AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY bulletin emerging ceramics & glass technology OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2015 Korea\'s core competencies H Profiles of NSF CAREER young faculty ⚫ Introducing ACers new leaders Guide to MS&T and ACerS Annual Meeting January meetings: ICACC 40 th Jubilee, EMA⚫ bbbb Your kiln. Like no other. Your kiln needs are unique, and Harrop responds with engineered solutions to meet your exact firing requirements. For more than 90 years, we have been supplying custom kilns across a wide range of both traditional and advanced ceramic markets. Hundreds of our clients will tell you that our three-phase application engineering process is what separates Harrop from \"cookie cutter\" kiln suppliers. Thorough technical and economic analysis to create the \"right\" kiln for your specific needs Robust, industrial design and construction • After-sale service for commissioning and operator training. Harrop\'s experienced staff is exceptionally qualified to become your partners in providing the kiln most appropriate to your application. Learn more at www.harropusa.com, or call us at 614-231-3621 HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com contents October/November 2015 • Vol. 94 No. 8 feature articles Korea\'s core competencies. 28 Alex Talavera and Randy B. Hecht Korea\'s research and private sector leaders target advances in environmental protection and energy efficiency. NSF\'s CAREER Class of 2015 in ceramics and crosscutting programs Lynnette D. Madsen 36 cover story Two early career faculty expand professional and personal goals for their research. Korea\'s core competencies Credit: SK Hynix; YouTube meetings - page 28 MS&T15: Materials Science & Technology 2015 and ACerS 117th Annual Meeting premeeting planner. 40 EMA 2016: Electronic Materials and Applications. 46 ICACC 2016: 40th International Conference and Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites. . 48 columns Deciphering the discipline 56 Jessica Rimsza Lithium silicate research, baby pandas, and green tea: Strengthening international research through immersion resources New Products Calendar Classified Advertising Display Advertising Index American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org feature NSF\'S CAREER class of 2015 Credit: M. Beardsley; SLAC - page 36 51 52 5555 50 departments News & Trends ACers Spotlight. 9 Ceramics in the Environment 16 Ceramics in Energy. 18 Research Briefs 20 Advances in Nanomaterials. . 25 1 AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY Obulletin Editorial and Production Eileen De Guire, Editor ph: 614-794-5828 fx: 614-794-5815 edeguire@ceramics.org April Gocha, Associate Editor Stephanie Liverani, Associate Editor Russell Jordan, Contributing Editor Tess Speakman, Graphic Designer Editorial Advisory Board G. Scott Glaesemann, Chair, Corning Incorporated John McCloy, Washington State University C. Scott Nordahl, Raytheon Company Fei Peng, Clemson University Klaus-Markus Peters, Fireline, Inc. Gurpreet Singh, Kansas State University Eileen De Guire, Staff Liaison, The American Ceramic Society Customer Service/Circulation ph: 866-721-3322 fx: 240-396-5637 customerservice@ceramics.org Advertising Sales National Sales Mona Thiel, National Sales Director mthiel@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5834 fx: 614-794-5822 Europe Richard Rozelaar media@alaincharles.com ph: 44-(0)-20-7834-7676 fx: 44-(0)-20-7973-0076 Executive Staff Charles Spahr, Executive Director and Publisher cspahr@ceramics.org Teresa Black, Director of Finance and Operations tblack@ceramics.org Eileen De Guire, Director of Communications & Marketing edeguire@ceramics.org Marcus Fish, Development Director Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation mfish@ceramics.org Sue LaBute, Human Resources Manager & Exec. Assistant slabute@ceramics.org Mark Mecklenborg, Director of Membership, Meetings & Technical Publications mmecklenborg@ceramics.org Officers Mrityunjay Singh, President William Lee, President-Elect Kathleen Richardson, Past President Daniel Lease, Treasurer Charles Spahr, Secretary Board of Directors Michael Alexander, Director 2014-2017 Geoff Brennecka, Director 2014-2017 Manoj Choudhary, Director 2015-2018 John Halloran, Director 2013-2016 Martin Harmer, Director 2015-2018 Edgar Lara-Curzio, Director 2013-2016 Hua-Tay (H.T.) Lin, Director 2014-2017 Tatsuki Ohji, Director 2013-2016 Gregory Rohrer, Director 2015-2018 David Johnson Jr., Parliamentarian contents October/November 2015 • Vol. 94 No. 8 Connect with ACers online! in g+ f http://bit.ly/acerstwitter http://bit.ly/acerslink http://bit.ly/acersgplus http://bit.ly/acersfb http://bit.ly/acersrss In your hand and on the go! There are now three great ways to read all of the good stuff inside this month\'s issue of the Bulletin! 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Allow six weeks for address changes. ACSBA7, Vol. 94, No. 8, pp 1-56. All feature articles are covered in Current Contents. 2 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 It all points to Alteo for high-performance aluminas for ceramic applications Full technical support Logistics solutions Customized innovation We\'ll be at Ceramitec 2015 Hall A1 Booth 213 Contact us now at www.alteo-alumina.com to make sure you don\'t miss us! Alteo is close to you, now and ahead High-quality aluminas alteo A NEW WORLD OF ALUMINA Design: www.arnaudtemplier.com news & trends Credit: Flock and Siemens; Bloodhound SSC Ceramics help Bloodhound keep egg-shaped stainlessits cool during record attempt for world\'s fastest vehicle For a car with ambitions to speed upward of 1,000 mph with the help of a rocket engine, heat management is a big concern. That is why the Bloodhound supersonic car (SSC) team is turning to ceramics to help the car keep its cool long enough to break the world land speed record. Bloodhound SSC\'s engine, like the rest of the vehicle, is an engineering feat the SSC engine combines a Eurojet EJ200 jet engine, rocket engine, and an auxiliary power unit to supply its recordbreaking power. The auxiliary power unit, a Jaguar supercharged V8 engine, drives a rocket oxidizer pump that pushes high-test peroxide (HTP) propellant into the rocket. To rocket to 1,000 mph, Bloodhound SSC needs a massive supply of one tonne of HTP, which is stored in a giant 4 Business news Materion Corp. contributes to OSHA proposal to reduce beryllium exposure (materion. com)...Critical Materials Institute rareearth-recycling invention licensed to U.S. Rare Earths (usrareearths.com)...Harper offering microwave testing for new material process development (harperintl. com)...Kyocera lights up Brazil\'s largest solar-powered highway (global.kyocera. com)... Growth in hydrocyclone demand drives investment from Morgan Advanced Materials (morganadvancedmaterials. com)…Berkshire Hathaway to acquire Precision Castparts (precast.com).…… RAK Ceramics fully acquires Iran unit (rakceramics.com)...Alcoa completes acquisition of RTI International Metals (alcoa.com)...50 years of scanning electron microscopy from Zeiss (zeiss.com)... steel tank. But HTP rocket fuel is dangerous, So U.K.-based heat-management specialist Zircotec (Oxfordshire, U.K.) is helping the Bloodhound SSC team with some special ceramic solutions that will protect the car\'s HTP supply and other PREVIARI The Bloodhound supersonic car will use ceramic technologies to help keep cool during its attempt at taking the land speed world record. components from extreme heat that will be generated during the car\'s rocket-powered run. According to a recent Zircotec press release, \"We\'ve got approximately 1,000 liters of HTP that has the equivalent explosive force of one stick of dynamite per liter if it reaches 40°C and starts to decompose\" says Tony Parraman, of the sponsorship liaison team. “Packaging Ross India moves into brand new facility (mixers.com)... Blasch Precision Ceramics introduces abrasion-resistant CeraLine (blaschceramics.com)...AGC supplies XCV glass substrate to enable extrathin LCDs (asahi-glass.com)... Why glass is still beating sapphire (time.com)...Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to help small \"green\" businesses (pnnl.gov)... Libbey introduces glassmaking process for ClearFire formula (libbey.com)...Carbonfiber technology facility set to scale up industry (energy.gov)... Minitab\'s custom development service integrates software into any workflow (minitab.com)... Precision Castparts expands into ceramics with acquisition of Composites Horizons (precast.com) dictates that our supercharged Jaguar engine, that we use to pump 900 liters in just 20 seconds, is sat next to the tank, so preventing heat transfer is on our essential list.\" The Jaguar engine\'s exhaust system, because it is uncomfortably close to the HTP tank, will have a ceramic coating from Zircotec\'s ThermoHold product to help keep its cool. \"Plasma-sprayed at twice the speed of sound itself, the coating can reduce surface temperatures by at least 30 percent, ensuring even as heat builds up during the two runs needed for the record to be validated, the tank remains stable,\" the release details. Some of Zircotec\'s other flexible zirconium-based heat-resistant coatings also will be applied to various locations on the car to protect against heat. Zircotec\'s ThermoHold heat-resistant composite coating will help protect Bloodhound SSC\'s carbon composite body. There, the team will apply a special version of the coating for composites, which also is used in F1 racing cars to prevent delamination of carbon fiber at high temperatures. The coating is \"applied at temperatures exceeding 10,000°C, but in such a way that the substrate is unaffected,\" according to the release. Bloodhound SSC also will incorpowww.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 High Temperature Furnaces up to 3,000°C rate Zircotec\'s ZircoFlex, a flexible ceramic heat shield that is sprayed onto a metallic backing foil. The heat shield, just 0.3 mm thick, can reduce heat source temperatures by more than 64%, the company says. \"With ZircoFlex we can bend and mold it to shape-it\'s lightweight and with self-adhesive backing, good for up to 500°C, we can use in lots of areas,\" Parraman says in the release. \"For example, after a two-minute run, the internal temp of the jet or rocket might be 3,000°C, but the externals are 200°C. We can manage that heat with ZircoFlex protecting wiring looms and composite panels.\" Bloodhound SSC will begin trials in the desert of Hakskeen Pan, South Africa, during 2015-2016 to test the effectiveness of the vehicle\'s thermal protection systems. Ambient desert temperatures in Hakskeen Pan reach 40°C (>100°F), so cooling is a critical issue. Bloodhound SSC eventually will rocket for the world record in the same desert location, where it will have to complete two successful runs, separated by just one hour, to secure the world record. Surmet\'s technology travels through space for exclusive closeup with Pluto NASA\'s New Horizons mission, which recently provided the first glimpse of dwarf planet Pluto, would not have been successful without Surmet technology. \"I am happy and proud to announce An image of dwarf planet Pluto snapped an accomplishment during New Horizon\'s recent flyby. by Surmet that almost went unnoticed,\" Suri Sastri-president and CEO of Surmet, and ACerS corporate member-says in a PR Web press release. \"By now, you all are aware of the \'out of this world\' performance of the NASA\'s spacecraft New Horizons and LORRI (the telescopic camera snapping the images), that sent back unbelievably clear high-resolution pictures of Pluto and its moon from three billion miles away. What most of you are not aware of is that Surmet contributed the critically enabling mirror-surface technology for the New Horizons mission.\" The New Horizons mission launched back in 2006 and has been zooming through space ever since. In August the spacecraft American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org Credit: JHUAPL CARBOLITE IGERO 30-3000°C part of VERDER, scientific CARBOLITE GERO Based on more than 30 years of heat treatment experience Carbolite Gero offer standard products as well as customerspecific solutions. ■Furnaces for MIM and CIM production and quality testing Thermal or catalytic debinding without the need for condensate traps Sintering furnaces under partial pressure or low overpressure 1-866-473-8724 www.carbolite-gero.com See us at MS&T15, Booth 616 5 6 news & trends reached its closest point (7,750 miles) to formerly designated planet Pluto and snapped the first-ever images of the Milky Way\'s favorite dwarf planet. Surmet developed an amorphous silicon coating technology that allowed New Horizon\'s telescope mirror to capture beautiful ultra-high-resolution images so far from home. \"Strongly adherent, amorphous, and supremely homogeneous (at an atomic scale), the coating applied to the mirror substrate of the telescope allows for single point diamond turning and finish polishing, meeting the most stringent wavefront specifications required for capturing ultra-high-resolution images from outer space,\" the release states. Surmet\'s silicon coating technology is an integral component of a particular instrument aboard the New Horizons spacecraft-its long-range reconnaissance imager (LORRI). LORRI is one of seven instruments aboard New Horizons. Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (Laurel, Md.) developed LORRI. According to the lab\'s website, \"LORRI, the ‘eagle eyes\' of New Horizons, is a panchromatic highmagnification imager, consisting of a telescope with an 8.2-inch (20.8-centimeter) aperture that focuses visible light onto a charge-coupled device (CCD). It\'s essentially a digital camera with a large telephoto telescope-only fortified to operate in the cold, hostile environs near Pluto.\" LORRI, designed to study geology and provide high-resolution images of the places New Horizons will go, weighs 19.4 pounds and pulls an average 5.8 watts of power from the New Horizons spacecraft. \"LORRI has no color filters or moving parts-operators take images by pointing the LORRI side of the spacecraft directly at their target. The instrument\'s innovative silicon carbide construction keeps its mirrors focused through the extreme temperature dips New Horizons experiences on the way to, through, and past the Pluto system,” the JHUAPL website adds. Another Surmet technology-UltraC diamond-like carbon coating-previously ventured into space aboard the Hubble Telescope, as integral technology for that telescope\'s titanium cryocooler component for its infrared imaging sensors. \"To know that we had a critical role in helping uncover and discover the vastness of the universe and its mysteries is indeed mind-boggling and immensely satisfying,\" Sastri adds in the release. \"We are grateful and humbled by the opportunity to contribute to NASA\'s efforts and those of its able contractors, both large and small.\" Lego Ideas goes nanoscale to build interest in materials science and engineering Lego Ideas, the company\'s platform for crowd-sourced ideas for new Lego sets, has ventured into the materials science and engineering world. The Materials Science and Engineering idea-which, if it gathers enough support, could become available as a Lego set-features the equipment used to explore the nanoscale world: SEM, TEM, and XRD. According to the Idea website, \"The goal of this Lego project is to provide a fun way for students of all ages to learn about Materials Science and Engineering and the instruments which reveal the world hidden from human eyes. The development of new materials has enabled technological breakthroughs that impact and improve our daily lives: consumer electronics, like the tablet or smart phone; life-saving biomaterials, such as stents and artificial heart valves; higher performance and more efficient airplanes and cars; and alternative energy solutions, like biological fuel cells or more efficient solar (photovoltaic) cells.\" A Boise State University graduate created the equipment set, which currently is gathering support on Lego\'s Ideas website. There, ideas that gather 10,000 votes of confidence from supporters are qualified for an official Lego review to potentially become a real for-sale Lego set. The idea has ~600 supporters so far, with more than eight months left to gather support. Although not all supported ideas go into production, the Lego Review Boardwhich includes \"designers, product managers, and other key team members\"-says MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING SEM TEM XRD Explore the nanoscale world The Materials Science and Engineering Lego Ideas set consists of TEM, SEM, and XRD instruments built from Lego building blocks. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Credit: Lego Ideas that each reviewed idea gets a fair shot to enter into the big leagues of Lego world. Go to https://ideas.lego.com/projects/102281 for more information. Fruitful enterprise? Apple patents method to manufacture harder zirconia ceramic According to Patently Apple, Apple has filed a new(ish) patent for a ceramic component casting method to manufac ture harder zirconia ceramics. \"The new method is applied to eliminate air bubbles in component parts,\" Patently Apple reports. To do that, the patent details a few different vacuuming methods, including \"vacuuming a ceramic-based slurry mixture and/or vacuuming a component mold,\" the patent states. In the former method, a vacuum sucks out air bubbles from the ceramic slurry itself, before casting. The latter method involves vacuuming the ceramic slurry within a component mold. The component mold may be vacuumed for a predetermined amount of time or continuously, the patent suggests. Although nixing bubbles is the goal, Apple seems to have devised a whole contained system in which slurry is mixed, pumped through into a mold, and formed into a final component. The slurry is mixed from a combination of two unspecified materials-a \"first material\" and \"second material,\" the patent divluges-at least one of which contains \"a plurality of zirconia particles.\" Once uniformly mixed by physical, ultrasonic, and/or rotary vibrations, the patent details that the evenly mixed slurry then is pumped into a coated component mold that is positioned askew. \"The cavity of the component mold includes at least one angular sidewall to allow air bubbles to substantially flow to a vacuum conduit of the component mold during the disposing of the ceramic-based slurry mixture into the cavity of the component mold,\" the patent states. Altogether the system creates a harder zirconia ceramic product, which Credit: Beverley Goodwin; Flickr CC BY-SA 2.0 Apple has patented a new method to manufacture zirconia ceramic, but will it prove to be a fruitful venture? THE BROADEST MINERAL PORTFOLIO FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE REFRACTORIES American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org IMERYS Refractory Minerals www.imerys-refractoryminerals.com 7 news & trends presumably Apple will incorporate into future products. The patent was filed with the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office in February 2014, but it was just recently published on the USPTO website. For all the technical details, visit the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office website at www.uspto.gov. Electronics fight club: Can gallium nitride sock it to silicon? Silicon has been reigning the electronics world for so long that maybe it is no surprise that other materials are attempting to grab the crown. Advances in research are one thing, however, the true measure of whether an alternative material can take on silicon lies in the market. And in that market, gallium nitride is starting to look like a strong contender. MIT spinout company Cambridge Electronics Inc. (CEI) is helping GaN get into the center ring with its recent announcement of \"a line of GaN transistors and power electronic circuits that promise to cut energy usage in data centers, electric cars, and consumer devices by 10 to 20 percent worldwide by 2025,\" according to an MIT News article. CEI is putting GaN transistors in power electronics, devices that control and convert electric power-such as that hefty power pack on your laptop charging cord. Many current power electronics use silicon transistors, which switch on and off really well to regulate the voltage flowing through the device. But silicon transistors are less ideal in terms of resistance, which, like mechanical friction, generates heat. That heat is wasted energy. The MIT News article contends that \"CEI\'s GaN transistors have at least onetenth the resistance of such silicon-based transistors, according to the company. This allows for much higher energy efficiency, and orders-of-magnitude faster switching frequency-meaning powerelectronics systems with these components can be made much smaller. CEI is using its transistors to enable power electronics that will make data centers less energy intensive, electric cars cheaper and more powerful, and laptop power adapters one-third the size-or even small enough to fit inside the computer itself.\" Earlier this year, other companies started joining the GaN transistor party, too, with products that could compete with the price of silicon. Although GaN chips themselves are nothing new, the technology had some significant hurdles to overcome before being feasible in a commercial market. Part of the reason the transistors are now competitive is due to significant advances in technology and manufacturing methods that allow GaN to be efficient and cost-effective at the same time. Transistors need to be able to be switched between an on and off state, like a switch. In the on position, transistors allow current to pass through, whereas the off position passes no current. To protect electronic devices, transistors need to be able to switch efficiently and need to default to the off state to protect from short circuits and other hazards. But GaN is inherently switched on, so it needs some adjustments to change the material\'s structure. \"We always talk about GaN as gallium and nitrogen, but you can modify the basic GaN material, add impurities and other elements, to change its properties,\" Tomás Palacios, CEI cofounder and MIT associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science, says in the release. The team found that if it layered various materials to create the transistors, it could engineer GaN transistors that switch off by default. In addition to changing the materials, the team also tweaked the process to grow GaN transistors, making fabrication cost-effective. \"Basically, we are fabricating our advanced GaN transistors and circuits in conventional silicon foundries, at the cost of silicon. The cost is the same, but the CCElectronics Cambridge Credit: Cambridge Electronics A prototype laptop power adapter made by Cambridge Electronics uses GaN transistors. At 1.5 cubic inches in volume, this is the smallest laptop power adapter ever made. performance of the new devices is 100 times better,\" CEI vice president for device development Bin Lu says in the release. CEI now offers GaN devices and chips for sale, but the company also is developing laptop power adaptors—with a volume of just 1.5 cubic inches-that use more efficient GaN transistors to allow such a compact size. Beyond consumer electronics, however, the team also says that GaN transistors will propel future electric vehicles farther. \"The silicon transistors used today have a constrained power capability that limits how much power the car can handle,\" the MIT News article states. \"This is one of the main reasons why there are few large electric vehicles. GaN-based power electronics, on the other hand, could boost power output for electric cars, while making them more energy-efficient and lighter-and, therefore, cheaper and capable of driving longer distances.\" Market reports predict huge growth in the market for GaN power semiconduc tors, with figures reaching 60%-80% annual growth in the near future. Compounding that exponential growth during the next few years, reports suggest a $1.75 billion market value by 2022. So will GaN one day reign supreme? No matter what the outcome, it is looking like it will at least be a good fight. 