Celebrating 100 years AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY bulletin emerging ceramics & glass technology Game-changers: DECEMBER 2021 How ceramic and glass materials enhance performance and provide safety to sports PLUS PETRONAS Jo AND ceramicSOURCE Buyers Guide Ceramic Glass MANUFACTURING K Deltech Furnaces An ISO 9001:2015 certified company KI ASME NQA-1:2008 Quality Assurance Control Systems are Intertek certified UL508A compliant www.deltechfurnaces.com Please join us in supporting the Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation contents December 2021 • Vol. 100 No.9 feature articles cover story 17 Game-changers: How ceramic and glass materials enhance performance and provide safety to sports Sports are integral to society—not only do they provide entertainment, physical activity, and leisure, but sports are deep parts of identities, cultures, and economies worldwide. The $1.1 trillion sports market includes ripe potential for ceramic and glass materials in both established products and innovative new technologies. by April Gocha and Lisa McDonald Investigation of classical nucleation theory 30 with novel energy landscape methods 57 The methods and the software developed in this work offer a promising step to gain insights into the fundamental nature of glass-ceramic nucleation and the validity of classical nucleation theory. By Collin J. Wilkinson & John C. Mauro ceramicSOURCE 2022 Our annual reference and buyer\'s guide and directory department Spotlight Research Briefs Ceramics in Manufacturing columns Business and Market View Total knee replacement: Global markets By BCC Publishing Staff Into the Bulletin Archives2000s-present. by Lisa McDonald Deciphering the Discipline 6 13 15 3 4 38 Lithography-based additive manufacturing of ceramics for orthopedic joint implants: A focus on the tribology by Ambra Paterlini meetings Ceramics Expo highlights 33 Buyers Guide ceramic SOURCE American Ceramic Society Table of Contents 59 PACRIM 14 including GOMD 2021 Products & Services Directories 60 Company Directory. . . 112 EMA 2022 ICACC 2022 UNITECR 2022 DECEMBER 2021 VOLUME 2 ISSUE 4 39 Ceramic Glass www.ceramics.org/candǝmanufacturing MANUFACTURING Volume 2, Issue 4 – Ceramic & Glass Manufacturing What\'s next after a record-setting year for mergers and acquisitions? Also inside: resources Calendar Classified Advertising Display Ad Index.. • Industry news WHAT\'S NEXT AFTER A RECORD-SETTING YEAR FOR MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS? ELCON-UC DAVIS PARTNERSHIP INVESTIGATES DISCOLORATION OF HIGH-CALCIA ALUMINA OPTICAL GLASS: ADVANCED ROTARY SURFACE GRINDERS DELIVER MORE • POSSIBILITIES AND TIGHTER TOLERANCES Stony Brook\'s Center for Thermal Spray Research celebrates a milestone Elcon-UC Davis partnership investigates discoloration of high-calcia alumina Optical glass: Advanced rotary surface grinders deliver more possibilities and tighter tolerances American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 1 34 35 37 33 36 59 555 55 56 AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY Obulletin Editorial and Production Eileen De Guire, Editor edeguire@ceramics.org Lisa McDonald, Associate Managing Editor Michelle Martin, Production Editor Tess Speakman, Senior Graphic Designer Editorial Advisory Board Scott Cooper, Owens-Illinois Yakup Gönüllü, Schott AG Michael Hill, TevTech Inc. Eliana Muccillo, IPEN-SP, Brazil Oomman Varghese, University of Houston Kelley Wilkerson, Missouri S&T Customer Service/Circulation ph: 866-721-3322 fx: 240-396-5637 customerservice@ceramics.org Advertising Sales National Sales Mona Thiel, National Sales Director mthiel@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5834 fx: 614-794-5822 Europe Richard Rozelaar media@alaincharles.com ph: 44-(0)-20-7834-7676 fx: 44-(0)-20-7973-0076 Executive Staff Mark Mecklenborg, Executive Director and Publisher mmecklenborg@ceramics.org Eileen De Guire, Director of Technical Publications and Communications edeguire@ceramics.org Marcus Fish, Development Director Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation mfish@ceramics.org Michael Johnson, Director of Finance and Operations mjohnson@ceramics.org Mark Kibble, Director of Information Technology mkibble@ceramics.org Sue LaBute, Executive Office Manager slabute@ceramics.org Andrea Ross, Director of Meetings and Marketing aross@ceramics.org Kevin Thompson, Director of Membership kthompson@ceramics.org Officers Elizabeth Dickey, President Sanjay Mathur, President-elect Dana Goski, Past President Stephen Houseman, Treasurer Daniel Tipsord, Treasurer-elect Mark Mecklenborg, Secretary Board of Directors Helen Chan, Director 2019-2022 Monica Ferraris, Director 2019-2022 William Headrick, Director 2019-2022 Darryl Butt, Director 2020-2023 Eva Hemmer, Director 2020-2023 Makio Naito, Director 2020-2023 Kristin Breder, Director 2021-2024 Olivia Graeve, Director 2021-2024 Shibin Jiang, Director 2021-2024 Stephen Freiman, Parliamentarian online www.ceramics.org December 2021 • Vol. 100 No.9 in g+ f http://bit.ly/acerstwitter http://bit.ly/acerslink http://bit.ly/acersgplus http://bit.ly/acersfb http://bit.ly/acersrss As seen on Ceramic Tech Today... Credit: yasin hm, Unsplash Reducing the need for trial and error— systematic selection of inorganic binders for refractories The binder used in refractory production requires careful consideration because it can influence the refractory\'s final mechanical and chemical properties. Researchers in Germany advanced a selective and systematic method for choosing an inorganic binder. Read more at www.ceramics.org/inorganicbinders Also see our ACers journals... Effects of temperature and humidity on adhesion of water scale to glass substrates By S. Hayashi, T. Kobayashi, S. Sakai, et al. International Journal of Ceramic Engineering & Science Densities of liquid lanthanoid sesquioxides measured with the electrostatic levitation furnace in the ISS By C. Koyama, T. Ishikawa, H. Oda, et al. Journal of the American Ceramic Society A threshold heating rate for single-stage heat treatments in glass-ceramics containing seed formers By A. Zandona, C. B. M. Groß, B. Rüdinger, and J. Deubener Journal of the American Ceramic Society Radial cracking at Vickers indentations in pristine flat/square silica fibers By C. R. Kurkjian, S. M. Allameh, and S. Yoshida International Journal of Applied Glass Science American Ceramic Society Journal Applied