AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY bulletin emerging ceramics & glass technology DARPA program seeks to accelerate new materials development JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2016 Federal data mandates require new skillsets Digital Library of Ceramic Microstructures Meet President Singh; Annual Meeting report Ceramic Leadership Summit, Ceramics Expo • bbbb Your kiln. Like no other. Your kiln needs are unique, and Harrop responds with engineered solutions to meet your exact firing requirements. For more than 90 years, we have been supplying custom kilns across a wide range of both traditional and advanced ceramic markets. Hundreds of our clients will tell you that our three-phase application engineering process is what separates Harrop from \"cookie cutter\" kiln suppliers. Thorough technical and economic analysis to create the \"right\" kiln for your specific needs Robust, industrial design and construction • After-sale service for commissioning and operator training. Harrop\'s experienced staff is exceptionally qualified to become your partners in providing the kiln most appropriate to your application. Learn more at www.harropusa.com, or call us at 614-231-3621 HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com contents January/February 2016 • Vol. 95 No. 1 feature articles Meet ACerS president Mrityunjay Singh Eileen De Guire ACerS new president tells the Bulletin about his career as a ceramic scientist, what the Society means to him, and his goals for the coming year. 20 Kathleen Richardson reports on a healthy society at ACers 117th Annual Meeting. . 21 Eileen De Guire The Society had an especially busy year, including initiatives to expand its international connections with ceramic societies abroad, Kathleen Richardson reported at October\'s Annual Meeting. cover story DARPA\'s Materials Development for Platforms program Credit: U.S. Department of Defense DARPA\'s Materials Development for Platforms program seeks to optimize design to accelerate new materials development 24 Michael Maher The new DARPA program attempts to drive innovation and adoption of new materials technologies in military platforms by compressing the applied material development process. - page 24 Advancing research through data management 30 Trevor Riley New funding agency rules for open-access drive the need for data literacy and data management skills. Online treasure trove—Digital Library of Ceramic Microstructures 36 Chadwick Barklay University of Dayton Research Institute\'s free online library contains more than 900 micrographs of ceramic materials. meetings Meeting highlights: Materials Science and Technology 2015 38 EMA 2016: Electronic Materials and Applications 40 feature ICACC 2016: 40th International Conference and Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites.... 42 Advancing research through data management 5th Ceramic Leadership Summit. 46 Credit: iStock Ceramics Expo 2016 48 - page 30 columns Deciphering the discipline 56 departments Charles Smith News & Trends 3 Embracing research and all its difficulties ACers Spotlight. 6 Advances in Nanomaterials 10 resources Ceramics in Biomedicine. 11 New Products Calendar Classified Advertising Display Advertising Index American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 51 គន ១8 50 Ceramics in Manufacturing.. 12 52 Research Briefs 13 55 Ceramics in Energy. 18 1 AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY Obulletin Editorial and Production Eileen De Guire, Editor ph: 614-794-5828 fx: 614-794-5815 edeguire@ceramics.org April Gocha, Associate Editor Stephanie Liverani, Associate Editor Russell Jordan, Contributing Editor Tess Speakman, Graphic Designer Editorial Advisory Board G. Scott Glaesemann, Chair, Corning Incorporated John McCloy, Washington State University C. Scott Nordahl, Raytheon Company Fei Peng, Clemson University Klaus-Markus Peters, Fireline, Inc. Gurpreet Singh, Kansas State University Eileen De Guire, Staff Liaison, The American Ceramic Society Customer Service/Circulation ph: 866-721-3322 fx: 240-396-5637 customerservice@ceramics.org Advertising Sales National Sales Mona Thiel, National Sales Director mthiel@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5834 fx: 614-794-5822 Europe Richard Rozelaar media@alaincharles.com ph: 44-(0)-20-7834-7676 fx: 44-(0)-20-7973-0076 Executive Staff Charles Spahr, Executive Director and Publisher cspahr@ceramics.org Teresa Black, Director of Finance and Operations tblack@ceramics.org Eileen De Guire, Director of Communications & Marketing edeguire@ceramics.org Marcus Fish, Development Director Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation mfish@ceramics.org Sue LaBute, Human Resources Manager & Exec. Assistant slabute@ceramics.org Mark Mecklenborg, Director of Membership, Meetings & Technical Publications mmecklenborg@ceramics.org Officers Mrityunjay Singh, President William Lee, President-Elect Kathleen Richardson, Past President Daniel Lease, Treasurer Charles Spahr, Secretary Board of Directors Michael Alexander, Director 2014-2017 Geoff Brennecka, Director 2014-2017 Manoj Choudhary, Director 2015-2018 John Halloran, Director 2013-2016 Martin Harmer, Director 2015-2018 Edgar Lara-Curzio, Director 2013-2016 Hua-Tay (H.T.) Lin, Director 2014-2017 Tatsuki Ohji, Director 2013-2016 Gregory Rohrer, Director 2015-2018 David Johnson Jr., Parliamentarian contents January/February •Vol. 95 No. 1 Connect with ACers online! in g+ f http://bit.ly/acerstwitter http://bit.ly/acerslink http://bit.ly/acersgplus http://bit.ly/acersfb http://bit.ly/acersrss In your hand and on the go! There are now three great ways to read all of the good stuff inside this month\'s issue of the Bulletin! On-the-go option #1: Download the app from the Google Play store (Android tablet and smartphones) or the App Store (iOS tablets only). a PDF copy of this month! Equally mobile option #2: Download a PDF copy of this month\'s issue at ceramics.org and save it to your smartphone, tablet, laptop, or desktop. Optimized for laptop/desktop option #3: From your laptop or desktop, flip through the pages of this month\'s electronic edition at ceramics.org. Available for iPad on the Get it on GOOGLE PLAY Want more ceramics and glass news throughout the month? App Store Subscribe to our e-newsletter, Ceramic Tech Today, and recieve the latest ceramics, glass, and Society news straight to your inbox every Tuesday, Wednesday, and Friday! Sign up at http://bit.ly/acersctt. Top Tweets Have you connected with @acersnews on Twitter? Here are some recent top posts: No pressure New phase of solid carbon allows researchers to create diamonds at room temp bit.ly/1NGq8cT All about that base Graphene microphone concept surpasses traditional tech with ultrasonic potential bit.ly/1m8ZPlr Sticky situation Chewing gum and carbon nanotubes stick together to create wearable sensor bit.ly/1OCKEFN American Ceramic Society Bulletin covers news and activities of the Society and its members, includes items of interest to the ceramics community, and provides the most current information concerning all aspects of ceramic technology, including R&D, manufacturing, engineering, and marketing. American Ceramic Society Bulletin (ISSN No. 0002-7812). ©2015. Printed in the United States of America. ACerS Bulletin is published monthly, except for February, July, and November, a \"dual-media\" magazine in print and electronic formats (www.ceramicbulletin.org). Editorial and Subscription Offices: 600 North Cleveland Avenue, Suite 210, Westerville, OH 43082-6920. Subscription included with The American Ceramic Society membership. Nonmember print subscription rates, including online access: United States and Canada, 1 year $135; international, 1 year $150.* Rates include shipping charges. International Remail Service is standard outside of the United States and Canada. *International nonmembers also may elect to receive an electronic-only, email delivery subscription for $100. Single issues, January-October/November: member $6 per issue; nonmember $15 per issue. December issue (ceramicSOURCE): member $20, nonmember $40. Postage/handling for single issues: United States and Canada, $3 per item; United States and Canada Expedited (UPS 2nd day air), $8 per item; International Standard, $6 per item. POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 600 North Cleveland Avenue, Suite 210, Westerville, OH 43082-6920. Periodical postage paid at Westerville, Ohio, and additional mailing offices. Allow six weeks for address changes. ACSBA7, Vol. 95, No. 1, pp 1-56. All feature articles are covered in Current Contents. 2 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 news & trends Alfred University secures $7.75M investment to build advanced ceramic manufacturing center The New York State College of Ceramics at Alfred University (Alfred, N.Y.) recently received a $7.75 million grant that will allow construction of a new Center for Advanced Ceramic Manufacturing and Education. The funding comes from New York Governor Andrew Cuomo\'s NYSUNY 2020 Challenge Grant program, an initiative to spark economic development that kicked off in 2011. The AU award is part of the program\'s fourth round of funding. The multimillion dollar investment will build a 9,000 ft² facility for hightech manufacturing equipment to bolster AU\'s already leading position in advanced ceramics R&D and education. The center will collaborate with other institutions—including industry, academic, and government entities-to \"get products to market as quickly and as efficiently as possible,\" according to a press release on Cuomo\'s website. \"The Center will work hand-in-glove with the University\'s Center for Advanced Ceramic Technology to expand services and grow its current client base, which now includes General Electric, Corning Incorporated, Lockheed Martin, TAM, World Kitchen, EnrG, Ceralink, Freeform Fiber, and Boston Valley Terra Cotta-to name just a few.\" Because of the wealth of experts in ceramics and glass already located at AU, the Center will be able \"to provide a full range of services to new and established companies,\" according to the release. \"The new Advanced Ceramic Manufacturing Center will strengthen our ability to provide research and training opportunities that support the state\'s ceramic and glass industry,\" Doreen Edwards, dean of AU\'s Inamori School of Engineering and ACerS Fellow, says in the press release. \"The Center\'s emphasis on creating products from advanced materials will support economic development in the region.\" According to an article in The Evening Tribune, the new center will • \"Leverage the expertise and facilities of the University\'s School of Engineering to help ceramic companies, and companies that use ceramic components, bring new products to market; Alfred University\'s campus is getting an upgrade thanks to a $7.75 million grant to build a new ceramic manufacturing center. Strengthen the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the rural area between the Western New York and Southern Tier regions of the state; Benjamin Esham; Flickr CC BY-SA 2.0 • Help attract new companies to the region through START-UP NY; • • Increase the school\'s ability to attract industry and federal funding for research and training in advanced manufacturing; Provide students and working professionals with education and training in advanced manufacturing of ceramic materials; and • Increase the number of students pursuing and completing undergraduate and graduate degrees in ceramic engineering, glass, and materials science and engineering.\" Industry-specific online career database is go-to resource for ceramic and glass employers and job seekers Finding a qualified candidate for a job is hard. Finding a qualified candidate for a job in a specific field is harder. And finding the dream candidate in a niche career field can sometimes feel like a fruitless search for a needle in a haystack. The good news is that demand for professionals in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics continues to trend upward. It is projected that about one million more STEM professionals will be needed in the United States alone by 2022, according to the 2012 President\'s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology Report on Education. To address this growing need, ACerS and the Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation have partnered to create the Ceramic and Glass Career Center-the premiere online resource for matching talented, qualified job and internship seekers with the best career opportunities at leading organizations in the ceramic and glass industry. \"Our goal with the Career Center is to make opportunities in the ceramic and glass materials community easier to find for job and internship seekers, and, as a result, help organizations recruit the best of the best,\" says CGIF Development Director Marcus Fish. \"It really is the best place out there to go to match the most qualified candidates with the right ceramic and glass industry opportunities.\" Companies and organizations can take advantage of the site\'s straightforAmerican Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 3 ●news & trends Credit: Spiber Inc. A new industry-specific career database hopes to make the search for ceramic and glass jobs easier. ward platform to post comprehensive job descriptions to ensure they are targeting and attracting the right candidates. This valuable tool is free to all job and internship seekers, and ACerS Corporate Members can post unlimited job listings for no charge. Check out the Career Center at careers.ceramics.org to find the perfect opportunity or to secure your next ceramic and glass all-star. 4 Business news Inside the Coors family\'s secretive ceramics business worth billions (forbes. com)... Fiskars to transfer manufacturing from Helsinki ceramics factory (fiskars group.com)...Air Products\' spin-off materials technologies business is now Versum Materials (airproducts.com)…….US construction spending rises to 7.5-year high (reuters.com)...Avure Technologies becomes Quintus Technologies (quintus technologies.com)... CASIS awards research agreements to five tech companies (iss-casis.org)... Elsevier publishes reference module in materials science and engineering (elsevier.com)...Hunting for neutrinos with the help of Schott specialty glass (schott.com)...Sanimed grows in quality and quantity with the Sacmi Group (sacmi.com)...Alcoa opens advanced jet engine parts facility in Indiana (alcoa.com)... Ceralink expands Credit: Katie Hiscock; Flickr Japanese company Spiber partners with The North Face to spin synthetic spider silk into first-ofits-kind bioengineered parka Spider silk has been a buzz-worthy trend in materials science lately as scientists continue the mission to scale up synthetic spider silk in the lab that rivals the impressive strength and durability of the real thing. Japanese company Spiber is no exception-it recently joined forces with highperformance sportswear outfitter The North Face to create a parka made from genetically engineered spider silk fiber. The prototype, called the Moon Parka, is the \"world\'s first coat whose outer shell is spun from synthetic spider silk,\" according to a recent Popular Science article. After eight years of research and development, Spiber has bioengineered 656 spider silk genetic variations into microbes to create its material QMONOS (Japanese for “spider web\") for the Moon Parka. Materials Testing Facility (ceralink.com)... Vacuum maker Dyson acquires lithium-ion battery start-up (dyson.com)...Corning and ICFO announce a renovation agreement for lab at ICFO (corning.com)... Northrop Grumman wins long-range bomber deal (northropgrumman.com)...3M announces restructuring plan (3M.com)... Agnora installs largest ceramic ink digital in-glass printer (agnora.com)…..Calderys inaugurates new plant in India (calderys. com)……IRradiance Glass earns grant to create lenses for advanced laser security equipment (irradianceglass.com)... Morgan Advanced Materials expands large area CVD capabilities for SiC and PBN (morganadvancedmaterials.com)...Dow Corning named one of America\'s safest companies (dowcorning.com)...Saxon Glass sues Apple over \"lon-X\" glass branding (patentlyapple.com) Spiber\'s Qmonos fabric is weaved with synthetic spider silk from bioengineered microbes. Spiber\'s process makes the fibers by \"brewing spider silk protein from its engineered microbes, and then purifying the protein into a fine powder. The powder is excreted through syringelike needles to create fibers, which are then spun into thread,\" the article explains. In a video produced by Spiber about the technology, the company explains that its team has “extensively studied the diverse genetic designs found in nature\" and has \"developed advanced methods to create new, tailor-made materials designed at the molecular level.\" Watch the video at vimeo.com/141755563. This technology has potential applications in the apparel, medical, and automobile markets-and it generates significantly less pollution than manufacturing practices currently used across these industries, especially when it comes to textiles that use synthetic polymer materials like polyester and nylon, which require massive amounts of energy and fossil fuels to produce. Spiber aims to have the Moon Parka ready for commercial release some time in 2016. Capital fund investment to enable Eurekite\'s flexible ceramics to reach commercialization Based on technology developed at the University of Twente\'s MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, new start-up com pany Eurekite is looking to develop new www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 Credit: Eurekite BV; YouTube Start-up ceramics company Eurekite cofounder and CEO Gerard Cadafalch demonstrates the company\'s innovative flexible ceramics, Flexiramics, in a YouTube video. products and commercial solutions with its flexible, paperlike ceramic. Eurekite is looking for collaboration partners to develop new ideas, products, and solutions for its Flexiramic material. Eurekite recently received some rather hefty start-up support from Cottonwood Technology Fund, an investment company that supports tech entrepreneurs through early and seed-stage investing. According to a PR Newswire release, Eurekite secured an investment of more than €1 million from Cottonwood, a \"top performing seed-stage investor in science-based technology start-ups.\" The press release also provides the only hint of what the magical material is: \"They have developed a flexible ceramic PCB [printed circuit board] concept, merging the flexibility and lightweight of the polymer with the temperature stability and electrical insulation of a ceramic PCB. The concept offers a low dielectric constant and losses while keeping relatively high dielectric strength, thus providing an excellent platform for high-quality signal transmission in several environments.\" The company will use the funds as founding capital to begin operations in Enschede, Netherlands. \" \"We are already receiving customer interest internationally across applications as diverse as oil and gas sensors, mobile phone antennas, lithium-ion battery energy performance upgrades, high-power electronics for electric vehicles, and even solar energy,\" company cofounder and CEO Gerard Cadafalch says in the PR Newswire release. \"Attracting Cottonwood\'s support has already opened additional doors for us and provides the capital needed to begin delivering initial working prototypes and purchasing the equipment needed to set up initial scaling capabilities. We are excited to take Eurekite to the next level.\" FLEXIRAMICS REGISTER NOW! ceramics.org/cls2016 WHERE BUSINESS AND MANUFACTURING MEET STRATEGY The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY\'S 5TH CERAMIC LEADERSHIP SUMMIT APRIL 25-26, 2016 | CLEVELAND, OHIO Hear more about Eurekite and its innovation at youtu.be/Bs_13hqcYiE. . with C ceramics 2016 expo • Panel discussions, moderated \"fireside” chats, and talks • Industry leaders focused on business and technology in the glass and ceramic industries Connect, learn, and build new business opportunities American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 5 acers spotlight Society and Division news Welcome to our newest Corporate Members! ACerS recognizes organizations that have joined the Society as Corporate Members. For more information on becoming a Corporate Member, contact Mark Mecklenborg at mmecklenborg@ceramics.org, or visitceramics.org/corporate. SEL SEMICONDUCTOR ENERGY LABORATORY Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co. Ltd. Kanagawa, Japan www.sel.co.jp/en SUPERIOR GRAPHITE Superior Graphite Chicago, III. www.superiorgraphite.com XIETA Xieta International S.L. Barcelona, Spain www.xieta.com Members: Save time with multiyear renewal If your membership expires this month and many do-or even if you have another expiration date, please take time to renew now. To renew online, visit ceramics.org and click the \"Renew\" button. You will need a credit card or PayPal to complete the transaction. You also can call customer service at 866-7213322 (U.S.) or 240-646-7054 (outside U.S.), or email customerservice@ceramics.org. Tired of getting renewal notices every year? Let customer service know you would like the multiyear renewal option that lets you decide how many years to renew. St. Louis Section/Refractory Ceramics Division 52nd Annual Symposium, March 29–31, 2016 \"Refractories for the Ferrous Industry: A Historical Perspective, Present and Future Directions” is the theme for the 52nd Annual Symposium of ACerS St. Louis Section and Refractory Ceramics Division on March 29-31, 2016, at the Hilton St. Louis Airport Hotel, St. Louis, Mo. A kickoff event will be held the evening of March 29. Program cochairs are Simon Leiderman and Bill Davis. A partial list of papers to be presented includes • “Recent developments in refractories and clean steel making technology,\" Dale Zacherl, Almatis • \"The use of metals in refractories,” Ruth Engel, Refractory Consulting Service • \"Possibilities to determine the refractories influence on inclusion formation at clean steel production,\" Peter Quirmbach, DIFK \"Heat transfer, erosion, and stress analysis for refractory,\" Chenn Zhou, Purdue University Calumet/CIVS • \"A first approach to in-situ spinel formation in Al₂O₂-MgO systems,\" Piagoras Lanna, Magnesita Refractories • \"New higher temperature resistant microporous insulation for molten iron and steel refractory applications,\" J. Robert Doty, IMACRO Inc. • \"An overview of blast furnace hearth construction,\" Mike Alexander, Riverside Refractories • \"Development of a novel hybrid method for the production of macroporous foam ceramics,\" Matthias Rath, Spumix Dammstoffe GmbH • \"Slide gate refractories and systems: Adapted solutions for high quality steel,” Mariella Zefferer, RHI AG • \"Raw materials used in tundish linings and their effect on performance,\" Gary Hallum COMMAT/CCPI Inc. • \"The evolution of anhydrous taphole clay in NAFTA-1970\'s to present,\" Glenn Biever, Vesuvius USA • \"Changes in North American blast furnace operations and their effect on casthouse refractory practice-1970\'s to present,” Sam Bonsall, Vesuvius USA The event also will include a tabletop expo. To participate in the fee), contact Patty Smith at 573-341-6265 or psmith@mst.edu. expo ($300 For more information about registration and to reserve your hotel room by March 7, 2016, visit ceramics.org/meetings/acers-meetings and select St. Louis Section/RCD 52nd Annual Symposium. Please note that a meeting of the ASTM International C-8 Committee on Refractories will be held on March 29, before the joint St. Louis Section/RCD conference. Contact Kate McClung at 610-832-9717 for more information. Ceramic Tech Today blog www.ceramics.org/ceramictechtoday 6 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 ECD announces best paper, best poster winners from ICACC\'15 The Engineering Ceramics Division announced the Best Paper and Best Poster winners from the ICACC\'15 meeting held last January in Daytona Beach, Fla., and will present the awards during the plenary session at ICACC\'16. Congratulations to the authors of the winning papers and posters. Best Posters First place Experimental demonstration for continuum damage mechanics model of SiC/SiC composites using digital image correlation technique under UV light Ryota Maeno, Toshio Ogasawara, and Shinji Ogihara Second place Interaction of Indentation-induced cracks on single-crystal SiC Cody Kunka, Alison Trachet, and Ghatu Subhash Third place Synthesis and sintering behavior of Y₂O3 nanoparticles for Transparent ceramics Ho Jin Ma, Wook Ki Jung, Se Woon Jung, and Do Kyung Kim Best Papers First place Experimental and numerical determination of the elastic moduli and freeze cast MMC with different lamellae orientation Matthias Merzkirch, Yuri Sinchuk, Kay André Weidenmann, and Romana Piat Second place New combined method of MPS and FEM for simulating friction stir processing Hisashi Serizawa and Fumikazu Miyasaka Third place In vitro degradation and conversion of meltderived bioactive glass microfibers in simulated body fluid Mohamed N. Rahaman, Xin Liu, and Delbert E. Day In memoriam A.M. Harvey Jr. Paul H. Reed David Myers Some detailed obituaries also can be found on the ACerS website, www.ceramics.org/in-memoriam. Sealing Glass Sealing Glass Solutions from Mo-Sci Excellent wetting and bonding to both metal and ceramics Glass is homogeneous, with no crystals and no significant elements from metal or ceramics diffusing into glass The innovative staff at Mo-Sci will work with you to design and develop your project ACerS members save more. For members-only discounts, including savings of up to 34% on shipping, join now at ceramics.org. M mo.sci CORPORATION ISO 9001:2008. AS9100C www.mo-sci.com 573.364.2338 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 7 acers spotlight Students and outreach Application deadline to participate in WISE 2016 is Dec. 31 Each year, outstanding engineering students are selected to spend nine weeks in Washington, D.C., learning about the public policy process, includ ing how government officials make decisions on complex technological issues and how engineers can contribute to legislative and regulatory public policy decisions. To learn more about application requirements, visit ceramics.org/acers-blog/acers-participationin-wise-2016. The deadline to apply is Dec. 31, 2015. ACers Winter Workshop for students to be held in January ACerS is co-organizing a Winter Workshop program for students with help from the President\'s Council of Student Advisors (PCSA) and the Young Professionals Network (YPN). The workshop program covers technical topics, career strategies, speed mentoring, entrance to parts of EMA and ICACC\'16, and more. ACerS welcomes students and young professionals from around the world and will be held at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Fla., Jan. 22-25, 2016. For more information, visit ceramics.org/ winter-workshop. CERAMICANDGLASSINDUSTRY FOUNDATION The Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation launches University-Industry Network aimed at continuing ceramic and glass education CGIF launched the University-Industry Network, a program that focuses on encouraging schools around the world to align more closely with industry as they continue teaching key concepts in ceramic and glass science. Universities that join the network will have access to programmatic resources aimed at ceramic and glass education, and funding will be available to help support programs and initiatives to give undergraduate students more opportunities to develop an interest in ceramic and glass fields. \"The University-Industry Network is designed to provide students with richer hands-on experiences in the ceramic and glass fields,\" says CGIF development director Marcus Fish. \"It\'s vital that these programs get the funding and resources they need to help attract the next generation of professionals to work in the ceramic and glass industry.