8 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 acers spotlight Society and Division news Welcome to our newest Corporate Members! ACerS recognizes organizations that have joined the Society as Corporate Members. For more information on becoming a Corporate Member, contact Megan Bricker at mbricker@ceramics.org, or visit ceramics.org/corporate. AADVANCED MACHINERY INC. Aadvanced Machinery Inc. Clinton Township, Mich. www.aadvancedmach.com GSA Global Superabrasives LLC globalsuperabrasives.com Global Superabrasives Tempe, Ariz. www.globalsuperabrasives.com Microtrac Total Solutions in Particle Characterization Microtrac Montgomeryville, Pa. www.microtrac.com SEL SEMICONDUCTOR ENERGY LABORATORY Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co. Ltd. Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa, Japan www.sel.co.jp/en Trans-Tech Ceramics and Advanced Materials Trans-Tech Inc. Adamstown, Md. www.trans-techinc.com ACerS members save more. For members-only discounts, including savings of up to 34% on shipping, join now at ceramics.org. Calling all potential Emeritus members If you will be 65 years old (or older) by December 31, 2015, and will have 35 or more years of continuous membership in ACerS, you are eligible for Emeritus status. Emeritus members enjoy waived membership dues and reduced meeting registration rates. To verify your eligibility, contact Marcia Stout at mstout@ceramics.org. Renew your ACerS membership for multiple years Is your membership up for renewal at the end of the year? Renew now at ceramics.org. Just click on the “renew” button at the top of the home page and follow the prompts. Contact customer service by phone at 866-721-3322 (U.S.), 240-646-7054 (outside U.S.), via email at customerservice@ceramics.org, or by fax at 240-396-5637 to renew. Multi-year renewals also are available. Sealing Glass Sealing Glass Solutions from Mo-Sci Excellent wetting and bonding to both metal and ceramics Glass is homogeneous, with no crystals and no significant elements from metal or ceramics diffusing into glass The innovative staff at Mo-Sci will work with you to design and develop your project mo.sci CORPORATION ISO 9001:2008. AS9100C www.mo-sci.com 573.364.2338 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 9 acers spotlight Society and Division news (continued) Introducing ACerS leaders for 2015-2016 The American Ceramic Society is pleased to introduce the 2015-2016 Society leadership. New officers and directors will be installed at the 117th Annual Membership Meeting on Oct. 5 held in conjunction with MS&T15 in Columbus, Ohio. Society officers and directors Executive Committee President Mrityunjay (Jay) Singh Chief scientist Board of Directors (new) Manoj Choudhary Senior technical staff Owens-Corning Science and John Halloran Professor University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Mich. Ohio Aerospace Technology Center Granville, Ohio Institute, NASA Glenn Research Center Choudhary Cleveland, Ohio Singh Martin Harmer Alcoa Foundation President-elect William Lee Director, UK Centre for Advanced Structural Ceramics Imperial College London, United Kingdom Lee Past president Kathleen Richardson Professor of optics and materials science and engineering University of Central Florida Orlando, Fla. Richardson Treasurer Daniel Lease CFO WT Holdings LLC Fremont, Ohio Lease Secretary Charlie Spahr Executive director The American Ceramic Society Westerville, Ohio Spahr 10 Halloran Harmer Rohrer Distinguished Professor and senior faculty advisor for research initiatives Lehigh University Bethlehem, Pa. Gregory Rohrer W.W. Mullins Professor and department head of materials science and engi neering Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa. Board of Directors (returning) Lara-Curzio Lin Edgar Lara-Curzio Distinguished research staff member and leader of the Mechanical Properties & Mechanics Group Director, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tenn. Hua-Tay (H.T.) Lin Professor Guangdong University of Technology, P.R. China Michael Alexander Riverside Refractories Inc. Vice president research and product development Pell City, Ala. Alexander Geoff Brennecka Brennecka Assistant professor Colorado School of Mines Golden, Colo. Tatsuki Ohji Prime senior research scientist National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Nagoya, Japan Ohji Johnson Parliamentarian David Johnson Editor, Journal of the American Ceramic Society Bedminster, N.J. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Awards and deadlines Every Nanometer counts First call for 2016 awards Nominations for Society awards that will be presented at the annual awards banquet in October 2016 are now open. Additional information on each award, plus many Division and Class awards, is available at ceramics.org/awards. Nomination deadline for all awards is January 15, 2016, unless otherwise noted. Contact Marcia Stout at mstout@ceramics. org or 614-794-5821 with questions. Early deadline for Varshneya Glass Science Lectures nominations ACerS and the Glass & Optical Materials Division invite nominations for the Darshana and Arun Varshneya Frontiers of Glass Science and Glass Technology Lectures. These lectures are designed to encourage scientific and technical dialog in glass topics of significance that define new horizons, highlight new research concepts, or demonstrate the potential to develop new products and processes for the benefit of humankind. Winners will present their lectures during the GOMD Annual Meeting, May 22-26, 2016, in Madison, Wis. Nominations due Nov. 16. More information at ceramics.org/?awards=darshanaand-arun-varshneya-frontiers-of-glasslectures. Lifetime achievement or service awards Distinguished Life Membership: ACerS highest honor given in recognition of a member\'s contribution to the ceramics profession. Nominees need to be current members who have attained professional eminence because of their achievements in the ceramic arts or sciences, service to the Society, or productive scholarship. W. David Kingery Award: recognizes distinguished lifelong achievements involving multidisciplinary and global contributions to ceramic technology, science, education, and art. John Jeppson Award: recognizes distinguished scientific, technical, or engineering achievements in ceramics. Greaves-Walker Lifetime Service Award: presented to an individual who has rendered outstanding service to the ceramic engineering profession and who has exemplified the aims, ideals, and purpose of NICE. Corporate awards NEW! Medal for Leadership in the Advancement of Ceramic Technology: recognizes individuals, who through leadership and vision in an executive role, have made significant contributions to the success of their organization and in turn have significantly expanded the frontiers of the ceramics industry. Two medals are presented each year. Corporate Environmental Achievement Award: recognizes an outstanding environmental achievement made by an ACerS corporate member in the field of ceramics. Corporate Technical Achievement Award: recognizes an outstanding technical achievement made by an ACerS corporate member in the field of ceramics. General awards NEW! Samuel Geijsbeek PACRIM International Award (nominations due May 15, 2016): recognizes individuals who are members of the Pacific Rim Conference societies for their contributions in the field of ceramics and glass technology that have resulted in significant industrial and/or academic impact, international advocacy, and visibility in The new Dilatometer DIL 402 Expedis with revolutionary NanoEye measuring cell Find out more about the new NanoEye technology: www.netzsch.com/n22856 DIL: 402 Expedis Supreme NETZSCH Leading Thermal Analysis. See us at MS&T15, Booth 704 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 11 acers spotlight Awards and deadlines (continued) the field. Two Geijsbeek awards will be presented at each PACRIM meeting. Young professional awards Richard M. Fulrath Awards: promote technical and personal friendships between Japanese and American ceramic engineers and scientists. The awards recognize individuals for excellence in research and development of ceramic sciences and materials. Nominees must be 45 or younger at the time of award presentation. Karl Schwartzwalder-Professional Achievement in Ceramic Engineering Award: recognizes an outstanding young ceramic engineer whose achievements have been significant to the profession. A nominee must be between 21 and 40 years of age and must be a member of NICE and ACerS. Robert L. Coble Award for Young Scholars: recognizes an outstanding scientist who is conducting research in academia, in industry or at a government laboratory. Candidates must be ACerS members and must be 35 years old or younger. Du-Co Ceramics Young Professional Award (note: deadline changed from April to January 15): awarded to a young professional member of ACers who demonstrates exceptional leadership and service to ACerS. Lecture awards Frontiers of Science and SocietyRustum Roy Lecture: given each year by a nationally or internationally recognized individual in the area of science, industry, or government. Generally the committee selects the lecturer, but suggestions from membership are invited. Edward Orton Jr. Memorial Lecture: selection is based on scholarly attainments in ceramics or a related field. Generally the committee selects the lecturer, but suggestions from membership are invited. Arthur L. Friedberg Ceramic Engineering Tutorial Lecture Award: given to an individual who has made outstanding contributions to ceramic engineering that relate to the processing or manufacturing of ceramic products. The awardee must be a member of NICE and ACerS. Robert B. Sosman Award (deadline Feb. 28 for 2017 lecture): awarded by the Basic Science Division in recognition of outstanding achievement in basic science that results in a significant impact to the field of ceramics. Best paper awards Important rule change to 2016 Ross Coffin Purdy Award: given to the author(s) who made the most valuable contribution to ceramic technical literature during the previous calendar year (2015). Note that the year of publication is now the previous calendar year, rather than two years prior to the year of selection. Richard and Patricia Spriggs Phase Equilibria Award: given to the author(s) who made the most valuable contribution to phase stability relationships in ceramic-based systems literature during the previous calendar year (2015). Educator and student awards Ceramic Education Council Outstanding Educator Award: recognizes outstanding work and creativity in teaching, in directing student research, or in the general educational process (lectures, publications, etc.) of ceramic educators. Du-Co Ceramics Scholarship (note: deadline changed from April to January 15): awarded to an undergraduate student pursing a degree in ceramics or materials engineering and who actively participates in ACerS activities, such as PCSA. NEW! Global Ambassador Program The Global Ambassador Program recognizes dedicated ACerS volunteers worldwide who demonstrate exceptional leadership and/or service that benefit the Society, its members, and the global ceramics and glass community. Nominations may be submitted at any time throughout the year. Division awards GOMD and ACerS Cements Division held their annual meetings in May and July, respectively, and presented several awards. ACerS Electronics Division and NETD will present awards at the 117th Annual Meeting held in conjunction with MS&T15. Congratulations to these deserving winners! Cements Division Della Roy Lecture Hamlin Jennings, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Jennings passed away shortly before he was to have presented the 2015 Della Roy lecture. His colleagues instead presented a video tribute that highlighted his many contributions to cements. Student Poster Winners Daniel I. Castaneda, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Sakineh Ebrahimpourmoghaddam, Rice University; Kai Gong, Princeton University; Joshua Hogancamp, Texas A&M University; Morteza Khatib, Oklahoma State University; Ghazal Sokhansefat, Oklahoma State University; Lori E. Tunstall, Princeton University Electronics Division Edward C. Henry Award Adam A. Heitman and George A. Rossetti, Jr., University of Connecticut. Winning paper: \"Thermodynamics of ferroelectric solid solutions with morphotropic phase boundaries,\" Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 97 [6] 1661-1685 (2014) Lewis C. Hoffman Scholarship Kyle M. Grove, Colorado School of Mines 12 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Glass & Optical Materials Division Alfred R. Cooper Scholar Award Winner Emily M. Aaldenberg, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, N.Y. Lecture title: \"Dynamic fatigue of ion-exchanged glass\" Alfred R. Cooper Distinguished Lecturer Martin C. Wilding, Aberystwyth University, Wales. Lecture title: \"Exploring the structure of high temperature liquids with high energy X-rays\" Student Poster Award Winners 1st place (undergraduate): Antoine Bréhault, University of Rennes 1, France 1st place (graduate): Chandrasiri A. Ihalawela, Ohio University 2nd place tie, (graduate student): Katharina Philipps, RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Mouritz N. Svenson, Aalborg University, Denmark 3rd place tie, (graduate student): Yuxuan Gong, Alfred University, N.Y.; Kirsten Hellmann, RWTH Aachen Institute of Mineral Engineering, Germany; Antoine Lepicard, University of Central Florida Nuclear & Environmental Technology Division D.T. Rankin Award S.K. Sundaram, Alfred University, N.Y. Best Paper Award Hamed Albusaidi, Cory K. Perkins, and Allen W. Apblett, Oklahoma State University. Winning paper: (presented at MS&T14): \"Uptake of uranium by tungstic acid.\"■ Students and outreach Student contests to watch at MS&T15 There are several student contests happening at MS&T15 in Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 4-8. Oct. 4: Undergraduate Student Speaking Contest semi-final round, 1-3 p.m., Delaware A&B, Hyatt, followed by final round, 4-5 p.m. Oct. 6: Undergraduate and graduate poster contests; view posters in the Exhibit Hall Mug Drop Contest, 11:15 a.m.-12:15 p.m., Exhibit Hall Disc Golf Contest, 12:30-1:30 p.m., Exhibit Hall Attend the Keramos reception at MS&T15 The Keramos National Board of Directors invites all MS&T15 attendees to the first annual Keramos Reception, Oct. 4 from 5-7 p.m. in the George Bellows C Room at the Hilton Columbus Downtown. This year, Keramos celebrates the 100th anniversary of its alpha chapter at the University of Illinois and will induct its 10,000th member. Still time to enter ceramographic competition There is still time to enter a ceramograph into the competiAmerican Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org A Deltech Furnaces We Build The Furnace To Fit Your Need A Standard or Custom www.deltechfurnaces.com See us at MS&T15, Booth 726 303-433-5939 tion at MS&T15. Bring your poster to the 1st level concourse of the Columbus Convention Center by 8 a.m. on Oct. 5. For more information, visit ceramics.org/?awards=ceramographiccompetition-and-roland-b-snow-award. ACers Winter Workshop for students planned for January 2016 ACerS is co-organizing a Winter Workshop program for students with help from the President\'s Council of Student Advisors (PCSA) and the Young Professionals Network (YPN). The workshop welcomes students from around the world and will be held at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Fla., Jan. 22-25, 2016. Stay abreast of the latest information by visiting ceramics.org/winterworkshop. Student travel grants and tour available for 76th GPC The Glass Manufacturing Industry Council (GMIC) is encouraging interest in glass industry careers by offering $400 travel grants to 20 students attending the 76th Glass Problems Conference, Nov. 2-5 in Columbus, Ohio. Students will also have the opportunity to tour the Anchor Hocking Plant in Lancaster, Ohio, on Nov. 2. Contact Donna Banks at dbanks@gmic.org by Sept. 30 to sign up. 13 acers spotlight More ceramics news On-location in Jeju Island, Korea: Highlights from PACRIM 11 The 11th International Conference of Pacific Rim Ceramic Societies (PACRIM 11) took place in JeJu Island, Korea, Aug. 30-Sept. 4. ACerS executive director Charlie Spahr was on location and reported highlights from a successful meeting, as political and weather-related challenges abated and allowed the conference to be held as planned at the International Convention Center JeJu, overlooking the beautiful Pacific Ocean. The meeting drew more than 1,100 abstracts submitted from individuals in more than 35 countries and 1,000 attendees. Several ACerS officers and members were also in attendance, including ACerS president Kathleen Richardson, president-elect Mrityunjay Singh, and past president Richard Brow. Planning for PACRIM 12 is already underway for 2017 in Hawaii. ACers announced the revival of the Samuel Geijsbeek PACRIM International Award, which will be presented at the 2017 event. Visit ceramics.org/awards for more details. ACerS president Kathleen Richardson (center) and presidentelect Mrityunjay Singh (left) present a handmade painted vase to Hai-Doo Kim, PACRIM 11 chair, during the PacRim partners\' dinner on Sept. 1, congratulating the Korean Ceramic Society on a successful event. ceramics expo Ceramics Expo offers a comprehensive marketplace for ceramic materials and component manufacturing. The event provides a shop floor for all equipment, products and services used throughout the ceramic supply chain. Contact our team today to find out how you can participate. Email us at info@ceramicsexpousa.com or call us toll free: +1 855 436 8683. Register online today at www.ceramicsexpousa.com exhibition & sponsorship opportunities now open April 26-28, 2016 Cleveland, Ohio The manufacturing tradeshow for advanced ceramic materials and technologies Founding Partner The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org \"Ceramics Expo establishes a crucial marketplace for ceramic manufacturing and supply chain products \" Charlie Spahr, Executive Director, The American Ceramic Society Credit: ACerS ACers welcomes Chinese Ceramic Society delegation to HQ The American Ceramic Society NEW! W Alumina ♦Fused Quartz Zirconia ♦ Sapphire Crucibles Furnace Tubes Thermocouple Insulators Rods Plates & Disks ◆ Quartz Cuvettes Alumina & Sapphire Sample Pans for Thermal Analysis Custom Components ADVALUE TECHNOLOGY 3470 S. Dodge Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85713 Tel: 520-514-1100 Fax: 520-747-4024 A AdValue Technology Zeng Qingdong (China Concrete and Cement Products Assoc.), Jack Jia (CCers), Marcus Fish (ACerS), Tan Fu (CCers), Xu Yongmo (CCers), Mark Mecklenborg (ACerS), Manoj Choudhary (Owens Corning), Eileen De Guire (ACerS), and Megan Bricker (ACerS) at ACers headquarters. The American Ceramic Society welcomed a delegation from the Chinese Ceramic Society to ACerS headquarters in Westerville, Ohio on Aug. 25. Representing CCerS was Xu Yongmo, president; \"Jack\" Jia, senior coordinator; and Tan Fu, deputy secretary-general. Also present was Zeng Qingdong, administrative vice secretary general of the China Concrete and Cement Products Association. The meeting was the next step in strengthening the relationship between the two societies, a process that began a year ago when then-president David Green and executive director Charlie Spahr met CCerS leaders in Beijing. Credit: ACerS sales@advaluetech.com www.advaluetech.com 24-hour Shipment of Many In-stock Standard Sizes Custom Fabrication for Special Requests See us at MS&T15, Booth 725 Thermcraft incorporated eXPRESS-LINE Laboratory Furnaces & Ovens • Horozontal & Vertical Tube Furnaces, Single and Multi-Zone • Box Furnaces & Ovens Temperatures up to 1700°C • • Made in the U.S.A. • Available within Two Weeks Names in the news Lynnette Madsen of the National Science Foundation received the 2015 Claire L. Felbinger Award for Diversity, which recognizes U.S.-based educational units, individuals, associations, and firms for extraordinary success in achieving or facilitating diversity and inclusiveness in the techMadsen nological segments of our society. Awardees will be honored at an awards dinner Oct. 16 in Baltimore, Md. SmartControl Touch Screen Control System www.thermcraftinc.com info@thermcraftinc.com +1.336.784.4800 See us at MS&T15, Booth 521 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 15 16 ceramics in the environment Scale-up opportunity for diamond-like fuel-saving coating Germany has a deadline when it comes to reducing vehicle emissions. Specifically, the country\'s target is to slash emissions by 40% from their 1990 levels by 2020. With fuel saving and lower emissions in mind, Andreas Leson and his research team at Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology in Dresden, Germany, are looking for ways to cut fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions without sacrificing vehicle performance. The researchers have zeroed in on an application method for applying diamond-like coatings to reduce friction on vehicle components-such as engine parts-that they say can be scaled up and easily integrated with existing coating machines. The concept of coating components with diamond-like carbon to reduce friction may be old news, but Leson and his team have \"succeeded in producing hydrogen-free ta-C coatings on an industrial scale at a consistent level of quality. These tetrahedral amorphous carbon [ta-C] coatings are significantly harder and, thus, more resistant to wear than conventional diamond-like coatings,\" according to a Fraunhofer news release about the technology. Friction plays a big part in an engine\'s efficiency, so it is crucial to keep it to a minimum. The ta-C coating reduces friction generated by operation of engine parts to almost zero. \"Carbon is a very special material. As well as being an abundant element in nature, it\'s also biocompatible and contains no toxic agents. In the form of diamond, it\'s the hardest material in the world. It\'s low friction and high resistance to wear are the key qualities we exploit in practical applications,\" Leson says in a related video from Fraunhofer. The new application technique involves a cutting-edge “laser arc methFraunhofer researchers (left to right) Volker Weihnacht, Andreas Leson, and HansJoachim Scheibe developed a laser arc method for depositing friction-reducing, wearresistant coatings. od with which layers of carbon almost as hard as diamond can be applied on an industrial scale at high coating rates and with high thicknesses,\" according to the video. The laser arc method generates plasma that primarily consists of carbon ions. These are deposited as a ta-C coating. To achieve a high-quality coating, a magnetic field is used to remove particles of dirt from the ion beam. \"Nobody had yet managed to produce ta-C on an industrial scale. But now, for the first time, our team at Fraunhofer has succeeded in using a laser arc method to produce good-quality ta-C coatings in a high-volume production environment,\" Volker Weihnacht, a researcher at Fraunhofer, says in the video. The superhard coating already is being mass produced under the brand name Nesmuk Diamor to coat professionalquality cutlery, but it offers significant benefits to many industries-specifically, to the automotive industry. Door handles use titanium dioxide to stop the spread of germs Two new inventions are using the power of materials to help prevent the spread of germs across some of the most frequently touched surfaces people encounter every day-door handles. NanoTouch Materials (Forest, Va.) manufactures germ-neutralizing surfaces that can be applied directly to door handles and other oft-touched surfaces to stop germs dead in their dirty tracks. The company recently received a $2 million Tobacco Commission grant to further R&D of its germ-killing products, which currently include mats, stickers, tissue box covers, and hotel TV channel guides. NanoTouch\'s stickers, called TouchPoints, can be applied to most www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Credit: Dirk Mahler; Fraunhofer Michal Tajchert; Flickr CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 frequently touched surfaces, such as doors and door handles. Those products incorporate the company\'s innovative NanoSeptic surface, which it says is engineered with \"several complex components.