Ceramic TECHNOLOGY (A) Loadcell Diamond Indenter Flat Silica Fiber Glass Slide Load Digital Video Camera Applied Glass Ceramic Engineering SCIENCE Read more at www.ceramics.org/journals & Science American Ceramic Society Bulletin covers news and activities of the Society and its members, includes items of interest to the ceramics community, and provides the most current information concerning all aspects of ceramic technology, including R&D, manufacturing, engineering, and marketing. The American Ceramic Society is not responsible for the accuracy of information in the editorial, articles, and advertising sections of this publication. Readers should independently evaluate the accuracy of any statement in the editorial, articles, and advertising sections of this publication. American Ceramic Society Bulletin (ISSN No. 0002-7812). ©2021. Printed in the United States of America. ACerS Bulletin is published monthly, except for February, July, and November, as a \"dual-media\" magazine in print and electronic formats (www.ceramics.org). Editorial and Subscription Offices: 550 Polaris Parkway, Suite 510, Westerville, OH 43082-7045. Subscription included with The American Ceramic Society membership. Nonmember print subscription rates, including online access: United States and Canada, 1 year $135; international, 1 year $150.* Rates include shipping charges. International Remail Service is standard outside of the United States and Canada. * International nonmembers also may elect to receive an electronic-only, email delivery subscription for $100. Single issues, January-October/November: member $6 per issue; nonmember $15 per issue. December issue (ceramicSOURCE): member $20, nonmember $40. Postage/handling for single issues: United States and Canada, $3 per item; United States and Canada Expedited (UPS 2nd day air), $8 per item; International Standard, $6 per item. POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 550 Polaris Parkway, Suite 510, Westerville, OH 43082-7045. Periodical postage paid at Westerville, Ohio, and additional mailing offices. Allow six weeks for address changes. ACSBA7, Vol. 100, No. 9, pp 1- 138. All feature articles are covered in Current Contents. 2 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 business and market view A regular column featuring excerpts from BCC Research reports on industry sectors involving the ceramic and glass industry. bcc Research Total knee replacement: Global markets By BCC Publishing Staff The he global market for total knee replacement was valued at $6.3 billion in 2020. The market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 4.1%, to reach $8.0 billion by 2026. Total knee replacement is a procedure whereby an artificial joint replaces a damaged knee joint. If a procedure is being performed for the first time on a patient, it is called a primary replacement procedure. Revision procedures are performed once degradation of the joint prostheses or other conditions, such as fracture, cancer, or other causes, has occurred. Generally, 90% to 95% of patients are satisfied with the outcome of their procedure. In some cases, 95% of the knee replacements remain in use after 10 to 15 years post-surgery. Key factors driving growth in the total knee replacement market are the increasing incidence of orthopedic disorders among the population-including osteoarthritis, lower limb joint pain, and medial cartilage tear-and an aging population. Other growth factors include increasing approvals of technologically advanced products and rising R&D investments in knee replacement implants. Also, the increasing incidence of orthopedic disorders related to the growing incidence of both diabetes and obesity cases is pushing growth in the total knee replacement market. Although the overall design of total knee implants varies, total knee implants generally have three basic components: • The femoral component attaches to the end of the femur. It has a groove that provides the patellar component to Table 1. Global market for total knee replacement, by product category, through 2026 ($ millions) 2019 2020 2021 2026 Product category CAGR % (2021-2026) Primary total knee 4,514.4 4,675.3 4,825.6 5,830.0 3.9 replacement Revision total knee 1,564.3 1,635.9 1,704.9 2,160.3 4.8 replacement 6,078.7 6,311.2 6,530.5 7,990.3 Total slide up and down smoothly as the knee bends and straightens. • The patellar component is a domeshaped piece that mimics the kneecap. Because the patella rests against the femur, the alignment of the patellar and femoral components is crucial for proper function. • The tibial component is a flat, twopiece component attached to the tibia. It typically consists of a metal part, which lies on top of the tibia and has a stem inserted into the tibia for stability, and a plastic part, which acts as a cushion between the metal tibial component and the femoral component. These three components are cemented in place, but some physicians use a cementless procedure that supports the bone growth into the implant to help strengthen stability. The growing demand for tighter surgical fit has made manufacturers of total knee implants acknowledge the need for patient-centric implant designs. In response to such demands, implant manufacturers have made incremental moves to develop personalized implants. However, because customized total knee replacement surgery is a relatively new concept, there is limited data to determine if the use of custom implants offer better patient outcomes and functionality than standard knee replacement systems. North America is estimated to have the highest market share and the AsiaPacific region is anticipated to have the 4.1 Table 2. Global market shares of total knee replacement, by manufacturer, 2020 (%) Company Zimmer Biomet Stryker Market share (%) 33.9 21.1 DePuy Synthes 16.7 Smith & Nephew Others 12.0 16.3 highest growth rate during the forecast period 2021-2026. Subjects younger than 65 years of age represent the fastestgrowing population of total knee replacement recipients and are anticipated to account for more than 50% of knee replacement procedures by 2030. About the author BCC Publishing Staff provides comprehensive analyses of global market sizing, forecasting, and industry intelligence, covering markets where advances in science and technology are improving the quality, standard, and sustainability of businesses, economies, and lives. Contact the staff at Helia.Jalili@bccresearch.com. Resource BCC Publishing Staff, \"Total knee replacement: Global markets\" BCC Research Report MDS053A, September 2021. www.bccresearch.com. 