Global energy use is expected to rise 50% by 2050 due to population growth and increase in per capita energy use.¹ Concerns about the influence of burgeoning energy consumption on climate change drive interest in sustainable energy technologies that produce minimal environmental impact, avoid resource depletion, and are economically viable and socially beneficial.

Solar, wind, water, bioenergy, nuclear, geothermal, hydrogen, and fuel cell technologies have important roles to play in paving the path to sustainable development. Given the variability of wind and solar power, advances in energy storage are crucial to support increased adoption of renewable electricity generation and the reliability of the electric grid.