\" NanoTouch\'s website says, \"The materials science we deploy, molecularly bonded on a nanoscale, provides a nonleaching, selfcleaning surface using a light-powered catalytic oxidation process. Nothing is released from the surface ... no toxins, heavy metals, or poisons.\" The one component present in NanoTouch\'s surfaces is titanium dioxide, whose microorganism-killing capabilities are well-known. Titanium dioxide is a photocatalyst-upon exposure to UV light, it generates free radicals, which are particularly deadly to microorganisms. Titania-coated surfaces could help prevent the spread of germs on oft-touched surfaces, like door handles. The company says that NanoSeptic surfaces are very durable and will work as long as the surfaces do not show signs of wear. \"While most surfaces will last six or even 12 months, high-traffic touch points or those in critical healthcare settings might benefit from replacement every 30-90 days.\" One significant problem with NanoTouch\'s surfaces, howev er, is that the titanium dioxide requires UV activation. Indoor fluorescent lighting does emit UV light, but much lower levels than the surfaces would be exposed to outside on a sunny day. Do cloudy days provide enough UV light to activate the surface? And what about in the dark? No bug-busting power then. A couple of students have devised another possible solution to keep door handles germ-free-anytime, anywhere. The two tenth-graders-Sum Ming \"Simon\" Wong and Kin Pong \"Michael\" Li, students at Church of Christ in China Tam Lee Lai Fun Memorial Secondary School (Tuen Mun, China)-designed a prototype self-activating, self-cleaning door handle. The students\' design also uses the photocatalytic power of titanium dioxide, but instead of relying upon ambient UV light, they fashioned a door handle with its own incorporated LED light to initiate microbe death. Their handle is made of clear glass coated in titanium dioxide, with the LED light affixed into one end of the handle. Opening and closing of the door generates power to turn on the light-so the system is self-powered, self-activated, and self-sanitizing. According to a Science News for Students article about the invention, the team\'s lab experiments showed that the handlecoating material killed 99.8% of microbes in a lab dish. The team presented their design earlier this year at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair in Pittsburgh, Pa. TA struminti Discover More Advanced Ceramic and Glass Characterization ⚫ DSC/TGA • Dilatometry ⚫ Rheology • Calorimetry • High Temp Thermal Conductivity & Viscometry Thermal Diffusivity Featuring our new line of vertical dilatometers with furnace options up to 2300°C www.tainstruments.com See us at MS&T15, Booth 627 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 17 oceramics in energy Could a solar fuels future be within reach thanks to GaP nanowires? Solar energy use in the United States spiked 33% in 2014, thanks to soaring solar industry expansion and affordable prices for panel installation. And the first quarter of 2015 alone saw $50 billion of renewable energy investments-that is up from $9 billion in 2004, according to an April Scientific American online article citing Bloomberg New Energy Finance. As commercialized solar energy solutions continue to trend upward, researchers have shifted focus on ways to scale up technology for the next solar frontier: solar fuels. Most recently, researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology (EUT) and the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) in the Netherlands have developed a prototype of a solar cell that generates fuel instead of electricity. Using only the electricity generated from a solar cell to split water to produce hydrogen gas is an efficient solution, but very expensive. So researchers are focusing their efforts on finding a semiconductor material that can convert sunlight into an electrical charge and split the water simultaneously to produce fuel. The latest prototype from researchers at EUT and FOM suggests that an all-inone solution lies in using gallium phosphide (GaP) nanowires. \"By processing the GaP using tiny nanowires, the yield is boosted by a factor of ten, while using 10,000 times less precious material,\" according to a EUT press release about the study. Although GaP is conductive, it cannot absorb and store light easily when it is a large flat surface, like in GaP solar cells. To solve this issue, the researchers \"made a grid of very small GaP nanowires, measuring 500 nm long and 90 nm thick, which immediately boosted the yield of hydrogen by a factor of ten to 2.9%,\" according to the press release. \"That makes these kinds of cells potentially a great deal cheaper ... and GaP is also able to extract oxygen from the water-so you then actually have a fuel cell in which you can temporarily store your solar energy,\" Erik Bakkers, professor at EUT and research leader, says in the release. The EUT/FOM paper, published in Nature Communications, is \"Efficient water reduction with gallium phosphide nanowires\" (DOI: 10.1038/ ncomms882). Credit: Eindhoven University of Technology Dual-band electrochromic oxide coatings for smarter than ever windows Smarter windows might be a consumer reality in the not-too-distant future. The materials currently being developed and studied by researchers at the University of Texas at Austin allow windows to pass light through without transferring heat and, conversely, to block out light while allowing heat transmission. Delia Milliron, associate professor in the chemical engineering department at the University Texas at Austin, and her team describe how the new materials work in two new research papers. In 2013, when Milliron was a chemist at Berkeley Lab, she and her team were the first to develop smart windows based on dual-band electrochromic materials that \"blend two materials with distinct optical properties for selective control of visible and heat-producing near-infrared light (NIR),\" according to a UT Austin news release about the study. In their previous research, the team used a small electric current to independently control the amount of light and energy released on and through a nanocrystal material. Since then, they have \"engineered two new advancements in electrochromic materials—a highly selective cool mode and a warm mode-not thought possible several years ago,\" according to the release. According to the abstract of the paper published in Nano Letters, the functional materials are \"two active electrochromic materials, vacancy-doped tungsten oxide (WO 3-4) nano crystals and amorphous niobium oxide (NbO) glass\" that are \"arranged into a mesostructured architecture.\" The cool mode technology works thanks to the team\'s newly developed nanostructured architecture for electrochromic materials that allows for a cool mode to block NIR (the hot stuff) but still lets visible light through. This would be a summertime solution-anyone indoors would not have to pull the shades to keep heat at bay. Electron micrograph of an array of gallium phosphide nanowires. 18 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Electrochromic oxide coatings that selectively block light or heat might be used to develop smarter windows that reduce energy use and keep building occupants more comfortable. The warm mode concept works in the opposite way—it is a simple coating that blocks visible light, but lets in the heat. This would be ideal for anyone indoors on a bright-but-cold winter day that wanted to take advantage of the sun\'s heat, but reduce glare. \"We believe our new architected nanocomposite could be seen as a model material, establishing the ideal design for a dual-band electrochromic material,\" Milliron says in the news release. \"This material could be ideal for application as a smart electrochromic window for buildings.\" From an economic perspective, giving precise control to indoor occupants when it comes to managing just how much heat and sunlight passes through a window could greatly shrink heating and cooling costs for homes and buildings. The cool-mode concept paper, published in Nano Letters, is \"Nanocomposite architecture for rapid, spectrally-selective electrochromic modulation of solar transmittance\" (DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02197). The warm mode concept paper, published in Journal of the American Chemical Society, is \"Nanocomposite architecture for rapid, spectrally-selective electrochromic modulation of solar transmittance\" (DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett. 5b02197). find your vendors with ceramicSOURCE ceramicsource.org Credit: USDA.gov; Flickr CC BY 2.0 TURBULA® SHAKER-MIXER For homogeneous mixing of powdered materials. Excels with oxides and other blends with varying densities. A MILL FOR EVERY JOB! Specializing in lab/ pilot size jet mills, ball mills, planetary ball mills, hammer mills, mortar & pestles (electric too!), centrifugal mills, cross beater mills, dish and puck mills, etc... Call: 973-777-0777 mlen Mills INC. 220 Delawanna Ave., Clifton, NJ 07014 Fax: 973-777-0070 www.glenmills.com staff@glenmills.com ŵ WINNER TECHNOLOGY IN KOREA Choose among the MoSi2 Heating Element!! 1700°C, 1800°C, and 1900°C from Korean-made. Paste Product Formulation for Screen Printing & Photolithography. Products: Ag, Ag/Pd, Cu, W, Mo/Mn paste, etc. KR 18/28 20/20 CR WINNER TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD TEL: +82-31-683-1867~9 FAX: +82+31+683+1870 Email: info@winnertechnology.co.kr Homepage: www.winnertechnology.co.kr Address: #581-17, Geumgok-ri, Anjung-eup, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 19 research briefs New observations could lead to engineering of ductile, yet strong, ceramics Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles have made new observations that could help design ultra-high-temperature ceramics that overcome the materials\' biggest limitation-brittleness. Their results are published as an invited feature in the Journal of the American Ceramic Society and don the cover of the journal\'s August issue. Ultra-high-temperature ceramics, as the name implies, have some of the highest melting points of known materials. And the materials have a few added bonuses: high hardness, high strength, good wear resistance, high thermal conductivity, and good chemical and thermal stability. The UCLA team tested transition-metal carbides zirconium carbide and tantalum carbide, observing how the materials atomically behaved under compression within a transmission electron microscope. These transition-metal carbides-along with other carbides and nitrides of group IV and V transition metals-have unique ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds that give the materials their useful properties. με Credit: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory \"Researchers know that these materials are exceptionally hard,\" says Suneel Kodambaka, UCLA associate professor of materials science and engineering and senior author of the new study, in an email. \"They also know that some of these compounds exhibit limited ductility. Despite this knowledge from ~50 years ago, we have not progress Electron micrograph of a micrometer-scale carbide pillar carved made much out of a single crystal using focused ion beams. regarding the development of structurally tough transitionmetal carbides.\" Kodambaka and his team-which included colleague Jenn-Ming Yang and graduate student Sara Kiani-sought to fill that knowledge gap. “The scientific driver for these tests was simple: Determine the slip systems and gain fundamental understanding of the plastic deformation mechanisms operating at room temperature in these materials,\" Kodambaka explains in the email. By looking at just single crystals of zirconium carbide and tantalum carbide, the scientists noticed that the materials deformed under compression at room temperature. Importantly, the observations showed how the crystals slip. \"Our experimental results reaffirmed what has been known in the communitythat transition-metal carbides exhibit ductility,\" Kodambaka says in the email. “Our new contributions to this existing field are as follows: 1) identification of easy slip systems operating at room temperature; 2) these easy slip systems, contrary to popular belief, need not be the same ({110}<110>), as in rock-salt-structured ionic crystals, but depend on the transition-metal carbide; and 3) collection of crystal-size-dependent yielding data provides new insights into possible mechanisms by which slip occurs in these crystals.\" Research News Engineered hybrid crystal opens new frontiers for high-efficiency lighting Researchers at the University of Toronto (Ontario, Canada) have combined two promising solar cell materials for the first time, creating a new platform for LED technology. The team designed a way to embed strongly luminescent colloidal quantum dots into perovskite. The result is a black crystal that relies on the perovskite matrix to \"funnel\" electrons into the quantum dots, which are extremely efficient at converting electricity to light. The main challenge was aligning the orientation of the two crystal structures by heteroexpitaxy. The team engineered a way to connect the atomic \"ends\" of the two crystalline structures so that they aligned smoothly, without defects forming at the seams. The resulting heterogeneous material is the basis for a new family of highly energy-efficient near-infrared LEDs. For more information, visit news.engineering.utoronto.ca. Scalable arrays of \'building blocks\' for ultrathin electronics Researchers at Oak Ridge National Lab (Oak Ridge, Tenn.) have combined a novel synthesis process with commercial electron-beam lithography techniques to produce arrays of semiconductor junctions in arbitrary patterns within a single, nanometer-thick semiconductor crystal. The process relies on transforming patterned regions of one existing, single-layer crystal into another. The researchers first grew single, nanometerthick layers of molybdenum diselenide crystals on substrates and then deposited protective patterns of silicon oxide using standard lithography techniques. Then they bombarded the exposed regions of the crystals with a laser-generated beam of sulfur atoms. The sulfur atoms replaced the selenium atoms in the crystals to form molybdenum disulfide, which has a crystal structure almost identical with molybdenum diselenide. The two semiconductor crystals formed sharp junctions, the desired building blocks of electronics. For more information, visit ornl.gov. 20 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 So what do the observations mean? \"One can, in principle, use all of this new information to design polycrystalline transition-metal carbides with proper grain sizes and grain orientations that are most conducive for plastic deformation at room temperature,” Kodambaka says in an email. \"It also is known in the literature that the mechanical properties of these carbides depend sensitively on their composition. Therefore, it is possible that, by choosing the appropriate alloying elements, ductility can be increased while retaining mechanical strength—i.e., make tough ceramics.\" But, Kodambaka warns that may not be as easy as he makes it seem. \"Both of these [possibilities], however, are not trivial tasks and will require an iterative combination of multiscale modeling and experimental synthesis and testing studies to identify the optimal microstructures and compositions that will lead to high toughness. Probably an easier goal is the fabrication of thin (submicrometer) and flexible membranes made of these materials for miniature structural components for MEMS and NEMS devices.\" However, the possibilities stretch much further. Ductile, yet hard, ceramics would be superior materials for aerospace applications of all sorts, radiation-resistant foils for solar sails, and more. The paper is \"Nanomechanics of refractory transition-metal carbides: A path to discovering plasticity in hard ceramics\" (DOI: 10.1111/jace.13686). Glass-based paint could take the heat off outdoor metal structures A team of scientists from Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (Laurel, Md.) has developed a glass-based paint that reflects light off metal surfaces to keep them cool and protects those surfaces from corrosion accelerated by sunlight. They presented their research Aug. 17 at the 250th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society in Boston. Starbar and Moly-D elements are made in the U.S.A. with a focus on providing the highest quality heating elements and service to the global market. FR -- 50 years of service and reliability 50 1964-2014 I Squared R Element Co., Inc. Akron, NY Phone: (716) 542-5511 Fax: (716)542-2100 Email: sales@isquaredrelement.com www.isquaredrelement.com ENGINEERED SOLUTIONS FOR POWDER COMPACTION O Gasbarre | PTX-Pentronix | Simac HIGH SPEED, MECHANICAL, AND HYDRAULIC POWDER COMPACTION PRESSES FOR UNPRECEDENTED ACCURACY, REPEATABILITY, AND PRODUCTIVITY Narrowing the gap between synthetic and natural graphene Researchers with the European Union research initiative Graphene Flagship have developed a novel variant on the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process that yields high-quality graphene in a scalable manner. This advance should significantly narrow the performance gap between synthetic and natural graphene. The researchers devised a method for peeling graphene flakes from a CVD substrate with the help of intermolecular forces. Key to the process is the strong van der Waals interaction that exists between graphene and hexagonal boron nitride, another 2-D material within which it is encapsulated. The key is to transfer CVD graphene from its growth substrate in such a way that chemical contamination is avoided. The process allows for reuse of catalyst copper foils in further growth cycles and minimizes contamination of graphene caused by processing. For more information, visit graphene-flagship.eu. GASBARRE PRESS GROUP American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org MONOSTATIC AND DENSOMATIC ISOSTATIC PRESSES FEATURING DRY BAG PRESSING 814.371.3015 www.gasbarre.com See us at MS&T15, Booth 613 21 research briefs Jason Benkoski, senior scientist at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, and his team designed a silica-based paint to \"reflect all sunlight and passively radiate heat, keeping damage from the sun at bay,\" according to a video produced by ACS about the research. \"Most of your damage, whether it\'s corrosion or aging or any other type of deterioration, gets accelerated at high temperatures,\" Benkoski says in the video. ... To develop the new paint, Benkoski used \"a lot of chemistry and a lot of laundry hampers,\" as he demonstrates in the video. He measured the temperatures of various experimental coatings by placing test plates inside hampers to control for wind and ground temperature. \"It was a pretty inexpensive solution that actually controls for convection it controls for conduction and it\'s really convenient,” Benkoski says. Back in the lab, Benkoski settled on paint derived from silica, one of the most abundant materials on earth, and the main compound in glass. \"Most paints you use on your car or house are based on polymers, which degrade in the ultraviolet light rays of the sun,\" Benkoski says in a related ACS news release. “So over time you\'ll Screen capture from American Chemical Society\'s video about new glass-based paint developed at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory that keeps metal surfaces cool and protected from corrosion. Trapped light orbits within an intriguing material Light becomes trapped as it orbits within tiny granules of a crystalline material that has increasingly intrigued physicists, a team from the University of California, San Diego, has found. The material, hexagonal boron nitride, recently has been found to bend electromagnetic energy in unusual and potentially useful ways. The new research elaborates how trapped light behaves inside granules of hexagonal boron nitride. Phonon polaritons disobey standard laws of reflection as they bounce through the granules, but their movement is not random. Polariton rays propagate along paths at fixed angles with respect to the atomic structure of the material, the team reports. When that happens, “hot spots\" of strongly enhanced electrical fields can emerge and form elaborate geometric patterns. The analysis illustrates the way light is stored inside the material. For more information, visit ucsdnews.ucsd.edu. American Chemical Society; YouTube have chalking and yellowing. Polymers also tend to give off volatile organic compounds, which can harm the environment. That\'s why I wanted to move away from traditional polymer coatings to inorganic glass ones.\" And because it is almost entirely inorganic, it will last a lot longer than those more conventional, polymerbased paints. \"It\'s almost like painting a rock on top of your metal. This thing\'s going to last not for tens of years, but maybe hundreds of years,\" Benkoski says in the video. Benkoski\'s lab is developing the paint primarily for use on naval ships, but it has many other commercial applications-including cars, roofs, and outdoor equipment. The team plans to begin field-testing the material in about two years, so stay tuned for further developments. Proton-conducting zirconate may fuel advancement, lower cost of ceramic fuel cells Researchers at Colorado School of Mines have propelled fuel cell innovation forward with their latest report on a new ceramic material and production technique that holds big promise for fuel-cell-filled futures. Their results are published in Science. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with high operating temperatures require more \'Sandwiching\' atomic layers expands possibilities for energy storage materials Using a method they invented for joining disparate elemental layers into a stable material with uniform, predictable properties, Drexel University (Philadelphia, Pa.) researchers are testing an array of new combinations that may vastly expand the options available to create faster, smaller, more efficient energy storage, advanced electronics, and wear-resistant materials. The method can sandwich 2-D sheets of elements that otherwise could not be combined in a stable way. The team proved its effectiveness by creating two entirely new, layered 2-D materials using molybdenum, titanium, and carbon. Now, with the help of theoretical calculations, the team predicts that it can use this method to make as many as 25 new materials with combinations of transition metals. For more information, visit drexel.edu. 22 22 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 energy input to achieve those temperatures and require construction with more expensive heat-resistant materials. So there are several advantages to lowering operating temperatures of future fuel cells, including lowering their cost, too. Alternative fuel cell membrane materials have been developed relatively recently to do just that, one of the most promising of which is yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY). BZY-membrane-containing fuel cells generate energy from the conduction of protons, specifically hydrogen ions, whereas conventional SOFCs rely on oxygen-ion conduction. Proton conduction through oxides has a lower activation energy, generally, than oxygen-ion conduction. So there are fundamental differences between these technologies that hinder direct translation of advancements. \"However, the high grain-boundary resistance and fabrication challenges associated with this refractory material system have, until now, constrained its application,\" the Science paper remarks about BZY membranes. The Colorado Mines team\'s latest research solves both of those problems and demonstrates a prototype PCFC with good performance at a cool 350°C-500°C and power densities of 100-445 mW/cm². Individual fabrication of fuel cells\' layers creates interfacial weakness. So instead, the Colorado Mines team pioneered a single-step approach, using solid-state reactive sintering to fire the full cell-anode, electrolyte, and cathode-all together. 