\" Five universities have already signed on to pilot the program: Alfred University (Alfred, N.Y.), Missouri University of Science and Technology (Rolla, Mo.), Pennsylvania State University (State College, Pa.), Clemson University (Clemson, S.C.), and the Colorado School of Mines (Golden, Colo.). For more information on becoming a member of the CGIF University-Industry Network, contact Marcus Fish at 614-794-5863 or mfish@ceramics.org. Mark your calendar for ICACC\'16 student activities Attention students and young professionals: Make sure to attend the student activities at the 40th International Conference and Expo on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, Jan. 24-29, 2016, in Daytona Beach, Fla. • Student and Young Professional Networking Mixer, Jan. 25, 7:30-9 p.m. • Schott Glass Competition (organized by ACerS President\'s Council of Student Advisors (PCSA), Jan. 26, 6:45-8 p.m. • Student and Young Professional Lunch and Lecture: \"Mentorship for young scientists: Developing scientific survival skills,\" by Federico Rosei, Jan. 27, noon-1:15 p.m. For more information about ICACC\'16 and to register, visit ceramics. org/icacc16. find your vendors with ceramicSOURCE ceramicsource.org 8 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 Every Nanometer counts Awards and deadlines GOMD Award nomination deadlines ACers Glass & Optical Materials Division will present the W.A. Weyl International Glass Science Award (funded by Pennsylvania State University) at the International Congress on Glass conference in April 2016 in China. Any scientist 35 years old or younger, whose research and publications in the field of glass science show ingenuity, initiative, and innovative thinking, is eligible to apply. Nomination information can be found at ceramics.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/WeylAward-Call-for-Nominations-2016.pdf. The nomination deadline is Dec. 31. GOMD also invites nominations for the following awards: . The Stookey Lecture of Discovery Award recognizes an individual\'s lifetime of innovative exploratory work or noteworthy contributions of outstanding research on new phenomena or processes involving glass that have commercial significance or the potential for commercial impact. • The George W. Morey Award recognizes new and original work in the field of glass science and technology based on excellence in publication of work, either experimental or theoretical, done by an individual. • The Norbert J. Kreidl Award for Young Scholars recognizes research excellence in glass science and is open to all degree-seeking graduate students (M.S. or Ph.D.) or those who have graduated within a 12-month period of the GOMD meeting. Nominations for all three awards must be received by Jan. 21, 2016. For more information, visit ceramics.org/awards. Society award nominations due Jan. 15 Nominations for most ACerS Society awards, including Distinguished Life Member, Du-Co Ceramics, Kingery, Jeppson, Coble, Corporate Achievement, Spriggs, Friedberg, and Fulrath, are due Jan. 15, 2016. For more information, visit ceramics.org/awards or contact Marcia Stout at mstout@ceramics.org. Please note that the 2016 Purdy Award will be for papers published in 2014. ACerS Corporate awards Did you know that ACerS has four awards designed specifically for Corporate Members? One of them is a new corporate award-the Medal for Leadership in the Advancement of Ceramic Technology. Learn more at ceramics.org/ blogcorpawards. The new Dilatometer DIL 402 Expedis with revolutionary NanoEye measuring cell Find out more about the new NanoEye technology: www.netzsch.com/n22856 DIL: 402 Expedis Supreme NETZSCH Leading Thermal Analysis. 9 10 Credit: University of California, Berkeley ●advances in nanomaterials Scientists developing real ‘ultrathin\' invisibility cloak with scale-up potential A recent study published in Science outlines how scientists from the University of California, Berkeley have created what they are calling an \"ultrathin invisibility skin cloak for visible light” that has been shown to conceal irregularly shaped objects from view by guiding light around them, rendering the objects invisible in certain wavelengths of light. A Los Angeles Times article about the study reports that “previous invisibility cloaks tried to gently redirect the light around the object they were hiding-but this required using lots of material, making the cloaks far bulkier than the object they were trying to conceal.\" To design a much thinner, more practical invisibility cloak that can be wrapped around an object, Zhang and his team constructed a \"skin cloak\" barely 80 nm-thick and comprised of bricklike blocks of gold nanoantennas, according to a UC Berkeley news release. The researchers wrapped the thin material around a “3-D object about the size of a few biological cells and arbitrarily shaped with multiple bumps and dents. The surface of the skin cloak was metaengineered to reroute reflected light waves so that the object was rendered invisible to optical detection when the cloak is activated,\" according to the release. Scaling up this technology has tremendous potential for commercial applications-from use in high-resolution optical microscopes, to security encryption purposes, and even larger-scale 3-D displays. However, Boubacar Kante, an electrical engineer at the University of California, San Diego who was not involved in the study, explains to the LA Times that there are some potential complications with the UC Berkeley study. \"The work is interesting. However, the current cloak works only for a discrete wavelength of light-730 nm-and would have to cover more wavelengths to be effective at a larger scale,\" Kante tells the LA Times. Relying on metallic particles also can be a disadvantage, according to Kante, because they can \"actually make what they\'re covering seem darker than their surroundings, which can be a dead giveaway.\" So Kante is building on the invisibility cloak concept by turning to the magic of ceramics. He is developing technology that would use a \"combination of ceramic particles and Teflon to achieve a similar effect.\" The Science paper is \"An ultrathin invisibil- A 3-D illustration of a metasurface skin cloak made from ity skin cloak for visible an ultrathin layer of nanoantennas (gold blocks) covering light\" (DOI: 10.1126/sci- an arbitrarily shaped object. Light reflects off the cloak ence.aac9411). (red arrows) as if it were reflecting off a flat mirror. Graphene could be key in development of new flexible, low-cost infrared vision system Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology are working to develop \"a flexible, transparent, and low-cost infrared vision system\" featuring graphene, according to an American Chemical Society news release. Infrared technology is not new-it long has been used in the military and has helped police and firefighters improve nighttime vision when the job depends on it. But current infrared vision systems need \"cryogenic cooling Graphene A thermal sensor made out of graphene could lead to better night vision technology. to filter out background radiation, or \'noise,\' and create a reliable image,\" the release explains. This adds inefficient bulk to these tools and makes them more expensive to produce. Credit: American Chemical Society Driven by the mission to develop a more practical, lower-cost solution, MIT researchers Tomás Palacios, Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, and colleagues \"integrated graphene with silicon microelectromechanical systems (known as MEMS),\" according to the release. Through testing, the team found that the new device could clearly identify a person\'s heat signature without the need for cryogenic cooling. The researchers are building on this breakthrough to develop infrared vision systems based on a single layer of graphene, which would make these devices \"transparent and flexible,” simplify manufacturing, and, as a result, lower production costs. The paper, \"Graphene-based thermopile for thermal imaging applications,\" is published in ACS Nano Letters (DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01755). www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 ceramics in biomedicine Credit: Nick Harris; Flickr CC BY-ND 2.0 Ceramics pair with silk to form skeletal tissuerepairing dynamic duo Researchers at Tufts University (Medford, Mass.) and the University of Sydney (Australia) have developed a novel type of biodegradable scaffold that combines silk and ceramic to help broken bodies jointly rebuild the cartilage and bone that compose joints. \"It\'s a challenging problem to tackle,” Rosemarie Hunziker, director for the Program for Tissue Engineering at the United States National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), says in an NIBIB news story about the research. \"One of the big problems in cartilage tissue engineering is that the cartilage does not integrate well with host tissue after implantation, so the graft doesn\'t \'take.\' In this new approach there is a greater chance of success, because the materials have architectures and physical properties that more closely resemble the native tissue.\" To match the two-part nature of joints\' osteochondral tissue-\"osteo\" meaning bone, and “chondral\" meaning cartilage-the researchers developed a biphasic material that is flexible and strong, enabling joint movement while providing structural support. To create such a demanding bifunctional material, the team fabricated a cartilage-like scaffold from silk protein joined to a bonelike ceramic scaffold of strontium-hardystonite-gahnite. Researchers fashioned the ceramic material-fabricated from a mixture of Sr-Ca₂ZnSi₂O, powder and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) powder (15 wt%)—into a scaffold via a polymer sponge method, in which they coated the ceramic slurry onto a sacrificial polyurethane foam. Sintering the scaffold sacrificed the structural foam, leaving behind only the hardened ceramic scaffold. \"The goal was to develop an artificial scaffold with mechanical and bioactive properties that successfully promotes healing of damaged tissue to restore a fully functional joint. Bioactive properties include having a scaffold with the correct pore sizes that allows cells to enter and populate the scaffold after implantation, and being fully degradable over time to remove barriers to tissue regeneration,\" according to the NIBIB news story. The researchers report that the biphasic scaffold maintained structural integrity during stretch and compression tests, standing up \"under forces that were much higher than would be encountered in the body under physiological conditions.\" The team\'s in vitro experiments also showed that human mesenchymal stem cells could colonize on the material, which caused the cells to then differentiate. \"The smaller pore size of the silk cartilage-like segment caused the mesenchymal cells to differentiate into cartilage cells,\" NIBIB reports. \"The larger pore size of the ceramic bonelike segment caused the mesenchymal cells to differentiate into bone cells.\" American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org GALL A new unexpected pairing of materials could help heal skeletal tissues. The paper, published in Journal of Materials Chemistry B, is \"A biphasic scaffold based on silk and bioactive ceramic with stratified properties for osteochondral tissue regeneration\" (DOI: 10.1039/C5TB00353A). TA struminti Discover More Advanced Ceramic and Glass Characterization ⚫ DSC/TGA • Dilatometry Rheology Calorimetry • High Temp Thermal Conductivity & Viscometry Thermal Diffusivity Featuring our new line of vertical dilatometers with furnace options up to 2300°C www.tainstruments.com 11 12 Credit: SuperJet International; Flickr CC BY-SA 2.0 ceramics in manufacturing GE makes $200M investment in silicon carbide manufacturing factories Aviation giant General Electric recently announced that it is investing more than $200 million to build a pair of new factories focused solely on silicon carbide manufacturing. The two factories, situated on 100 acres in Huntsville, Ala., will each churn out either silicon carbide fibers or silicon fiber tape to make jet engines and land-based gas turbines, according to a Business Wire press release. The strategic move allows GE Aviation to boost its capacity to produce ceramicmatrix composites (CMCs) for use in increasingly efficient next-generation engines. \"Establishing the new GE factories in Alabama is a very significant step in developing the supply chain we need in order to produce CMC components in large volume,\" Sanjay Correa, vice president of GE Aviation\'s CMC Program, says in the release. GE is investing in a pair of new factories to help manufacture silicon carbide for jet engines. NGS Advanced Fibers-a joint company of Nippon Carbon, GE, and Herakles Safran France-currently operates the world\'s only large-scale silicon carbide fiber manufacturing facility in Japan, so GE\'s upcoming fiber factory in Alabama will significantly boost siliLocal Motors debuts new LM3D Swim to drive mass production of In late 2014, Local Motors unveiled the world\'s first 3-D printed car, Strati, with a flourish: The company not only unveiled the first 3-D printed car, it liveprinted the Strati during the automotive industry\'s huge Specialty Equipment Market Association (SEMA) 2014 show. Although Strati was a prototype, Local Motors has taken the concept one giant leap further-during the 2015 SEMA show in early November, Local Motors debuted the LM3D Swim, its first attempt to enter 3-D printed cars into the mass production market. LM3D Swim will be the first in the company\'s LM3D series of 3-D printed vehicles, which Local Motors plans on releasing throughout 2016. The LM3D Swim is composed of ~75% 3-D-printed parts, although Local Motors hopes to eventually bump that percentage up to 90%. That last little bit will account for \"traditional\" auto parts that the company is not planning on trying to 3-D print, including wheels, tires, drivetrain, and steering components. 3-D printed parts will be made of Local Motors\' tested material composi tion of 80% thermoplastic polymer (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, or ABS) and 20% carbon fiber. Local Motors says it will continue to explore new materials, however, includ ing a flexible rubberlike printable polyurethane and thermoplastic elastomer called NinjaFlex (Fenner Drives Inc.). con carbide supply. The GE factory will directly extend that supply by licensing manufacturing technology from NGS Advanced Fibers. Construction on the silicon carbide factories will begin mid-2016, and they are expected to begin operations in 2018. 3-D-printed cars The company\'s next step for its LM3D cars is to earn them a thumbs-up from federal crash tests and highway certifications. The company says that early tests indicate that it will complete crash testing and have its 3-D printed cars ready for the road by the end of 2016. “In fact, our goal is to make 3D-printed cars safer than traditionally manufactured cars,\" Local Motors says on its website. Local Motors\' new 3-D-printed car, the LM3D Swim. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 research briefs Islands of tungsten oxide maintain strength of steel yet protect against fouling Researchers at Harvard University\'s John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have developed a scalable technique to give steel a coating to prevent liquids from sticking to its surface, preventing fouling and corrosion. The new coating, a rough nanoporous tungsten oxide layer, \"is the most durable antifouling and anticorrosive material to date, capable of repelling any kind of liquid even after sustaining intense structural abuse,\" according to a Harvard press release. The coating, known as SLIPS or Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces, was developed in the Harvard lab of Joanna Aizenberg back in 2011. Since then, the team has developed ways to apply the SLIPS coating to a variety of surfaces for an even wider variety of purposes. Steel is the latest and, perhaps, biggest potential market in terms of sheer magnitude. \"Our slippery steel is orders of magnitude more durable than any antifouling material that has been developed before,\" Aizenberg says in the press release. \"So far, these two concepts-mechanical durability and antifouling-were at odds with each other. We need surfaces to be textured and porous to impart fouling resistance, but rough nanostructured coatings are intrinsically weaker than their bulk analogs. This research shows that careful surface engineering allows the design of a material capable of performing multiple, even conflicting, functions, without performance degradation.\" The team applied the tungsten oxide coating using electrochemical deposition. Instead of creating an even coating, the method grew tiny islands of the metal oxide floating on steel\'s surface. \"If one part of an island is destroyed, the damage doesn\'t propagate to other parts of the surface because of the lack of interconnectivity between neighboring islands,\" Alexander B. Tesler-former postdoctoral fellow at SEAS, current research fellow at Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, and the paper\'s first author-says in the press release. \"This islandlike morphology combined with the inherent durability and Research News Why high-performance glass flows, and how fast Complex, high-tech types of glass are susceptible to room-temperature deformations. Now researchers from UCLA have discovered why such flowing happens and how fast. Using molecular dynamics simulations of various glasses, the researchers showed that high-performance glass can exhibit some long-term deformations that are proportional to the size of the piece of glass. The key is the use of two alkali ions, sodium and potassium, in the high-performance glass formation process. This combination of ions with different atomic sizes makes glass susceptible to long-term deformations, the researchers found. For more information, visit newsroom.ucla.edu. a TANTיT e g h Accelerated corrosion test, in which unmodified stainless steel (300 grade) (right sample) and the lower part of the TO-SLIPS sample with a 600-nm-thick porous tungsten oxide film on steel (left sample) were exposed to very corrosive Glyceregia stainless steel etchant. (a–h) Images show corrosion evolution as a function of contact time. roughness of the tungsten oxide allows the surface to keep its repellent properties in highly abrasive applications, which was impossible until now.\" The benefit of electrochemical deposition is that the technique already is used in steel manufacturing, so implementation and scaling will be feasible. In addition, the coating is durable. ENGINEERED SOLUTIONS FOR POWDER COMPACTION Gasbarre | PTX-Pentronix | Simac HIGH SPEED, MECHANICAL, AND HYDRAULIC POWDER COMPACTION PRESSES FOR UNPRECEDENTED ACCURACY, REPEATABILITY, AND PRODUCTIVITY MONOSTATIC AND DENSOMATIC ISOSTATIC PRESSES FEATURING DRY BAG PRESSING 814.371.3015 GASBARRE PRESS GROUP www.gasbarre.com American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 13 research briefs \"The team tested the material by scratching it with stainless steel tweezers, screwdrivers, diamond-tipped scribers, and pummeling it with hundreds of thousands of hard, heavy beads,\" according to the release. \"Then, the team tested its antiwetting properties with a wide variety of liquids, including water, oil, highly corrosive media, biological fluids containing bacteria, and blood. Not only did the material repel all the liquid and show antibiofouling behavior, but the tungsten oxide actually made the steel stronger than steel without the coating.\" The open-access paper, published in Nature Communications, is \"Extremely durable biofouling-resistant metallic surfaces based on electrodeposited nanoporous tungstite films on steel\" (DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9649). \'Smarter\' technology harnesses electrical power absorbed by the human body Carnegie Mellon University and Disney Research are developing smartwatch technology that \"takes advantage of the [human] body\'s natural electrical conductivity to detect whether a person is touching an electrical or electromechanical device and, based on the distinctive Nanoquakes probe new 2-D material electromagnetic noise emitted by such devices, automatically identify the object,\" accord ing to a CMU news release. The technique, called EM-Sense, could enable smartwatches to \"automatically recognize what objects users are touching, for instance, whether A new smartwatch technology uses electromagnetic noise signatures to automatically recognize objects the wearer contacts. or EM, are low power, and outside the regulated frequency spectrum. They are also distinctive and used to classify objects. When a user makes physical contact with such an object, the EM signal propagates through the user,\" the video explains. the wearer is using a laptop, operating a saw, or riding a motorcycle, creating new opportunities for context-aware apps,\" the release explains. “The human body serves as an antenna for EM-Sense. From any body part an object touches, its distinctive electromagnetic emissions propagate through the body to an electrode worn at the wrist.