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 3 O bulletin timeline By Lisa McDonald Into the Bulletin Archives-A look back at our 100 years in print Since May 1922, the ACerS Bulletin has served the ACerS community, providing them updates on member news, Division meetings, and the latest research in ceramics and glass. In celebration of Volume 100 this year, the Bulletin editorial team is running a special column in each issue of the 2021 Bulletin that looks at the history of the Bulletin by decade. This issue highlights the 2000s-present. We hope you enjoyed following the journey of the Bulletin from its early years to today. As an ACerS member, you have access to all 100 years of the Bulletin on the Bulletin Archive Online at https://bulletin-archive.ceramics.org. 100 Into the Bulletin Archives-2000s-present Since its launch, the Bulletin published 12 issues every year, but that changed in the 2000s. The Bulletin dropped to 10 issues in 2009 (by combining June/July and October/November) and then nine issues in 2010 (by combining January/February). Expansions to the Society structure is one of the main trends tracked by the Bulletin in the 2000s and 2010s. These expansions were driven by concerns in the early 2000s about declines in participation, memberA Things were different later, but early Monday morning the lines for registration v A steel drum sends out a calypso beat as the bond entertains reception oftendees. Attendees feast on the buffet that was part of the tropical themed Welcome Reception on Sunday evening For three decades, The American Ceramic Society conducted the International Conference on Advanced Ceramics & Composites in Cocoa Beach, Fla. In 2007, however, the Society moved ICACC to Daytona Beach, Fla., to accommodate increased attendance and an expanded number of exhibits. Above are images from the first ICACC at Daytona Beach. 4 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Credit: ACerS Bulletin (February 2007) Vol. 86 Iss. 2, p. 14 ship, and finances, so \"the Board...took a more hands-on approach in addressing these issues,\" according to a state of the Society report in the October 2006 issue. Some of the changes to better serve membership include • 2005-Formation of the Material Advantage student program with ASM, AIST, and TMS. (Read more in the September 2005 issue, p. 23) • 2008-Formation of the President\'s Council of Students Advisors. (Read more in the June 2008 issue, p. 20) • 2009-Formation of the Young Professionals Network. (Read more in the September 2009 issue, p. 43) ⚫ 2017-Formation of ACerS International Chapters. (Read more in the September 2017 issue, p. 3) The Society also launched the Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation in 2014, as described in the January/February 2014 issue. The Foundation\'s goal is to promote the formation of a working association between industries and universities to develop the next generation of ceramic and glass scientists and engineers. The ACerS journals also witnessed significant expansion in the last two decades, with the launch of three new journals: • • 2004-International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, announced in the October 2003 issue. 2010-International Journal of Applied Glass Science, announced in the June/July 2009 issue. 2019-International Journal of Ceramic • Engineering & Science, announced in the October/ November 2018 issue. Several changes occurred to the Society Division structure in the 2000s. The July 2000 issue reported www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 2000s Credit: ACers Bulletin (January/February 2017) Vol. 96 Iss. 1, p. 15 that the Materials & Equipment Division and the Whitewares Division merged to form a single Division after struggling for several years with programming needs and a decline in meeting attendance. However, because the ACerS Constitution does not have a procedure to allow Divisions to merge, each Division petitioned the Board to change its name to Whitewares & Materials and adopted the same purpose. The July issue also reported that the Design Division changed its name back to Art, the name it originally held before changing to Design in the 1940s. The 2010s witnessed a few more changes to the Divisions, bringing us to the structure that the Society has today. The March 2013 issue reported on the renaming of the Art Division to the Art, Archaeology & Conservation Science Division, a change made to better reflect \"the numerous intersection points between art and materials science.\" Two years later, the May 2015 issue announced the transformation of the inactive Whitewares & Materials Division into the new Manufacturing Division, which has a much broader William \"Bill\" Lee, left, receives the ceremonial ceramic gavel from Mrityunjay Singh. Lee was the first Society president who resided outside the United States during his term. focus to meet the needs of today\'s manufacturers. The Society witnessed the creation of an entirely new Division in 2017. The January/February 2018 issue announced the launch of the Bioceramics Division, which was formed out of the ~90-member Bioceramic Technical Interest Group. The last Division to undergo a rebranding was the Nuclear & Environmental Technology Division, which became part of the new Energy Materials and Systems Division in 2020, as announced in that year\'s March issue. Ceramic and glass manufacturers flex muscles at ceramics expo 2015 mo.sci Eng for d fe C Harper Spark 2 The first Ceramics Expo took place April 26-28, 2015, in Cleveland, Ohio. ACerS is the founding partner of the annual show, which is run by U.K.