0.1 The researchers also fabricated a new material to address some of the limitations of BZY. The team fashioned a perovskite cathode composed of a transition-metal-doped derivative of BZY, BaCo Fe Zr Y13-8 (BCFZY01). Adding a copper oxide and nickel oxide \"magic pixie dust\" to the ceramic allowed the team to reduce the solid-state reactive-sintering temperature to 1,450°C. This new lower temperature is below barium\'s vaporization point, meaning that the resulting membrane composition is much more homogeneous than previous attempts. The team tested the performance of the new cells compared to those created with conventional membrane mateTechnology can expand LED lighting, cutting energy use and greenhouse gas emissions More widespread adoption of light-emitting diode (LED) technology has been hindered by high costs caused by limited availability of raw materials and difficulties in achieving acceptable light quality. Rutgers University (New Brunswick, N.J.) researchers report that they have overcome these obstacles and developed a less expensive, more sustainable white LED. They combine common, earth-abundant metals with organic luminescent molecules to produce phosphors that emit a controllable white light from LEDs. By varying the metal and organic components, researchers can systematically tune the color of the phosphors by adjusting bandgaps and optical emissions that cover the entire visible range. As a result, LEDs can be fine-tuned to create a warmer white light, similar to cheaper but inefficient incandescent lights. For more information, visit acs.org. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org FUEL CELL PARKING ONLY New proton-conducting zirconate membrane materials could lower the operating temperature—and the cost-of ceramic fuel cells and make ceramic fuel cell vehicles viable. rials. According to a Science news report, the researchers\' innovations allowed them to create cells with almost double the power of one hydrogen SOFC. \"Our work demonstrates a proton-conducting ceramic fuel cell that generates electricity off of either hydrogen or methane fuel and runs at much lower temperatures [than] that [of] conventional ceramic fuel cells,\" senior author and Colorado Mines materials scientist Ryan O\'Hayre says in a Colorado Mines press release. “We achieved this advance by developing a new air electrode for our fuel cell that is highly active, even at lower temperatures, because it is a triple-conducting electrode (it conducts electron holes, oxygen ions, and protons all at the same time), and we applied a relatively new fabrication method that greatly reduces the complexity and cost for the fuel cell fabrication.\" Combining the higher power with the lower operating temperature of just 500°C might allow the new membrane to bring fuel cells into more mainstream applications by significantly reducing their cost. The challenge—as usual—will be in scale up. ACerS members Michael Sanders and Sandrine Ricote also are authors on the paper. The paper is \"Readily processed protonic ceramic fuel cells with high performance at low temperatures\" (DOI: 10.1126/ science.aab3987). Ceramic Tech Today blog www.ceramics.org/ceramictechtoday Online research, papers, policy news, interviews and weekly video presentations 23 Credit: Niall Kennedy; Flickr CC BY-NC 2.0 research briefs Phase-change ceramic stores energy and releases it under pressure Scientists at the University of Tokyo have discovered a unique ceramic that can store heat long term and release it on demand, opening up new possibilities for a variety of energy storage systems. The material, stripe-type trititanium pentoxide, undergoes a solid-solid phase change upon absorption of heat from beta-trititanium pentoxide to lambda-trititanium pentoxide, which can store that energy stably for long periods of time. This is where the new ceramic diverges from most other heat storage materials, which can store energy for a short time only and release it spontaneously. Bricks, for example, are good heat storage materials-they can absorb a fair amount of heat, but how and when that heat is released cannot be controlled. Lambda-trititanium pentoxide, however, is different. It can release long-stored energy under pressure. When scientists applied a relatively weak pressure of just 60 MPa, lambda-trititanium pentoxide released its stored energy and returned to its beta phase. (At 60 MPa, half of the lambda converted to beta.) In addition to heat, the material can absorb energy from an electric current or light irradiation, expanding its potential applications even wider. The material can cyclically absorb and release a fair amount of energy-230 kJ/L. And it has good thermal conductivity, with values similar to brick. The authors speculate their new material might be useful to collect energy in solar heat power generation systems, industrial heat waste, and advanced electronics that make use of the materials\' pressure sensitivity. In addition to its heat storage uses, the material might find application in sensor and switching memory device applications, according to the paper\'s abstract. The open-access paper, published in Nature Communications, is \"External stimulation-controllable heat-storage ceramics\" (DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8037). (a) Heat-Pressure Beta-trititanium-pentoxide Heat Lambda-trititanium-pentoxide 03. Ti TO 04T12 02-01 Absorption Heat energy 230 kJ L-1 Release Weak Pressure (60 MPa) (b) Electric current-Pressure Beta-trititanium-pentoxide 02 Current Lambda-trititanium-pentoxide Heat-storage Heat energy Release Pressure (c) Light-Pressure Beta-trititanium-pentoxide Light Lambda-trititanium-pentoxide Heat-storage Heat energy Release (light-irradiated area) Pressure A unique ceramic material stores energy delivered as (a) heat, (b) electric current, or (c) light irradiation, and releases energy with weak applied pressure. Clay sheets stack to form proton conductors Northwestern University (Evanston, III.) researchers have developed a cheaper, more stable proton-conducting system using clay. When 2-D sheets of the clay vermiculite are exfoliated in water, they carry negative charges, attracting positively charged protons. After the sheets dry, they self-assemble into paperlike films. Nanometer spacing between the layers serves as nanochannels that can concentrate protons for conduction. Compared to graphene-based sheets and other 2-D materials, clay layers have significant advantages-they are readily available, can be exfoliated in water, and have extraordinary chemical and thermal stability, capable of withstanding temperatures higher than 500°C. The simplicity of the material-processing techniques required to produce such 2-D nanochannels makes it easy to scale up. For more information, visit mccormick.northwestern.edu/news. Nanowires highly ‘anelastic,\' research shows Researchers from Brown University (Providence, R.I.) and North Carolina State University (Raleigh, N.C.) have found that nanowires made of zinc oxide are highly anelastic. The work showed that, after bending stress was released, wires returned to about 80% of their original shape quickly. But they recovered the rest of their original shape over the course of ~30 minutes. That is a far more prominent anelastic effect than is common at the macroscale. The team\'s model suggests that anelasticity results from impurities in the wires\' crystal lattice. To further test whether anelasticity was rooted in impurities, the team tested wires of silicon doped with boron impurities, which also were anelastic. The findings suggest that anelasticity is likely a common property of singlecrystal nanowires. For more information, visit news.brown.edu. 24 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Credit: Shin-ichi Ohkoshi; University of Tokyo advances in nanomaterials Is producing \'defective\' graphene the new scale-up solution? The race to find the answer for manufacturing cost-effective, commercially viable graphene might have reached a new level. As the time-to-market gap for commercially viable graphene in electronic applications continues to shrink, researchers at National Cheng Kung University in Taiwan have developed a simple, cost-effective approach to produce graphene in a way that they say broadens the material\'s potential commercial applications—they are calling it \"defective\" graphene. The method is electrochemical exfoliation-an \"electrochemical approach, which allows defects to intentionally be created in the graphene, altering its electrical and mechanical properties and making the material even more useful,\" according to a news release from the Institute of Physics about the research. According to the paper\'s abstract, Mario Hoffmann with an example setup of the electrochemical synthesis. the process starts with solvent intercalation, which influences thickness of the resulting graphene. The team then uses electrochemical water decomposition to bubble gas through graphite, exfoliating individual graphene sheets. Varying the voltage allows researchers to control graphene\'s thickness, flake Ceramic and Glass Students: make your plans now to attend the new Winter Workshop, January 22-25, 2016! • Professional Development Sessions • Technical Sessions • EMA16 popular \"Failure―The Greatest Teacher,\" and Kennedy Space Center Tour included • ICACC\'16 welcome reception and plenary session included Proposed Topics: • Optics • Probing Thermal Properties at Grain Boundaries • Advanced Spectroscopy Techniques Utilizing the Terahertz Regime • Perfecting Your Personal \"Elevator Pitch\" • Using Social Media to your Advantage Tips for Interviewing • Effective Networking Techniques from Career Services Professionals Registration fee is $350 per student, which includes all activities and three nights of hotel (Friday and Saturday— Orlando; Sunday-Daytona), food, and transportation. Get more information at ceramics.org/winterworkshop. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 25 Credit: IOP advances in nanomaterials area, and number of defects. These all alter properties of graphene and increase the material\'s potential for a broader range of commercial applications. \"Graphene is basically a metal, so it\'s somewhat boring,\" explains Mario Hofmann, a researcher at National Cheng Kung University, in the release. \"But when you start adding defects you begin to get interesting effects.\" The researchers use a \"system of pulsed instead of continuous voltages, allowing them to unravel the exfoliation mechanism,\" the release explains. Just by monitoring the solution\'s transparency, the team found it could gather \"quantitative information on the efficiency and onset of exfoliation.” Hoffman and his team say precise control over the types of defects could uncover more potential uses for graphene in electronic applications and drug delivery, too. Order Your The team is not the only one on a mission to develop graphene for use in a broader range of commercial applications. The National Physical Laboratory (Teddington, U.K.) Quantum Detection Group recently published research that examines the hydrophobicity of epitaxial graphene, which could pave the way for 400 nm 1 nm Progressively zoomed-in images of graphene nanoribbons grown on germanium. The ribbons automatically align perpendicular to one another and naturally grow with armchair edges oriented along the carbon-carbon bond direction. developing new methods to better tailor graphene coatings to applications in medicine, electronics, and more. The \"defective\" graphene paper, ceramics.org/pcsasciencekits Materials Science Kits Today! ACerS\' PCSA presents KOUL The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org President\'s Council of Student Advisors materials science teaching kits Materials science demonstration and laboratory kits give 7th to 12th grade students an introduction to the basic classes of materials. Order your kits today! published in IOPscience\'s Nanotechnology, is \"Controlling the properties of graphene produced by electrochemical exfoliation\" (DOI: 10.1088/09574484/26/33/335607). The NPL paper, published in the American Chemical Society\'s ACS Nano, is \"Thickness-dependent hydrophobicity of epitaxial graphene\" (DOI: 10.1021/ acsnano.5b03220). Promising new approach to manufacture graphene could be key to faster, more efficient electronics The buzz continues when it comes to the potential use of graphene in commercially available electronics. The time-to-market gap for commercially viable graphene in electronic applications might have shrunk even more, according to recent research from the Advanced Materials for Energy and Electronics Group at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Michael Scott Arnold, associate professor in the materials science and engineering department at UW-Madison, and his engineering team demonstrate a promising new approach to manufacture a crucial form of graphene in a paper published Aug. 10 in Nature Communications. 26 26 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Credit: Arnold Research Group and Guisinger Research Group Graphene\'s single-layer thickness, toughness, and supreme mechanical and thermal properties make it an ideal choice for developing electronic, optoelectronic, and electromechanical devices and sensors. But scaling up commercially viable graphene for electronic applications has been complicated and expensive. So Arnold and his team have developed a promising new technique for manufacturing graphene-ultrathin ribbons of graphene, to be exact—that can be made into high-performing transistors in digital-processing applications. The technique involves growing \"graphene nanoribbons with desirable semiconducting properties directly on a conventional germanium semiconductor wafer,\" according to a UW-Madison College of Engineering news release about the research. But to harness graphene\'s electronic properties in semiconductor applications where currents need to be switched on and off, \"graphene nanoribbons need to be less than 10 nanometers wide, which is phenomenally narrow, and have smooth, well-defined ‘armchair\' edges in which the carbon-carbon bonds are parallel to the length of the ribbon,\" accord ing to the news release. \"What we\'ve discovered is that when graphene grows on germanium, it naturally forms nanoribbons with these very smooth, armchair edges,\" Arnold says. \"The widths can be very, very narrow, and the lengths of the ribbons can be very long, so all the desirable features we want in graphene nanoribbons are happening automatically with this technique,\" Arnold says in the release. This breakthrough \"could allow manufacturers to easily use graphene nanoribbons in hybrid integrated circuits, which promise to significantly boost the performance of next-generation electronic devices,\" according to the news release. Critically, Arnold says this technique is easily scalable for mass production and can be integrated into existing systems of semiconductor processing. \"Graphene nanoribbons that can be grown directly on the surface of a semiconductor like germanium are more compatible with planar processing that\'s used in the semiconductor industry, and, so, there would be less of a barrier to integrating these really excellent materials into electronics in the future,\" Arnold says in the release. The paper, published in Nature Communications, is \"Direct oriented growth of armchair graphene nanoribbons on germanium\" (DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9006). Reduce research time and avoid costly experimentation with ACerS-NIST critically-evaluated phase diagrams for ceramic systems. Buy 4.0 DVD version of Phase Equilibria by November 30, 2015, get the new version 4.1 FREE in Jan., 2016! ORDER TODAY ORDER NOW Single User License: $950 Multi User Licence: $1,625 VERSION 4.0 PHASE EQUILIBRIA DIAGRAMS FOR CERAMIC SYSTEMS The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org N NIST ceramics.org/phase | 866-721-3322 | 240-646-7054 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 27 22 28 Lanterns in Seoul. bulletin cover story Korea\'s core competencies By Alex Talavera and Randy B. Hecht Korea\'s research and private sector leaders target advances in environmental protection and energy efficiency. he Korean people can trace their hisThe tory back 700,000 years, as evidenced by Paleolithic implements discovered at such sites as Geomeunmoru Cave in Sangwon and Durubong Cave in Cheongwon. The people of that distant era had at least this much in common with their descendants in contemporary Korea: a talent for using materials at their disposal to create innovative solutions. Those artifacts are the prehistoric precursors to sophisticated ceramic tools and technologies being developed and marketed by Korea today-advances that play a significant role in the country\'s economic growth and prominence in the global economy. To get a sense of the size, scope, and potential of ceramic export opportunity in Korea, consider that in 2014, ceramic application exports to the United States alone generated $790.4 million, and they are expected to rise 21% to $953.7 million in 2015. The biggest contributors to the 2014 figure were cutting and digging tools ($152.5 million); precision machine control ($107.5 million); glass ($80.6 million); cement, lime, and plaster ($60.9 million); and semiconductors and display products ($56.4 million). These exports are expected to see a continued gradual rise, aided by supports provided by the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement. Growth rates are significant enough that the Korean government has promoted projects designed to support the sector\'s ability to ensure that its manufacturing capacity keeps pace with market demand. For example, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy has sponsored a project devoted to \"development of product application technology linked to demand www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 of nanomaterials,\" and the Small and Medium Business Administration is promoting \"development of new prod ucts for conditional purchase.\" Market demand also creates pressure to increase the number of skilled professionals in the industry, and the Ministry of Education has responded by launching a Leaders in Industry-University Cooperation program, whose aim is to increase employment rate by placing students in internships and providing them with classroom training that is customized to industry demands. On the research front, activity generally follows one of two directions. \"First mover R&D\" is intended \"to lead future market through developing world-class core materials and promoting early commercialization,\" while \"fast follower R&D❞ facilitates accelerate follow-up on world market opportunities by analyzing products to identify demand for materials. Nanotechnology Look to see increased activity in Korean research and development with regard to nanotechnology, which the government believes will contribute to jobs growth. To that end, it supports collaboration among universities, industry, and research institutes to encourage creation of new industry and strengthen support to small and medium enterprisOur panel of experts Zonghoon Lee\'s UNIST research team poses in front of an advanced transmission electron microscope. From left are Jongyeong Lee, Zonghoon Lee, GyeongHee Ryu, and HyoJu Park. es. At the same time, government policy has committed to “enhancing global competiveness of major industries, such as nanoelectronics, nanomaterials, nanobio, nanoenergy, and other nano-related industries,\" our panel said. \"The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy has also intensified investment for R&D of 13 future growth engine areas, such as nano-based biomimetic devices, wearable smart devices, unmanned aerial vehicles, advanced materials machining systems, and carbon materials, to create items leading to economic improvement in the future.\" The government has identified 30 future core technologies in five industries for the industrialization of nanotechnology to meet demand of future society. Among them are nanosensors for the internet of things (IoT), MEMS nanotechnology for For this year\'s international report on Korea, Hai-Doo Kim-president of the Korea Institute of Materials Science, chairman of PacRim 11, Academician at the World Academy of Ceramics, and a Fellow of the American Ceramic Society-assembled a panel of distinguished experts to provide information about the Korean ceramic industry and its role in the semiconductor, automotive, energy, and defense sectors. Their aggregated comments and insights are reflected in this article. Included on the panel were: • Professor Hyeong Joon Kim, Seoul National University, president of the Korean Ceramic Society • Professor Jong-Heun Lee, Korea University • Professor Young Soo Yoon, Gachon University • Professor Wook Jo, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology • Professor Soo Wohn Lee, Sun Moon University • Professors Sang-Im Yoo and Seong-Hyeon Hong, Seoul National University • Jo-Woong Ha, president of InnoCera.com, Korea . Byung Ik Kim, vice president, and Sung-Min Lee, principal researcher, Korean Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology • Hae-Weon Lee and Jong-Ho Lee, principal researchers at Korea Institute of Science and Technology • Young-Jo Park, Chul-Jin Choi, Sang-Kwan Lee, and Jong-Jin Choi, principal researchers at Korea Institute of Materials Science bio, and flexible high-energy harvesting and saving nanomaterials. \"It should be noted that about 50% of the nanotechnology companies in Korea are related to materials. The convergence between nanomaterials and various new technologies will be the key for future advances in nanotechnology.\" Semiconductors Korea produces 60-70% of semiconductor supplies, and that trend is expected to continue at least \"for a while,” our panel said, owing to limited competition and rising demand in the memory semiconductor space, particularly with the emergence of IoT. \"As you know, the semiconductor companies in Korea, Samsung and SK Hynix, are so competitive and have a world market share of more than 60% in memory semiconductors like DRAM and NAND flash. But in system application semiconductors like logic devices and application processors, Korea\'s world market share is less than 10%. However, it is hard to predict the long-term trend since the present shrinkage technology in semiconductor processing almost reaches its limit.\" Our panel drew attention to two areas of particular interest the semiconductor sector. \"First, semiconductor industry demand is shifting to ceramic parts with less particulate contamination, because two semiconductor giants of Korea, Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix, are focusing on advanced nanotechnology below 20 nm, and thus they need suitable ceramic materials that at this time can be provided only by Korean ceramic companies. Second is the development of highly functional ceramic parts such as electrostatic chucks, ceramic heaters, American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 29 Korea\'s core competencies DEAR TH0611 THD602 and ceramic cathodes. Those parts are so important for the development of new semiconductor processing technology that there is a strong need for domestic development and production, which provides the semiconductor industry more freedom in development of new nanotechnology. But intellectual property can be a major barrier.\" Despite these developments, the panel reported that to date, \"Korean universities and students do not have much interest in ceramics for semiconductor suppliers.\" Industry itself has stepped in to address the shortfall between its requirements and activity on campus. For example, Samsung founded Sungkyunkwan University\'s Department of Semiconductor Engineering \"to educate students who can work at Samsung immediately after graduation.