\" A video produced by Disney Research demonstrates the EM-Sense technology on hand-watch it at youtu.be/fpKDNle6ia4. \"Many everyday electromechanical objects emit small amounts of electromagnetic noise during regular operation. Typically, these electromagnetic signals, In a step toward a postgraphene era of new materials for electronic applications, an international team of researchers, including scientists at the University of California, Riverside, has found a new way to elucidate the properties of novel 2-D semiconductors. The researchers fabricated a single-atomic-layer-thin film of molybdenum disulfide on a substrate of lithium niobate. Applying electrical pulses to LiNbO3, the researchers created very high-frequency sound waves that run along the surface of LiNbO3 and used them to listen to how illumination by laser light changes the electric properties of MoS2. For more information, visit ucrtoday.ucr.edu. Technique improves hydrogen production from molybdenum disulfide Scientists at Argonne National Lab have demonstrated that microwaves can help create nanostructured molybdenum disulfide catalysts with an improved ability to produce hydrogen. The microwave-assisted strategy works by increasing the space and, therefore, decreasing the interaction This allows the EM-Sense smartwatch technology to classify EM signals in real time, which enables quick detection of the object and launches the appropriate contextual application for the task at hand. For example, the video follows a user through various everyday tasks wearing the EM-Sense technology. When the user touches the door handle to his office at work, the smartwatch recognizes the object (office door handle) and launches between individual layers of MoS2 nanosheets. This exposes a larger fraction of reactive sites along the edges of these surfaces where hydrogen can be produced. Atomistic first-principles calculations show that the increase in spacing between the layers changes the electronic and chemical properties of these edge sites, making them more effective in producing hydrogen. For more information, visit anl.gov. Dielectric film has refractive index close to air Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a dielectric film that has optical and electrical properties similar to air and is strong enough to be incorporated into electronic and photonic devices to make them more efficient and more mechanically stable. The aluminum oxide film has a refractive index as low as 1.025 and is mechanically stiff. The researchers make the film using a nanolithography technique to create ordered pores in a sacrificial polymer substrate, which they coat with a thin layer of aluminum oxide using atomic layer deposition. For more information, visit news.ncsu.edu. Carnegie Mellon University News 14 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 an application on its screen that alerts the user to any workrelated messages and upcoming meetings for the day. \"By extending the Internet to physical objects-what\'s being called the Internet of Things (IoT)-we are creating new ways for people to interact with the world around them,\" Jessica Hodgins, vice president of Disney Research, says in the release. \"EM-Sense can make the IoT experience even richer by enabling people to get information or additional functionality simply by touching everyday objects.\" Graphene oxide paper walks around when lights switch on Some materials are willing to fold themselves into appropriate structures, so that users can just sit back and watch them do all the work. Scientists at Donghua UniverCredit: Sonny Abesamis; Flickr CC BY 2.0 Starbar and Moly-D elements are made in the U.S.A. with a focus on providing the highest quality heating elements and service to the global market. FR-50 years of service and reliability 1964-2014 I Squared R Element Co., Inc. Akron, NY Phone: (716)542-5511 Fax: (716)542-2100 Email: sales@isquaredrelement.com www.isquaredrelement.com 50 selectively constricts when hit with light, making it move as if it is alive. sity in Shanghai, China, have now A new type of graphene oxide paper created new materials that perform a more entertaining show-their graphene oxide innovation seems to have a mind of its own. When the team fashioned graphene oxide into paper, it found that the paper makes the perfect autonomous origami, with high flexibility and mechanical strength. Electronics get a power boost with the addition of vanadium oxide Pennsylvania State University materials scientists have discovered a way to give the transistor a big boost, using a new technique to incorporate vanadium oxide into the device. The team reports for the first time the growth of thin films of vanadium dioxide on 3-inch sapphire wafers with a perfect 1:2 ratio of vanadium to oxygen across the entire wafer. The material can be used to make hybrid field effect transistors, called hyperFETS, which could lead to more energy-efficient transistors. For more information, visit news.psu.edu. Using optical fiber to generate a two-micron laser Researchers at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne have described a way to design two-micron lasers at a lower cost, by changing the way optical fibers are connected to each other. The researchers built a thulium-doped fiber laser that works without an isolator-which normally is required to force the light to circulate in a single direction-by connecting the fibers differently, to steer light instead of stopping it. The new system proved to be less expensive than more traditional ones and could generate a higher-quality laser light. For more information, visit actu.epfl.ch/news. 本 Deltech Furnaces We Build The Furnace To Fit Your Need A Standard or Custom www.deltechfurnaces.com 303-433-5939 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 15 research briefs Credit: Felice Frankel The scientists patterned the paper with polymer masks to create selective regions that constrict when hit with infrared light (photothermal folding). Those patterned areas acted as seams, using the constriction to animate the paper. The scientists believe that in addition to sensors and artificial muscles, there are many possible uses for their graphene oxide innovation. \"Down the road, such materials could prove valuable for making sensors able to detect humidity, light, and electric fields, as well as insectlike robots capable of carrying far more than their body weight,\" according to a Science news article about the research. Watch the paper walk the walk at youtu.be/nBfkDicEHJY. The open-access paper, published in Science Advances, is \"Origami-inspired active graphene-based paper for programmable instant self-folding walking devices\" (DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500533). A new kind of \'super\' gluesmarter, tougher adhesives inspired by nature Engineers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology have “developed a method to make synthetic, sticky hydrogel that is more than 90 percent water\" that is \"tougher than natural adhesives employed by mussels and barnacles,\" according to a recent MIT News article. The material is transparent and rubberlike and can adhere to surfaces, such as glass, silicon, ceramics, aluminum, and titanium \"with a toughness comparable to the bond between tendon and cartilage on bone,\" the article explains. For example, in a related MIT News video, the hydrogel material is glued to a silicon wafer, which is then smashed with a hammer. \"While the silicon shatters, its pieces remain stuck in place due to the tough bonding,\" the video explains. Watch the video at youtu.be/Y8uLu1w53AU. Engineered hydrogel being pulled away from a glass surface. The material shows a property called \"tough wet adhesion\" comparable to tendon and bone interface. The wavy edge instability at the interface is a hallmark of strongly adhered soft material on a rigid surface. But this hydrogel is not just tough-it is flexible, too. The video demonstrates this flexibility by connecting four ceramic bars with the hydrogel. “The resulting structure can be deformed into various modes due to the flexible and tough hydrogel joints,\" the video explains. \"It\'s a pretty tough and adhesive gel that\'s mostly water,\" Hyunwoo Yuk, a graduate student in mechanical engineering and lead author of a paper on the work, says in the article. \"Basically, it\'s tough, bonding water.\" And this material is highly conductive. The team added salts to a hydrogel sample and attached the hydrogel to two metal plates connected by electrodes to a small LED light. As a result, “the hydrogel enabled the flow of salt ions within the electrical loop, which lit up the LED,\" the article explains. The video illustrates how an \"ionic hydrogel chemically anchored on two metal electrodes is conductive enough to power a LED light even when the hydrogel is stretched up to 4.5 times its original size.\" The hydrogel\'s conductive properties give it the potential to be used in soft robotics and bioelectronics, which the team is researching. The paper, published in Nature Materials, is \"Tough bonding of hydrogels to diverse non-porous surfaces\" (DOI:10.1038/nmat4463). Clay makes better high-temp batteries A unique combination of materials developed at Rice University may solve a problem for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries destined for harsh environments. The new clay-based lithium-ion battery is robust enough to supply stable power at temperatures up to 120°C. This discovery depends on the malleable qualities of bentonite clay and room-temperature ionic liquids that serve as a separator and an electrolyte system and provide a conductive path between a battery\'s anode and cathode. The researchers built their composite electrolyte to be tough and conductive and still present maximum surface area to electrodes. For more information, visit news.rice.edu. Single layers of manganese oxide mimic photosynthesis Florida State University researchers have discovered an artificial material that mimics photosynthesis and potentially creates a sustainable energy source. The team initially developed a multilayered material out of manganese oxide, commonly known as birnessite. But when the team isolated a single layer of the material, it transitioned from an indirect to a direct band gap material, trapping light at a much faster rate. Creating a single-layer material that can efficiently trap light is a much more desirable outcome, because it is much simpler and cheaper to manufacture. For more information, visit news.fsu.edu. 16 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 WINNER TECHNOLOGY in KOREA A clearer future could be in view thanks to \'smarter\' lens A researcher at the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom is working on a “new eye lens, made from the same material found in smartphone and TV screens, which could restore longsightedness in older people,\" according to a recent University of Leeds article. Devesh Mistry, a postgraduate research student in the School of Physics and Astronomy at Leeds is leading the charge to use liquid crystals in developing an adjustable artificial lens that can be permanently implanted into a patient\'s eyes. \"As we get older, the lens in our eye stiffens. When the muscles in the eye contract they can no longer shape the lens to bring close objects into focus,\" Mistry says in the article. \"Using liquid crystals, which we probably know better as the material used in the screens of TVs and smartphones, lenses would adjust and focus automatically, depending on the eye muscles\' movement.\" Mistry aims to have a prototype of this lens ready by the time he completes his doctorate in 2018 and expects that within a decade, \"the research could see the new lens being implanted into eyes in a quick and straightforward surgical procedure under local anaesthetic,\" according to the article. A liquid crystal-which researchers are hoping to integrate into implantable eye lenses-undergoing a heating test. Credit: University of Leeds \"Liquid crystals are a very underrated phase of matter,\" Mistry told The Times (U.K.). \"Everybody\'s happy with solids, liquids, and gases and the phases of matter, but liquid crystals lie between crystalline solids and liquids. They have an ordered structure like a crystal, but they also can flow like a liquid and respond to stimuli.\" Nanopores in molybdenum disulfide could take the salt out of seawater University of Illinois engineers have found an energy-efficient desalination material. The material, a nanometer-thick sheet of molybdenum disulfide riddled with nanopores, is specially designed to let high volumes of water through but keep salt and other contaminates out. The team modeled various thin-film membranes and found that MoS2 showed the greatest efficiency, filtering through up to 70% more water than graphene membranes. The researchers found that creating a pore in the sheet that left an exposed ring of molybdenum around the center of the pore created a nozzlelike shape that drew water through the pore. For more information, visit news.illinois.edu. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org Choose among the MoSi2 Heating Elements!! 1700°C, 1800°C, and 1900°C from Korean-made. 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And yet the information that those techniques provide can be critical to develop new disruptive products for the market. \"Recognizing the power of these technologies and seeking to accelerate their impact, the U.S. DOE\'s Argonne National Laboratory has created two new collaborative centers that provide an innovative pathway for business and industry to access Argonne\'s unparalleled scientific resources to address the nation\'s energy and national security needs,\" according to a recent Argonne press release. \"These centers will help speed discoveries to market to ensure U.S. industry maintains a lead in this global technology race.\" The collaborative centers focus on two broad areas of research with high potential to impact new products and developments. Argonne\'s new Nano Design Works (NDW) will enable collaboration with business partners focusing on nanotechnology R&D. And the Argonne Collaborative Center for Energy Storage Science (ACCESS) will pinpoint advances in energy storage technologies. The centers will foster bidirectional collaboration―NDW and ACCESS will allow businesses to leverage Argonne\'s expertise and capabilities and to create Argonne\'s Tijana Rajh (left) shows metal oxide nanoparticle samples to NDW Director Andreas Roelofs and fellow researcher Xiao-Min Lin. a pathway for Argonne\'s fundamental research to build avenues toward product development, according to the press release. Collaboration with NDW and ACCESS will be open to all companies, although \"a strong emphasis will be placed on helping small businesses and startups, which are drivers of job creation and receive a large portion of the risk capital in this country,\" according to the release. Andreas Roelofs and Jeff Chamberlain will lead NDW and ACCESS, respectively. Both directors have previous experience creating startups, providing them with unique insights to direct these collaborative centers. \"Where ACCESS and NDW will differ from the conventional approach is through creating an efficient way for a business to build a customized, multidisciplinary team that can address anything from small technical questions to broad challenges that require massive resources,\" Chamberlain says in the release. \"That might mean assembling a team with chemists, physicists, computer scientists, materials engineers, imaging experts, or mechanical and electrical engineers-the list goes on and on. It\'s that ability to tap the full spectrum of cross-cutting expertise at Argonne that will really make the difference.\" Iowa State University engineers test precast concrete wind turbine towers Wind energy is the fastest-growing source of electricity in the world, and harnessing it is one of the cleanest, most sustainable ways to generate power. Last year, engineers at Iowa State University reported on progress making wind turbines stronger and taller thanks to high-strength concrete technology they call \"Hexcrete\" and a $1-million investment from the Department of Energy. The DOE awarded the teamlead by Sri Sritharan, professor of civil, construction, and environmental engineering at Iowa State-an 18-month grant to improve its Hexcrete concept developed during earlier work at reinforcing concrete towers. After almost a year of research and development, Sritharan and his team put those taller concrete wind turbine towers to the test. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 Credit: Argonne National Laboratory FT 7584262521 Iowa State doctoral student Robert Peggar, right, helps prepare a Hexcrete cross section for load tests at the University of Minnesota\'s MAST Laboratory. In Iowa State\'s Structural Engineering Research Laboratory, \"hydraulic equipment in two civil engineering labs recently pushed and pulled at test sections of a new kind of wind turbine tower, simulating the heavy, twisting loads that towers have to withstand,\" according to an Iowa State University news release. As part of the testing, an actuator \"rocked a 12-foot-high and 6.5-foot-wide test section with 100,000 pounds of force every 1.25 seconds. The test section\'s two panels and two columns only moved a tenth of an inch, but the movement was visible—especially the swaying of the long wires attached to 65 strain and displacement sensors,\" the release explains. Unlike standard 80-meter steel wind turbine towers planted throughout the Iowa countryside, these precast concrete columns and panels are easily transportable and made from high-strength, ultra-high-performance concrete. The columns and panels are \"tied together by cables to form hexagon-shaped cells that can be stacked vertically to form towers as tall as 140 meters,\" according to the release. University of Minnesota\'s MAST Laboratory also conducted tests, focusing on operational and extreme wind turbine tower loads on a full-scale cross section of a tower-an assembly that was \"16 feet 7 inches high, 8 feet in diameter and included six panels and six columns tied together with prestressing cables,\" according to the release. Engineers took data to see if the assembled tower pieces would hold up under pressure and if the load would be transferred efficiently from piece to piece, acting as a single unit. After almost 200,000 load cycles, the fatigue test indicated no damage. Sritharan says in the release that the tower cross section had \"no trouble resisting the loads and preliminary data analysis confirms that observation.\" \"It\'s fair to say these tests were a success,\" Sritharan says. “I think we\'ve made great progress in validating a new concept of using prefabricated concrete for taller wind turbine towers.\" Iowa State engineers think their Hexcrete technology could revolutionize production of wind energy for many reasons, including portability and relatively easy assembly compared with steel towers, to help reduce production and transportation costs. But a major benefit is these concrete towers can be built taller than standard 80-meter steel towers-and that means better access to faster, steadier winds that exist only at altitudes above 100 meters. A short video about the team\'s simulation of how a 120-meter-tall tower might be constructed can be found at youtu.be/XizC5spy3mg. \"Now our goal is to build a full tower in the field,\" Sritharan says. \"Our intent is to identify partners who can work with us on a prototype tower. We\'ll also work to develop a commercialization plan.\" Sritharan\'s team will host technical and commercialization workshops during 2016 to help further their research efforts. ☐ SINTER-PUR 8 Advanced Ceramics Shapes and Powders Sinter-Pur products: aSiC, ßSiC and BC, our highly sinterable non-oxide powders, are all available in microgrit and sub-micron sizes, as well as ready-to-press powder formulations. Lightweight Materials Superior Hardness High Strength & Durability Enhanced Processing Capabilities Extensive Analytical Lab Capabilities SUPERIOR ■ GRAPHITE 312.559.2999 superiorgraphite.com American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 19 Mrityunjay Singh Meet ACerS president Mrityunjay Singh By Eileen De Guire T he office of president of The American Ceramic Society is demanding. The presidential year involves guiding strategic priorities for volunteers and staff, positioning the Society for continued success and growth, and building relationships within the membership and beyond. It requires business acumen, strategic vision, and diplomatic skills. It is a job for a beginner. ACerS 2015-2016 president Mrityunjay (Jay) Singh excels at beginning. But first, some background on how Singh got to this moment in time. Singh was born in a rural village in India and grew up working alongside his family on their farm. His journey to a career as a ceramic scientist began with a M.S. in physical chemistry from Gorakhpur University in India. From there he went to the Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (now Indian Institute of Technology, BHU) and earned a Ph.D in metallurgical engineering. Singh\'s work in India as a graduate student and later as a postdoctoral researcher focused on developing binary and ternary phase diagrams for chalcoCredit: ACerS genide materials and zinc-based alloy systems. In 1984, he made his first trip to the U.S. to attend a Materials Research Society fall meeting. The conference inspired him to apply for postdoctoral positions in the United States, which led to positions at Louisiana State University (Baton Rouge, La.) and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (Troy, N.Y.). At RPI, Singh worked with Judd Diefendorf (ACerS Fellow) and Heribert Wiedemeier on a DARPA-funded program on high-temperature structural ceramics-mostly composites, such as carbon-carbon composites and silicon carbide-based composites. Singh\'s literature searches led him to the Journal of the American Ceramic Society. \"That\'s when I became a member,\" says Singh, and before long he also was publishing papers in JACerS. Years later, seeing a need for a peerreviewed journal focused on applications, Singh helped lead the start-up of ACerS International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, now in its 12th year of publication. In 1991, Singh moved to Cleveland, Ohio, to take his last postdoctoral position as a National Research Council Senior Associate at the facility now known as the NASA Glenn Research Center. Currently he is chief scientist at the Ohio Aerospace Institute, which is located near the NASA Glenn campus. His research interests continue to focus on high-temperature ceramics, fiberreinforced composites, advanced manufacturing methods, and more. Singh first volunteered with the Society in 1996 as a member of the Engineering Ceramics Division Awards Committee, which eventually led him into the ECD leadership rotation. While serving as secretary of ECD, Singh began organizing symposia and discovered his unique gift for putting together meetings on compelling topics in ceramic science. Since he first organized a special session on \"Ceramics for the Future\" in 1998 for the ECD meeting (then in Cocoa Beach, Fla.), he has organized dozens of meetings for ACerS and dozens more for organizations around the world. Asked what makes a meeting successful, Singh says, \"You want to give them a very good experience-not only the technical experience, but the whole environment-the camaraderie, the friendship. And of course, people always like to eat!\" \"The Society has been very good to me,\" Singh says. “It has been very important, not only for getting knowledge of what is going on in the world, but also making friends all over the world.\" This statement also captures the essence of Singh\'s goals as president. As president, Singh wants to strengthThe office of Society president passes from Kathleen Richardson to Mrityunjay Singh with the handing over of the president\'s ceramic gavel. 