-based event company Smarter Shows. Credit: ACerS Bulletin (June/July 2015) Vol. 94 Iss. 5, p. 48 DIVISIONS OF THE SOCIETY During the 2000s, the Society had 10 Divisions. ⚫Art (previously Design) ⚫Basic Science • Cements • Electronics • Engineering Ceramics • Glass & Optical Materials • Nuclear & Environmental Technology •Refractory Ceramics • Structural Clay Products • Whitewares & Materials (merger of Whitewares and Materials & Equipment) During the 2010s, the Society had 11 Divisions. Art, Archaeology & Conservation Science (previously Art) • Basic Science • Bioceramics (New) • Cements • Electronics • Energy Materials and Systems (previously • Nuclear & Environmental Technology) Engineering Ceramics • Glass & Optical Materials • Manufacturing (previously Whitewares & Materials) •Refractory Ceramics • Structural Clay Products American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 5 ●acers spotlight Welcome new ACerS Corporate Partners SOCIETY ACerS is pleased to welcome its newest Corporate Partners: DIVISION SECTION CHAPTER NEWS BEKESON GLASS - Bekeson Glass, LLC PETROCERAMICS Turn natural complexity into technology - Petroceramics S.P.A. To learn about the benefits of ACerS Corporate Partnership, contact Kevin Thompson, membership director, at (614) 794-5894 or kthompson@ceramics.org. 100 2021 Pittsburgh Section annual golf outing The Annual Golf Outing of the ACerS Pittsburgh Section returned on Monday, Sept. 13, at Lenape Heights Golf Resort. Participants enjoyed a complete program of special events, including 18 holes of golf, dinner, prizes and awards, and more. Thank you to Fiven North America, Inc. for sponsoring the $10,000 Hole in One challenge. Golfers enjoyed competing for the prize even though no one took it home. 100 Welcome! Pittsburgh Section ACers welcomes new Southern California Section At ACerS Annual Meeting at MS&T21, the ACerS Board of Directors approved the establishment of the Southern California Section. The officers of the new Section are Chair: Toby Schaedler, HRL Laboratories Secretary: Ryan McCarty, SAFCell Treasurer: Ellen Heian Congratulations to the newest ACerS Section! 100 Central Pennsylvania Section welcomes new Section chair With the recent retirement of John Hellmann, FACerS, the Central Pennsylvania Section welcomes Allen Kimel from The Pennsylvania State University as its chair. Congratulations, John Hellmann, on your retirement, and welcome, Allen Kimel! 100 Thailand Chapter plans ICAPMA-JMAG for December 2021 The Joint International Conference on Applied Physics and Materials Applications & Applied Magnetism and Ferroelectrics is Dec. 1-4, 2021. Visit the website at https://www.matscitech-thailand.com/2021/index.php for more information. 100 FOR MORE Western New York Section October meeting focuses on processing INFORMATION: ceramics.org Carty William Carty, FACerS, Emeritus Professor of Ceramic Engineering in the Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering at New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred University, spoke on Thursday, Oct. 7, 2021, at the Western New York Section meeting on the topic, It starts with ceramic processing (Think like a particle). 100 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 ACerS members in ASM\'s 2021 Class of Fellows Armstrong Balani Du Madsen Shareef Sundaram Beth L. Armstrong, FASM Senior research staff Oak Ridge National Laboratory | Oak Ridge, Tenn. | Kantesh Balani, FASM Professor Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India | Jincheng Du, FACerS, FASM Volunteer spotlight ACerS Volunteer Spotlight profiles a member who demonstrates outstanding service to the Society. Reaney Ian Reaney is the Dyson Chair in Ceramics at University of Sheffield in Sheffield, United Kingdom, and the director for the £2 million Transforming Foundation Industries Network Plus. He obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Manchester, U.K., and has served as an adjunct professor at The Pennsylvania State University and University of Aveiro, Portugal. Reaney currently serves as the chair of the ACerS United Kingdom Chapter. He previously won the ACerS Electronics Division Edward C. Henry Award. Additionally, he was awarded the Verulam Medal for Ceramics and the Robert E. Newnham Award, and is a Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society and Institute of Mining Minerals and Materials. Rosario Gerhardt, FACerS, is senior Goizueta Faculty Chair at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Prior to Georgia Tech, she was at Rutgers University. Gerhardt\'s membership with ACerS began in the 1980s as a graduate student at Columbia University. An ACerS Fellow since 2000, she was profiled in a book focused on women in ceramics and glass in 2015, received the Friedberg Lecture award in 2017, and was recently elected to the World Academy of Ceramics. She is also a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Gerhardt Gerhardt is active in the Electronics Division of ACerS. In addition to serving on its executive committee, she served as chair of the Electronics Division. She also served on the ACerS Bulletin Advisory Board; as advisor to the Georgia Tech student chapter of ACerS; and as a judge of student posters, papers, and GEMS awardees. University of North Texas Most recently, she served as a member of the awards committee for the Education and Denton, Texas Professional Development Council. Professor | Lynnette D. Madsen, FACERS, FASM Program director National Science Foundation Alexandria, Va. Iqbal Shareef, FASM Professor, industrial and manufacturing engineering Bradley University Peoria, Ill. S.K. Sundaram, FACerS, FASM Inamori Professor of Engineering We extend our deep appreciation to Reaney and Gerhardt for their service to our Society! 100 Names in the news Members-Would you like to be included in the Bulletin\'s Names in the News? Please send a current head shot along with the link to the article to mmartin@ceramics.org. The deadline is the 30th of each month. Boccaccini Aldo R. Boccaccini, FACerS, professor and head of the Institute of Biomaterials at University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany, was elected vice-president of the Federation of European Materials Societies. Boccaccini has been a member of the Executive Committee of FEMS since 2016, representing the German Materials Society. Materials Science and Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering McGuffinCawley The New York State College of Ceramics Alfred University, Alfred, N.Y. 100 Jim McGuffin-Cawley, professor of materials science and senior associate dean of the Case School of Engineering, received the Meritorious Service Award, which recognizes outstanding service to the Case Alumni Association and to Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org Sudipta Seal, FACerS, FASM, MSE, AMPAC Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, was awarded the 2021 Alpha Sigma Mu Lecture, titled Innovation through design strategy: A material\'s journey from coatings to biomedical intervention. Seal Arun Varshneya, FACerS and ACerS DLM, was honored by the Case Alumni Association for his professional achievements and his support of today\'s students. He received the Gold Medal, the association\'s highest annual honor, at Case Western Reserve University\'s Homecoming and Reunion Weekend, Oct. 9-10, 2021. 