\" Initiatives of this kind, which create a direct link between areas of academic concentration and opportunities for employment, are expected to influence student interest in specific areas of ceramic research and development. Automotive Korea\'s automotive industry is experiencing growth in the Asian and Latin American markets. Are Korean ceramic and carbon fiber manufacturers under pressure to reduce the cost of their automotive components to meet price demands in those markets? \"Korean automotive companies themselves are under pressure to improve performance with reasonable prices rather than to reduce the cost,\" our panel said. \"For fuel efficiency improvement, for example, they are TSG 01 SK Hynix is the second largest manufacturer of memory semiconductor. interested in utilizing lightweight bodies using carbon fiber, hybridized systems of combustion engines and electrical motors, and green engines using hydrogen gas. In contrast, Korean companies, such as Hyosung and Taekwang, have already developed and been producing carbon fibers. They are also trying to reduce production cost of the carbon fiber to $10~13/kg, which is required by automotive manufacturers, one of the largest sources of demand. For example, they are focused on applying low cost precursors and developing innovative carbonization processes as well as producing large tow carbon fibers.\" These demands have also sparked research and development activities through a consortium that includes material suppliers, part manufacturers, research institutes, universities, and finished-product manufacturers in Korea. \"They have developed portfolio technologies for carbon fiber reinforced composite parts, including low cost carbon fiber, new resin with fast cure and high heat resistance, fast liquid molding process, and new design technology for composite automotive bodies. It is, of course, that improvement of performance and durability as well as a cost-down of Korean companies, such as Hyosung and Taekwang, produce carbon fibers. 30 Ridge National Laboratory; Flickr CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 ceramic components are urgent issues to all manufacturers. The ceramic components made and applied in Korea are knock sensors, temperature sensors, gas sensors, spark plugs, heaters, ultrasonic sensors, pressure sensors, anti-frictioncoatings, wear-resistant coatings, emission after-treatment systems, etc. It seems that all the manufacturers\' R&D priority is to reduce cost. Further, carbon fibers and ceramic fibers for automotive applications in Korea are faced with both cost balance and performance improvement. Therefore, manufacturers are developing optimal processing technology for ensuring both high performance and competitive price. For example, there is ongoing R&D for improvement of product capacity of composite components through developing rapid-hardening technology of fiber and resin and for fuel efficiency improvement and competitive price through hybridizing carbon fibers and basalt fibers.\" What are the next steps or emerging trends that are most important to watch in Korean ceramic advances for the automotive industry? The panel pointed to application of ceramic fiber composites, such as SiC fiber composites. These are expected to deliver engine and breaker parts that feature long-term durability, ultra-light weight, and the ability to work in hightemperature and high-friction conditions. In addition, “environmentally friendly basalt fiber with low-cost benefits could be applied to automotive components.\" Energy What impact have new developments in fuel cell technology had on improved fuel efficiency and environmental performance? \"A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a electrochemical www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Credit: SK Hynix; Youtube reaction. In general, as the energy conversion efficiency of fuel cell is much higher than that of Carnot engine, the fuel consumption and emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases can be reduced. Among fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are getting attention as a next generation environmentalfriendly electric power generation system, because SOFCs have 45%-65% thermal conversion efficiency and >85% of system efficiency through cogeneration system using waste heat. Recently, materials and processing technology have been developed to reduce operation temperature and improve durability and performance, so the application area of SOFC is expected to expand to not only households, buildings, and power plants, MCFC SYSTEM Posco Energy is the world\'s largest fuel cell producer, offering molten carbonate and solid oxide power systems. but also portable and transport auxiliary power supply,\" our panel said. \"In these circumstances, fuel cells are already competitive with regard to operating expenditure and greenhouse gas emission. This is why the Korean government always considers fuel cell technology as a main candidate for highly efficient and environmentally clean energy sources. Fuel cell systems, such as molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and SOFC power plants, led by Posco Directory of Korean ceramics industry, associations, universities, and institutes UNIVERSITIES Gachon University (461-701) 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Phone: 82-31-750-5114 Website: www.gachon.ac.kr/english Nanoscale biological research is a strong area of focus at the university, whose schools include a College of BioNano Technology. In addition, it operates the Gachon BioNano Research Institute. Founded in 2007, the Research Institute\'s objective is to “showcase innovative research and developing trends in fusion technology and nurture professionals in this field.\" Hanyang University Seoul campus: 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 ERICA campus: 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588 Phone: 82-2-2220-1421 Website: www.hanyang.ac.kr/english The Ceramic Materials Research Institute and the Institute of Nanoscience and Technology are among 44 centers of study within the university. Among the facilities within its National Research Laboratory are the Thin Film Electronic Materials, Nano SOI (Silicon-on-Insulator) Process, and KINETIC Coating Laboratories. The university offers a major in materials and chemical engineering (chemical, ceramic, textile, and advanced materials). Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) KAIST 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 Phone: 82-42-350-2114 Website: www.kaist.ac.kr/html/en KAIST describes its mission as \"fostering the growth of science and technology leaders with a business mindset.\" In keeping with its focus on bringing research ideas to market, the institution launched Startup KAIST to \"create an entrepreneurial culture based on science and technology.\" Aligned with this initiative is the work of the Office of University-Industry Collaboration, which works in turn with the Technology Commercialization Center and the Technology Business Incubation Center. Korea University 45 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-701 Phone: 82-2-3290-1152 Website: www.korea.ac.kr/mbshome/mbs/en/index.do Among the university\'s areas of research concentration are microelectronics and nanotechnology systems, where the focus is on \"studying microsystem and nanosystem design, optoelectronic devices, nanoscale devices, MEMS and NEMS fabrication, and microstructured and nanostructured materials,\" the website notes. The university also is home to a Microelectronics & Micro/Nano Systems Laboratory that pursues advances in microsystems and nanotechnology-based microsensors and microactuators. Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do Phone: 82-54-279-0114 Website: www.postech.ac.kr POSTECH is home to 64 research centers and many state-of-the-art research facilities, including Korea\'s only synchrotron radiation facility. Among its research institutes is the National Institute for Nanomaterials Technology, conceived as \"a core research center for the advancement and commercialization of nanotechnology.\" Seoul National University Gwanak Main Campus: 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 Phone: 82-2-880-4447 Website: en.snu.ac.kr Among the university\'s 16 colleges is the College of Engineering, home to the Department of Materials Science and Engineering. It also operates the Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and the Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, whose areas of research include energy semiconductors, nano-bio convergence, carbon dioxide recycling, green batteries, biomedical implant convergence, nano imaging and therapy, and nanoparticle innovation. Sungkyunkwan University Humanities and Social Sciences Campus: 25-2, Sungkyunkwan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul Natural Sciences Campus: 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeong Gi-do American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org Phone directory: www.skku.ac.kr/eng_home/skku/campusinfo/find_tel_02.jsp Website: www.skku.ac.kr/eng_home/index.jsp Sungkyunkwan University\'s history dates to 1398, but the school is keeping its focus on the future and its goal to be ranked among the top 100 universities in the world. As part of its strategy for achieving that goal, the university founded the SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) in 2005. Comprised of faculty and students, SAINT\'s interdisciplinary nanomaterials group is described as \"studying design, preparation, and integration of nanoscale materials and advanced nanotechnology-based application,\" the website says. Working with the financial support of the Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, it established a target of becoming one of the world\'s top five nanotechnology institutes. Sun Moon University Asan campus: Kalsan-ri, Tangjaong-myaon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 336-708 Phone: 82-41-530-2114 Chonan campus: Samyong-dong, Chonan-si, Chungnam, 330-150 Phone: 82-41-559-1214 Website: tulip.sunmoon.ac.kr/english/main.do The university\'s schools include the College of Advanced Materials Engineering, whose education and research programs focus on development and application of industrial materials at the core of the future industries. It conducts \"industrial on-site practical education associated with 2,000 materials-related small businesses.\" Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50, UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan Phone: +82 52 217 0114 Website: www.unist.ac.kr Since opening in 2009, UNIST is already a leading science and technology university, and the instituion aims to be a top ten-ranked science and technology university worldwide by 2030. UNIST operates a School of Materials Science and Engineering that is active in industry research. The school\'s two tracks, Advanced Materials Science and Nano Materials Engineering, merge research and education with industrial innovation. 31 Korea\'s core competencies Energy in Korea, are expected to hold a dominant position not only in fuel efficiency but also with regard to emission rates of CO2, NO, SO gases, and noise levels in comparison with traditional gasturbine based power generation systems. In addition, the Korean government has focused on proton and anion based membrane fuel cells, which require corrosion resistive catalyst structure.\" Defense Two trends are most prominent in ceramic research and development for the defense sector. The first relates to advances in ceramic applications that can function in extreme environments, and areas of focus include aerospace, rockets, and bulletproof materials. The second is precision sensor materials, with applications encompassing such areas as ultrasonic sensors, precision missile sensors, and infrared sensors. These materials are being developed primarily for the domestic market but are seen as having export potential over the long term. Finally, our panel offered this guidance and advice to U.S. companies that are interested in exploring trade, joint venture, or shared research opportunities with partners in Korea. \"Currently, Korea-U.S. joint research is activated at the government level, and the energy sector is especially active.\" The U.S. Department of Energy and Korea\'s Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning recently launched a joint venture, the International Nuclear Energy Research Initiative, “to develop nuclear power technology through a consortium with industry, university, and institute collaboration.\" The Department is also collaborating with Korea\'s Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy on \"international joint research for energy, so U.S. companies can participate in the joint research program and initiate shared research opportunities with partners in Korea. To participate in the I-NERI program, both sides must support equal research funds and the research proposal must be submitted to both countries.\" See our market snapshot for information about additional resources available to U.S. companies interested in joint ventures with Korean counterparts. Directory of Korean ceramics industry, associations, and institutes University of Seoul 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul Phone: 82-2-6490-6114 Website: english.uos.ac.kr Founded in 1918, the University of Seoul is a public institution with more than 10,000 students enrolled in seven undergraduate colleges and nearly 90 fields of study in the Graduate School. Three research centers are affiliated with the Institute: the Nanoscience & Technology Center, Seoul Jewelry Research Center, and High Performance Computing Research Center. Yonsei University 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul Directory: www.yonsei.ac.kr/eng/about/contacts/ index.asp Website: www.yonsei.ac.kr/eng Founded in 1885, Yonsei University is Korea\'s oldest private university and includes 18 graduate schools, 22 colleges, and 133 subsidiary institutions. Its Department of Materials Science and Engineering is building on a 50-year record of success in materials research. At the graduate level, its 280 students are engaged in the study of materials technology that has an impact on nanotechnology, biotechnology, and information, energy, space, structural, and clean technologies. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND INSTITUTES Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology (KICET) 101, Soho-ro, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 660-031 Phone: 82-55-792-2500 Website: www.kicet.re.kr/en As \"Korea\'s sole research institute specialized in ceramic technology,\" KICET, a government-sponsored entity, partners with Korean companies to provide them with research, development, testing, analysis, and technology support. Its area of concentration is the \"foundation technology\" intended to \"provide an independent growth platform for Korea\'s next-generation focus industries.\" Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH) 89, Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si Chungcheongnam-do 31056 Phone: 82-41-589-8235 Website: eng.kitech.re.kr/main Research at KITECH falls into three areas of concentration: root technology; manufacturing system technology; and industry convergence technology. The institute\'s work in these areas supports its economic focus, which is to strengthen the autonomy and economic viability of smalland medium-sized enterprises. Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam 51508 Directory: www.kims.re.kr/eng/sub. php?code=05_01&Radd=05_01 Website: www.kims.re.kr/eng KIMS is a government-funded research institute whose objective is \"to comprehensively facilitate R&D, test, and evaluation and provide technical support related to materials technology in order to promote innovative technology and industrial development.\" Its research divisions include Metal Materials, Powder & Ceramics, Surface Technology, Composites Research, Commercialization Research, and Industrial Technology Support & Safety. Korean Institute of Metals and Materials (KIM) 6th Floor, Seocho-daero 56-gil 38, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-881 Phone: 82-2-557-1071 Website: eng.kim.or.kr KIM was founded in 1946 to facilitate \"exchanges with institutes of metals and materials in other countries.\" A member of the International Organization of Materials, Metals, & Minerals Societies, KIM participates in conferences designed to promote science and technology exchanges and maintains relationships with member organizations, which, in the U.S., include ASM International, the Iron and Steel Society, and the Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society. Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792 Phone: 82-2-958-5114 Directory: eng.kist.re.kr/kist_eng/?sub_num=416 Website: eng.kist.re.kr/kist_eng/main Founded in 1966 as Korea\'s first science and technology research institute, the institute operates the KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products and the KIST Jeonbuk Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, which was established in 2008 \"to develop and disseminate composite material related original technology that enables national industry to lead the world.\" Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning Government Complex-Gwacheon, 47, Gwanmun-ro, Gwacheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 13809 Website: english.msip.go.kr/english/main/main.do The Ministry aims to promote a creative economy and societal happiness through its support of science, technology, and information and communications technology (ICT). Through global partnerships, the Ministry is committed to furthering science and technology R&D through the development of various institutions and support of research efforts. ASSOCIATIONS AND JOURNALS Korean Ceramic Society 137-849 76 Seocho-gu, Bangbae Phone: 82-2-584-0185, 588-5140 Email: ceramic@kcers.or.kr Website: www.kcers.or.kr Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Han-III Yoo, Editor Email: hiyoo@snu.ac.kr Website: www.koreascience.or.kr/journal/ AboutJournal.jsp?kojic=SRMHB8 Published bimonthly, the Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society “contains reports of original research on all aspects of ceramics and ceramics-based composites,\" the website notes. “Topics of the journal include a broad range of material science as follows, but are not limited to: chemistry and physics of conventional ceramics and glasses; engineering ceramics, including composites; advanced inorganic glasses with special properties; nanostructured ceramics; and materials for biological application.\" 32 2 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 On Jeju Island, Korea, PACRIM 11 participants exchange ideas on ceramic industry megatrends Leaders and representatives of the five PACRIM partners met in Jeju Island during PACRIM 11. Societies represented were the Korean Ceramic Society, American Ceramic Society, Chinese Ceramic Society, and Ceramic Society of Japan. The Australian Ceramic Society was not present. PACRIM11 The 11th International Conference of Pacific Rim Ceramic Societies (PACRIM 11) was held on Korea\'s Jeju Island Aug. 30-Sept. 4, 2015. Chaired by Hai-Doo Kim, president of the Korea Institute of Materials Science and a Fellow of ACers, the conference and exhibition were organized by the Korean Ceramic Society with the support of the ceramic societies of Australia, China, Japan, and the U.S. The umbrella theme of plenary presentations at the conference, \"Megatrends: what will come next?,\" included the following plenary speakers and their topics: • Suk-Joong Kang, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Grain growth: An enduring subject in materials science and engineering • Yu Zhou, Harbin Institute of Technology, China Fabrication, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of carbide, nitride, and boride ceramics • Teruo Kishi, Innovative Struc-tural Materials Association, Japan Megatrend of materials research and introduction of projects of structural materials in Japan • Oh-Hun Kwon, Saint-Gobain Northboro R&D Center, U.S. Living comfortably with multifunctional ceramics: the opportunities and challenges ahead. Abstracts of plenary presentations are available at pacrim11.org/Plenary_Speakers.php. In addition, dozens of speakers from Asia, Europe, and North America participated in the conference\'s 38 symposia, which addressed topics related to multi-scale modeling and simulation; innovative processing and manufacturing; nanotechnology and structural ceramics; multifunctional materials and systems; ceramics for energy and the environment; and ceramics in biology, medicine, and human health. The conference\'s more than 1,000 attendees hailed from more than 30 countries and included some 300 students. ACerS was represented at PACRIM 11 by Kathleen Richardson, president; Mrityunjay Singh, president-elect; Richard Brow, past president; and Charlie Spahr, executive director. Members of ACerS Board of Directors H.T. Lin and Tatsuki Ohji were also at the conference, as well as past BOD members Michael Hoffman, Ivar Reimanis, and Raj Bordia. Mario Affatigato, co-editor of ACerS International Journal of Applied Glass Science, and Dileep Singh, PACRIM 12 chair, represented the ceramics and glass community at the event, among many other attendees from the field. \"The PACRIM collaboration is as strong as ever,\" says Spahr. \"The Korean Ceramic Society, with HaiDoo Kim as chair and Young-Wook Kim as technical program chair of PACRIM 11, produced a truly international event in Jeju at a world-class venue. ACers looks forward to building on the momentum generated here for the next event in 2017.\" The first PACRIM conference was held in Hawaii and hosted by the American Ceramic Society in 1993. Successive conferences have been held in countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region and North America. The conference series has established a strong reputation for state-of-theart presentation and information exchange on the cutting edge ceramic technologies and have facilitated global dialogue and discussion with leading global experts. The next conference in the series, PACRIM 12, will be held May 21-26, 2017, at the Hilton Waikoloa Village in Waikoloa, Hawaii. Dileep Singh, who leads the Thermal Management team at Argonne National Laboratory\'s Center for Transportation Research, is organizing the conference. Go to ceramics.org/meetings/pacrim12 to sign up to receive PACRIM 12 updates by email. Directory of Korean ceramics industry, associations, and institutes Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies Website: www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-asianceramic-societies With responsibility for peer review shared by The Ceramic Society of Japan and the Korean Ceramic Society, the Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies publishes \"papers documenting original research and reviews covering all aspects of science and technology of ceramics, glasses, composites, and related materials. These papers include experimental and theoretical aspects emphasizing basic science, processing, microstructure, characteristics, and functionality of ceramic materials.\" COMPANIES Korea Murata Electronics Company 22nd floor, GT Tower (East) 411, Seocho-daero, Seochogu, Seoul 137-856 Phone: 82-2-561-2347 Website: www.murata.com/en-eu Murata describes itself as \"a global leader in the design, manufacture, and supply of advanced electronic materials, leading-edge electronic components, and multifunctional, high-density modules. Murata innovations can be found in a wide range of applications from mobile phones to home appliances, and automotive applications to energy management systems and healthcare devices.\" LG LG Twin Tower 128, Yeoui-daero, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul Phone: 82-2-3777-1114 Website (U.S.): www.lg.com LG\'s Commercial Division serves industries with commercial displays, solar panels, lighting, and more. It\'s R&D arm covers all business areas to develop applications and technologies for its products. According to the company\'s website, \"The organization is concentrating on research in basic technology, quality inspection, and standards fulfillment to improve its product quality, along with research in production-related core technologies and design.