Numerous economic sectors (e.g., agriculture, industry) produce carbon emissions in a variety of ways (e.g., chemical processes, waste management). But most emissions can be traced back to energy generation. Carbon dioxide from fossil fuel combustion accounted for 75.3% of the global warming potential-weighted total of U.S. gross emissions between 1990–2020.¹

Rather than fossil fuel combustion, energy can be provided by electricity generated through renewable sources, such as solar and wind. However, for this option to be an economically viable choice, there must be a way to store the generated electricity for days when the sun does not shine and the wind does not blow.