20 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 en the Society\'s relationships with and value to corporations. \"We have to get very active involvement from our corporate members. ... After all, they are the end users of information,\" he says. Individual members also are on Singh\'s mind, and he says there are many points of entry for involvement: committees, Global Graduate Research Network, Young Professionals Network, Division leadership, etc. Singh believes one aspect of a satisfying volunteer experience is to help volunteers feel they have a network. Recognition is vitally important, too, he says, to achieving a satisfying volunteer experience. To that end, Singh has helped the Society initiate recognition programs, such as the ECD Bridge Builder award, ECD Global Star award, Global Ambassador award to recognize volunteers, Medal for Ceramic Advancement of Research and Technology for corporate leaders, and the Samuel Geijsbeek PacRim International award to name only a few that he has been instrumental in starting. Singh is especially keen to strengthen outreach to international members and ceramic societies. \"We also have to look at the whole issue of changing demographics and global diversity,\" especially diversity of ideas, he says. His vision extends well beyond his term. He is engaging Society leadership in a Vision 2025 strategic planning activity at the January Board of Directors meeting. \"We want to do a complete strategic planning and action plan for future growth and sustainability of the Society,\" he said at the October Annual Meeting. Although Singh says he does not have much time for hobbies, he and Gita, his wife of 41 years, enjoy \"sightseeing at meetings with new friends.\" They have four children and two grandchildren. Singh, a compulsive beginner, also excels at finishing. His year as president probably will go by quickly! President Kathleen Richardson reports on a healthy society at ACerS 117th Annual Meeting By Eileen De Guire President Kathleen Richardson reports to the membership on the state of the Society. resident Kathleen Richardson completed her term in office by presiding over the 117th Annual Meeting of The American Ceramic Society on Oct. 5, 2015, during MS&T15 in Columbus, Ohio. The Society had an especially busy year, giving Richardson plenty to report to the membership in attendance. Much of her report revolved around the Society\'s initiatives to expand its international connections by strengthening existing partnerships with ceramic societies abroad or initiating new relationships. Credit: ACerS \"We\'re working hard to enhance our inclusiveness,\" she says, and cited meetings with leaders of ceramic societies in the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Korea, China, and India during the year. The work of the past several years to strengthen international ties started to pay off this year when ACerS partnered with the European Ceramic Society to host the first ACerS-ECerS student exchange. ACerS helped sponsor U.S. based students to attend the ECerS summer school in Madrid and conference in Toledo, Spain. In a number of ways, this was a year of \"firsts.\" A new Manufacturing Division launched from the framework of the former Whitewares and Materials Division and held its first meeting during Ceramics Expo in April 2015. Richardson says, \"We hope [the Division] will lead crosscutting programming in [the manufacturing] sector.\" Ceramics Expo also enjoyed its inaugural year-and was a great success. A partnership between ACerS and Smarter Shows-a niche market trade show organizer from Bath, U.K.–Ceramics Expo welcomed more than 180 vendors and more than 2,000 visitors. Ceramics Expo 2016 is projected to double in size. A goal of Richardson for her presiAmerican Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org Treasurer Daniel Lease reported \"good news\" about the Society\'s finances. dential year was to facilitate effective communication between Division leaders and the Society and to provide mechanisms for them to share best practices for recruitment, programming, and other activities. Through quarterly teleconferences, a Division leaders meeting at MS&T, and other communications, these and similar successes have begun to percolate across Divisions. 21 President Kathleen Richardson reports on a healthy society at ACerS 117th Annual Meeting Acers new officers (from left); Mrityunjay Singh, president; Gregory Rohrer, director; Martin Harmer, director; William Lee, president-elect. Divisions also had the opportunity for the first time this year to apply for supplemental funds from the Society, which they used to send students to conferences (Refractory Ceramics) and to make promotional videos (Cements). The Art, Archaeology and Conservation Science Division coordinated its spring workshop with the Glass and Optical Materials Division\'s annual meeting, to the benefit of both Divisions. The Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation (CGIF) met some major milestones, according to Richardson. After two years of laying groundwork, the CGIF\'s first Board of Trustees was formed with 19 members representing five countries. At its first meeting in April 2015, the Board of Trustees reviewed and pri oritized CGIF programming activities. It met again in October 2015 during MS&T to further work on programming and created some internal working groups to address long-term goals. Richardson shared news that in May 2015, ACerS was awarded a grant from the NIST Advanced program to lead planning for an advanced manufacturing consortium focused on glass manufacturing—The Functional Glass Manufacturing Innovation Consortium. The two-year planning period involves developing a technology roadmap and establishing a sustainable consortium. Treasurer Daniel Lease updated the membership on the financial status of the Society, saying, “I bring good news!\" The good news is that the Society and its Ceramic Publishing Company was \"in the black\" and returned budget surCredit: ACerS pluses for the fifth consecutive year, the asset/liability ratio is stronger than last year, and the Society carries no debt. As Richardson says, \"It\'s wonderful to stand up here and report such good news.\" The Annual Meeting also marks the transition of terms for the Board of Directors. Richardson presented certificates of appreciation to outgoing board members Elizabeth Dickey, Keith Bowman (absent), and Vijay Jain (absent). New directors Martin Harmer, Gregory Rohrer, and Manoj Choudhary (absent) took the oath of office and will serve three-year terms. Richardson\'s final presidential duty was to pass the ceremonial ceramic gavel to the next president, Mrityunjay Singh. Singh-a ceramic matrix composites expert-was a little surprised, saying, \"It\'s really heavy.\" Singh outlined plans for his tenure, which include growing membership worldwide, expanding volunteer recognition, and leading a strategic planning initiative to develop an action plan for the Society\'s future growth and sustainability. Realizing that his agenda also is \"heavy,\" Singh says, “I think we can do it. We need a lot of help from you. Bright days are ahead-we will achieve it with all of you.\" Manufacturing Technology A light moment during the ACerS 117th Annual Meeting in Columbus, Ohio, in October 2015. 22 22 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 Credit: ACerS The Madison Concourse Hotel and Governor\'s Club | Madison, WI USA Register Now! 2016 GLASS AND OPTICAL MATERIALS DIVISION ANNUAL MEETING may 22-26, 2016 Technical program featuring five symposia: S1: Fundamentals of the Glassy State S2: Glasses in Healthcare-Fundamentals and Application S3: Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices-Fundamentals and Applications S4: Glass Technology and Cross-cutting Topics S5: Festschrift for Professor Donald R. Uhlmann ceramics.org/gomd2016 The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Credit: U.S. Department of Defense An F-22 Raptor from the Hawaii Air National Guard\'s 199th Fighter Squadron. O bulletin cover story. By Michael Maher A new DARPA program attempts to drive innovation and adoption of new materials technologies in military platforms by compressing the applied material development process. DARPA\'s Materials Development for Platforms program seeks to optimize design to accelerate new materials development M ilitary platforms—such as ships, aircraft, and ground vehiclesrely on advanced materials to make them lighter, stronger, and more resistant to harsh environmental conditions. Currently, the process for developing new materials frequently takes longer than a decade. This lengthy process often means that developers. of new military platforms are forced to rely on decades-old, mature materials, because potentially more advanced materials are still being developed and tested and are considered too large a risk to be implemented into platform designs. DARPA\'s Materials Development for Platforms (MDP) program seeks to address this problem by compressing the applied material development process. MDP aims to achieve its goals through a collaborative, cross-disciplinary model that combines materials science and engineering with the platform development disciplines of systems engineering, design, analysis, and manufacturing. 24 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 0 years 4 years 8 years 12 years 16 years 20 years Maturing a material Exploration & discovery Applied development Technology maturation Applied material development is unable to establish substantive tie to application/need Transitioning a material Tech Production Analysi dev Engineering & mfg dev deployment Product development programs flow down materials requirements without regard for material design space Developing a platform Unfortunate Result: Platforms rely on mature materials that have decades of heritage Figure 1. Applied material and process development takes many years and is based on poorly defined needs. Motivation for the Materials Development for Platforms program Today\'s process for developing new materials for platform applications is fraught with inherent delays and inefficiencies. To understand why, and how this motivates DARPA\'s MDP program, consider the conventional material and process research, development, and deployment cycle shown at the top of Figure 1. The cycle typically proceeds through three phases. • Exploration and discovery is the proof of concept phase that produces candidate materials for which analytical and laboratory studies have physically validated analytical predictions. Often called fundamental materials research, this is a healthy and thriving enterprise that feeds many new ideas into the technology community each year. Capsule summary BACKGROUND New advanced materials are critically necessary to improve the performance of technology innovations in military platforms. However, the development process frequently takes longer than a decade, hindering innovation. • Applied material development is the phase during which a new material matures from proof of concept to prototype demonstration in a relevant environment, where the material technology can be inserted into a new platform program of record. Applied development advances the material through iterative cycles with a specific application in mind. Technology maturation is the final phase of material advancement, during which the material is applied in its final form and under mission conditions, such as those encountered in operational tests and evaluations. From inception through technology maturation, the cycle for a new material or process historically takes 18-20 years-far too long for the material and process community to contribute substantively to the dynamic needs of new THE PROBLEM Currently, product development and materials development often proceed independently of one another. However, concordant coordination and direction of both efforts could help shorten the development timeline. Credit: DARPA and emerging military platforms. The root of the problem is fundamental inefficiency and extended duration-typically 10 years or more-of the applied material development phase (highlighted in red in Figure 1). During this time, the material and process community typically does not establish a meaningful link to a timely application, often creating its own artificial requirements in isolation. The result is a heuristic, science-driven \"random walk\" approach to implementation, instead of an engineering-driven, “technology pull\" directed toward a welldefined application. Meanwhile, platform and product development (lower Figure 1), which could patently benefit from new and improved materials, mostly proceeds independent of material and process research, development, and deployment MOVING FORWARD DARPA\'s Materials Development for Platforms (MDP) program seeks to upend the current materials development cycle by driving applicationfocused innovations to shorten development time and enable adoption of new materials. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 25 DARPA\'s Materials Development for Platforms program seeks to optimize design . . . efforts. This is because the Department of Defense acquisition cycle has a comparatively short interval between milestones A and B-which “bracket\" Technology Development (\"Tech Dev\" in red, Figure 1)-contrasted with the >10 years required to progress a material and process technology. This means that any new material the community offers to platform developers at milestone A already must satisfy the platform\'s milestone B requirements. If it does not which is usually the case, as indicated above-platform developers do not have the desire, time, funding, or trust to invest in an applied material development cycle on the hope that it could be compressed to less than the usual ≥10 years to meet the platform development schedule. The reality is that the product development program community can exert only very limited \"technology pull” on an applied material and process development effort. Likewise, from the perspective of a developer, it is extremely difficult to establish a strong substantive tie to a real need and application. The ultimate penalty for this poor alignment between the extended materials development cycle and the military 26 platform development cycle is that platform developers usually default to mature, \"off-the-shelf\" materials and designs with decades of heritage and operational experience. In fact, although platform developers often are willing to take on developments in software, engineering design, and components, they will not engage a material development program. Ultimately, this limits the trade space and capability of new, advanced defense systems. Specific examples of this are legion. For instance, the F-35 uses the same materials as the F-22, which uses the same materials as the F-18. And although there are many composite armor systems being developed in Army programs, the Army typically uses steelfew new materials are being used on armored vehicles. This critical need to reduce the time to develop new materials is what motivates the MDP program. MDP aims to develop a methodology and toolset to compress the applied material development sequence from ≥10 years to about 2.5 years. To focus program efforts, MDP is being applied to the field of hypersonics, where maturation of new high-temMDP use case: Hypersonic vehicles MDP has chosen an application to develop and exercise the framework: hypersonic material systems for a boost-glide hot structure aeroshell. Boost-glide defines a specific category of trajectory and platform; aeroshell indicates that this is a single-piece exterior or outer mold line; and hot structure indicates that the outer mold line functions as thermal insulation and as a primary load-carrying structure. This application is extremely challenging because of the extreme environment and operational conditions, which truly push boundaries of the materials and platform designed. However, the application is relevant, because current operational baselines are limited by available materials, and because there is a large quantity of low- to mid-maturity materials available. To establish design intent, an MDP Broad Agency Announcement presented a representative boost-glide flight profile that sets the aero-thermal-chemical environment in which the vehicle will operate. An approximate vehicle description also was provided to MDP proposers to help translate the flight profile into vehicle loading conditions. Vehicle integration artifacts, including bulkheads, joints, and seals, must be developed and represented in subcomponent designs to avoid surprises when materials are scaled up from coupons to full-scale articles-a necessary outcome of this interdisciplinary framework guided by design intent. Independent verification and validation of subcomponents will be conducted in operationally relevant environments, because final MDP materials and designs will be subjected to ground tests that simulate the conditions of representative flight conditions. The hypersonic vehicle use case will force material design communities to integrate their tools successfully to meet the MDP goal of a 30-month development timeline. perature materials poses a particularly significant need. Program concept The MDP program aims to disrupt the current material development paradigm by invoking a materials development framework that artificially simulates the platform or product development sequence for a materials development effort. This framework, guided by design intent, is intended to be an all-encompassing, cross-disciplinary, collaborative methodology that reduces the time required to mature and transition new materials to new products and platforms. Design intent is the functional role of the materials systems at conceptual design, instead of waiting until a preliminary design has been completed and for design requirements to flow down. Developing new materials based on design intent will allow designers and materials developers to collaborate and optimize solutions based on material attributes and performance needs and will allow rapid assessment, optimization, and maturation of material systems to meet platform design intent and manufacturability requirements. In the context of MDP, \"cross disciplinary\" has a specific meaning that begins with, but is not necessarily limited to, integrating materials and processing, manufacturing, and true integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) principles with platform engineering, design, and analysis disciplines. Deliberate focus is placed on true ICME principles—i.e., using modeling and simulation as a tool to guide material development-rather than efforts solely to improve fidelity and accuracy of models and simulations themselves. Further, mature verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification techniques should be used to quantify the accuracy and precision of predictive tools. It is generally accepted that inaccurate and imprecise modeling and simulation outputs can still be useful as long as levels of inaccuracy and imprecision can be quantified. MDP is experimenting with incorporation of materials informatics disciplines, which aim to apply contemporary data analysis techniques to the disparate www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 sets of data developed during a materials and product development effort. These data could be as varied as processing parameters, micrographic images of morphology, chemical properties, mechanical properties, and stress and thermal distributions wholly dissimilar sets of information that are usually analyzed in a heuristic fashion by experts and connected via heuristic and knowledge-based processes. Instituting data reduction techniques as required, MDP will determine whether novel interrelationships and new insights can be extracted based purely on a data-analysis approach. MDP also is exploring the field of metrology to identify whether there is new measurement science for representing environments or operational conditions and for extracting operationally relevant behavior of materials in these environments. This is key, because often platform or product development characterization techniques are too expensive for material developers to leverage, so they typically use smaller-scale, streamlined characterization techniques that may not represent what product developers need. Characteristics that are relevant to product developers must then be extracted or assumed from these small-scale measurements. MDP\'s new methodology will incorporate manufacturing technology capabilities and constraints, or manufacturability, as part of the development cycle. In the traditional acquisition cycle, engineering and manufacturing development begins after milestone B, at which point all the component technologies have been brought forward. Therefore, manufacturing is typically not even considered until the platform\'s critical design review has been concluded. MDP aims to bring together manufacturing specialists, materials developers, and designers to integrate their activities very early in the design cycle to facilitate rapid assessment, optimization, and maturation of material systems and designs to meet platform design intent and manufacturability requirements. This allows designers and materials developers to collaborate and optimize final designs in considerably less time. It is critical that independent verificaAmerican Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 Altitude PROGRAM OVERVIEW Design intent Time Aeroshell P (x,y), Q(x,y) Integrated computational materials engineering Time Topology optimization Manufacturing and validation Rapid iteration Change the way applied materials development is conducted, enabling compressed timeline Figure 2. MDP seeks to change the way applied materials development is conducted, enabling a compressed timeline. tion and validation of MDP subcomponents be incorporated throughout all aspects of this process. More specifically, two levels of testing and assessment will be incorporated: thermostructural characterization at the coupon level using unique methods and instrumentation; and operationally relevant arc-jet testing for accurate extraction of material characteristics of subcomponents that incorporate relevant geometric complexity and relevant size-scale (see sidebar). MDP\'s overall success relies on its execution component to rapidly assess, optimize, and mature material systems to meet platform design intent and manufacturability requirements. MDP\'s vision is that collaborative and rapid design and development iteration cycles will | www.ceramics.org Credit: DARPA be much more efficient in the overall platform development. In other words, iterative design-build-test cycles will outperform vastly a sequence of designdesign-design-design-build-test. MDP will demonstrate this methodology and tool capability through subcomponent testing. The initial 30-month program phase will establish necessary methodology and toolsets. Program execution MDP program execution is summarized in Figure 2. MDP seeks to change the current paradigm by forcing various \"stovepiped\" fields of expertise to integrate their efforts to compress the timeline for materials development for real applications. Instead of basing material 27 DARPA\'s Materials Development for Platforms program seeks to optimize design . . . requirements on perceived application needs, design intent will be generated by vehicle and test engineers. Predictive materials engineering-in this case, ICME and materials informatics—will be used to generate a database of virtual material properties, taking into account various loads and design configurations provided at the vehicle level. Iterative and integrated laboratory-scale testing will be used to validate simulations and is key to rapid cycling through potential materials and designs. A topology optimization task will use the materials database and operational conditions to generate nonobvious optimized subcomponent designs for a combined environment (for MDP\'s use case, aero-thermalchemical-structural) testing. Fabrication will iteratively build in complexity, from coupon-level specimens all the way to subcomponents with traceable complex geometry and integration features. An independent verification and validation team will be involved throughout and will conduct laboratory-level and subcomponent validation testing and analysis. With the use case of a hot structure for hypersonic boost-glide, the MDP program is arranged into four technical areas and an independent verification and validation team. • Technical area 1-Engineering (design and analysis). In contrast with the status quo to initiate new designs based on heritage platforms, flight conditions and multiphysics topology optimization will be used to develop nonobvious, optimized designs. High-fidelity, multiphysics analysis will be coupled to understand aero-thermal-chemical conditions and behavior. A framework will be created for cross-disciplinary material development. • Technical area 2-Materials and processing, manufacturing, modeling. Two materials systems are being pursued. The first is based on a 3-D woven ceramic-matrix composite that is a unitized 3-D woven carbon-carbon aeroshell with integrally woven rib stiffeners. This effort will make use of the existing ICME toolset using top-down systems-level parameters and defect-driven microstructural physics models. It also will make use of two densification sources for better understanding of the process and its variability. The sec28 ond is an integrally woven carbon-silicon carbide ceramic metal-matrix composite sandwich. The existing ICME toolset will be used to generate homogenized, nonlinear time-dependent behavior from highfidelity models of the weave architecture and its microstructure. • Technical area 3-Materials informatics. This effort will involve an automated informatics model with genetic optimization and inverse design capabilities. The framework will receive data and requirements from engineers to produce actionable process-structure-property insights. The insight cycles will be sequenced quarterly in materials insight analysis sprints (suggest-collect-describe-model). • Technical area 4-Metrology. This area will leverage an existing facility that provides enthalpies and pressures that are consistent with necessary testing environments, enabling specialized facility upgrades to nozzles to provide higherMach flow, heat exchangers to cool the higher-Mach nozzles, and fixturing to allow testing of multiple specimens per run. The capabilities of the upgraded facility will be unique and will enable a full-fledged hypersonic materials screening facility. • Independent verification and validation. To provide maximum understanding of the characteristics governing thermal-chemical-mechanical behavior of hypersonic structures, independent verification and validation of subcomponents will be conducted in operationally relevant environments. An independent verification and validation test bed and support team has been established and coordinated by DARPA to provide guidance and enable effective ground testing of flight-configured boost-glide hot-structure aeroshell subcomponent hardware tested in a simulated hypersonic environment with relevant fixturing. Planning, coordination, execution, and analysis of arc heater tests will be conducted in months 12, 20, and 29 at the USAF AEDC H2 or a similar arc heater facility. This team also will gather and compile a historical hypersonic database for archive, curation, and analysis. As mentioned above, MDP requires ICME to be incorporated into the materials development process, with a focus on true ICME principles.