\" Posco Energy 16F, POSCO Center West Wing, 440, Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-933 Website: eng.poscoenergy.com/eng/renew/_ service/main.asp In 2007, Posco Co. Ltd. spun off its fuel cell business, and, the following year, the new enterprise established its Fuel Cell BOP factory in Pohang. The business, renamed Posco Energy in 2012, now has expanded its operations in the Asia-Pacific region, Europe, and South America. It is the world\'s largest fuel cell producer and describes itself as \"taking the lead in green energy business through a fuel cell, hydrogen-based, eco-friendly power generation system.\" Samsung 14, Seocho-daero 74-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06620 Phone: 82-2-2145-2114 Website: www.samsungsem.com/global/index.jsp Samsung Electro-Mechanics describes itself as providing \"a total solution for all electronic component needs, from materials and parts to modules.\" To achieve this goal, it operates three business divisions. The Digital Module Division works on advances in camera modules, wireless solutions, power modules, and vibration motors. The Linkage of Magnetic Flux Coil, Capacitor, Resistor Division is dedicated to innovation in MLCCs, tantalum capacitors, chip inductors, chip resistors, and EMCs. The Advanced Circuit Interconnection Division focuses on the development of technology related to HDI, rigid flex, BGA, and FC BGA. Ssangyong Materials Corporation 151, Seongseogongdannam-ro, Dalseo-gu, Daegu Phone: 82-53-580-4217, 4218 Website: www.ssym.com/eng/html/main.html A branch of Ssangyong Group, which in turn is operated by holding company Ssangyong Cement, Korea\'s biggest cement company, Ssangyong Materials Corporation is a leader in the field of advanced materials industry. The company is headquartered in Taegu and has plants there and in Pohang as well as a marketing office in Seoul that serves as its global sales contact. Ssangyong works with ceramic materials that include alumina, silicon nitride, zirconia, and silicon carbide. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 33 Korea\'s core competencies Export expert A foreign trade powerhouse, Korea drives its economic growth by pursuing foreign partnerships By Alex Talavera and Randy B. Hecht The Republic of Korea\'s 38,502 square miles of territory—an area slightly smaller than Pennsylvania and slightly larger than Indiana-is home to 49.12 million people, 82.5% of whom live in urban areas. The labor force numbers 26.27 million, and unemployment stood at 3.5% in 2014. From 2013 to 2014, the country\'s GDP (purchasing power parity) rose 3.3% to $1.781 trillion, or $35,400 per capita, and the country recorded a budget surplus equal to 0.9% of GDP. Its economic position is particularly noteworthy given how radically it has changed in just a few decades. \"In the 1960s, GDP per capita was comparable with levels in the poorer countries of Africa and Asia,\" the CIA World Factbook notes. \"In 2004, South Korea joined the trillion-dollar club of world economies.\" Services generate 59.4% of Korea\'s GDP, followed by industry (38.3%) and agriculture (2.3%). The three sectors employ, respectively, 70.4%, 24%, and 5.7% of the labor force. Leading industries include electronics, telecommunications, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, and steel. Industrial production rates remained flat from 2013 to 2014. Korea maintains a positive trade balance: 2014 exports reached $572.7 billion, up from $559.6 billion in 2013, while 2014 imports were $525.5 billion, up from $515.6 billion in 2013. Leading export commodities include semiconductors, petrochemicals, automobiles and automobile parts, ships, wireless communication equipment, flat screen displays, steel, electronics, plastics, and computers. The country\'s chief export markets are China (26.1%), the United States (11.1%), Japan (6.2%), and Hong Kong 5%. According to the CIA World Factbook, the country needs to foster greater equilibrium between exports and domestic sectors, such as services. Although heavy reliance on exports is a particular concern, its long-term challenges also include a rapidly aging population, an inflexible labor market, and the dominance of large conglomerates known as chaebols. Leading import commodities include crude oil and petroleum products, semiconductors, natural gas, coal, steel, computers, wireless communication equipment, automobiles, fine chemicals, and textiles. Top trading partners for imported goods include China (16.1%), Japan (11.6%), U.S. (8.1%), Saudi Arabia (7.3%), Qatar (5%), and Australia (4%). Almost 80% of U.S. consumer and industrial products exported to Korea became duty free under the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement, which went into effect on March 15, 2012. The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative CHINA KOREA JAPAN Credit: Republic of Korea; Flickr CC BY-SA 2.0 notes that under the trade treaty, \"nearly 95% of bilateral trade in consumer and industrial products will become duty free within five years of that date.\" When the agreement went into effect, the U.S. International Trade Commission estimated that “the reduction of Korean tariffs and tariff-rate quotas on goods alone\" would add $10-$12 billion to the U.S. GDP annually \"and around $10 billion to annual merchandise exports to Korea.\" For further details and export support, see \"Tools to Help Utilize the U.S.-Korea FTA\" at ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/korus-fta/tools-tohelp-utilize. Information about trade or joint venture opportunities in Korea can be obtained from the U.S.-Korea Business Council, the American Chamber of Commerce in Korea, or resources on the website of the U.S. Embassy in Seoul. In addition, the U.S. Commercial Service maintains an online library of resources (export.gov/southkorea/index.asp) related to doing business in Korea. ■ 34 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Credit: Republic of Korea; Flickr CC BY-SA 2.0 == KOREA gross domestic services product $ up 2.3 3.3% agriculture from 2013 $1.781 trillion in 2014 59.4 trade imports $525.5 billion chief export markets Hong Kong, 5% Japan, 6.2% industry 2014 exports $572.7 billion U.S. 11.1% China 26.1% 38.3 precision machine control $152.2M Piktochart CERAMIC EXPORTS to U.S. alone generated $790.4 million in 2014 of cement, lime, and plaster $60.9M cutting and digging tools $107.5M glass $80.6M semiconductors and display products $56.4M Credit: April Gocha The NSF Ceramics Program made two CAREER Awards in 2015, one of which went to William Chueh. Part of Chueh\'s work is probing electroceramics with high-brilliance X-rays at the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (beam line 9.3.2). NSF\'S CAREER Class Credit: Albert Feng; Stanford University of 2015 in ceramics and crosscutting programs By Lynnette D. Madsen Two early career faculty expand professional and personal goals for their research. Introducing the new class of National Science Foundation Faculty Early Career Development Program (CAREER) awards provides an opportunity to shine light on the CAREER program and its role in developing young faculty to become excellent teachers, scholars, and leaders in their fields of research.¹ This annual article introduces these emerging leaders and presents the relevance of their research to the ceramic and glass community. Articles in the ACerS Bulletin Ceramics CAREER series have highlighted the latest awardees in the NSF Ceramics Program and their projects. The 2014 article² also provided advice on writing a competitive CAREER proposal. The 2013 article examined supplements to grants,³ and the 2011 article introduced the Career-Life Balance initiative.4 Since that time, NSF has announced a graduate research supplement for veterans (MPS-GRSV).5 Other articles focused on various aspects of the CAREER program: A historical perspective (2009), 6 statistical and geographic details for the Ceramics Program (2012), and an introduction to the mentoring workshops (2010).8 2015 awardees The NSF Ceramics Program made two CAREER awards in 2015-to principal investigators Hui (Claire) Xiong at Boise State University and William Chueh at Stanford University. Hui (Claire) Xiong, Boise State University Defect-driven metal oxides for enhanced energy storage systems? This research seeks to advance the understanding of defect-driven oxide materials for developing new battery technologies to meet global energy needs. Energy is used in a plethora of applications-to power buildings, cars, portable devices, manufacturing, and communication systems. Global energy demands are growing exponentially, making improved energy storage technologies increasingly urgent. This project explores a new electrochemical paradigm to create oxide materials with disorder for high energy, power, and stability battery systems. 36 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Credit: Boise State University Hui (Claire) Xiong (right) teaches her graduate student how to set up a three-electrode cell for electrochemical testing of battery materials at Boise State University. Recent studies have indicated that metal oxides with structural defects and local disorder may offer superior capacity and stability over the widely explored well-ordered oxides for advanced battery systems. Confirmation of the hypothesis of enhancing battery functionality in this project using defect-driven oxide materials could profoundly transform battery research, manufacturing, and applications, and open pathways for defectdriven electrode materials research. This project tests the hypothesis that nanoscale disordered metal oxides can serve as a host with a fairly open framework that can be electrochemically altered to form optimal structures for enhanced electrochemical charge storage. Recent studies have indicated that cation-disordered ceramic materials may offer higher capacity and better stability compared to well-ordered oxides. However, the underlying electrochemical charge storage mechanism remains largely unknown. This study aims to advance knowledge of defect-driven oxide materials, thermodynamics, and intercalation kinetics, and how to leverage them for energy storage. The study also seeks evidence that tailoring defect chemistry will result in spontaneous phase transformation during electrochemical cycling from nanoscale amorphous oxides to optimal structures. Under study are simple model oxide systems (titanium dioxide and niobium pentoxide) and lithium- (sodium-) ion battery systems. The research could offer a universal method to create new highperformance electrode materials. William Chueh in his laboratory at Stanford University. In addition, Xiong is adapting nanoscience, electrochemistry, and energy materials research concepts to curricula from K-12 to the graduate level. Through a new partnership with local Boys and Girls Clubs, Xiong is developing educational modules for Idaho youth in nonschool settings to boost students\' interest in science and engineering. Research outcomes are demonstrated through hands-on educational modules in the annual science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) Exploration Day and other on-campus outreach activities. Graduate student researchers are collaborating with national laboratories to expand the capabilities in this project. Through these collaborations, students also are gaining technical experience with cutting-edge research equipment and techniques. William Chueh, Stanford University Understanding surface redox activity of atomically flat electroceramics 10 Oxide electroceramics are crucial in energy and conversion technologies, e.g., as electrodes for lithium-ion batteries and electrocatalysts for solid-oxide fuel cells. Performance of these electroceramics, however, is limited by their surface characteristics. This project aims to identify the relationship between surface atomic structure and processes involved in electrochemistry with the ultimate goal of attaining a more energy sufficient economy. Transition-metal and rare-earth elecAmerican Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org troceramics based on perovskite and fluorite crystal structures exhibit significant reactivity with molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, and are used extensively as electrocatalysts at room and elevated temperatures. This project addresses the complex relationships between redox activity and surface structure using atomically flat electroceramic surfaces primarily with controlled crystal termination, step density, and extended defects. Ultrathin overlayers deposited via physical vapor deposition further enable precise composition and structure control. Crystallographic and electronic structure of these atomically controlled surfaces are being characterized using synchrotron surface X-ray diffraction and surface-sensitive X-ray spectroscopy under a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Chueh\'s integrated educational plan provides research opportunities to underrepresented high school and undergraduate students as well as community outreach to grade 7-12 students. Chueh will curate three-dimensional slideshows featuring images of everyday objects at the nanoscale, highlighting the functionality of ceramic materials and research to take students on \"A journey to the inside of materials.\" These slideshows will be projected via a unique visualization facility. Q&A Assuming your research is wildly successful across the five years of your CAREER award, what could be its single biggest impact in terms of science or engineering? 37 Credit: M. Beardsley; SLAC NSF\'S CAREER Class of 2015 in ceramics and crosscutting programs 200 nm One metal oxide that Xiong studies is titanium dioxide. This scanning electron microscopy image shows a top view of titanium dioxide nanotubes made by electrochemical anodization. Xiong: The key transformative breakthrough anticipated for this project is to elucidate fundamental properties of defect-driven metal oxide electrodes and to understand underlying mechanisms involved in their utility as an open framework electrode material for energy storage applications. Insights obtained through this research program can provide foundational knowledge of defect-driven metal oxide electrodes and provide guidance to aid with rational design and discovery of new cation-disordered metal oxides for high-performance energy storage systems. The single biggest impact from this project may be a new avenue to create high-capacity, high-power, and high-stability electrode materials through disordered starting materials with a fairly open framework that can be electrochemically altered to achieve optimal properties. Chueh: Electroceramics-ceramics conducting ions and/or electrons-are crucial materials for energy storage and conversion. For example, they are used as catalysts for oxygen-reduction reactions in fuel cells. These ceramics are dominated by interfaces, yet many interfaces, such as that between ceramic and gas, are not well understood. Point defects, such as cation and anion vacancies, and extended defects, such as dislocations, control surface functionality of electroceramics. My CAREER award focuses on using atomically defined surfaces to under38 stand the roles of various point and extended defects in redox reactions. If successful, this work will clarify how defects participate in catalytic reactions and guide tailoring of surface defects to improve the efficiency of fuel cells, electrolyzers, and other electrochemical technologies. What do you see as the impact of your work for industry? Xiong: My students will gain experience with state-of-the-art research facilities through existing collaborations and partnerships with national laboratories and user facilities. They will obtain expertise in electrochemical and nanomaterial synthesis, electrode processing and characterization, and in-situ and operando characterization, which will enable them to prepare for careers in R&D laboratories in energy storage, aerospace, and automotive industries. Chueh: Students in my research group will get first-hand experience in the materials development cycle, from synthesis to characterizations and finally to comparison with theoretical predictions. In this CAREER award, for example, students will collaborate with scientists at synchrotron facilities and use state-of-the-art X-ray scattering and spectroscopy techniques to characterize surfaces of electroceramics. These skill sets will position students to become successful materials scientists and engineers and to interact efficiently with other professionals. Apart from the science or engineering, what aspect of your CAREER award do you envision having the largest broader effect and why? Xiong: Engaging K-12 students in STEM research and education through a nonschool setting at the local Moseley Center Boys & Girls Club of Ada County (Garden City, Id.) on their STEM program will have an enormous impact on the community\'s most at-risk youth. By implementing a series of science and engineering modules, such as \"Building your own galvanic cell,\" from our research to the existing STEM program to engage Ada County youth, the outreach program will boost youth interest in STEM fields and build energy literacy through hands-on activities. Chueh: My CAREER award includes an outreach program modeled after the Magic School Bus, where grade 7-12 students will go on a virtual, three-dimensional tour called “A journey to the inside of materials.\" Graduate students will contribute by curating and designing unique movies to be visualized at the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. This outreach effort will benefit middle and high school students by piquing their interests in STEM as well as graduate students interested in becoming educators in science and engineering. How do you expect this award to affect your career? Xiong: This award is a tremendous step that enables me to build a firm academic foundation to pursue my long-term career goal-to discover a new electrochemical synthesis paradigm by creating cation-disordered metal oxides electrodes for enhanced energy systems. The five-year duration enables me to focus on important fundamental questions regarding defect-driven electrode materials in their electrochemical charge storage properties with in-depth and thorough studies. This award will have a profound impact on my career development by allowing me to develop new research directions and to identify and solve scientific problems that will have long-lasting value to the community. Chueh: The CAREER award will seed several core activities in my group necessary to tackle challenging problems in electroceramics, including preparation of atomically controlled surfaces and insitu X-ray characterizations. These seed activities are complex in their own right www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 and cannot be accomplished within the three-year time frame of a typical research grant. This CAREER award will allow me to lay a solid foundation, in terms of research capabilities and fundamental understandings, to make meaningful contributions to the ceramics community. Do you plan on any requesting supplemental support? Xiong: I have applied for and received a Career-Life Balance supplement. This supplement is a unique opportunity to support early career scientists to sustain research and productivity while they are on family leave. It has provided support for an additional lab technician, who has managed my group during my leave and ensured a successful start of my CAREER project. Chueh: I plan to apply to the Alliances for Graduate Education and the Professoriate-Graduate Research Supplements (AGEP-GRS) program.\" Having participated in AGEP activities at Stanford, I see a pressing need to increase representation of minorities in academia. What crosscutting programs at NSF interest you? (see sidebar) Xiong: I am enthusiastic about the SusChEM program. Rising energy demands have pressed R&D for inexpensive and sustainable energy materials. Environmentally benign, earth-abundant, inexpensive choices of chemicals and materials by design will be a main focus of future battery research. Chueh: I am very interested in broader sustainability issues, particularly with regard to local manufacturability of green energy technologies in developing countries-I plan to apply to two excellent programs: Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems (INFEWS); 12 and SusChEM. I also believe that materials breakthroughs are enabled by new tools in synthesis, characterizations, and theory. The Materials Innovation Platforms (MIP) program¹³ offers significant funding to create tools that could change the ways we develop materials. About the author Lynnette D. Madsen has been the program director, Ceramics, at NSF since 2000. Contact: Imadsen@nsf.gov. Disclaimer Any opinion, finding, recommendations, or conclusions expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF. Acknowledgements I am grateful to H. Xiong and W. Chueh for their input. Additional crosscutting programs at NSF In addition to programs that extend across the entire organization, such as CAREER, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has several programs that foster interdisciplinary research and extend across organizational and programmatic boundaries. Three rather new opportunities of possible interest to the ceramics research community are Sustainable Chemistry, Engineering, and Materials (SusChEM); 14 Clean Energy Technologies; and Understanding the Brain (UtB). 15 SusChEM has been active since 2013 and 11 awards (totalling more than $4.4 million) have been made in the Ceramics Program through this effort.16 The fiscal year (FY) 2016 NSF budget request to Congress includes $6 million in the Division of Materials Research (DMR) for SusChEM.17 Proposals may be submitted in conjunction with a solicitation (such as CAREER) or in DMR\'s open window during September-October. DMR also will continue to identify grants (according to the 2016 budget request, to the tune of $70 million) relevant to clean energy technologies, which is an NSF priority area. 17 The portfolio of awards could include hydrogen production and storage, fuel cells, biomass, solar energy, hydrocarbon conversion, capture and use of carbon dioxide, and energy storage.17 UtB has many avenues for funding—a key for the Ceramics Program is ensuring that the project title and summary (whether submitted to the CAREER solicitation or within an open window) clearly identifies the proposed work as relevant to the BRAIN initiative. One Early-Concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) award-Biocompatibility of nanocrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) transparent cranial implant 18-has been made in the Ceramics Program. DMR\'s budget request for UtB in FY 2016 is $3.8 million.17 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org References \'www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_ id=503214 CAREER homepage, accessed Aug. 3, 2015. 2L.D. Madsen, \"NSF\'s CAREER competition and the Class of 2014,\" Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 93 [8] 34-37 (2014). 3L.D. Madsen, \"NSF\'s CAREER Program: New opportunities and the ceramics class of 2013,\" Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 92 [8] 34-37 (2013). 4L.D. Madsen, \"Class of 2011 National Science Foundation CAREER Awards in Ceramics,\" Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 91 [8] 27-29 (2012). 5www.nsf.gov/pubs/2015/nsf15024/ nsf15024.jsp DCL: MPS Graduate Research Supplement for Veterans (MPS-GRSV). \"L.D. Madsen, \"NSF recognizes three assistant professors with 2009 CAREER Awards in Ceramics,\" Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 88 [3] 30-33 (2009). 7L.D. Madsen, \"Where are the Ceramic CAREER Awards: Class of 2012?,\" Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 92 [1] 30-31 (2013). 8L.D. Madsen, \"An update on the National Science Foundation Ceramic CAREER Awards: Class of 2010,\" Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 91 [6] 22-23 (2012). \'www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/ showAward?AWD_ID=1454984 Hui Xiong\'s award abstract, accessed Aug. 3, 2015. 10 www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/ showAward?AWD_ID=1455369 William Chueh\'s award abstract, accessed Aug. 3, 2015. \"www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ. jsp?ods_key=nsf13071&org=NSF, DCL for MPS AGEP-GRS, accessed Aug. 19, 2015. 