100 Varshneya CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 7 acers spotlight more SOCIETY DIVISION SECTION American Ceramic Society www.ceramics Free to ACerS members CHAPTER Ceramic Tech Chat: NEWS Hosted by ACerS Bulletin editors, Ceramic Tech Chat talks with ACerS members to learn about their unique and personal stories of how they found their way to careers in ceramics. Frontiers of Ceramics & DECEMBER 9, 2021 Glass Webinar Series 2:00 P.M. EASTERN US TIME Title: A Density Functional Theory (DFT) Investigation of Small Molecule Adsorption on Mineral Surfaces in Cultural Heritage PRESENTER: JESSICA HEIMANN - University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) Hosted by: Art, Archaeology and Conservation Science Division Sossina Haile and Olivia Graeve ceramic Tech chat The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org New episodes publish www.ceramics.org/ceramic-tech-chat the second Wednesday of each month. September guest, Sossina Haile, FACerS, Walter P. Murphy Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Northwestern University, discusses fuel cell technol ogy, her experience as an Diversifying energy sources and workforce: Sossina Haile Building cross-border research communities: Olivia Graeve immigrant pursuing science, and tips for diversification in both of these areas. In the October episode, Olivia Graeve, FACerS, professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at the University of California, San Diego, discusses growing up in Tijuana, Mexico, why she believes compassion is the key to a diverse community, and describes her work building bridges between Mexico and the U.S. as director of the CaliBaja Center for Resilient Materials & Systems. Listen to Haile and Graeve\'s interviews-and all of our other Ceramic Tech Chat episodes at http://ceramictechchat.ceramics.org/974767. 100 IN MEMORIAM Lithoz celebrates 10 years Michael Hardwick Akio Kato Patrick J. Leonard Vojislav Mitic Some detailed obituaries can also be found on the ACerS website, www.ceramics.org/in-memoriam. Lithoz GmbH (Vienna, Austria) celebrated its 10-year anniversary as a provider of 3D printing machines and materials. Initially founded as a spin-off from TU Wien in 2011, Lithoz was created to establish ceramic 3D printing as a reliable manufacturing process for industrial mass production. View a video with anniversary celebration highlights at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NxzuCSPtqE. 100 Mo-Sci Corporation and ETS Technology Holdings sold to Hereaus The Heraeus Group (Hanau, Germany) acquired Mo-Sci Corporation and ETS Technology Holdings, LLC, both located in Rolla, Mo. Mo-Sci was founded by Delbert Day in 1985, and ETS was founded in 2012. See p. 44 for more details. 100 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 0 AWARDS AND DEADLINES ACerS runs a thriving awards program that recognizes the contributions of deserv ing individuals and companies within the ceramics and glass community. For more information, visit ceramics.org/awards or contact Erica Zimmerman at ezimmerman@ceramics.org. Division Award AACS Anna O. Shepard Nomination Deadline Jan. 15, 2022 Description Goong FOR MORE INFORMATION: ceramics.org/members/awards BSD Early Discovery Jan. 15, 2022 Cements Early Career Jan. 15, 2022 Presented to an individual(s) who has made outstanding contributions to materials science applied to art, archaeology, architecture, or cultural heritage. Recognizes an early career member of ACers who has demonstrated a contribution to basic science in the field of glass and ceramics. Recognizes an outstanding early career scientist who is conducting research in the field of cement and concrete in academia, industry, or a government funded laboratory. Recognizes research excellence in glass GOMD Norbert J. Kreidl Jan. 21, 2022 science. Open to all degree-seeking GOMD George W. Morey Jan. 21, 2022 GOMD L. David Pye Lifetime Jan. 21, 2022 GOMD Stookey Lecture Jan. 21, 2022 GOMD Varshneya-Mauro- Jan. 21, 2022 Jain Guru-Chela Travel Fund graduate students (M.S. or Ph.D.) or those who have graduated within a twelve-month period of the annual GOMD meeting. Recognizes new and original work in the field of glass science and technology. The criterion for winning the award is excellence in publication of work, either experimental or theoretical, done by an individual. Given to deserving a individual(s) in recognition of lifetime dedication, vision, and accomplishments in advancing the fields of glass science, glass engineering, and glass art. Recognizes an individual\'s lifetime of innovative exploratory work or noteworthy contributions of outstanding research on new materials, phenomena, or processes involving glass, that have commercial significance or the potential for commercial impact. Recognizes the special bond of knowledge, trust, and growth between a teacher (\"Guru\") and a student (\"Chela\"), benefitting both. 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 9 acers spotlight Society and Division award nominations due mid-January more AWARDS represented minorities, industry scientists and engineers, and international members. We Nominations are encouraged for candidates from groups that have been underrepresented in ACers awards relative to their participation in the Society, including women, underAND DEADLINES urge you to submit nominations by Jan. 15, 2022, for many Society and Division awards. 100 ACerS Corporate awards: January 15 deadline While ACers has a large and varied awards program, there are awards specifically designed for our important group of Corporate Partners. Each award will be presented at the ACerS Annual Meeting in October 2022 in Pittsburgh, Pa. Corporate awards are a wonderful way for your organization and talented employees to be recognized for their achievements. For more information about each award, visit ceramics.org/awards or contact Erica Zimmerman at ezimmerman@ceramics.org. 100 EMSD logo contest Are you creative? Could you use a $500 Amazon gift card? The Energy Materials and Systems Division seeks design submissions for their Division logo! Deadline is Jan. 5, 2022. For more details, visit https://bit.ly/EMSDLogoContest. 