¹ Modeling is not conducted merely to improve accuracy and fidelity of process or material property models. MDP integrates relevant sets of processing, materials, and design modeling and simulation tools for meaningful prediction of process-microstructure-property-performance relationships. MDP emphasizes using these models and simulations as tools to accelerate the material development effort and make it more efficient. Therefore, understanding the maturity and uncertainty levels of all modeling and simulation tools is central to implementing ICME in MDP. The veracity of computational fluid dynamics and structural mechanics analysis (e.g., finite element analysis) is rarely questioned today, because the respective computational models and frameworks were subjected to systematic verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification²,³ during implementation. Therefore, the established systematic, rigorous, and disciplined approach of verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification will be extended to ICME to build confidence that MDP is developing and utilizing robust, trusted models. Program expectations The MDP program\'s hypersonic vehicle case will develop flight-configured subcomponents developed and integrated with a specific application in mind that drives design and catalyzes various technical teams to work together. Independent verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification methodology will overlay and establish trust in moving parts of the MDP framework in a relevant, operational environment—all with the ultimate goal of providing the hypersonic community with new materials that enable higher-performance capabilities in developing vehicles. DARPA has established several specific and aggressive goals for MDP: • Use hypersonic challenge problems to force the material and design communities to integrate their tools; • Demonstrate ICME tool capabilities through subcomponent testing; • Deliver a validated set of new hypersonic material systems using a framework that reduces the current www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No.1 development timescale from >10 years to 2.5 years, enabling step-change performance and platform concepts; • Advance MDP materials systems from technology readiness level 3 (Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof of concept) to technology readiness level 6 (System/subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment) in 30 months, with detailed technical milestones to pace the performance; • Build confidence in MDP\'s integrated materials and design tools by applying rigorous verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification to the program\'s computational approaches and tools; and • Transfer program data to DARPA using the Materials Selection and Analysis Tool (MSAT)/Materials and Processes Technical Information System (MAPTIS) database archival system, accessible by U.S. government personnel. Achieving success through the validated MDP methodology and toolset will fundamentally and radically change how applied materials development is conducted, enabling dramatically compressed development timelines. About the author Michael Maher is program manager, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Contact Maher at darpa.mil/ staff/mr-michael-maher. References \'The Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society, \"Implementing ICME in the aerospace, automotive, and maritime industries,” http:// www.tms.org/icmestudy 2B.A. Cowles, D.G. Backman, and R.E. Dutton, \"Verification and validation of ICME methods and models for aerospace applications,\" Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation, 1 [2] (2012) http:// www.immijournal.com/content/1/1/2 3B.A. Cowles, D.G. Backman, and R.E. Dutton, \"Update to recommended best practice for verification and validation of ICME methods and models for aerospace applications,\" Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation, 4 [1] (2015) http://www.springer.com/-/4/6b27014d1e8 24216bed4b8e72944e81a More defense research @ ceramics.org Sintering spinel: NRL scientists fabricate unique shapes ceramics.org/sintering-spinel • See-through ceramics developed at NRL are 50 percent harder ceramics.org/next-gen-armor • Iron Man suits generate buzz in the world of armor ceramics.org/iron-man-buzz Technical Meeting and Exhibition MS&T16 MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CALL FOR PAPERS Submit your abstracts by March 15, 2016 G MATSCITECH.ORG Themes for 2016 include: Additive Manufacturing Biomaterials Ceramic and Glass Materials Electronic and Magnetic Materials Energy Fundamentals, Characterization, and Computational Modeling Iron and Steel (Ferrous Alloys) Materials-Environment Interactions Nanomaterials Processing and Manufacturing Special Topics SALSAL NTERITY SALT PALACE CONVENTION CENTE OCTOBER 23 - 27, 2016 Sponsored by: AIST ASM TMS ASM TMS & NACE INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL THE CORROSION SOCIETY Organizers: The American Ceramic Society ASSOCIATION FOR IRON & STEEL www.ceramics.org TECHNOLOGY The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 29 30 30 Advancing research through data management By Trevor Riley New funding agency rules for open-access data drive the need for data literacy and data management skills. esearch data management issues are not simple. They are not solved solely through actions of the researcher. Solutions require involvement of many stakeholders within government, industry, academia, and international organizations. The current top-down approach by government agencies serves only to address a narrow band of research performed. To make real progress, we must take additional steps to address cultural barriers, implement best practices, and instill the importance of data management and the value of data sharing in the next generation of researchers. Change to come In the past decade, the White House and federal agencies have faced growing expectations for greater transparency and accountability. Although this pressure is not new, technology has developed to the point where citizens can lobby for a cause they believe in by signing an online petition. One such petition, which was posted in May 2012, targeted the openness of scientific journal articles resulting from taxpayer-funded research. This petition, along with sentiment surrounding the nature of scholarly publishing, pushed the White House toward a monumental first step that will have major impact on the openness of scientific research. In 2013, nine months after the petition was posted, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) released www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 Capsule summary DATA MANAGEMENT RULES CHANGE In the United States, a citizen-driven petition in 2012 led to a federal mandate for open access to taxpayer-funded research, including research data. Agencies that award more than $100 million in research funding per year require principal investigators to provide data management plans to meet the requirement. a memorandum to the heads of executive departments and agencies.² The memo directed funding agencies with annual research expenditures more than $100 million to develop plans specifyimg objectives for publications and data to increase public access to research outputs related to federal funds. The memo allowed agencies room to tailor individual plans and required each agency to ensure that researchers submit data management plans along with proposals. Although some agencies, including the National Science Foundation, already met this requirement because of prior policies, the memo also included language that required agencies to develop a system to evaluate data management plans for merit. Further, agencies were asked to plan strategies for measuring and enforcing compliance. As of October 2015, 15 of the 21 agencies covered by this memo submitted plans, each at various stages of implementation. National Science Foundation In March 2015, NSF published its public access plan: \"Today\'s data, tomorrow\'s discoveries.\" The plan responds to objectives raised in the OSTP memo and expands on previous policy, while pointing out that it plans to implement further requirements in future stages. Effective January 2016, all new awards granted by NSF are required to make publications, such as peer-reviewed articles, freely available no longer than 12 months after publication. Investigators are responsible for submitting publications to an NSF-designated repository and noting these publications in annual reports along with the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for linking. Currently, NSF has identified only the Department of Energy\'s Public A COMPLEX MANDATE Each funding agency wrote its own requirements for satisfying the data access requirement, although some agencies worked together to develop consistent requirements. However, data storage and retrieval infrastructure may be insufficient at some institutions. Finally, the research community currently lacks effective organization and management of large data sets. DEVELOPING DATA MANAGEMENT SKILLS Fields such as astronomy have developed tools for archiving and working with large data sets. Librarians, too, have developed programs for data information literacy skills training programs. Application of these tools and skills can help meet data management requirements. Scholes Library at Alfred University College of Ceramics. Librarians have a long history of organizing data in many formats. Today, librarians lead the effort to teach students and researchers about effective organization and management of data to meet federal data management mandates. Access Gateway for Energy and Science (PAGES) portal for submissions, but NSF will add to this list or work with the DOE to provide linking through original Versions of Record (VOR). Although this new requirement seems obvious to expand research output and should be easy for researchers to meet, it must not be overlooked. Federally funded research now is made freely accessible to all, and it no longer will be hidden behind publisher paywalls. NSF is less straightforward regarding the requirements for other research outputs, including data. The language of the plan seems to postpone the question of data until a later time, while referring back to its original requirements on data management plans. There are many possible reasons why data is not as strongly addressed, but it is clear that the main challenge is development of an underlying infrastructure for long-term preservation and access through a network of institutions, publishers, and government agencies. Other reasons that likely have contributed to a staged approach, relative to data, relate to the inability of principal investigators to comply with more rigorous data requirements at this time. This inability results from lack of understanding of requirements, lack of skillsets to conduct proper management, and other limitations related to technological and support services. Department of Energy The Department of Energy published its public access plan in July 2014 and implemented it agency-wide in October 2015. As required by the OSTP memo, all proposals must contain a data management plan. DOE PAGES acts as a full-text database for submission of manuscripts, but researchers also have the ability, instead, to submit the link American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 31 Credit: Scholes Library, Alfred University Advancing research through data management of the publisher\'s VOR along with metadata and DOI. The department\'s access plan goes beyond the NSF plan and specifically states that data management plans will be evaluated on their merits and that failure to comply with what has been written in the proposal\'s plan will negatively influence future funding opportunities. Language in the DOE plan shows that the department strongly believes in data management planning as a key part of the research process. The DOE plan is unique in its approach to education: It recognizes that skills related to effective management of data are tied to training and education. The department reaffirms its support for aligned with data management training for researchers at all levels, undergraduate to postdoctoral. Turning toward education programs There is not a single (accredited) engineering or materials program in the United States where a student can earn a degree without taking a course in calculus. This also is the case with other fundamental courses, such as chemistry, physics, and basic oral and written communication. Although we have invested in technical infrastructure through development of digital repositories, we have given less attention to integration of good data management practices into current research and curriculum. Throughout the sciences, a large majority of students graduate without basic understanding of data management or the ability to apply best practices in their research. We must remember that, although a robust infrastructure is important, without a clear understanding of how best to document, name, format, store, and share data, even the most capable researchers will continue to encounter the same issues of unreliable, untrustworthy, unintelligible, and unusable data. Although research data are central to the communication of ideas so that others may test and verify, or disprove, results, data management has become an appendix-an addition to research. Exchange of knowledge solely through the traditional publishing model has become inefficient in data-intensive 32 fields and no longer meets the needs of researchers. Although there is great value in production of scientific literature, the benefits of accessible, well-documented, and trustworthy data is more vital than ever. Impact in academia The lack of basic data management skills at the undergraduate level extends into graduate programs and industry, where an understanding of data management practices is arguably more important. We generally understand that graduate students in the sciences are relied upon to process, gather, and interpret data. We also accept that much of the research is in direct 1 relation to or in support of faculty research. A recent study that examined the perspectives of graduate students in relation to data management found that practices were largely tied to previous experiences or training. The study also found that students had an overall lack of understanding of documentation and organization of data. The study authors bring this issue into focus by connecting these two points, saying, \"given their close proximity to the data, the perceptions and attitudes of graduate students toward data management issues and the actions they take (or do not take) throughout the data lifecycle are likely to have a sizable impact.\' \"4 As a whole, academia is struggling with the implementation of data management. One of the most complete studies on research data management to date goes as far as to say that \"virtually no one in academia perceives that they have a professional responsibility or mandate for research data management functions\" and cites a lack of professional training as a major deficiency in effective management of research data over the long term. Another look at major research institutions with significant grant activity 101 000 000 000 001 011.011 001 1001010011 found that faculty are generally unfamiliar with even their own institution\'s data management requirements. 6 At the graduate level, concern is that behaviors and perceptions of faculty, who do not follow best practices or engage in data sharing, will pass these habits on to students. This concern is valid, especially because it has been found that a researcher\'s attitudes to the sharing of data have a significant effect on student behaviors.? We understand that many of our problems in data management result from cultural rather than technical issues. Mark Parsons from the Research Data Alliance sums this issue up when he speaks about the \"long tail of data\" or the vast amount data that has been created by individual researchers or small research groups \"To have some sort of consistency across that data so that we can integrate it requires a lot of social change.\"8 Combined effort needed Institutions should be prepared for these changes and understand that researchers soon will require increased support. Researchers and stakeholders who are aware of changes also should be prepared to explain them to those who www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 0 1 011 21.1 are not aware, including administrators, IT staff, librarians, sponsored research officers, and others. Without a combined effort, individual researchers will struggle to meet requirements, especially as agencies continue to execute further stages. Institutions that do not begin to adopt data management planning and best practices will find themselves behind, which may affect funding and recruitment of students and faculty. The materials field Materials science researchers have talked about the topic for years (or at least talked about issues that have resulted because of the lack of good practices) without using the words \"research data management.\" Stephen Freiman and John Rumble have written on this topic describing the current state of data and challenges facing the materials field. They have covered the description of nanomaterials, changing nature of materials, access to proprietary data, and, in general, uncertainty of documentation and data reliability. This sentiment was echoed in a report funded by the Department of Defense, which acknowledged that access to ceramic property data was \"haphazard\" and that much of the data available lacked provenance and quality indicators. A more recent study on materials science and engineering data describes the current state as lacking \"the strategy, framework, standards, and culture needed to support materials data curation and sharing.\"10 Materials science, similar to academia, is struggling with data management. Although there is an obvious need for developments, such as database linking, data mining, and single-point access, the data going into these systems first must have been well-managed through the research cycle. If we expect to make progress in materials data, data manageAmerican Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 ment and data sharing must be stressed. Education is key to success, but stakeholders in the field must take a step back to examine the culture, ask questions, and work to understand why this topic has gone unaddressed for so long. Considerations Many issues must be considered as the community of researchers, administrators, and technical and information professionals work toward development of support systems and standardized practices. Although the scope of this article is limited, the following are examples of tough questions that should encourage thought and conversation. There is no \"solution\" to research data management as a whole-rather it is the importance of making incremental improvements. These questions should make stakeholders think how solutions may affect their research or the support provided to researchers. • Why would tenure-track faculty members (or any faculty member) focus time and effort on curation of their data for purposes of sharing when they will be judged only on publications? • As researchers look toward retirement, who is responsible to gather and preserve important data that has not been shared? How can this data be used to teach students on best practices? • What incentive do graduate students have to deposit research data along with their theses? How could this requirement impact their research? • How can funding agencies encourage researchers to work with their institution\'s IT staff, librarians, and administrators to build a network of support? . What value does a graduate with a good understanding of data management bring to industry? Is the return on investment great enough for companies with robust practices to work with universities on skill development? What is the cost of not integrating data management into education? Progress Astronomy seems to be a good example when we look broadly for fields that have made the most progress. Kevin Ashley, director of the Digital Curation | www.ceramics.org Centre (DCC, Edinburgh, Scotland), spoke about the changes within astronomy recently at the University of Warsaw Center for Open Science.