12www.nsf.gov/pubs/2015/nsf15108/ nsf15108.jsp DCL for INFEWS, accessed Aug. 24, 2015. 13www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ. jsp?org MPS&ods_key=nsf15522 MIP solicitation, accessed Aug. 19, 2015. 14www.nsf.gov/publications/pub_summ. jsp?ods_key=nsf15085 Dear Colleague Letter (DCL) for SusChEM, accessed Aug. 3, 2015. 15www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/brain/ funding, funding opportunities for research about the brain, accessed Aug. 3, 2015. 16www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/advancedSearch. jsp: use Element Code 1774 and Keyword SusChEM: (title only). 17www.nsf.gov/about/budget/fy2016/pdf/21_ fy2016.pdf NSF Budget Request - MPS Section, accessed Aug. 24, 2015. 18 www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/ showAward?AWD_ID=1547014, BRAIN award, accessed Aug. 24, 2015. 39 JOIN US FOR THE ACERS 117TH ANNUAL MEETING! Pin Your ACers Pride Be on the lookout for these special collectible buttons. Get yours by attending ACers lectures and special events ⚫ACers Annual Meeting • Alfred R. Cooper Award Session • Edward Orton Jr. Lecture • Richard M. Fulrath Award Session • Arthur L. Friedburg Lecture • Rustum Roy Lecture • ACers Lounge Robert B. Sosman Lecture Stop by the ACers lounge to #PinYourACerSPride and enter for your chance to win a daily prize. Stay tuned for more information! ACerS award lectures Monday, October 5 Varshneya Technical Meeting and Exhibition MS&T15 MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Laser Cladding MATSCITECH.ORG October 4-8, 2015 | Greater Columbus Convention Center ACerS/NICE Arthur L. Friedberg Ceramic Engineering Tutorial and Lecture 9-10 a.m. | CC, D-130 Arun K. Varshneya, Alfred University and Saxon Glass Technologies Principles of Glass Chemical Strengthening Science and Technology Tuesday, October 6 Johnson Columbus, Ohio, USA special events Sunday, October 4 Women in Materials Science and Engineering Reception Enjoy the chance to network with professionals and peers in a relaxed environment. Monday, October 5 NEW Welcome Reception and Exhibit Opening DAY NEW DAY ACerS Edward Orton Jr. Memorial Lecture 8-10:40 a.m. | CC, Battelle Hall North Sylvia M. Johnson, NASA Ames Research Center Space: The Materials Frontier Tuesday, October 6 Day ACers Frontiers of Science and Society Rustum Roy Lecture 1-2 p.m. | CC, D-130 NEW DAY Delbert E. Day, Missouri University of Science and Technology Glass Technology For Better Health Wednesday, October 7 Ikuhara ACerS Basic Science Division Robert B. Sosman Lecture 1-2 p.m. | CC, D-130 Yuichi Ikuhara, University of Tokyo, Japan Grain Boundary Segregation, Vacancies, and Properties in Oxide Ceramics NEW DAY NEW DAY Network with your colleagues, meet new people, and learn about exciting membership offerings of organizing societies. Acers 117th Annual Meeting Newly elected officers take their positions during the annual membership meeting. All ACerS members and guests are welcome. ACers 117th Annual Honors and Awards Banquet Enjoy dinner, conversation, and the presentation of Society awards. Purchase tickets for $90 via meeting registration. Experience Columbus - MS&T Guest Activity Join us 9-11 a.m. to meet Experience Columbus staff, who provide information on local activities, sites, and self-guided tours in Columbus. The knowledgeable local staff will assist in getting your day planned and started. Coffee and light pastries will be provided. Advance registration of $15 is required via the MS&T15 site at www.matscitech.org. Tuesday, October 6 MS&T15 Young Professionals Reception Attend this reception to meet and network with fellow young professionals. MS&T15 Exhibit Happy Hour Reception Network with colleagues and build relationships with qualified attendees, buyers, and prospects! ACerS Companions Breakfast – MS&T Guest Activity Mingle with other meeting attendees. Light breakfast will be available. Tasting Tour of German Village - MS&T Guest Activity Wear comfortable shoes for this walking and tasting tour through German Village. Immerse yourself in the unique heritage and old world architecture of this vibrant and historic neighborhood, located just south of downtown Columbus. Purchase tickets for $49 via the MS&T15 site at www.matscitech.org. 40 40 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Organizers: The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org AIST ASSOCIATION FOR IRON & STEEL TECHNOLOGY ASM TMS INTERNATIONAL The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Co-sponsored by: NACE INTERNATIONAL THE CORROSION SOCIETY plenary lectures Tuesday, October 6 at 8 - 10:40 a.m. ACerS Edward Orton Jr. Memorial Lecture Johnson Sylvia M. Johnson, PhD, chief materials technologist, Entry Systems and Technology Division, NASA Ames Research Center Title: Space: The Materials Frontier Space environments place tremendous demands on materials that must perform with exceptional reliability to realize the goals of robotic or human space exploration missions. Materials are subjected to extremes of temperature, pressure, radiation, and mechanical loads during all phases of use, including takeoff and ascent, exposure to space or entry into an atmosphere, and operation in a planetary atmosphere. Space materials must be robust and enable the formation of lightweight structures or components that perform the required functions. Materials that perform multiple functions are of particular interest. This talk will review the unique challenges for materials in space and some of the specific material capabilities that will be needed for future exploration missions. A detailed description of needs and trends in thermal protection materials and systems will complete the talk. AIST Adolf Martens Memorial Steel Lecture Bhadeshia Harry Bhadeshia, FRS FREng FNAE, Tata Steel Professor of Metallurgy, University of Cambridge; and director, SKF Steel Technology Centre, University of Cambridge, U.K. Title: A Complete Theory for Martensitic Transformations The crystallographic theory of martensitic transformations is so well-tested and tried that it does not require attention. However, the response of the transformation to variables such as stress, elastic and plastic strain, mechanical stabilization, austenite grain size effects, austenite grain shape effects, crystallographic texture, and stimuli, such as magnetic and electrical field, has only recently been expressed quantitatively. This lecture will demonstrate the \"complete theory” that permits quantitative prediction of the effect of all of these variables on martensitic transformations in steels. It will show that the martensite transformation rightly classifies as the most understood of all solid-state phase changes in steels. ASM/TMS Joint Distinguished Lecture in Materials and Society Russo Vincent J. Russo, FASM, executive director, Aeronautical Systems Center (ASC), WrightPatterson AFB (retired) Title: What is a Splendid Leader? The desirability for leaders of major organizations to possess an engineering education seems to be growing daily. But, unfortunately, the vast majority of engineers are seldom trained to be effective leaders. This talk is structured to help engineers understand a leadership \"framework\" that can be applied to every level of an organization. The framework is identified in the following four pillars: behavior realities; leadership tenets; essence of leaders; and life balance. The talk will explain the four pillars and offer tools for use by potential and current leaders. Leadership can be learned, it just takes dedication, study, and hard work. A full treatment of leading technical organizations can be found in the book, The Splendid Leader. hotels Hyatt Regency Columbus - (ASM HQ) Crowne Plaza Columbus Downtown - (AIST and TMS HQ) Hilton Columbus Downtown - (ACerS HQ) Red Roof Hampton Inn and Suites Columbus Downtown Cooper Friedberg Orton Rustum Roy #PinYourACerSPride ACars Annual Meeting Keramo ACers ACers Sosman Fulrath Technical Meeting and Exhibition MS&T 15 MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY October 4 - 8, 2015 | Greater Columbus Convention Center | Columbus, Ohio, USA ms&t activities Acers activities are highlighted in red. Information subject to change. Sunday, October 4 (continued) Friday, October 2 Time Location COMMITTEE MEETINGS ACers Electronics Division Executive Committee Meeting ACers Executive Committee Meeting Noon-5 p.m. Hilton-Robert King Saturday, October 3 COMMITTEE MEETINGS ACerS President\'s Council of Student Advisors 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. (PCSA) Business Meeting ACers Manufacturing Division Strategic 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Planning Session ACerS Board of Directors Meeting 9 a.m. - 5 p.m. Hilton-George Bellows D Hilton-George Bellows F Hilton-George Bellows E Hilton-Emerson Time 1-4 p.m. ACers Glass and Optical Materials Division Pro- 2 - 4:30 p.m. gramming and Executive Committee Meeting ACerS Nuclear & Environmental Technology Division Executive Committee Meeting ACerS Engineering Ceramics Division Executive Committee Meeting ACerS Basic Science Division Executive Committee Meeting Monday, October 5 2:30-4:30 p.m. 3-4:30 p.m. 3:30-5:30 p.m. Location Hilton-George Bellows A Hilton- George Bellows B Hilton-Elijah Pierce B Hilton-George Bellows F Hilton-Elijah Pierce A ACers Board of Directors/President\'s Council Noon - 1 p.m. of Student Advisors Luncheon Sunday, October 4 CONFERENCE ACTIVITIES Burkhart AB Registration Authors\' Coffee CONFERENCE ACTIVITIES Society Member Lounges Registration Noon - 5 p.m. Programming Support Desk Noon - 5 p.m. Society Member Lounges Noon - 5 p.m. CC-1st Level Concourse CC-1st Level Concourse CC-1st Level Concourse 7 a.m.-6 p.m. 7-8 a.m. 7 a.m.-6 p.m. ACerS Basic Science Division Ceramographic 8 a.m. – 6 p.m. Exhibit and Competition 1st Level Concourse Battelle 1st Level Concourse 1st Level Concourse EXHIBITION Exhibitor Set Up EDUCATIONAL COURSES Understanding Why Ceramics Fail and Designing for Safety 8 a.m. 4:30 p.m. Hilton-Edna Boies Hopkins General Poster Installation Exhibition Show Hours Football Feature Show Office Exhibitor Lounge MATERIAL ADVANTAGE STUDENT FUNCTIONS Undergraduate Student Speaking Contest 1-3 p.m. Hyatt-Delaware A Career Pavilion Semifinal 1 Welcome Reception & Exhibition 8 a.m. - 2 p.m. CC-Hall C 4:30-6 p.m. CC-Hall C 4:30-6 p.m. CC-Hall C 4:30-6 p.m. CC-Hall C 4:30-6 p.m. CC-Hall C 4:30-6 p.m. CC-Hall C 4:30-6 p.m. CC-Hall C 4:30-6 p.m. CC-Hall C Undergraduate Student Speaking Contest Semifinal 2 1-3 p.m. Hyatt-Delaware B Grand Opening LECTURES Undergraduate Student Speaking Contest 4-5 p.m. Hyatt-Delaware B Finals Student Networking Mixer 7-9 p.m. Hyatt-Franklin ABCD ACerS/NICE: Arthur L. Friedberg Ceramic Engineering Tutorial and Lecture ACers Richard M. Fulrath Award Session ACers Alfred R. Cooper Award Session 9-10 a.m. CC-D 130 2-4:40 p.m. 2-4:30 p.m. CC-D 130 CC-D 144/145 SOCIAL FUNCTIONS ACerS Keramos Reception 5-7 p.m. Hilton-George Bellows C MATERIAL ADVANTAGE STUDENT FUNCTIONS ACerS Student Tour Noon-5 p.m. MS&T Women in Materials Science Reception 6-7 p.m. CC-Ballroom 4-5 Foyer Graduate and Undergraduate Student Poster Contest Installation 4:30-6 p.m. CC-West Connector 1st Level CC-Hall C COMMITTEE MEETINGS SOCIAL FUNCTIONS ACerS Keramos National Board and Business Meeting 7-9 a.m. Hyatt-Market Stand Cafe ACerS Annual Honor and Awards Banquet Reception 6:45-7:30 p.m. ACerS Keramos Student Chapter 8-9 a.m. Hyatt-Taft C ACerS Annual Honor and Awards Banquet 7:30-10 p.m. Business Meeting Hilton-George Bellows AB Hilton-George Bellows CD ACerS Keramos Convocation & 9-11 a.m. Hyatt-Taft C Business Meeting ALUMNI EVENTS ACers Board of Directors and Division 9 a.m - Noon Leaders Breakfast Meeting ACerS Keramos Career Speaker 11 a.m-Noon ACerS Keramos Board, Student Representative and Chapter Advisors Meeting Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation (CGIF) Board of Directors Meeting ACerS Publications Committee Meeting Noon-1 p.m. Noon - 5 p.m. 1-3 p.m. Hilton-Emerson Burkhart A Hyatt-Taft C Hyatt-Market Stand Cafe Hilton- George Bellows E Hilton-Edward Parker Hayden University of Pittsburgh 5-6 p.m. Case Alumni Association Reception 6-9 p.m. Hyatt-Delaware D Hyatt-Peppercorn Room ANNUAL MEETING ACerS 117th Annual Membership Meeting 1-2 p.m. Hyatt-Franklin A 42 42 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Legend: CC = Greater Columbus Convention Center Monday, October 5 (continued) COMMITTEE MEETINGS ACerS SPEO Meeting ACers Meetings Committee Meeting ACerS Electronics Division Business Meeting ACers Education Integration Committee Business Meeting ACerS NICE Business Meeting (includes Order of the Engineer) ACerS GOMD Business Meeting Time Location 7:30-9 a.m. 10:30 11:30 a.m. Hilton-Edward Parker Hayden Hilton-Edward Parker Hayden CC-C 115 Hilton-Edward Parker Hayden Hilton-Edward Tuesday, October 6 (continued) RPI Alumni Reception COMMITTEE MEETINGS ACerS Book Subcommittee Meeting Time 7-9 p.m. Location Hyatt-Private Dining Room 11 a.m. Noon 11 a.m. 1 p.m. CC-E 150 Hilton-Edward Parker Hayden CC-D 230 Hilton-Edward Parker Hayden ACers Past Presidents\' Council Meeting Noon - 1 p.m. 2-4 p.m. ACerS Basic Science Division Business Meeting Noon - 1 p.m. 3-5 p.m. 4- 6:30 p.m. Parker Hayden 4:30-5:30 p.m. CC-D 144/145 ACers Nuclear & Environmental Technology Division Business Meeting 5:45-6:30 p.m. CC-E 172 ACerS Panel of Fellows Meeting Tuesday, October 6 Wednesday, October 7 CONFERENCE ACTIVITIES Registration CONFERENCE ACTIVITIES 7 a.m. - 6 p.m. Programming Support Desk 7 a.m. - 6 p.m. Authors\' Coffee 7-8 a.m. Society Member Lounges 7 a.m. - 6 p.m. CC-1st Level Concourse CC-1st Level Concourse Battelle CC-1st Level Concourse Registration 7 a.m. - 5 p.m. Authors\' Coffee 7-8 a.m. Society Member Lounges 7 a.m. - 5 p.m. ACerS Basic Science Division Ceramographic 7 a.m. - 5 p.m. Exhibit & Competition CC-1st Level Concourse CC-Battelle CC-1st Level Concourse CC-1st Level Concourse ACerS Basic Science Division Ceramographic 7 a.m. - 6 p.m. CC-1st Level EXHIBITION Exhibit & Competition Concourse General Poster Viewing 9:30 a.m. 2 p.m. CC-Hall C General Poster Installation 10-11 a.m. CC-Hall C Exhibition Show Hours 9:30 a.m.-2 p.m. CC-Hall C General Poster Session with Presenters 11 a.m. 1 p.m. CC-Hall C ASM Mini-Materials Camp 9 a.m. - 2 p.m. CC-Hall C General Poster Viewing 1-6 p.m. CC-Hall C Football Feature 9:30 a.m. 2 p.m. CC-Hall C EXHIBITION Show Office Exhibitor Lounge Show Office 9:30 a.m. 2 p.m. CC-Hall C ASM Mini-Materials Camp 9 a.m. - 2 p.m. CC-Hall C Exhibitor Lounge 9:30 a.m. 2 p.m. CC-Hall C 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. CC-Hall C MS&T Food Court Noon-2 p.m. CC-Hall C 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. CC-Hall C LECTURES Football Feature 10 a.m.6 p.m. CC-Hall C ACerS Basic Science Division 1-2 p.m. CC-D 130 Exhibition Show Hours 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. CC-Hall C Robert B. Sosman Lecture Career Pavilion 10 a.m. - 6 p.m. CC-Hall C MS&T Food Court Noon - 2 p.m. Happy Hour Reception 4-6 p.m. CC-Hall C CC-Hall C MATERIAL ADVANTAGE STUDENT FUNCTIONS Undergraduate Student Poster Contest Display 9:30 a.m. - 2 p.m. CC-Hall C by Career Pavilion 9:30 a.m.-2 p.m. CC-Hall C in General LECTURES Graduate Student Poster Contest Display MS&T Plenary Lectures 8 10:40 a.m. ACers Frontiers of Science and Society 1-2 p.m. CC-Battelle North CC-D 130 Poster Session COMMITTEE MEETINGS Rustum Roy Lecture Undergraduate Student Poster Contest Judging MATERIAL ADVANTAGE STUDENT FUNCTIONS ACers Nominating Committee Meeting 10 a.m. - Noon CC-Hall C by Graduate Student Poster Contest Judging 10 a.m. - Noon ASM Domes Day Competition Undergraduate Student Poster Contest Display with Presenters 10:15 a.m. 1:30 p.m. 11 a.m. 1 p.m. Poster Session CC-Hall C CC-Hall C by Career Pavilion Graduate Student Poster Contest Display 11 a.m. 1 p.m. with Presenters CC-Hall C in General Poster Session Mug Drop Contest Disc Golf Contest 12:30 1:30 p.m. Undergraduate Student Poster Contest Display 1 - 6 p.m. 11:15 a.m.- 12:15 p.m. CC-Hall C CC-Hall C CC-Hall C by Career Pavilion CC-Hall C in General 9-10 a.m. ACers Engineering Ceramics Division Business Noon - 1 p.m. Meeting MS&T Steering Committee Meeting Thursday, October 8 CONFERENCE ACTIVITIES Registration Authors\' Coffee 5-6 p.m. 7 a.m. - Noon 7-8 a.m. ACerS Basic Science Division Ceramographic 7 a.m. - Noon Exhibit & Competition Hilton-Edna Boies Hopkins CC-C 110 Hilton-Edna Boies Hopkins CC-1st Level Concourse Battelle CC-1st Level Concourse CC-Hall A Career Pavilion Graduate Student Poster Contest Display 1-6 p.m. CC-Hall C in General General Poster Session with Presenters 11 a.m. 1 p.m. Student Awards Ceremony 2-3 p.m. Poster Session CC-Hall C EDUCATIONAL COURSES Sintering of Ceramics 9 a.m. 4:30 p.m. Hilton-Edna Boies Hopkins SOCIAL FUNCTIONS ACerS Companion Breakfast 8-10 a.m. MS&T Guest Tour - Tasting Tour of German Village 10 a.m. 1 p.m. Hilton-Edna Boies Hopkins CC MS&T Young Professionals Reception 4:30-6 p.m. CC-Ballroom 4-5 Foyer Friday, October 9 EDUCATIONAL COURSES Sintering of Ceramics 9:00 a.m.-2:30 p.m. Hilton-Edna Boies Hopkins ALUMNI EVENTS Alfred University 6-8 p.m. Off-site-Barley\'s Brewing Company American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org JOIN US FOR THE ACERS 117TH ANNUAL MEETING! MS&T15 MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY October 4 - 8, 2015 | Greater Columbus Convention Center | Columbus, Ohio, USA MS&T15 exhibitors (As of 8/20/15) Red = Ceramic-related companies Company Booth # exhibit hours: Monday: Tuesday: 4:30 -6 p.m. 11:30 a.m. - 6 p.m. Wednesday: 9 a.m. – 2 p.m. AdValue Technology 725 Advanced Abrasives Corp. 832 Agilent Technologies 417 Aldrich Materials Science 719 AK Steel Corporation CP2 Alfred University (CACT) 619 Allied High Tech 604 American Stress Technologies 706 00000 Angstrom Scientific 620 00000 0000 21 82 Anton Paar USA 809 Applied Test Systems 621 ArcelorMittal USA CP3 ASM International 638 Beckman Coulter Canada Ltd. 633 Brook Anco Corporation 413 Buehler 425 HALL - C 20 СМ California Nanotechnologies 518 Carl Zeiss Microscopy LLC 705 Centorr Vacuum Industries 531 CM Furnaces 533 CompuTherm 709 שט MATERIALS CAMP CVD Equipment Corporation 720 Exhibitor Lounge (6Mx 6M) DOME DAY Deltech Inc. 726 Dr. Fritsch Powder Shaping Technology 820 У ФІЛУЭЅ Ebatco 629 STUDENT AWARDS CEREMONY MUG DROP/DISC Undergraduate Posters EDAX Inc. 516 8828 EMSL Analytical, Inc. 742 Extrel 808 FEI 527 Fritsch Milling and Sizing 432 Company Booth # Gasbarre Products Inc. (PTX) 613 Goodfellow Cambridge NETZSCH Premier Technologies LLC 812 626 NIST 537 Company Springer Struers Booth # 509 708 Granta Design 512 Harper International NSL Analytical Services 637 TA Instruments 627 816 Nucor Steel CP1 NutoHitachi High Tech America 625 TEC (Technology for Energy Group) 716 nian 519 Tekna Plasma Systems Inc. 424 HORIBA Scientific 817 Hysitron Olympus 718 Tescan 505 612 International Centre for Diffraction Ophir-Spiricon LLC 711 Tev Tech LLC 428 810 Oxford Instruments 617 Thermal Technology, LLC 541 Data (ICDD) Panalytical 821 Thermcraft 521 JEOL 605 Photron USA, Inc. 631 Thermo Scientific 727 KEYENCE Corporation 824 Keysight Technologies 419 PREMIER Lab Supply, Inc. 732 Thermo-Calc 520 Lake Shore Cryotronics Proto Mfg. Ltd. 805 Thinky USA Inc. 736 806 Pulstec USA, Inc. 609 UES Inc. (Robo-Met. 3D) 630 Leco Corp. 504 Renishaw 510 Union Process 517 Linseis 407 Rigaku 804 Unitron Ltd. 733 Maney Publishing 611 Schott North America, Inc. 628 Verder Scientific, Carbolite 616 Materials Design Inc. 411 Sente Software 712 Metal Samples Wiley 807 713 Setaram Inc. 825 Zeta Instruments 728 Metcut Research 717 Micromeritics Instrument 721 Simpleware Ltd. 744 ZIRCAR Ceramics 513 MTI Corporation Spectro Analytical Instruments 545 405 MTS Systems Corp. 431 Nabertherm Inc. 737 Nanovea 813 Netzsch Instruments 704 44 Contact Mona Thiel to reserve your booth space at MS&T15. mthiel@ceramics.org or 614-794-5834 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 CAREER PAVILION PROFESSIONAL RECRUITMENT/ ☑ ☑V ป 10 ไป AIST ACERS TMS ASM 102 104 107 ☐ ㅁ American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org ㅁㅁㅁㅁ ם ם ם ם ם ם ם ם ם ם ם ם ם _ E HOSE ROOM ☐ ++ ENTRANCE Ceramographic Poster Display C120 ЗІЛУЅ ☑ REGISTRATION C110 A C111 ☑ C112 C113 ЭЗІЛУЭЅ C114 ☑ ✓ ☑..... C115 MATSCITECH.ORG Short Courses Sunday, October 4 8 a.m. - 4:30 p.m Understanding Why Ceramics Fail and Designing for Safety Instructors: Steve Freiman, Freiman Consulting Inc.; John J. (Jack) Mecholsky, University of Florida Description: This one-day course will explore the practical fracture mechanics background necessary to understand brittle failure and describe some of the unique characteristics of ceramic materials that must be taken into account in their design and use. Microstructural effects, which have a major influence on both fracture toughness and strength, will be explored in some detail. Thursday, October 8 Friday, October 9 9 a.m. 4:30 p.m. and 9 a.m. - 2:30 p.m. Sintering of Ceramics Instructors: Mohamed N. Rahaman, Missouri University of Science and Technology Description: The course will follow key topics in the textbook, Sintering of Ceramics, by M. N. Rahaman, CRC Press, and will be supplemented by detailed \"case studies\" of the sintering of specific ceramics and systems. Young Professional Programming at MS&T15 - Tuesday, Oct. 8 Noon 12:45 p.m. | CC-A 102 Young Professional Tutorial Luncheon (ticketed) 12:45 - 2 p.m. | CC-A 102 Young Professional Tutorial Lecture (open) 4:30-6 p.m. | CC-Ballroom 4-5 Foyer MS&T Young Professional Reception 45 REGISTER by December 23 to save $100! ELECTRONIC MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 2016 The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org January 20-22, 2016 DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando at Sea WorldⓇ Orlando, Florida USA Electronic Materials and Applications 2016 addresses emerging needs, opportunities, and key challenges in the field of electronic materials and applications. Technical presentations highlight advancements in materials and devices for electronics, sensors, energy generation and storage, photovoltaics, and LEDs. PLENARY SPEAKERS Schlom Darrell Schlom Cornell University Title: Oxide Materials for Electronics ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Brady Gibbons Electronics Division Oregon State University; brady.gibbons@ oregonstate.edu Gibbons Blendell John Blendell Basic Science Division Purdue University; blendell@purdue.edu Wang Haiyan Wang Electronics Division Texas A&M University; wangh@ece.tamu.edu Warren Dominique Chatain Basic Science Division CNRS-CINAM; chatain@ cinam.univ-mrs.fr Detzel Chatain James Warren National Institute of Standards and Technology Title: The Materials Genome Initiative, Data, and Open Science Thomas Detzel Infineon Technologies Austria AG Title: Power Semiconductors TECHNICAL PROGRAM S1 Multiferroic Materials and Multilayer Ferroic Heterostructures: Properties and Applications S2 Functional Materials: Synthesis, Science, Properties, and Integration S3 Use of Thermal Energy for Electrical Power Generation and Refrigeration: Fundamental Science, Materials Development, and Devices S4 lon-Conducting Ceramics S5 Multifunctional Nanocomposites S6 Computational Design of Electronic Materials S7 Processing and Microstructure of Functional Ceramics: Sintering, Grain Growth, and Their Impact on the Materials Properties S8 Interface Structure, Orientation, and Composition: Influence on Properties and Kinetics S9 Recent Developments in Superconducting Materials and Applications S10 Emerging Functionalities in Layered-Oxide and Related Materials S11 Advanced Electronic Materials: Processing, Structures, Properties, and Applications Failure: The Greatest Teacher 46 45 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 ceramics.org/ema2016 DOUBLETREE by HILTON ORLANDO AT SEA WORLDⓇ 10100 International Drive Orlando, FL 32821 407-352-1100/800-327-0363 Rate: Single/double/triple/quad - $149.00 CEONGNECHA STUDENT AWARDS AND COMPETITION: The EMA 2016 conference follows its established tradition of strongly supporting undergraduate and graduate student participation. • Six awards with cash prizes will be given at EMA 2016 for best student presentations and posters. • Shortly after the abstract submission deadline, the meeting\'s top abstracts with student presenters will be selected. Finalists will have the option of presenting in their original symposium and/or as part of special lunchtime sessions on Wednesday and Thursday highlighting the work of top students. Only presentations during the lunch sessions will be judged for cash awards, which will be given out at the conference banquet on Thursday evening. FAILURE: THE GREATEST TEACHER The vast majority of scientific literature and conference talks report positive results, but there is a lot to be learned from negative results and missteps as well. After the \"successful\" part of the meeting closes, come hear recognized leaders in the field discuss failure and perhaps recount some of their most spectacular learning experiences—during a frank and friendly discussion in a relaxed atmosphere. Speakers and audience alike are encouraged to check their egos at the door for this event that has turned into an EMA highlight. If you would like to speak at this symposium, please contact Geoff Brennecka (gbrennec@mines.edu). American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org TENTATIVE SCHEDULE Tuesday, January 19 Registration Wednesday, January 20 Registration Plenary session I Coffee break Concurrent technical sessions Lunch on own Concurrent technical sessions Coffee break Poster session & reception Thursday, January 21 Registration Plenary session II Coffee break Concurrent technical sessions Lunch on own Concurrent technical sessions Coffee break Conference dinner Friday, January 22 Registration Plenary session III Coffee break Concurrent technical sessions Lunch on own Concurrent technical sessions Coffee break Failure The Greatest Teacher 5 p.m.