100 STUDENTS AND OUTREACH 10 7411 EXIT FOR MORE INFORMATION: ACerS Morgan Medal and Global Distinguished Doctoral Dissertation Award Plan to submit a nomination for the Morgan Medal and Global Distinguished Doctoral Dissertation Award. This award recognizes a distinguished doctoral dissertation in the ceramics and glass discipline. The award is generously sponsored by Morgan Advanced Materials and includes the Morgan Medal. Nominations should be made by a person very familiar with the student\'s work, such as the research supervisor. It is expected that the student will collaborate in the preparation of the nomination package. Review nomination instructions at www.ceramics.org/doctoraldissertationaward, and submit the nomination materials by Jan. 15, 2022. 100 BSD Ceramographic awardees Roland B. Snow Award for Best in Show Single crystalline galaxy Joseph Wood and Klaus van Benthem University of California, Davis Transmission electron microscopy category First place: Nano penguin Boyi Qu and Klaus van Benthem University of California, Davis Scanning electron microscopy category First place: Single crystalline galaxy Joseph Wood and Klaus van Benthem University of California, Davis Second place: A starry night Bo Yang, Xin Li Phuah, Haiyan ceramics.org/students Wang, and Xinghang Zhang Purdue University CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Third place: Pollen derived carbons Jialing Tang and Vilas Pol Purdue University Scanning probe microscopy category First place: Hummingbird plastically imprinted Xufei Fang¹ 2, Tingting Zhu¹, Kuan Ding, and Atsutomo Nakamura² \'Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany Osaka University, Japan Second place: Micro domain city Oliver Preuss, Fangping Zhuo, Jürgen Rödel, and Xufei Fang Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany 100 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 more STUDENTS MS&T21 student contest winners The Material Advantage Student Program sponsored various contests for undergraduate and graduate students during MS&T21 in Columbus, Ohio. Thank you to all who helped judge and organize the contests this year, and congratulations to all the student winners. AND Material Advantage Graduate Student Poster Competition OUTREACH 1st place - $250 Celia Chari, California Institute of Technology 2nd place - $150 Rupesh Rajendran, Georgia Institute of Technology 3rd place - $100 Gaurav Singh, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Material Advantage Undergraduate Student Poster 1st place - $250 Amelia Martinez, University of Missouri Science and Technology 2nd place - $150 Mirra Rasmussen, Case Western Reserve University 3rd place - $100 Hugh Smith, Case Western Reserve University Material Advantage Undergraduate Student Speaking Contest 1st place - $500 Alison Nunes, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 2nd place - $250 Mingwei Xu, Case Western Reserve University 3rd place $150 Yulia Kirina, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University 4th place - $100 Yuxi Zhang, Wuhan University of Technology Material Advantage Ceramic Mug Drop Contest-Organized by Keramos Winner $100 and trophy Sophie Grier, Missouri University of Science and Technology Most aesthetic mug - $50 Elliot Sutalski, Missouri University of Science and Technology VIRTUAL: Most aesthetic mug - $50 Claire Pallett, Missouri University of Science and Technology Material Advantage Ceramic Disc Golf Contest-Organized by Keramos Winner $100 and trophy Camden Holloway, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University VIRTUAL: Most aesthetic disc - $100 Jacob Stacy, Missouri University of Science and Technology Material Advantage Social Media Contest $100 Neelam Meena, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 11 acers spotlight more STUDENTS Congratulations to the 2021 GEMS awardees The ACerS Basic Science Division recently announced the winners of its 2021 Graduate Excellence in Materials Science Awards. Congratulations to the 2021 GEMS Award Finalists. AND Diamond Ranking: • • Corey Carlos, University of Wisconsin-Madison OUTREACH Eeshani Paresh Godbole, University of Minnesota • Spencer Dahl, University of California, Davis Graduate students whose abstracts are accepted for a talk at ACerS Annual Meeting at MS&T22 in Pittsburgh, Pa., should consider applying for the 2022 GEMS Awards. For more information, visit www.ceramics.org/gems. 100 Grad students: Choose GGRN to advance your career Build an international network of peers within the ceramic and glass community by joining the Global Graduate Researcher Network. GGRN is ACerS membership option that addresses the professional and career development needs of graduate level research students who have a primary interest in ceramics and glass. Membership in GGRN is only $30 per year. Visit www.ceramics.org/ggrn to learn how GGRN membership can help you in your future career. You may also contact Yolanda Natividad, ACerS member engagement manager, at ynatividad@ceramics.org if you have any questions. 100 Did you graduate recently? ACerS has a gift for you! ACers Associate Membership connects you to more than 9,000 professionals and students from more than 70 countries. ACerS can help you succeed by offering you the gift of a FREE Associate Membership for the first year following graduation. Your second year of membership is only $40. Associate members have access to leadership development programs, special networking receptions, volunteer opportunities, and more. Let ACers make your transition to a seasoned professional easier. Start your free yearlong membership by visiting www.ceramics.org/associate or contact Yolanda Natividad, ACerS member engagement manager, at ynatividad@ceramics.org. 100 12 Winter Workshop JAN 21 23.2022 DAYTONA BEACH, FL. USA Winter Workshop 2022 will be held in conjunction with the 46th International Conference and Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites (ICACC) at the Hilton Daytona Beach Oceanfront Resort, Daytona Beach, Fla. Eligible attendees are undergraduate and graduate students. Both Ph.D. students and post-doctoral researchers are eligible as well, with priority given to Ph.D. students. Winter Workshop will begin on Friday evening with a welcome social hour, dinner, and introductory activity. Saturday morning will be filled with special presentations by noted scientists in the