\" He explained that, within the field of astronomy, a major catalyst to change was the shift in the way data were captured. Once the capture of data moved from photographic films and plates to a digital form, sharing became simpler. Technology had forced the field to make decisions on issues surrounding data management and sharing. The field adopted and enforces a six-month exclusivity (in most cases) on data. After that, data is available to all researchers. In the interview, Ashley explained that this practice has enabled better research, and more publications are coming out today that are based on second-hand observations than on original observations. Curriculum development As information professionals, librarians are key players in data management. Because of their skillsets and background, librarians are often relied upon to help manage research data. This involvement is evident in the body of literature on data management and in the educational resources that have been developed. Two examples of this are the New England Collaborative Data Management Curriculum (NECDMC) and the Data Information Literacy Project. The NECDMC comprises seven modules that align with NSF\'s data management plan recommendations. It also addresses challenges that face researchers in the sciences. The curricu lum uses case studies for context and even offers documentation on how to teach courses using the material provided. The National Library of Medicine funds the project, which is available free for use under a Creative Commons (CC-BY) license. The Data Information Literacy Project is a collaboration by the libraries at Purdue University, Cornell University, University of Minnesota, and University of Oregon. The project\'s goal is to develop an infrastructure in which students are taught data information literacy (DIL) skills relevant to their discipline, 33 Advancing research through data management while helping to develop a process in which DIL curricula can be articulated within research communities. The most relevant outputs thus far include case studies at each university and a data management course. Both are available online and help lead students through the development of data management plans. The Institute of Museum and Library Science funded this project, and course materials also are available free under a CC-BY license. Within the College of Ceramics at Alfred University, the Scholes Library staff leads the conversation on research data management. The library has developed graduate seminars, integrated data management planning in coursework, and embedded services to ensure that students and faculty understand new requirements and are better equipped to meet them. A smaller support and technical infrastructure means that services cannot be developed immediately. However, the library has taken advantage of its SUNY connection in planning a path forward. Contributing to a solution There are ways that government, industry, and academia can contribute to improving data management practices. There are organizations that provide services related to research data management, including Research Data Alliance, University of California Curation Center, and Digital Curation Centre. The role of these organizations in developing data management is important. More specialized organizations, such as The American Ceramic Society, are good places to facilitate conversation. Because ACerS has members in all sectors, researchers and other stakeholders can rely on a vast pool of expertise. Development of a data management framework in materials requires the input and knowledge of various groups. If the idea of data management, whether in our own research or on a larger scale, seems daunting, we know we are not alone. In the end, however, we cannot make progress without involvement by individuals. So what can we do? Educate ourselves: Better understand best practices, look at case studies, and work to better understand new requirements. • Communicate: Talk with colleagues, students, professors, and supervisors and work to understand how others are managing data within our institutions. • Advocate: Work with our institutions\' professional staffs to develop data management training options for undergraduate and graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and research support staff. • Evaluate: Make changes to the way we manage data and work with others to improve data management practices at a local or group level. • Lead: Reach out and work with others to form a group within an organization (such as an ACerS Technical Interest Group). About the author Trevor Riley is engineering and emerging technologies librarian at Alfred University\'s Scholes Library. Contact Riley at riley@alfred.edu. References \"Require free access over the Internet to scientific journal articles arising from taxpayerfunded research,\" U.S. White House, 2012, accessed July 2015, available at <https://petitions.whitehouse.gov/petition/require-freeaccess-over-internet-scientific-journal-articlesarising-taxpayer-funded> 2\"Increasing access to the results of federally funded scientific research,\" Office of Science and Technology Policy, 2013, accessed June 2015, available at <https://www.whitehouse. gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ ostp_public_access_memo_2013.pdf> 3\"Today\'s data, tomorrow\'s discoveries,\" National Science Foundation, 2015, accessed June 2015, available at <http://www.nsf.gov/ pubs/2015/nsf15052/nsf15052.pdf> 4J. Carlson and M. Stowell-Bracke, “Data management and sharing from the perspective of graduate students and examination of the culture and practice at the water quality field station,\" portal: Libraries and the Academy, 13 [4] 343-61 (2013). 5\"Research data management: Principles, practices, and prospects,\" Council on Library and Information Resources, 2013, accessed June 2015, available at <http://www.clir.org/ pubs/reports/pub 160/pub 160.pdf> 6A. Diekema, A Wesolek, and C. D. Walters, \"The NSF/NIH effect: Surveying the effect of data management requirements on faculty, sponsored programs, and institutional repositories,\" The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 40, 322-31 (2014). 7Y. Kim and P. Zhang, “Understanding data sharing behaviors of STEM researchers: The roles of attitudes, norms, and data repositories,\" Library and Information Science Research, 37 [3] 189-200 (2015). \"Openness should be the default for all research data: Maciej Chojnowski in conversation with Mark Parsons,\" Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modeling at the University of Warsaw, 2015, accessed September 2015, available at <https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=3huPI2DJIEQ> 9\"E-Ceramics 2012: The availability, qual ity, and location of ceramic property data,\" Department of Defense, 2012, accessed July 2015, available at <https://ceramics.org/wpcontent/uploads/2013/03/00-ceramic-datareport.pdf> 1ºC.H. Ward, J.A. Warren, and R.J. Hanisch, \"Making materials science and engineering data more valuable research products,\" Integrating Materials and Manufacturing Innovation, 3 [22] (2014). 11\"Benefits for society comes when you open the data up and allow its exploration: Maciej Chojnowski in conversation with Dr. Kevin Ashley,\" Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modeling at the University of Warsaw, 2015, accessed September 2015, available at <https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=6H_Eu5r23ec> More data management @ ceramics.org • White House calls for increased access to federally funded research results ceramics.org/white-house-calls • NIST issues report on MGI workshop addressing data and standards ceramics.org/nist-issues-report • Data drives engineering of ceramics; workshop asks \'how well?\' ceramics.org/data-drives-engineering-of-ceramics 34 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 REGISTER TODAY! ceramics.org/mcare2016 MATERIALS CHALLENGES IN ALTERNATIVE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY April 17-21, 2016 Hilton Clearwater Beach Clearwater, Fla., USA Materials Challenges in Alternative Renewable Energy (MCARE 2016), addresses emerging materials for a sustainable global society. The event brings together leading global experts from universities, industry, research and development laboratories, and government agencies to collaboratively communicate materials technologies that advance affordable, sustainable, environmentally friendly, and renewable energy conversion technologies. Make plans to attend this unique conference - register today! The technical program features plenary and invited talks, thematically-focused technical sessions, and poster presentations, enabling delegates to network and exchange ideas with professional peers and acclaimed experts. S1 Functional Materials for Photoelectrochemical and Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production S2 Spectral Conversion Materials for Energy Applications S3 Ferroelectrics and Multiferroics for Energy Applications S4 Material Challenges in Nuclear Energy $5 Materials Challenges in Fuel Cells S6 Critical Materials for Energy S7 Emerging Materials for Next Generation Photovoltaics S8 Self-Power Generators S9 Direct Thermal-to-Electrical Energy Conversion Materials and Applications S10 Batteries and Energy Storage S11 Hydrogen Materials and Economy S12 Global Young Scientist Forum: Nanomaterials for Energy Organized by: The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Endorsed by: ㅎ KIChE The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers DLCM Digital Library of Ceramic Microstructures Home Search About the Project About Advanced Ceramics About Microstructural Analysis instructions for Educators Links to Resources Instructions VEL Download Credits Contact Us Featured Micrograph Welcome to the Digital Library of Ceramic Microstructures. FRACTURE SURFACE OF ALULMINA/VLS WHISKER COMPOSITE CUTTING TOOL MICROGRAPH SHOWS WHISKER PULL OUT. For additional information on this micrograph see Sample ID: 610 Click here to translate this website. KER WHISKER PULL OUT HOLES VEL Click to Download the Virtual Experiments Laboratory (VEL) Copyright 2003, University of Dayton Angs sened Online treasure troveDigital Library of Ceramic Microstructures Glass By Chadwick Barklay University of Dayton Research Institute\'s free online library contains more than 900 micrographs of ceramic materials. Nepheline Corundum Mullite Brick 200 μm Cathodoluminescence image showing the microstructure of a reaction layer containing needlelike alumina crystals (red) and nepheline (blue) formed by the reaction between glass and mullite brick. T A Perticpeat in NSDL he University of Dayton Research Institute (UDRI) has studied the behavior of glass and crystalline ceramic materials since the 1960s. Currently, UDRI maintains one of largest and most comprehensive libraries of ceramic microstructures in its Digital Library of Ceramic Microstructures (DLCM). DLCM is an interactive archive of microstructures for functional ceramics, with emphasis on materials used for structural, electronic, and thermal applications. Originally, DLCM was funded. by the National Science Foundation and was intended for use by educators and researchers in the field of ceramic materials. The three main objectives were to illustrate the role of microstructure in dictating macroscopic properties; highlight changes in microstructures resulting from degradation processes, such as corrosion, creep, oxidation, and dielectric breakdown; and enable virtual measurements of selected properties. Credit: DLCM screen shot 36 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 111 200 BORON NITRIDE (BN) LAYER MgO CRYSTAL B-ALO 200 μm Cathodoluminescence showing brilliant blue and green colors of ẞ-alumina crystals in fusion-cast Monofrax CS-3 refractory block. Nepheline MgO <110> Zone BN/MgO {110} Interface in <110> Orientation 10 nm High-resolution electron micrograph of epitaxial boron nitride on a magnesia single crystal. The electron diffraction pattern shows the characteristic halite (cubic) crystal structure for magnesia. DLCM contains more than 900 digital images and provides a broad spectrum of microstructural images of a variety of functional ceramics as-fabricated and after extended use. Relationships can be established between material properties and associated microstructural features-such as grain size and shape, phase distribution, and properties of constituent phases-by integrating key macroscopic properties with selected micrographs. Images that illustrate changes in microstructure after extended use also enable better understanding of typical degradation processes, such as corrosion, creep, oxidation, dielectric breakdown, slow crack growth, delamination, and phase instability. Finally, the ability to conduct virtual measurements related to microstructure characterization, oxidation, and mechanical properties allows students to generate data sets that can be used to demonstrate and validate fundamental models describing these effects. Because new materials are discovered and developed every year, the worldwide ceramics community is welcome to provide candidate micrographs and associated data for inclusion into the online database. Images submitted for inclusion in DLCM can be obtained by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, cathode luminescence microscopy, or other techniques. Each submitted image should include information on the preparation and properties of each material sample. In the near future, DLCM staff will post on its website updated guidelines for submitting images. The DLCM website has information on how to use the site and display images, and it includes a search routine for selecting photomicrographs taken from ceramics with specific properties. In addition, several virtual experiments can be conducted while using the DLCM by downloading the Virtual Experiments Laboratory program, which is a free resource. Virtual experiments available in DLCM include hardness, fracture toughness, elastic modulus, failure probability, and slow crack growth behavior. DLCM is maintained by the Advanced High-Temperature Materials Group at UDRI, and it can be accessed at dlcm.udri.udayton.edu/home.asp. DLCM was the creation of two late ACerS Fellows-Roger R. Wills and Credit: DLCM α-ALO pore B-ALO 200 μm Cathodoluminescence image of a postmortem Monofrax H refractory after 9.5 years of service, showing formation of α-alumina (red) crust from ẞ-alumina (green). Nepheline (blue) is formed because of the reaction of silica dust with ẞ-alumina. Nepheline Glass 200 μm Transmitted light photomicrograph of a nepheline stone in TV-panel display glass. The glass is potassium sodium barium silicate, and the stone developed as a result of reaction between refractory alumina and the glass. Note that the nepheline stone consists of small dendrites. Mattison K. Ferber. The ongoing use of the library by the scientific and education communities is a testament to their individual legacies and dedication to the process of scientific discovery. About the author Chadwick Barklay is distinguished research scientist and group leader at UDRI. Contact Barklay at chadwick. barklay@udri.dayton.edu. Credit: DLCM Credit: DLCM American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 37 Credit: DLCM MS&T15 MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY MSSTS Vit the Ceramographic Exhibit and Competition (Credit for all photos: ACerS.) Highlights from MS&T15 and ACerS 117th Annual Meeting ACers award lectures C The ACers lounge was the place to see and be seen at MS&T15. olumbus, Ohio welcomed MS&T to the heart of the Midwest and the Columbus Con_vention Center Oct. 4–8. More than 3,200 materials scientists, engineers, vendors, and students attended. Almost 700 travelled from abroad for the conference, and nearly 800 were students. ACers held its 117th Annual Meeting and president Kathleen Richardson reported on the state of the Society and progress on its initiatives over the year (see full report on p. 21). Incoming president Mrityunjay (Jay) Singh assisted Richardson at the awards banquet to elevate three members to Distinguished Life Member status, honor 16 members to the 2015 Class of Fellows, and present other Society awards to distinguished members. As this conference and Annual Meeting fade into memory, organizers already have their sights set on MS&T16 and the 118th Annual Meeting, set for Oct. 23-27, 2016, in Salt Lake City, Utah. We look forward to seeing you then! 38 MS&T Sylvia Johnson, Edward Orton Jr. Memorial Lecture winner, presents her plenary talk \"Space: The materials frontier.\" Arun Varshneya delivers the Friedberg Lecture to a packed room at MS&T15. Yuichi Ikuhara Sosman lecturer with his wife Yumi Ikuhara. Delbert E. DayRustum Roy Frontiers of Science and Society Lecturer. John Mauro Fulrath Award lecturer. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 00 ACerS Annual Meeting and awards banquet Alex Cozzi accepts the NICE Greaves-Walker award on behalf of Diane Folz and sends a selfie to share the moment with her. Student activities and scenes at MS&T Jay Singh congratulates Arun Varshneya (left) on receiving the Freidberg Lecture Award. 2015 Class of Fellows. PCSA outreach committee chair Brian Donovan performs a superconductor demonstration for young students during the MS&T15 Materials Camp. ACerS past-president Kathleen Richardson (right corner) spends time with the President\'s Council of Student Advisors. development EO resources Beautiful and tough mugs. Kimberly Campbell (left) brought the most aesthetic mug, while Michael Hu (right) aimed for a durable design with his winning mug. Theresa Davey was one of the winners in the first-annual #PinYourACerSPride competition, in which attendees received collectible buttons for going to select ACerS events. The exhibition hall was full of expert demonstrations that caught the attention of conference attendees. See you in Salt Lake City, Utah October 23 - 27, 2016 MS&T16 MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY See you next year! American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 39 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 2016 January 20-22, 2016 | DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando at Sea World Orlando | Florida USA Electronic Materials and Applications 2016 addresses emerging needs, opportunities, and key challenges in the field of electronic materials and applications. Technical presentations highlight advancements in materials and devices for electronics, sensors, energy generation and storage, photovoltaics, and LEDs. The January 20-22 event features 11 comprehensive symposia and plenary talks from Darrell Schlom, Cornell University; James Warren, NIST; and Thomas Detzel, Infineon Technologies Austria AG. PLENARY SPEAKERS Darrell Schlom, Herbert Fisk Johnson Professor of Industrial Chemistry, Cornell University Title: Thin-film alchemy: Using strain and dimensionality to unleash the hidden properties of oxides Abstract: Guided by theory, unparalleled properties— Schlom those of hidden ground states—are being unleashed by exploiting large strains in concert with the ability to precisely control dimensionality in epitaxial oxide heterostructures. For example, materials that are not ferroelectric or ferromagnetic in their unstrained state can be transmuted into ferroelectrics, ferromagnets, or materials that are both at the same time. Similarly, new tunable dielectrics with unparalleled performance have been created. Our studies reveal details about the microscopic growth mechanism of these phases, which are relevant to preparing multicomponent oxide heterostructures with atomic precision. A new era for multicomponent oxide materials for electronic applications is upon us-oxides by design. Warren James Warren, technical program director for materials Genomics Material Measurement Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology Title: The Materials Genome Initiative: NIST, data, and open science Abstract: This talk will present an overview of the Materials Genome Initiative, covering the current and planned efforts across the Federal government. After an overview that provides insight into communityled activities, Warren will discuss attempts at NIST to address some of the challenges to creating the materials innovation infrastructure that lies at the heart of the Materials Genome Initiative. In particular, NIST is now devoting considerable effort, in concert with its partners in industry, academia and government, to develop tools, standards, and techniques for establishing model and data exchange infrastructure, establishing best practices and new methods for ensuring data and model quality, and developing big data analytics to enable \"data-driven\" materials science. To properly address these problems involves a deeper examination of the nature of materials data. In particular, the essential linkage between models and measurements implies that many conceptual challenges with materials data can be most efficiently resolved using methods that address the role of materials models as the core concept of the scientific method. This insight and associated examinations of the manner in which we collect and disseminate data are keys to overcoming the impediments to a materials innovation infrastructure. Detzel Thomas Detzel, senior manager GaN Technology Development, Infineon Technologies Austria AG Title: Power semiconductors Abstract: Power semiconductors have become key innovation drivers in many technological areas of modern society. Efficient generation and use of electricity will be crucial to supply a growing population with electric power while preserving natural resources. Modern power semiconductors ensure feeding electricity from renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind, into the grid with low losses and provide efficient voltage conversion up to the point 40 40 of use in any electrical appliance. In addition, power devices render cars more fuel-efficient and enable electric mobility as well as advanced public transportation based on electric traction. This plenary talk will provide a deeper insight into various technologies, products, and applications of advanced power semiconductors. The main goal of power semiconductor research is reduction of area-specific on-state resistance and switching losses as well as increasing corresponding breakdown voltage. A particular focus will be on novel semiconductor materials, such as gallium nitride (GaN), required for revolutionary developments aiming at ever-increasing power density and efficiency. The main benefit of the wide band gap semiconductor GaN originates from its high electrical breakdown field and superior electron mobility compared to silicon, allowing very compact and fast switching devices. The advantageous use of GaN and its exciting material development will be discussed. MEETING APP Put the final program in the palm of your hand. Scan the QR code to download the EMA 2016 app and gain access to your personal conference schedule, the technical program, and local restaurants. Bookmark the site or add a link to your home screen. Build or edit your schedule, then sync it with your Google calendar. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 SCHEDULE Tuesday, January 19 Registration Wednesday, January 20 Registration Plenary session I - Darrell Schlom, Cornell University Coffee break Concurrent technical sessions Lunch on own Student award finalist presentations Concurrent technical sessions Coffee break Poster session & reception 5:00 p.m. 6:30 p.m. 7:30 a.m.-6:00 p.m. 8:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 10:00a.m. 10:00 a.m. 12:30 p.m. 12:30 p.m.-2:00 p.m. 12:45 p.m. - 1:50 p.m. 2:00 p.m.-5:30 p.m. 3:30 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 5:30 p.m.- 7:30 p.m. BSD Tutorial: Structure and Kinetics 7:45 p.m.-9:45 p.m. ceramics.org/ema2016 of Interfaces in Ceramics Thursday, January 21 9:30 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 12:30 p.m. 12:30 p.m.-2:00 p.m. 12:45 p.m.-1:45 p.m. Registration 7:30 a.m.-5 - 5:30 p.m. Plenary session II - James Warren, NIST Coffee break 8:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. Concurrent technical sessions Lunch on own Student award finalist presentations Concurrent technical sessions 2:00 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. 3:30 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 5:30 p.m.-6:30 p.m. 7:00 p.m.-9:00 p.m. Coffee break YP Reception Conference dinner Friday, January 22 Registration Plenary session III - Thomas Detzel, Infineon 7:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m. 8:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. Coffee break Concurrent technical sessions Lunch on own Concurrent technical sessions Coffee break Failure The Greatest Teacher 9:30 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 12:30 p.m. 12:30 p.m.-2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. 