-6:30 p.m. 7:30 a.m.-6 p.m. 8:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 10 a.m. 10 a.m.-12:30 p.m. 12:30 p.m. – 2 p.m. 2 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. 3:30 p.m.4 p.m. 5:30 p.m. 7:30 p.m. 7:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m. 8:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m.-10 a.m. 10 a.m.-12:30 p.m. 12:30 p.m. – 2 p.m. 2 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. 3:30 p.m. - 4 p.m. 7 p.m. - 9 p.m. 7:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m. 8:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m.-10 a.m. 10 a.m.-12:30 p.m. 12:30 p.m.-2 p.m. 2 p.m. - 5:30 p.m. 3:30 p.m. – 4 p.m. 5:45 p.m.-6:45 p.m. Exciting Opportunity for Students The NEW Winter Workshop offers technical and professional development sessions. Get more information at ceramics.org/winterworshop, or page 13 of the ACerS Spotlight. 47 48 48 Register by December 23, 2015 to save! Jubilee Celebration! The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Engineering Ceramics Division 1- Amen ceramics.org/icacc2016 TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 40 AND EXPOSITION ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES January 24-29, 2016 Hilton Daytona Beach Resort and Ocean Center | Daytona Beach, Florida USA Organized by the Engineering Ceramics Division of The American Ceramic Society ICACC\'16 showcases cutting-edge research and product developments in advanced ceramics, armor ceramics, solid oxide fuel cells, ceramic coatings, bioceramics, and more. The technical program consists of 14 symposia, six focused sessions, and the 5th Global Young Investigator Forum. The technical program and Industry Expo provides an open forum for scientists, researchers, engineers, and industries from around the world to present and exchange findings on recent advances on various aspects related to ceramic science and technology. 2016 Program Chair Andrew Gyekenyesi Ohio Aerospace Institute/NASA Glenn Research Center TENTATIVE SCHEDULE OF EVENTS Sunday - January 24 Welcome Reception Monday - January 25 Opening Awards Ceremony and Plenary Session Concurrent Technical Sessions 40th ICACC Reception Tuesday - January 26 Concurrent Technical Sessions Exposition and Reception Poster Session A Wednesday - January 27 Concurrent Technical Sessions Exposition and Reception Poster Session B Thursday - January 28 Concurrent Technical Sessions 40th Jubilee Celebratory Dinner Friday January 29 Concurrent Technical Sessions 5 p.m. - 7 p.m. 8:30 a.m. Noon 1:30 p.m. - 6 p.m. 5:30 p.m. - 7 p.m. 8 a.m. - 6 p.m. 5 p.m. - 8 p.m. 5 p.m. - 8 p.m. 8 a.m.-5:30 p.m. 5 p.m. - 7:30 p.m. 5 p.m. - 7:30 p.m. 8 a.m. - 6 p.m. 7 p.m. - 10 p.m. 8 a.m. - Noon 40TH JUBILEE CELEBRATION! In honor of the momentous anniversary of ICACC, a special ICACC 40 th Jubilee book, Engineered Ceramics: Current Status and Future Prospects edited by Tatsuki Ohji and Mrityunjay Singh, will be included with regular registration and full conference registration rates (not included with one-day, student, exhibitor, and companion registrations). Extra copies will be available for purchase. 40TH JUBILEE EVENTS: • 40th JUBILEE CELEBRATORY DINNER Thursday, January 28, 7 - 10 p.m. ticketed event. • Engineered Ceramics 40 th Jubilee Symposium (date and time TBD) • 40th Jubilee – Daytona Beach Thank You Reception, sponsored by the Daytona Beach Area Convention and Visitors Bureau, Monday, January 25 (time and place TBD) Be sure to make plans to attend these gala events! www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 EXHIBITION INFORMATION Reserve your booth today for the premier international advanced ceramics and composites expo. Connect with decision makers and influencers in government labs, industry, and research and development fields. ICACC\'16 is your destination to collaborate with business partners, cultivate prospects, and explore new business opportunities. Exhibit hours: Tuesday, January 26, 5-8 p.m. Wednesday, January 27, 5 - 7:30 p.m. Exhibit location: Ocean Center Arena, 101 North Atlantic Avenue, Daytona Beach, FL Exhibit space is filling up fast. To reserve your booth, visit ceramics. org/icacc2016 or contact Mona Thiel at mthiel@ceramics.org or at AWARD AND PLENARY SPEAKERS MUELLER AWARD Jeffrey Wadsworth, president and chief executive officer, Battelle Memorial Institute Title: Challenges and Opportunities for 21st Century Research & Development Wadsworth BRIDGE BUILDING AWARD Hai-Doo Kim, president, Korean Institute of Materials Science Title: To be announced 614-794-5834. Kim Exhibitor Booth AAdValue Technology 322 PLENARY SPEAKER Alfred University 315 AMTECO Incorporated 210 Sanjay M. Correa, vice president, GE Aviation Title: SiC-SiC Ceramic Matrix Composites in Jet Engines AVS, Inc. 307 Booth Reserved 216 C-Therm Technologies Ltd. 220 Correa Centorr Vacuum Industries, Inc. 200 CM Furnaces, Inc. 311 Dorst America 301 Eirich Machines, Inc. 203 Element Materials Technology 222 Joachim Maier, director, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart (Germany); head, department of Physical Chemistry of Solids. Title: Function Through Defects: From Ceramics to Electrochemistry Elkem Silicon Materials, Inc. 303 ESL ElectroScience 204 Gasbarre Products (PTX Pentronix, Inc.) 207 H.C. Starck North American Trading LLC 305 Haiku Tech, Inc. 313 Harper International Corp. 317 Maier THE ECD GLOBAL YOUNG INVESTIGATOR AWARD Surojit Gupta, assistant professor, University of North Dakota Title: On the Design of Novel Structural Materials for Multifunctional Applications Harrop Industries, Inc. 201 Keith Company, Inc. 205 Linseis Inc. 202 Gupta MEL Chemicals 304 Microtrac 306 NETZSCH Instruments North America, LLC 300 NIST 111-113 Noritake Co., Inc. 223 Oxy-Gon Industries, Inc. 214 Sonoscan, Inc. 221 Rates: TevTech LLC 212 Thermal Wave Imaging, Inc. 321 Verder Scientific, Inc. 206 Washington Mills 320 HILTON DAYTONA BEACH RESORT 100 North Atlantic Avenue Daytona Beach, FL Phone: 1-386-254-8200 Fax: 1-386-253-0275 One to four occupants: Students: U.S.government employee: Prevailing rate Mention The American Ceramic Society $161 $132 Zircar Ceramics, Inc. 302 to obtain the special rate. Room rates American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org are effective until December 18, 2015 and are based on availability. 40 49 new products Light flash apparatus Netzsch\'s new LFA 467 HT up | HyperFlash accurately measures thermal diffusivity and conductivity from room temperature to 1,500°C. Instead of a laser, the instrument uses a xenon flash lamp, whose long lifetime provides cost-effective measurements up to 1,500°C. Fast acquisition rates of to 2 MHz along with short pulse times of up to 20 μs offer optimal conditions for conducting measurements on very thin and highly conductive materials. Netzsch-Gerätebau GmbH (Selb, Germany) www.netzsch.com +49-9287-881-0 JM 25 HD JM 26 HD JM 30 JM 28 HD Fluid bed agglomerator Kaso kasan ason\'s Vibro-Bed fluid bed agglomAerator uses a spraying system that introduces moisture to powdered material as it is fluidized and dried, forming agglomerates on a controlled basis. The fluid chamber is equipped with imbalanced weight gyratory motors and mounted on a spring suspension. Units are offered for batch and continuous applications from low-capacity laboratory and pilot plant testing to medium-highvolume production. All units also can be configured for dedicated powder coating applications as well as fluid bed drying, cooling, or moisturizing. Kason Corp. (Millburn, N.J.) www.kason.com 973-467-8140 BOOK Vertical blender/dryer Oss vertical Rblender/ dryers vacuum-dry a range of applications in solid or liquid state, such as powders, granules, pellets, fibers, pastes, and slurries. Risk of product attrition or generation of fines is well minimized in a vertical blender/dryer, because the blending action is thorough, but very low impact. The equipment features a slow-turning auger screw that gently lifts batch materials upward as it orbits around a conical vessel. Ross vertical blender/dryers do not require a bottom support bearing to keep the screw steady, so discharge is virtually complete and cleaning and maintenance is simple. Charles Ross & Son Co. (Hauppauge, N.Y.) www.mixers.com 800-243-7677 Insulating fire bricks M organ Advanced Materials\' new | JM-HD (high-density) series insulating mullite fire bricks are made from kaolin and high-purity alumina, which react during firing. The bricks are made with a slinger process-lowpressure extrusion of a wet clay mix containing high levels of burnout additives, with the semiextruded material \"slung\" onto a continuous belt to generate additional porosity, before drying and firing. The range has been extensively tested and meets all ASTM quality assurance standards. Morgan Advanced Materials (Winsor, U.K.) www.morganadvancedmaterials.com +44-0-1753-837000 50 Rheometer rookfield\'s Br new automatic gap setting feature for the RST-CPS touch-screen cone/ plate rheometer automatically sets critical gap between nose of the spindle cone and plate of the instrument. Brookfield\'s Automatic Spindle Recognition System utilizes a barcode on the spindle shaft to identify the spindle\'s cone diameter, angle, and truncation value. The instrument reads the barcode and automatically sets the gap to the proper truncation value. Brookfield Engineering (Middleboro, Mass.) www.brookfieldengineering.com 800-628-8139 Digital radiometer/photometer ew AccuPro radiometer/photometers New controlled readout unit calibrated to accurately measure and display UV-A and visi ble light readings for nondestructive-testing applications. Instruments are available in two versions. The AccuPro XP-2000 features a single dual-wavelength sensor detector designed to measure UV and visible light. The AccuPro Plus XP-4000 features a multipurpose sensor that measures UV, visible, and blue light. These compact and lightweight battery-operated units are ideal for use in the field. Paul N. Gardner Co. Inc. (Pompano Beach, Fla.) www.gardco.com 954-946-9454 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 Oresources. Calendar of events October 2015 4-8 MS&T15, combined with ACerS 117th Annual Meeting - Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, Ohio; www.matscitech.org 20-23 CERAMITEC 2015 - Messe Munich, Munich, Germany; www.ceramitec.de November 2015 2-5 76th GPC: 76th Glass Problems Conference - Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, Ohio; www.glassproblemsconference.org 9-10 NERC Fall 2015 Forum: Glass Recycling-Exploring Possible Solutions - Providence, R.I.; www.nerc.org December 2015 25-29 CAMEE2015: Int\'l Conference on Ceramic & Advanced Materials for Energy and Environment Bangalore, India; www.icskc.in January 2016 20-22 EMA 2016: ACers Electronic Materials and Applications DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando Sea World, Orlando, Fla.; www.ceramics.org 24-29 ICACC16: 40th Int\'l Conference and Expo on Advanced Ceramics and Composites - Hilton Daytona Beach Resort/Ocean Walk Village, Daytona Beach, Fla.; www.ceramics.org March 2016 6-11 Electric Field Assisted Sintering and Related Phenomena Far From Equilibrium – Tomar, Portugal; www.engconf.org/conferences April 2016 7-11 ICG XXIV Int\'l Congress Shanghai, China; www.icglass.org 17-21 MCARE 2016: Materials Challenges in Alternative & Renewable Energy- - Hilton Clearwater Beach Resort, Clearwater, Fla.; www.ceramics.org 25-29 43rd ICMCTF: Int\'l Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films - San Diego, Calif.; www2.avs. org/conferences/icmctf/ 26-28 2nd Ceramics Expo - IX Center, Cleveland, Ohio; www.ceramicsexpousa.com 26-28 5th Ceramic Leadership Summit Cleveland, Ohio; www.ceramics.org May 2016 8-11 ICCPS-13: 13th Int\'l Conference on Ceramic Processing Science - Nara, Japan; unit.aist.go.jp/ ifmri/tl-int/iccps13/ 18-22 ➡ WBC2016: 10th World Biomaterials Congress - Montreal, Canada; www.wbc2016.org June 2016 26-30 HTCMC 9 and GFMAT: 9th Int\'l Conference on High-Temperature Ceramic-Matrix Composites and Global Forum on Advanced Materials and Technologies for Sustainable Development 2016 - Toronto Marriott Downtown Eaton Centre Hotel, Toronto, Canada; www.ceramics.org July 2016 5-8 12th European SOFC & SOE Forum: 20th Conference in Series with Exhibition - Kulture-und and Kongresszentrum Lucerne, Switzerland; www.EFCF.com August 2016 21-23 ICC6: Int\'l Congress on Ceramics - Dresden, Germany; www.icc-6.com September 2016 5-9 ESG 2016/SGT100: Society of Glass Technology Conference Sheffield, U.K.; www.sgt.org October 2016 23-27 MS&T16, combined with ACerS 118th Annual Meeting - Salt Lake City, Utah; www.ceramics.org January 2017 18-20 EMA 2017: ACerS Electronic Materials and Applications DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando Sea World, Orlando, Fla.; www.ceramics.org 22-27 ICACC17: 41st Int\'l Conference and Expo on Advanced Ceramics and Composites - Hilton Daytona Beach Resort/Ocean Walk Village, Daytona Beach, Fla.; www.ceramics.org July 2017 4-7 6th European PEFC & H₂ Forum: 21st Conference in Series with Tutorial, Exhibition, and Application Market Lucerne, Switzerland; www.EFCF.com 24-28 9th Int\'l Conference on Borate Glasses, Crystals, and Melts; International Conference on Phosphate Glasses Oxford, U.K.; www.sgt.org Dates in RED denote new entry in this issue. Entries in BLUE denote ACerS events. denotes meetings that ACerS cosponsors, endorses, or otherwise cooperates in organizing. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org 51 classified advertising Career Opportunities QUALITY EXECUTIVE SEARCH, INC. Recruiting and Search Consultants Specializing in Ceramics JOE DRAPCHO 24549 Detroit Rd. Westlake, Ohio 44145 (440) 899-5070 Cell (440) 773-5937 www.qualityexec.com E-mail: qesinfo@qualityexec.com custom finishing/machining High Temp Insulation CUSTOM MACHINING Machining of Advanced Ceramics Since 1959 BMS Business Services consulting/engineering services • Precision Machinery • Complex Shapes Exacting Tolerances DELKIC & ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL CERAMIC CONSULTANTS • Worldwide Services • • Energy Saving Ceramic Coatings & Fiber Modules ⚫ FERIZ DELKIĆ Ceramic Engineer P.O. 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Bioceramics: Advances and Challenges for Affordable Healthcare Sintering of Ceramics · Surface Chemistry and Characterization of Bioactive Glasses • Understanding Why Ceramics Fail and Designing for Safety ACerS-GMIC\'s Glass Melting Furnaces and Glass Melting Furnace Air Emissions Onsite short courses Mechanical Properties of Ceramics and Glass Nucleation, Growth and Crystallization in Glasses Online tools ⚫ ACerS-NIST Phase Equilibria Diagrams database · American Ceramic Society Bulletin archive ceramics.org/learning The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org SONIC-MILL MACHINING THE UNMACHINABLE Your best source for: Multi-Hole Drilling-Ideal for gas discharge plates used in plasma etching and related applications. Whether it\'s ten holes or thousands of holes, we machine them perfectly and precisely. Deep-Hole Drilling-Ideal for optical fiber preforms and similar applications. 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Place Your Ad in the Bulletin\'s Classified 54 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 ADINDEX *Find us in ceramicSOURCE 2015 Buyer\'s Guide DISPLAY ADVERTISER AdValue Technology* ALTEO American Ceramic Society, The American Elements* Carbolite (Verder Scientific)* Ceramics Expo OCTOBER-NOVEMBER 2015 www.advaluetech.com www.alteo-alumina.com www.ceramics.org www.americanelements.com www.carbolite.com www.ceramicsexpousa.com www.deltechfurnaces.com www.gasbarre.com www.glenmills.com www.harropusa.com AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY Obulletin Deltech Inc.* Gasbarre Products (PTX Pentronix) Glen Mills Inc. Harrop Industries Inc.* Imerys Refractory Minerals I Squared R Element Co. Inc.* Mo-Sci Corp.* Netzsch Instruments North America LLC* www.imerys-refractoryminerals.com www.isquaredrelement.com www.mo-sci.com TA Instruments* Thermcraft, Inc Winner Technology Co. Ltd. Advanced Ceramic Technology Ceradyne, a 3M Company* Harrop Industries Inc.* 15 3 Inside Back Cover, 25, 26, 27, 52, 55 Outside Back Cover 5 14 13 21 19 Inside Front Cover 7 21 9 11 www.netzsch.com www.tainstruments.com 17 www.thermcraftinc.com 15 www.winnertechnology.co.kr 19 www.harropusa.com www.jtfmicroscopy.com Call for Book Authors and A Editors CerS-Wiley seeks new authors or volume editors for textbooks, handbooks, or reference books on ceramics and glass related topics. Examples topics include, and are not limited to: oxides, non-oxides, composites, environmental and energy issues; fuel cells; ceramic armor; nanotechnology; glass and optical materials; electronic/functional ceramic technology and applications; advanced ceramic materials; bioceramics; ceramic engineering, manufacturing, processing, and usage; ceramic design and properties; and health and safety. Authors and editors of new, original books receive royalties on worldwide sales of their books, while editors of proceedings volumes receive complimentary copies of their books. In addition, all authors and editors are entitled to a discount on Wiley books. To learn more or to share an idea, please contact: Anita Lekhwani Senior Acquisitions Editor John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 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West Penn Testing Group Zircar Zirconia Inc. www.sgiglass.com www.westpenntesting.com www.zircarzirconia.com Tel: 201-748-7740 Fax: 201-748-8888 E-mail: alekhwan@wiley.com Greg Geiger Technical Content Manager The American Ceramic Society 600 N. Cleveland Ave., Suite 210 Westerville, Ohio 43082 Tel: 614-794-5858 Fax: 614-794-5882 E-mail: ggeiger@ceramics.org The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Advertising Sales Mona Thiel, National Sales Director mthiel@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5834 fx: 614-891-8960 Europe Richard Rozelaar media@alaincharles.com ph: 44-(0)-20-7834-7676 fx: 44-(0)-20-7973-0076 Advertising Assistant Marianna Bracht mbracht@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5826 fx: 614-794-5842 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 | www.ceramics.org WILEY 55 O deciphering the discipline Lithium silicate research, baby pandas, with my home group, led by Jincheng Du and green tea: Strengthening international research through immersion I have long aspired to perform research outside of the United States during my graduate career. I wanted to learn additional skills and techniques beyond my thesis research as well as experience other scientific cultures. Because international collaborations are common in academic and industrial settings, I speculated that visiting a laboratory in another country could improve my understanding of global science and engineering cultures and help strengthen international collaborations KARRHORMAT at the University of North Texas. Last summer, I had the opportunity to travel to the University of Pierre and Marie Curie in Paris, France, as a visiting scholar sponsored by the National Science Foundation International Materials Institute for New Functionality of Glasses. This summer I had another opportunity to achieve my aspirations, as an NSF East Asia and Pacific Institute (EAPSI) fellow. The NSF EAPSI fellowship provided travel and in-country support for myself and 39 other fellows to perform research in fields as diverse as linguistics to neuroscience to paleontology. I traveled to Chengdu, Sichuan Province of China, to work with Xiaotao Zu and Haiyan Xiao at the Jessica Rimsza stands in front of the Golden Summit Temple on Mount Emei in Sichuan, China. Jessica Rimsza University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC). There I continued my research in computational materials science, using density functional theory simulations to investigate stability of defects in lithium silicate ceramics. These ceramicssuch as Li₂SiO3 and Li SiO4-are commonly used in energy applications, including at interfaces of lithium-ion batteries, as tritium breeding materials in fusion reactors, and for carbon dioxide sequestration. Through the expertise of my Chinese hosts, I spent the fellowship calculating defect forJessica Rimsza Guest columnist mation energies for charged defects and analyzing how they alter the surrounding crystal structure. During the summer program, I completed analysis of the lithium silicate structure of Li₂SiO3. Now that I have returned to the U.S., I continue to work on the lithium disilicate system of LiSi₂O, and will continue to collaborate with my hosts at UESTC in the future. Importantly, my experiences this summer have provided me the confidence to pursue further international collaborations. My visit to Chengdu was not all workduring orientation in Beijing, EAPSI fellows visited the Great Wall of China, Temple of Heaven, Forbidden City, and U.S. Embassy, where we learned about efforts to strengthen U.S.-China collaborations. On my first day in Chengdu, I visited the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, where I saw a set of baby panda twins. I ventured to the top of Mount Emei and saw two temples on the Golden Summit. I even visited the Wenshu Yuan Buddhist Monastery, where I read in the tea garden as men with large brass teapots filled my cup of green tea with fresh hot water. Being able to spend the summer in Chengdu and visiting the amazing cultural sites greatly improved my understanding of the country and Chinese culture, though I still have much to learn. My trip to Chengdu and UESTC was such a wonderful and productive research exchange that I look forward to additional visits and collaborations in the future. Jessica Rimsza is a fourth-year Ph.D. candidate at the University of North Texas, where she works with Jincheng Du researching the structure and properties of amorphous materials using computational methods. She is current chair of the ACerS President\'s Council of Student Advisors and has previously served as president of the UNT Material Advantage Chapter. 56 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 94, No. 8 CALL FOR PAPERS Submit your abstract by October 12, 2015 care2016 MATERIALS CHALLENGES IN ALTERNATIVE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY April 17-21, 2016 Hilton Clearwater Beach Clearwater, Fla., USA ceramics. 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