fields of advanced ceramics and composites. A professional development workshop will take place in the afternoon and will be followed by a social hour and The registration fee of $635 will cover five nights (January 21-25) at the Hilton Daytona Beach Oceanfront Resort (shared housing), Winter Workshop, Kennedy Space Center Tour, and activities of ICACC (through January 25). If you have a traveling companion who is not attending Winter Workshop, they can register for the Kennedy Space Center Tour separately. A poster session will be held on Tuesday, Jan. 25. Contact Marilyn Stoltz at mstolz@ceramics.org for information. For questions about Winter Workshop, contact Amanda Engen at aengen@ceramics.org. To register, visit https://ceramics.org/winter-workshop-2022. CERAMICANDGLASSINDUSTRY dinner. A tour of Kennedy Space Center is scheduled for Sunday prior FOUNDATION to the opening reception for ICACC on Sunday evening. CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 research briefs Credit: Tsymbalov et al., npj Computational Materials (CC BY 4.0) New neural network demonstrates enhanced symmetry awareness Researchers from Lehigh and Stanford universities developed a new machine learning algorithm that includes symmetry-aware features to improve modeling of materials. A material\'s structure plays a major role in determining the material\'s properties and behavior. Unfortunately, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a type of machine learning commonly used to analyze visual imagery, are unable to easily detect these structural features because of their inability to recognize an image when it is rotated. Techniques such as 2D-rotational equivariant and 3D-euclidian neural networks can correct this limitation, but the fact remains that CNNs do not inherently understand symmetry. Thus, the corrective techniques generally only allow for narrow-bounded conclusions, and if a new example lies on the periphery of the training data distribution, the predictions might be nonsensical. Currently, it is not possible to develop a neural network that inherently understands symmetry. However, improving a neural network\'s ability to approximate symmetry without relying on corrective techniques is an achievable goal-and the one aimed for by the researchers of the recent study. They began by developing and training two complementary neural network-based algorithms. One neural network can classify natural images, and the other can classify images that belong to wallpaper group symmetries, i.e., mathematical classifications of 2D repetitive patterns. After training the algorithms, they used manifold learning techniques to create 2D projections that correlated images based on their composition and structure, irrespective of the length scale of the images. Repeated exploration revealed more nuanced details of the image similarities. After proving the potential of their network on the generated images, the researchers applied their neural network to piezoresponse force microscopy images collected on diverse materials systems over five years at the University of CaliforResearch News Dancing with the light: A new way to make crystals bend by shining light Waseda University researchers validated a new mechanism to generate fast bending motion in thick crystals using ultraviolet light. Called the \"photothermal effect,\" this phenomenon occurs when heat is generated by exciting materials with light. However, the bend angle dropped rapidly with increasing crystal thickness, revealing that the bending was caused by photoisomerization. Because the bending motion can now be simulated as well, it provides the basis for practical applications such as in light-driven actuators. For more information, visit https://www.waseda.jp/top/en/news. 100 The entire machine learning scheme involves pre-train, data fusion, and active learning. The solid arrows show the workflow, and clock symbols indicate the relative time required for ab initio calculations. nia, Berkeley. The results? The network successfully grouped similar classes of materials together and observed trends, even though it did not have an inherent understanding of the materials system, structure, or underlying symmetry. In an email, Lehigh assistant professor of materials science and engineering Joshua Agar says the results of this study are exciting not only because of the successful approximations but because they offer a first “use case\" of an innovative new datastorage system called DataFed. DataFed is a federated system housed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory that manages “the data storage, communication, and security infrastructure present within a network of participating organizations and facilities,\" according to the ORNL website. An interdisciplinary team at Lehigh University, called the Presidential Nano-Human Interface Initiative, played an active role in the design and development of DataFed. Agar is a part of the Presidential NHI team, and he says the new symmetry algorithm they developed will be integrated with the DataFed system to address what he sees as the twosided problem of data science. \"There are no suitable data repositories for collecting, collating, and searching scientific data, and there are no good tools to extract knowledge simply from scientific databases. DataFed Lithium-ion batteries made with recycled materials can outlast newer counterparts Worcester Polytechnic Institute researchers extracted the electrodes from shredded spent batteries and recovered over 90% of three key metals―nickel, manganese, and cobalt-which they used to create new cathodes. In tests of how well batteries maintain their capacity to store energy after repeated use and recharging, batteries with recycled cathodes outperformed those made with all-new commercial materials of the same composition. Specifically, it took 11,600 charging cycles for the batteries with recycled cathodes to lose 30% of their initial capacity, which is about 50% better than the 7,600 cycles for batteries with new cathodes. For more information, visit https://www.sciencenews.org. 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 13 research briefs addresses the former, and the manuscript addresses the latter,\" he says. The open-access paper, published in npj Computational Materials, is \"Symmetry-aware recursive image similarity exploration for materials microscopy\" (DOI: 10.1038/s41524-021-00637-y). 