3:30 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 5:45 p.m. 6:45 p.m. FAILURE—THE GREATEST TEACHER The vast majority of scientific literature and conference talks report positive results, but there is a lot to be learned from negative results and missteps as well. Hear recognized leaders in the field discuss failure and perhaps recount some of their most spectacular learning experiences during a frank and friendly discussion in a relaxed atmosphere. Speakers and audience alike are encouraged to check their egos at the door for this event that has become an EMA highlight. DOUBLETREE BY HILTON ORLANDO AT SEA WORLDⓇ CONFERENCE HOTEL 10100 International Drive, Orlando, FL 32821 407-352-1100 800-327-0363 Fax: 407-352-2632 Rate: Single/double/triple/quad - $149.00 SPONSORS 3M M TO KJ GROUP American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org Nanotechnologie or Integrated Center for in CINT Sandia Los Alamos RADIANT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 41 January 24-29, 2016 40 Jubilee Celebration! Hilton Daytona Beach Resort and Ocean Center | Daytona Beach, Florida USA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES Organized by the Engineering Ceramics Division of The American Ceramic Society ceramics.org/icacc2016 The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Engineering Ceramics Division Aizen ICACC\'16 showcases cutting-edge research and product developments in advanced ceramics, armor ceramics, solid oxide fuel cells, ceramic coatings, bioceramics, and more. The technical program consists of 14 symposia, six focused sessions, and the 5th Global Young Investigator Forum. The technical program and industry expo provide an open forum for scientists, researchers, engineers, and industry leaders from around the world to present and exchange findings on recent ceramic science and technology advances. A special 40th Jubilee Symposium will celebrate this anniversary and honor those who have contributed to its success. There are many exciting events taking place in honor of the 40th anniversary. AWARD AND PLENARY SPEAKERS MUELLER AWARD Wadsworth Jeffrey Wadsworth, president and chief executive officer, Battelle Memorial Institute Title: Challenges and opportunities for 21st century research & development PLENARY SPEAKER Sanjay M. Correa, vice president, GE Aviation Title: SiC-SiC ceramic-matrix composites in jet engines MEETING APP Put the final program in the palm of your hand. Scan the QR code to download the ICACC\'16 app and gain access to your personal conference schedule, the technical program, and local restaurants. Bookmark the site or add a link to your home screen. Build or edit your schedule, then sync it with your Google calendar. BRIDGE BUILDING AWARD Hai-Doo Kim, president, Korean Institute of Materials Science Title: From idea to product: Sustainable cycle Correa ECD GLOBAL YOUNG INVESTIGATOR AWARD Surojit Gupta, assistant professor, University of North Dakota Title: On the design of novel structural materials for multifunctional applications Kim Gupta PLENARY SPEAKER Maier Joachim Maier, director, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart; head, department of Physical Chemistry of Solids Title: Function through defects: From ceramics to electrochemistry JOIN US FOR THE 40TH JUBILEE CELEBRATION OF ICACC! See all the celebratory events at: Ceramics.org/ICACC40thjubilee. TECHNICAL PROGRAM SPONSORS ε imagination at work. WILEY Fraunhofer IKTS FCRI Rauschert 42 HYSITRON TAMURÁ Applied Ceramic Technology Battelle The Business of Innovation www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 ICACC\'16 EXPO PREVIEW Exhibit dates: January 26-27, 2016 AdValue Technology LLC Booth No. 322 A leading supplier of high-temperature ceramic products made of alumina, fused quartz, sapphire, and zirconia. Products include crucibles, tubes and rods, plates and disks, sample pans for thermal analysis, cuvettes, and various custom components. AdValue also carries cerium oxide polishing powder and other lab supplies, such as agate mortar. sales@advaluetech.com | advaluetech.com Ph: 520-514-1100 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Alfred University Booth No. 315 Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering/New York State College of Ceramics at Alfred University offers B.S. and M.S. degrees in ceramic engineering, glass, biomaterials, materials science and engineering, and electrical and mechanical engineering. The school also offers Ph.D. degrees in ceramics, glass, and materials science and short courses for ceramics and glass professionals. Alfred conducts research in glass, ceramics, and biomaterials and offers analytical services. wightman@alfred.edu | www.engineering.alfred.edu Ph: 607-871-2425 AVS Inc. Booth No. 307 AVS specializes in design, engineering, fabrication, and complete integration of custom furnaces. AVS specializes in applications involving combinations of high temperatures to 2,400°C, vacuum to 10-6 torr, and gas pressures up to 3,000 psig (200 bar) and manufactures furnaces that include hydraulic hot pressing from 5 tons to more than 1,000 tons of force, complex gas controls (such as MIM and CVD), and combination debinding/sintering furnaces. Some AVS furnace applications involve induction heating, but most utilize either graphite or metal resistance heating. sales@avsinc.com | www.avsinc.com Ph: 978-772-0710 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ C-Therm Technologies Ltd. Booth No. 220 Simplifying thermophysical property testing of materials. C-Therm provides user-friendly solutions for thermal expansion and shrinkage analysis via dilatometry and non-destructive thermal conductivity testing for solids, liquids, powders, and pastes. In addition to product information, C-Therm\'s website provides application papers, webinars, videos, and more. www.ctherm.com ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ CM Furnaces Inc. Booth No. 311 LITHOZ CM Furnaces offers units of standard design and construction as well as specialized custom units. The company manufactures a complete line of laboratory furnaces in all configurations, including box and tube furnaces, ranging from 1,000°C to 2,000°C. These are available in air, inert, and reducing atmospheres. CM also offers production furnaces and 1,700°C batch, hydrogen, and box furnaces. info@cmfurnaces.com | www.cmfurnaces.com Ph: 973-338-6500 ܀ ܀ ܀ Dorst America Booth No. 301 Dorst Technologies provides state-of-the-art solutions for your ceramic forming needs whether you need to dry press (mechanical, hydraulic, and electric presses), isostatic press, pressure cast, or extrude. Technology-leading spray-drying solutions also are available. Dorst provides support for customers in training and all areas of equipment support. gwallis@dorstamerica.com | www.dorst.de Ph: 610-317-2000 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ American Isostatic Presses Inc. Booth No. 101 AIP offers a complete line of hot and cold isostatic presses, including rapid-automated, bottomloaded systems. ASME, KGS, PED, and SELO approved pressure vessels have CE certification. Industry-leading computer control software and interchangeable furnaces allow extremely reliable operation. Standard units support temperatures to 2,200°C and pressures to 400 MPa, with extended ranges offered in custom designs. AIP also offers toll HIP processing at three locations in the United States. corcutt@aiphip.com | aiphip.com Ph: 614-497-3148 Amteco Inc. Booth No. 210 ܀ ܀ Amteco specializes in materials testing equipment design, manufacturing, and sales. The company is dedicated to providing customer-focused systems for the dynamic materials testing environment. info@amtecoincorporated.com | amtecoincorporated.com Ph: 513-217-4430 Centorr Vacuum Industries Inc. Booth No. 200 Centorr Vacuum Industries manufactures vacuum/ controlled-atmosphere furnaces for sintering, debinding, and heat treatment of advanced ceramics (SIC, SiN, AIN, BN, and BC), refractory metals, and hardmetals. Available in laboratory/production sizes to 3,000°C with graphite or refractory metal hot zones and optional Sweepgas binder-removal system. plennon@centorr.com | www.centorr.com Ph: 603-595-7233 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Ceramics Expo 2016 Booth No. 103 Taking place April 26-28, 2016, I-X Center, Cleveland, Ohio, Ceramics Expo 2016 is the manufacturing tradeshow for ceramic materials and technologies. Expect a showcase for raw materials, equipment, technology, and support services used throughout the ceramic manufacturing supply chain, gain insight into market trends and supplier innovations, and network with the industry\'s executives and technical leaders. Ceramics Expo offers you the opportunity to exchange ideas and establish connections that position your company as an industry leader. adam.moore@smartershows.com | ceramicsexpousa.com Ph: +44-1273-916-300 Element Materials Technology Booth No. 222 With more than 180 years of experience, Element performs mechanical testing of ceramic-matrix composites (CMCS) using standard methods and customized procedures. Common CMC test methods include cyclic fatigue, creep, and rupture testing along with compression, shear, flexural, and tensile properties. Its CMC Center of Excellence in Cincinnati is accredited to ISO 17025 by A2LA and is Nadcap accredited for AC7122 nonmetallic materials testing. rob.long@element.com | element.com Ph: 513-984-4112 ESL ElectroScience Booth No. 204 ܀ ESL ElectroScience specializes in providing solutions to enable customers to take technologies from concept through high-volume production using thick-film pastes and ceramic tapes. ESL products can be found in hybrid microcircuits, multilayer microelectronics, transformers, thick-film heaters, sensors, and fuel cells. Itimko@electroscience.com | electroscience.com Ph: 610-272-8000 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 43 Feel Good Inc. Booth No. 402 Exhibit dates: January 26-27, 2016 ICACC\'16 EXPO PREVIEW Feel Good provides TENS units for managing pain. They can sooth tired hands and arms, sore muscles, or even an overworked brain. Stay focused and alert at work and never come home tired. FDA-cleared portable units are noninvasive and safe for use at home or at work. Come see Feel Good at booth 402 for a free massage. mackenzie@feelgoodinc.org | HiDow.com Ph: 407-413-5481 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Florida Institute of Technology Booth No. 412 Florida Institute of Technology Continuing Education provides job skills training, career enhancement, and professional enrichment training to the local, state, national, and international community in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, business, and humanities. FIT has partnered with ACerS to offer an innovative certificate series of short courses in biomedical engineering with Dr. Larry Hench. pdpregistration@fit.edu | fit.edu/biomedical-professional Ph: 321-674-8382 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Fritsch Milling and Sizing Booth No. 117 Fritsch is an internationally-respected German manufacturer of application-oriented laboratory instruments. Instruments are used worldwide for particle size reduction, sample prepartion, materials science, product development, and particle analysis for fast-paced industrial process monitoring and critical applications in QA, QC, and R&D. Particle sizes extend down into the nano-range. melissa@fritsch-us.com | fritsch-us.com Ph: 412-559-8840 is a leading provider in key market segments and consists of five divisions: Tungsten Powders; Tantalum/Niobium Powders; Surface Technology & Ceramic Powders; Fabricated Products; and Advanced Ceramic Components. info@hcstarck.com | www.hcstarck.com Ph: 617-630-4857 ܀ ܀ Haiku Tech Inc. Booth No. 313 Haiku Tech offers tape-casting and coating equipment as well as stackers, isostatic laminators, and materials for the development and manufacturing of multilayer ceramic products, including solid oxide fuel cells. Haiku also offers prototyping and consulting services to develop tape-casting formulations for standard or customized ceramic powders. sales@haikutech.com | www.haikutech.com Ph: 305-463-9304 ܀ ܀ ܀ Harper International Booth No. 317 * ܀ Harper International is a global leader in the design of complete thermal processing solutions and technical services for the production of advanced materials, including custom-designed rotary, pusher, and belt conveyor furnaces. Harper\'s experience spans a range of engineering ceramics, including designing for the production of silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, boron nitride, and aluminas. Harper kilns are widely used to calcine powders and sinter components, such as thermistors, varistors, and monolithic and multilayer capacitors. Its focus is enabling customers with furnace technologies that incorporate improved flexibility, operating efficiencies, and equipment control to help scale up production rates successfully. info@harperintl.com | www.harperintl.com Ph: 716-276-9900 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Linseis Inc. Booth No. 202 Linseis manufactures thermal analysis instruments, including DTA, TGA, STA, DSC, dilatometry, xenon flash and laser flash thermal conductivity systems, and Seebeck coefficient/electrical resistivity instruments. r.ansel@linseis.com | www.linseis.com Ph: 609-223-2070 Lithoz GmbH Booth No. 323 ܀ ܀ ܀ Lithoz is the system provider for additive manufacturing (3-D-printing) of high-performance ceramics. As a technology provider, Lithoz covers the whole process chain-from development of the machine to the materials and up to the application. Lithoz developed LCM technology, a slurry-based additive manufacturing technology based on photopolymerization. LCM has very high resolution and very good reproducibility and allows production of finely delicate structures and details directly from CAD data. mhoma@lithoz.com | lithoz.com Ph: +43-660-7665570 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ MEL Chemicals Booth No: 304 MEL Chemicals is a global manufacturer and supplier of high-quality zirconium-based chemicals. Product range consists of zirconium oxides, including ready-to-press yttria- and magnesiadoped grades, nanomaterials, and ZTA for advanced ceramic applications in structural, dental, medical, and catalysis applications and in sensors and SOFCS. MEL also offers a range of tin oxides and doped tin oxides for ceramic and advanced applications. pjones@melchemicals.com | zrchem.com Ph: 908-782-5800 ܀ ܀ * ܀ ܀ ܀ * ܀ ܀ ܀ Gasbarre Products (PTX-Pentronix) Booth No. 207 Manufacturer of powder compacting presses, tooling, and industrial furnaces. Press product lines include Gasbarre mechanical and CNC hydraulic presses, Servo-electric presses, PTX-Pentronix presses and loaders, and Simac dry-bag isostatic presses. Industrial heat-treating producers include Sinterite furnaces, C.I. Hayes furnaces, and J.L. Becker furnaces. Each equipment design is tailored to specific application for optimum performance. press-sales@gasbarre.com | www.gasbarre.com Ph: 814-371-3015 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ H.C. Starck North American Trading LLC Booth No. 305 The H.C. Starck Group is a leading global supplier of high-performance powders and components made of technology metals and advanced ceramics. The group operates 15 production facilities in Europe, America, and Asia and serves growing industries, such as electronics, chemicals, automotive, medical technology, aerospace, energy, and environmental technology, as well as engineering companies and tool manufacturers. The company Harrop Industries Inc. Booth No. 201 Harrop designs and manufactures a complete line of continuous and periodic tape casters, dryers, burnoff ovens, and kilns to produce ceramic products for laboratory, pilot plant, and industrial applications. Heat sources can be electric or gas-fired. Microwave-assisted heating is available. Harrop also provides thermal analysis lab services and toll firing. daobrien@harropusa.com | harropusa.com Ph: 614-564-9950 ܀ ܀ Keith Company Booth No. 205 ܀ Keith engineers and manufactures batch and continuous kilns for the ceramic industry. The company has solutions for carbonizing/pyrolysis furnaces; sintering of ceramic-matrix components (CMC); pusher kilns for calcining; envelope and shuttle kilns with integrated preheater and abatement systems for debindering and sintering of ceramic membranes, including those for SOFCS; and production furnaces for manufacturing carbon nanotubes. Keith also offers standard kilns for production of traditional ceramics and advanced materials. r.fehr@keithcompany.com | keithcompany.com Ph: 562-948-3636 Microtrac Booth No. 306 Microtrac\'s S3500 line of particle-size analyzers are compact yet offer the broadest size range for analysis, from 0.02 to 3,000 microns. Instruments feature rapid wet-to-dry conversion, advanced Flex software, small footprint, and Turbotrac dry-powder feeder. Nanotrac Dynamic Light Scatter units offer nanometer sizing and zeta-potential. jay.schild@microtrac.com | microtrac.com Ph: 727-644-3127 ܀ ܀ ܀ Morgan Advanced Materials Booth No. 105-107 Morgan Advanced Materials uses a wide range of specialist, high-specification materials that have extraordinary attributes and properties. Engineered into products, these materials deliver enhanced performance, often under extreme conditions. nasales@morganplc.com | morganadvancedmaterials.com Ph: 855-809-9571 44 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 Nanoscience Instruments Booth No. 303 Nanoscience Instruments provides surface science, microscopy, and nanotechnology solutions to customers in academia, research, and industrial markets. Customers benefit from products\' ease-ofuse, user-friendly interface, and low cost of ownership. Nanoscience\'s scientists and engineers have backgrounds in chemistry, biochemistry, materials science, physics, and engineering, providing diverse support and service to help customers find the solutions they need. info@nanoscience.com | nanoscience.com Ph: 480-758-5400 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Netzsch Instruments NA LLC Booth No. 300 Netzsch supplies thermal analysis and thermal properties instrumentation; new Expedis series dilatometers for CTE and sintering studies; hightemperature TGA-DSC/DTA to 2,400°C with coupling to FTIR, MS, and GC-MS for analysis of evolved gases; laser flash analyzers for thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity to 2,800°C; highest accuracy specific heat by DSC to 1,650°C; and extensive contract testing services at its headquarters lab in Burlington, Mass. NIB-Sales@netzsch.com | netzsch.com Ph: 781-272-5353 NIST Booth No. 111-113 ܀ ܀ ܀ NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) support accurate and compatible measurements by certifying and providing more than 1,200 wellcharacterized compositions and/or properties. SRMS are used to perform instrument calibrations as part of quality assurance, accuracy of specific measurements, and support of new measurement methods. Standard reference data provides well-documented numeric data to scientists and engineers for use in technical problem solving, research, and development. diane.decker@nist.gov | nist.gov/srd Ph: 301-975-3774 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Noritake Co. Inc. Booth No. 223 Noritake is the leading industrial ceramics and materials company, with more than 100 years of experience, lessons learned, and know-how. This experience allows Noritake and its worldwide partners to share in development and innovation. New innovations include ceramics materials for fuel cells and catalysts, including SOFC applications. kawabata.cer@noritake.com | noritake.com Ph: 847-439-9020 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Oxy-Gon Industries Inc. Booth No. 214 Oxy-Gon manufactures standard and customdesign vacuum/controlled-atmosphere furnaces for demanding research and manufacturing requirements. The company offers a full array of furnace configurations, with emphasis on high-temperature and high-vacuum capabilities. Applications include ceramic studies, sintering, tensile testing, hot press, brazing, and gas purification. Oxy-Gon also supplies tungsten mesh heating elements for any brand furnace. sales@oxy-gon.com | oxy-gon.com Ph: 603-736-8422 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Powder Processing & Technology Booth No. 203 PPT performs custom contract manufacturing on a wide range of ceramic materials. The company has an extensive line of ready-to-press ferrite powders for inductive and EMI shielding applications and offers an extensive range of low-sintering-temperature powders for SMD applications. Typical processing services provided include batching, blending, calcining, wet and dry milling, spray drying, sintering, and screen classification. The company has a fully equipped pilot plant and multiple production areas. sales@pptechnology.com | www.pptechnology.com Ph: 219-462-4141 * Sonoscan Inc. Booth No. 221 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Sonoscan manufactures and develops acoustic microscope (AM) systems to nondestructively inspect and analyze materials, subassemblies, and products. The company\'s leading edge C-SAM systems provide unmatched accuracy and robustness for the inspection of products for hidden internal defects, such as poor bonding, delaminations, cracks, and voids. In addition, Sonoscan offers analytical services through regional testing laboratories in the United States, Asia, and Europe, plus educational workshops for all levels of users of AM technology. info@sonoscan.com | www.sonoscan.com Ph: 847-437-6400 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ TA Instruments Booth No. 400 Visit TA Instruments for innovative technology for thermal analysis, rheology, microcalorimetry, and thermophysical property measurements of polymers, ceramics, metals, and more. The company now offers a complete line of tools for measurements of thermal diffusivity by the flash method, thermal conductivity, and dilatometry for materials from -150°C to 2,800°C.. info@tainstruments.com | www.tainstruments.com Ph: 302-427-4000 ܀ ܀ TevTech LLC Booth No. 212 TevTech designs and manufactures custom laboratory and production vacuum furnaces and components. Its systems are used in sintering, chemical vapor deposition, heat treating, and purification applications. Celebrating 20 years in business! sales@tevtechllc.com | www.tevtechllc.com Ph: 978-667-4557 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Thermal Technology LLC Booth No. 115 Thermal Technology is a United States-based high-temperature equipment engineering and manufacturing company with more than 60 years of experience. Thermal Technology designs and manufactures standard and custom-designed spark plasma sintering and direct current sintering systems, arc furnaces, and high-temperature vacuum and controlled-atmosphere furnaces (lab and production systems). This broad product line along with Thermal Technology\'s engineering and application skills make the company a worldwide reference for high-temperature applications. Think solutions! sales@thermaltechnology.com | thermaltechnology.com Ph: 707-571-1911 ܀ * Thermal Wave Imaging Booth No. 321 Thermal Wave Imaging is an innovator and provider of state-of-the-art thermographic nondestructive testing (NDT) solutions, ranging from low-cost portable systems for field applications to highly sophisticated automated inspection equipment for manufacturing and quality assurance. Commercial systems, custom turnkey solutions, and testing and evaluation services are designed to meet critical needs of aerospace, power generation, and automotive OEMs and suppliers sales@thermalwave.com | thermalwave.com Ph: 248-414-3730 ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ Verder Scientific Inc. Booth No. 206 Verder Scientific sets the standards in high-tech scientific equipment for quality control, research, and development. The company manufactures and supplies laboratory instruments for sample preparation and heat treatment of solid materials. Comprised of the Retsch and Carbolite product brands, Verder Scientific supplies the market for sample preparation and heat treatment. info@verder-scientific.us | verder-scientific.com Ph: 866-473-8724 ܀ ܀ ܀ Washington Mills Booth No. 320 Washington Mills is one of the world\'s largest producers of abrasives and fused mineral products, offering an exceptionally wide line of standard abrasive grain and specialty electro-fused minerals from its worldwide plant locations. info@washingtonmills.com | washingtonmills.com Ph: 800-828-1666 ܀ ܀ * Zircar Ceramics Inc. Booth No. 302 ܀ Zircar Ceramics produces ceramic-fiber-based, lowmass, high-temperature thermal and electrical insulation products. Compositions are available for use at temperatures up to 1,825°C. Zircar offers rigid boards and cylinders, flexible blankets, papers, textiles, coatings, and adhesives, with special emphasis on custom precision CNC-machined components. The company has a legendary heritage in high-performance materials and customer service. sales@zircarceramics.com | zircarceramics.com Ph: 845-651-6600 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org 45 SCHEDULE HIGHLIGHTS 5TH CERAMIC LEADERSHIP SUMMIT APRIL 25-26, 2016 | CLEVELAND, OHIO WHERE BUSINESS AND MANUFACTURING MEET STRATEGY The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org The Ceramic Leadership Summit (CLS), held in conjunction with the second Ceramics Expo in Cleveland, Ohio, is a unique, first-class business meeting designed for ceramics and glass industry executives. CLS explores \"where business and manufacturing meets strategy\" along with opportunities, emerging technologies, and critical issues that challenge the ceramics and glass materials community. CLS attendees enjoy an intimate setting, discussing business challenges and networking without distraction. On the last day of CLS, attendees switch venues, joining the enthusiastic second annual Ceramics Expo at the IX Center. SUNDAY, APRIL 24 - CLEVELAND AIRPORT MARRIOT 5:00 7:00 p.m. Welcome Reception MONDAY, APRIL 25 - CLEVELAND AIRPORT MARRIOT 10:30 a.m. Noon MANUFACTURING CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 10:30-11:15 a.m. Scaling up for the production of CMCs for gas turbine engines - Matthew O\'Connell, industrialization leader, Ceramic Matrix Composites, GE Aviation - Supply Chain Division, composites value stream 8:30 8:45 a.m. CLS 2016 WELCOME Setting the stage for the 5th Ceramic Leadership Summit David W. Johnson Jr., CLS moderator, editor, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 11:15 a.m. - Noon Supply chain for innovation - Timothy Major, supply management director of science & technology, Emerging Innovations Group, Corning Inc. Noon - 1:00 p.m Networking lunch 8:45 10:15 a.m. BUSINESS INNOVATION John Nottingham Bill Nottingham 9:30 10:15 a.m. 8:45 9:30 a.m. Vertical innovation process for product and business developmentJohn and Bill Nottingham, Nottingham Spirk Creating an innovative manufacturing companyExecutive from Morgan Advanced Materials, TBA 1:00 2:45 p.m. BUSINESS CLIMATE OVERVIEW 1:00 1:45 p.m. Overview of global economy and supply chain economics - Susan Helper, special advisor to the undersecretary for economic affairs of the U.S. Department of Commerce; former chief economist, U.S. Department of Commerce; Carlton Professor of Economics at the Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University 1:45 - 2:15 p.m. How will changing demographics impact our business? - Everton H. Callum, SPHR, HR manager, Corporate Research & European Labs Science & Technology Division, Corning Inc. 46 46 2:15-2:45 p.m. Panel discussion: Demographics - Everton H. Callum, SPHR, HR manager, Corporate Research & European Labs Science & Technology Division, Corning Inc.; Dana Goski, director, research & development, Allied Mineral Products Inc.; moderator: David W. Johnson Jr., editor, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 109 Everton H. Callum Dana Goski David W. Johnson Jr. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 3:00-5:30 p.m. COMMERCIALIZATION OF TECHNOLOGY/BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 3:00 3:25 p.m. Building a team capable of executing a commercialization business plan - Keith Blakely, chairman, InVentures Group Inc. 3:25 3:50 p.m. Customers: The importance of market validation and sales channels - Vladimir Ban, CEO, PD-LD Inc. ceramics.org/cls2016 3:50 4:15 p.m. Financing the venture - Bill Payne, angel investor 8:45 9:00 a.m. Overview of White House Supply Chain Innovation Initiative - Susan Helper, special advisor to the undersecretary for economic affairs of the U.S. Department of Commerce | 4:15 – 5:00 p.m. Business acquisition strategy - David Gunderson, global business development director, Advance Ceramics Platform, 3M 5:00 5:30 p.m. Panel discussion: Business development - Keith Blakely, Vladimir Ban, Bill Payne, David Gunderson; moderator: David W. Johnson Jr. 9:00 10:15 a.m. Interactive discussion forum - All CLS attendees form into groups to address a series of questions regarding Ceramic Leadership Summit topics, including questions about the White House Supply Chain Innovation Initiative. The objective is to capture thinking of the high-powered group attending the Summit and to prepare and publish a report to disseminate to the ceramics and glass industry. ceramics expo Keith Blakely Vladimir Ban Bill Payne David Gunderson David W. Johnson Jr. 10:30 11:30 a.m. 7:00 9:30 p.m. CLS DINNER EVENT - Offsite location to be determined 8:15 9:00 p.m. A new device for a new era: An early telescopic view of innovation - Marvin Bolt, curator of science and technology, Corning Museum of Glass TUESDAY, APRIL 26 - IX CENTER 8:30 10:15 a.m. CLS EXECUTIVE FORUM 8:30-8:45 a.m. Topic review - David W. Johnson Jr., editor, Journal of the American Ceramic Society LEADERS DEBATE Main stage in Ceramics Expo - IX Center Ceramics Expo is inviting CEOs/executives from leading companies within the ceramics and glass industry to participate in an opening session debate on key issues facing the industry. HOTEL INFORMATION Cleveland Airport Marriott 4277 West 150th Street, Cleveland, OH 43135 216-252-5333 Marriott Room Rate: $129 plus tax Make reservations online at www.ceramics.org/cls2016. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org ceramics expo Founding partner The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org The IX Center, Cleveland Hopkins April 26 - 28, 2016 Airport, Cleveland, Ohio, USA join us for the second annual ceramics expo 300 exhibiting companies and thousands of attendees expected as Ceramics Expo grows from 43,000 to 95,000 sq ft! Ceramics Expo - The latest in technical ceramic and glass materials for a host of applications including energy harvesting and distribution, transportation, communication, healthcare and high temperature manufacturing along with the whole industry supply chain. register now Entrance to the expo and Conference @ Ceramics Expo is free of charge, register online to ensure your place. Expo hours Tuesday 26 April 10:00am - 6:00pm Wednesday 27 April 10:00am - 6:00pm Thursday 28 April 10:00am - 2:00pm Hotel information HQ Hotel - Cleveland Marriott Airport $129 per night -SPACE LIMITED. Complete hotel listings are available at ceramicsexpousa.com Join us here for the welcome reception Monday 25 April 5:00pm - 7:00pm sponsors: 3M Advanced Energy BANNON SOWERS & CRACKAIT ALUCHEM GEO HITACHI Inspire the Next INNOVNANO IRD.Ceramics www.ceramicsexpousa.com Flack Tek Inc GANNON & SCOTT Speed Mixer MMorgan Advanced Materials XIETA info@ceramicsexpousa.com #CEX16 onference @ceramics expo full agenda now online at ceramicsexpousa.com A free-to-attend, two track conference running within America\'s leading ceramic and glass exhibition The Conference @ Ceramics Expo is back in 2016. After outstanding reviews the format will remain the same, but in an enhanced auditorium on the show floor. This twin track conference is designed for the two attending buying groups that attend ceramics expo: ceramic and glass users / manufacturers. T1 - Ceramic and Glass Applications Insight into ceramic material property types with relevance across multiple industry sectors. Wear resistance, electrical conductivity and chemical corrosion resistance will be discussed among others. • Extreme Environments - Thermal Ceramics • Piezoelectric Materials: Energy Applications • Additive Applications • • Refractory/Advanced Refractory Optical Properties • Aesthetic Ceramics/Novelty Applications Bioceramics & Bioglasses • Medical Applications of Advanced Ceramics and Glass T2-Ceramic and Glass Manufacturing Making ceramic and glass manufacturing more consistent, of higher quality and more cost effective. Discussed under the context of the latest regulation and technologies CMC/mixing materials – An Introduction • Sustainable Manufacturing • Testing, Analytics and Quality Assurance; Non-Destructive Testing • Volume Manufacturing and Automation • Near-net Shaping / Injection Molding • Additive Manufacturing • Nano Particles / Technology • High Temperature Manufacturing Smart / Functional Glass Manufacturing join us Ceramics Expo Happy Hours Tuesday 26 April 4:30-6:00pm Wednesday 26 April 4:30 - 6:00pm Complimentary drinks and refreshments served throughout the exhibit hall HAPPY HOUR TODAY GEO BOOTH 325 new products Copper foam heat sink G oodfellow supplies microporous copper foam heat sinks that are coated with a thin, hard layer of copper oxide that dramatically increases emissivity and, therefore, passive cooling performance. The underlying microporous copper foam has pore sizes of 300-600 and a relative density of μm around 37%, providing higher surface area and lower profile than traditional copper foams. Testing by the manufacturer has shown that these heat sinks can outperform their comparable competitors by up to 6°C/W. Goodfellow Corp. (Coraopolis, Pa.) goodfellowusa.com 800-821-2870 Magneto-rheology accessory TA \'A Instruments\' new magneto-rheology accessory enables complete characterization of magneto-rheological fluids under a controlled field. Applied fields up to 1 T and a sample temperature of -10°C-170 °C make the accessory ideal for all studies of MR fluids and ferrofluids. The accessory applies a controlled field through an integrated electromagnetic coil located below the sample. This coil operates in conjunction with an upper yoke to deliver a homogeneous magnetic field that is normal to the plate surface. TA Instruments (New Castle, Del.) tainstruments.com 302-427-1033 Rata 20 30 40 50 60 Catalytic debinding system arbolite Gero\'s new EBO catalytic debinding system is a high-efficiency solution for metal injection molding and ceramic injection molding. The EBO is unique because it utilizes a water-heated vessel that ensures homogeneous debinding environments and low operational costs. The system has a low operating temperature of 120°C and uses preheated nitric acid as a debinding agent. The system is fully automatic and is able to monitor binder levels in green parts and will automatically conclude the process once all binder has been removed. Verder Scientific Inc. (Newtown, Pa.) carbolite-gero.com 866-473-8724 Micro powder injection molding eramco has added MicroPIM to molding offerings. The new technique, an extension of the company\'s near-netshaping capability, allows production of ceramic components as small as 0.05 g and in production quantities. MicroPIM utilizes many of the alumina or zirconia production formulations Ceramco currently uses for its high-volume manufacturing of larger components. MicroPIM-formed ceramic components already are found in several applications, including fiber-optic ferrules and wire bonding nozzles. Ceramco Inc. (Center Conway, N.H.) ceramcoceramics.com 603-447-2090 50 Automotive choke coil Murata\'s new PLT5BPH series of wire-wound-type common mode choke coils for power line noise suppression is capable of handling large currents (up to 5.6 A) and wide operating temperature ranges (-55°C-150°C). In addition to high performance, the PLT5BPH series is available in small case sizes. Because of benefits delivered to the power line, the series also is well suited for base station and set-top box applications. Samples of the series, which is AEC-Q200 compliant, are available. Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. (Smyrna, Ga.) murata.com 770-436-1300 Rotary batch mixer MMM unson Machinery\'s new Model MX-1-SS miniature rotary batch mixer blends up to 1 ft³ of dry bulk ingredients, with or without liquid additions, in ratios down to one part per million with total uniformity in two to three minutes. The mixer is equally efficient down to 5% of rated capacity, making it suitable for accurately determining outcomes when scaled up to larger rotary batch mixers. Munson offers six miniature mixer models in maximum batch capacities of 0.25-15 ft or 2-1,200 lbs. Munson Machinery Co. Inc. (Utica, N.Y.) munsonmachinery.com 800-944-6644 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 Oresources Calendar of events January 2016 20-22 EMA 2016: ACers Electronic Materials and Applications DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando Sea World, Orlando, Fla.; www.ceramics.org 24-29 ICACC\'16: 40th Int\'l Conference and Expo on Advanced Ceramics and Composites Hilton Daytona Beach Resort/Ocean Walk Village, Daytona Beach, Fla.; www.ceramics.org February 2016 29-31 TMS 2016: 145th Annual Meeting and Exhibition - Nashville Music City Center, Nashville, Tenn.; www.tms.org/meetings/annual-16/AM16 March 2016 6-11 ➡ Electric Field Assisted Sintering and Related Phenomena Far From Equilibrium - Tomar, Portugal; www.engconf.org/conferences 28-April 1 2016 MRS Spring Meeting and Exhibit - Phoenix Convention Center, Phoenix, Ariz.; www.mrs.org/spring2016 29-31 St. Louis/RCD 52nd Annual Symposium - Hilton St. Louis Airport Hotel, St. Louis, Mo.; www.ceramics. org/sections/st-louis-section April 2016 3-6 5th Int\'l Directionally Solidified Eutectic Ceramics Workshop: DSEC V - Warsaw, Poland; www.dsec5.com 7-11 ICG XXIV Int\'l Congress Shanghai, China; www.icglass.org 17-21 MCARE 2016: Materials Challenges in Alternative and Renewable Energy - Hilton Clearwater Beach Resort, Clearwater, Fla.; www.ceramics.org 25-29 43rd ICMCTF: Int\'l Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films - San Diego, Calif.; www2.avs. org/conferences/icmctf/ 26-28 2nd Ceramics Expo - IX Center, Cleveland, Ohio; www.ceramicsexpousa.com 26-28 5th Ceramic Leadership Summit Cleveland, Ohio; www.ceramics.org May 2016 8-11 ICCPS-13: 13th Int\'l Conference on Ceramic Processing Science Nara, Japan; unit.aist.go.jp/ifmri/tl-int/iccps13/ 10-12 78th Annual PEI Technical Forum - Louisville, Ky.; www.porcelainenamel.com 18-22 WBC2016: 10th World Biomaterials Congress - Montreal, Canada; www.wbc2016.org 22-26 Glass and Optical Materials Division Meeting 2016 - The Madison Concourse Hotel and Governor\'s Club, Madison, Wis.; www.ceramics.org/gomd2016 23-25 27th AeroMat Conference and Exposition - Meydenbauer Center, Bellevue, Washington; www.asminter national.org/web/aeromat-2016 June 2016 19-24 PDC Workshop: Membranes, Coatings, Fibers, and Composites - Boulder, Colo.; www.polymerceramics.weebly.com 26-30 HTCMC 9 and GFMAT: 9th Int\'l Conference on High-Temperature Ceramic-Matrix Composites and Global Forum on Advanced Materials and Technologies for Sustainable Development 2016 - Toronto Marriott Downtown Eaton Centre Hotel, Toronto, Canada; www.ceramics.org July 2016 5-8 12th European SOFC and SOE Form: 20th Conference in Series with Exhibition - Kultureund and Kongresszentrum Lucerne, Switzerland; www.EFCF.com 10-13 3rd Int\'l Congress on 3D Materials Science 2016 - Pheasant Run Resort, St. Charles, III.; www.tms. org/meetings/2016/3DMS2016 17-21 6th Int\'l Conference on Recrystallization and Grain Growth Omni William Penn Hotel, Pittsburgh, Pa.; www.tms.org/meetings/2016/ ReXGG2016 25-26 Diversity in the Minerals, Metals, and Materials Professions Northwestern University, Evanston, III.; www.tms.org/meetings/2016/ diversity2016 August 2016 21-23 ICC6: Int\'l Congress on Ceramics - Dresden, Germany; www.icc-6.com September 2016 5-9 ESG 2016/SGT100: Society of Glass Technology Conference Sheffield, U.K.; www.sgt.org October 2016 23-27 MS&T16, combined with ACerS 118th Annual Meeting - Salt Lake City, Utah; www.ceramics.org; www.matscitech.org January 2017 18-20 EMA 2017: ACerS Electronic Materials and Applications DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando Sea World, Orlando, Fla.; www.ceramics.org 22-27 ICACC\'17: 41st Int\'l Conference and Expo on Advanced Ceramics and Composites - Hilton Daytona Beach Resort/Ocean Walk Village, Daytona Beach, Fla.; www.ceramics.org Dates in RED denote new entry in this issue. Entries in BLUE denote ACerS events. denotes meetings that ACerS cosponsors, endorses, or otherwise cooperates in organizing. 51 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 classified advertising Career Opportunities Technical Manager sought by Capital Refractories Inc., Birmingham, AL with deg &/or exp. in refractories industry. Reqs 75%+ travel to work at various client sites in unanticipated locations in the US, Canada, internationally. May telecommute. Resume to office@capital-refractories.com. Ref “TM” Business Services consulting/engineering services DELKIC & ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL CERAMIC CONSULTANTS QUALITY EXECUTIVE SEARCH, INC. Recruiting and Search Consultants Specializing in Ceramics JOE DRAPCHO 24549 Detroit Rd. ⚫ Westlake, Ohio 44145 (440) 899-5070 Cell (440) 773-5937 www.qualityexec.com E-mail: qesinfo@qualityexec.com • • Worldwide Services • Energy Saving Ceramic Coatings & Fiber Modules • FERIZ DELKIĆ Ceramic Engineer P.O. 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OSHA 10-hour Industrial Outreach Safety Course Capital for High Growth Startups Instabilities in Glass ⚫ Nucleation, Growth and Crystallization in Glasses-Fundamentals and Applications Online tools ⚫ ACerS-NIST Phase Equilibria Diagrams database ACerS Bulletin archive Technical Publications from ACerS - Wiley ceramics.org/learning The Reliability, Competence & Innovation.... 110+ Years Designing and Manufacturing Technical Ceramic Components Oxide & Non-Oxide Materials TRADITION PROGRESS INNOVATION Visit us at: www.rauschert.com Machining of Advanced Ceramics Since 1959 BMS American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org ITAR Registered Celebrating 3 Generations of Service 617-628-3831 jannese@bomas.com mannese@bomas.com www.bomas.com Somerville, MA 02143 BOMAS MACHINE SPECIALTIES, INC. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 62 52 SONIC-MILL MACHINING THE UNMACHINABLE Your best source for: Multi-Hole Drilling-Ideal for gas discharge plates used in plasma etching and related applications. Whether it\'s ten holes or thousands of holes, we machine them perfectly and precisely. Deep-Hole Drilling-Ideal for optical fiber preforms and similar applications. We can drill high-quality, pre-polished, long, deep holes in most technical ceramics and glass materials. Machine Sales-Acquire your own drilling capabilities when you invest in Sonic-MillⓇ sinker or rotary ultrasonic drilling equipment, custom suited to your manufacturing applications. Located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA 505.839.3535 www.sonicmill.com . • • . 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Ceramic/Materials Engineer, Research Engineer, Ceramics Instructor, Plant Manager, Maintenance Supervisor, Ceramic Salesperson, Glass Technologist, Furnace Designer, Kiln Superintendent, Ceramic Machine Shop Supervisor, Used Equipment... Place Your Ad in the Bulletin\'s Classified 54 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 ADINDEX *Find us in ceramicSOURCE 2016 Buyer\'s Guide JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2016 www.advaluetech.com www.ceramics.org DISPLAY ADVERTISER AdValue Technology* American Ceramic Society, The American Chemet Corporation* American Elements* Deltech Inc.* Gasbarre Products (PTX Pentronix) Harrop Industries Inc.* I Squared R Element Co. Inc.* www.chemet.com www.americanelements.com www.harropusa.com www.isquaredrelement.com www.mo-sci.com www.netzsch.com Mo-Sci Corp.* Netzsch Instruments North America LLC+ Superior Graphite Co.* TA Instruments* Winner Technology Co. Ltd. www.deltechfurnaces.com www.gasbarre.com AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY Obulletin 17 5, 23, 29, 35, 52, 55 Inside Back Cover Outside Back Cover 15 13 Inside Front Cover 15 7 9 www.superiorgraphite.com 19 www.tainstruments.com www.winnertechnology.co.kr 11 17 CLASSIFIED & BUSINESS SERVICES ADVERTISER Capitol Refractories, Inc. www.harropusa.com Call for Book Authors and A Editors CerS-Wiley seeks new authors or volume editors for textbooks, handbooks, or reference books on ceramics and glass related topics. Examples topics include, and are not limited to: oxides, non-oxides, composites, environmental and energy issues; fuel cells; ceramic armor; nanotechnology; glass and optical materials; electronic/functional ceramic technology and applications; advanced ceramic materials; bioceramics; ceramic engineering, manufacturing, processing, and usage; ceramic design and properties; and health and safety. Authors and editors of new, original books receive royalties on worldwide sales of their books, while editors of proceedings volumes receive complimentary copies of their books. In addition, all authors and editors are entitled to a discount on Wiley books. To learn more or to share an idea, please contact: Anita Lekhwani Senior Acquisitions Editor John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 Tel: 201-748-7740 Advanced Ceramic Technology www.advancedceramictech.com 53 Bomas Machine Specialties Inc. www.bomas.com 52 office@capital-refractories.com 52 Centorr/Vacuum Industries Inc.* www.centorr.com/cb 54 Ceradyne, a 3M Company* www.3m.com/ceradyne 53 Delkic & Associates 904-285-0200 52 Detroit Process Machinery www.detroitprocessmachinery.com 54 Geller Microanalytical Laboratory Inc. www.gellermicro.com 54 Harper International Corp.* www.harperintl.com 53 Harrop Industries Inc.* 53, 54 JTF Microscopy Services Inc. www.jtfmicroscopy.com 53 111 River Street Mohr Corp.* Netzsch Instruments North America, LLC* PPT - Powder Processing & Technology, LLC Quality Executive Search Inc.* Rauschert Technical Ceramics Inc. Sem-Com Company Sonic Mill Specialty Glass Inc. West Penn Testing Group Zircar Zirconia Inc. www.sonicmill.com www.sgiglass.com www.westpenntesting.com www.zircarzirconia.com www.mohrcorp.com 54 www.netzsch.com 54 Fax: 201-748-8888 www.pptechnology.com 53 www.qualityexec.com 52 Technical Content Manager www.rauschert.com 52 www.sem-com.com 53 53 53 54 52 E-mail: alekhwan@wiley.com Greg Geiger The American Ceramic Society 600 N. Cleveland Ave., Suite 210 Westerville, Ohio 43082 Tel: 614-794-5858 Fax: 614-794-5882 E-mail: ggeiger@ceramics.org The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Advertising Sales Mona Thiel, National Sales Director mthiel@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5834 fx: 614-891-8960 Europe Richard Rozelaar media@alaincharles.com ph: 44-(0)-20-7834-7676 fx: 44-(0)-20-7973-0076 Advertising Assistant Marianna Bracht mbracht@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5826 fx: 614-794-5842 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 95, No. 1 | www.ceramics.org WILEY 55 56 O deciphering the discipline A monthly column offering the student perspective of the next generation of ceramic and glass scientists, organized by the ACerS Presidents Council of Student Advisors (PCSA). Charles Smith Guest columnist Embracing research and all its difficulties As scientists and engineers, we inherently live in a world of unknown-we investigate and explain phenomena that are not yet understood. This is what makes a career in science so rewarding. However, it certainly brings along challenges as well. As a graduate student pursuing a Ph.D. in materials science, I am often reminded that \"if it was easy, everyone would do it.\" The important message of this adage is to not focus on difficulties associated with working in technical fields, but to focus on opportunities that those difficulties afford. It also should serve as a reminder that embracing the difficulties of science is one of the first steps to achieving success. My research currently focuses on the effects of microstructure on ferroelastic toughening in ceramic materials. While working on this project, I have experienced my fair share of difficulties in learning new techniques for materials characterization as well as confusion about why experiments have not turned out as expected. Although it is frustrating during the experience, encountering research difficulties affords a majority of the value in a graduate education. Overcoming these challenges requires a great deal of critical thinking, perseverance, and ingenuity-truly valuable skills in an increasingly technical world. It is no surprise that students will experience a variety of challenges and frustrations during their education. So the question then becomes, \"What steps need to be taken to overcome these difficulties?\" Although the answer likely differs from person to person, there are some general steps that are helpful in confronting research challenges. The first step is to get organized. This includes high-level organization of overall goals and objectives as well as organizaCharles Smith aligns an aperture in a transmission electron microscope at the University of Illinois. tion of details and records of the project, particularly what does and does not work. In my experience, this exercise often helps separate out experimental variables to pinpoint variables to adjust. The second step is to ask for advice and help when needed. A new set of eyes often can help solve a challenging problem. Academic advisors, collaborators, and colleagues are all good sources of advice, but it is important to not rule out any type of advice, especially when confronted with particularly difficult problems. At the University of Illinois, I am fortunate to be surrounded by a community of excellent sources of advice. you The third and final step is to persevere and iterate. Although the adage, “If at first don\'t succeed, try and try again,\" is cliché, it lends some wisdom to the process of graduate research. Once you are organized and generate some ideas, it is most important to keep working hard toward your goals. Overall, it is important to remember that scientific research is inherently a challenging but rewarding field. During research, we inevitably are presented with problems that we will not immediately be able to solve. However, by utilizing available resources and by developing our own skills as researchers, we are continually able to make new and important discoveries that would otherwise go unknown. Charles Smith is a second-year Ph.D. student in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign. He obtained a bachelor of materials science from the University of Minnesota. 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