100 Excess aluminum extends HallPetch relation in nanocrystalline ceramics Two researchers at the University of California, Davis, showed that adding extra aluminum to zinc aluminate can extend the Hall-Petch relation. The Hall-Petch relation is a quantitative description of how yield strength of a material increases as grain size decreases. In other words, a ceramic becomes harder as its grains become smaller. However, once grains become smaller than 100 nm, researchers have observed an inverse Hall-Petch relation. Instead of the ceramic becoming harder, researchers have witnessed what they call a \"softening,” i.e., its hardness begins to decrease. Researchers for years have debated the mechanisms behind inverse HallPetch in ceramics. In 2019, a team led by Ricardo Castro, ACerS Fellow and professor of materials science and engineering at the University of California, Davis, suggested that cracking caused by \"the activation of new energy dissipation modes\" was the cause. At that time, Castro said the next step was to define a strategy to control cracking and thereby avoid the inverse Hall-Petch relation. Now, in a paper published almost exactly two years later, Castro and graduate student Luis Sotelo Martin describe one approach to mitigate inverse Hall-Petch and extend the Hall-Petch relation. They begin by recounting what they determined in the 2019 study-that as grain sizes decrease, the corresponding increase in grain boundary energy leads to intergranular fracture and a decrease in hardness. \"This proposed relationship between grain boundary energy (or grain bound14 ary strength) and Hall-Petch behavior suggests that the inverse Hall-Petch relation could be mitigated by avoiding an increase in grain boundary energy, suggesting \'colossal\' hardening may be achieved in nanoceramics,” they write. The researchers suggest off-stoichiometric compounds, or those that do not have the expected integer ratios between components, could be a way avoid an increase in grain boundary energy. Previous studies found that ceramics featuring off-stoichiometric formulations have altered grain boundary properties. For example, studies on magnesium aluminate showed excess aluminum affected the local space charge layer and phenomena such as grain boundary migration. Also, a study on zinc aluminate showed that increasing the ratio of aluminum to zinc can suppress coarsening during sintering. Despite its potential for altering grain boundary properties, the effect of offstoichiometry has not been well studied in the context of the Hall-Petch relation. Castro and Sotelo Martin looked to fill that with their recent study, which was funded by the Army Research Office. gap They used coprecipitation to synthesize a quasi-stoichiometric nanocrystalline zinc aluminate (ZnAl2004) powder and an aluminum-rich ZnAl2.8704 nanopowder. Then, they sintered the nanopowders either by deformablepunch spark plasma sintering or highpressure spark plasma sintering. They sintered the nanopowders in two ways to address a question arising from previous studies. Specifically, some studies that used high-pressure spark plasma sintering for fabrication reported the occurrence of inverse Hall-Petch, while some studies that fabricated their ceramics via deformable-punch spark plasma sintering did not. Because these results could indicate an effect of sintering condition on the inverse Hall-Petch relation, Castro and Sotelo Martin wanted to account for this possibility. Following Vickers hardness testing, the researchers determined that sintering technique does not substantially affect the occurrence of inverse Hall-Petch in nanocrystalline oxides. In contrast, CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Hardness H, (GPa) 20 20 Grain size D (nm) 50 40 30 25 20 18 16 14 12 10 19 ●S-ZAO ▲ E-ZAO 18 17 72 16 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.24 Grain size Das (nms) 10 0.28 0.32 Vickers hardness plotted in Hall-Petch form for quasi-stoichiometric zinc aluminate (S-ZAO, blue) and aluminum-rich zinc aluminate (E-ZAO, red) samples along with their fits (dashed lines) according to the Sheinerman et al. model. Samples sintered using deformable-punch spark plasma sintering are denoted in hollow symbols. excess aluminum did have an effectwhile the quasi-stoichiometric samples prepared by high-pressure spark plasma sintering exhibited a maximum hardness of 18.6 GPa at a grain size of 21.4 nm, the aluminum-rich samples produced by the same technique strengthened up to 19.2 GPa at 12.6 nm grain sizes. In the paper, Castro and Sotelo Martin explain that analysis of the samples showed aluminum enrichment altered the cracking patterns formed beneath the Vickers indentations, which affects how the samples accommodate load. Specifically, the aluminum “improves grain boundary toughness by serving as a pinning agent for grain shearing, similar to reports for rare-earth doping,\" they write. Castro adds that they have some preliminary tests showing toughness can also be improved in transparent nanoceramics with similar mechanisms. \"We are expanding this concept now,” he says. The paper, published in Journal of the American Ceramic Society, is \"Al excess extends Hall-Petch relation in nanocrystalline zinc aluminate\" (DOI: 10.1111/ jace.18176). 100 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Credit: Sotelo Martin and Castro, Journal of the American Ceramic Society ceramics in manufacturing 3D fabrication of transparent optical ceramics by lithography-based digital projection In a recent paper, Alfred University graduate student Guangran Zhang and SUNY Empire Innovation Professor Yiquan Wu developed highly transparent yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al,O₁2) ceramics via a lithography-based digital projection method. Transparent optical ceramics are part of a special category of ceramics with unique transparent features, which lead to appli- SAL cations in scintillators, infrared domes, transparent windows, laser gain media, lamp envelope, phosphors, high-power LED light, optoelectronic devices, and many more. To date, the most widely used shaping methods for transparent ceramics fabrication are powder pressing and slurry casting methods. However, to meet the industry\'s growing demand for customized manufacturing, scientists and researchers seek to process transparent ceramics using additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, methods. Zhang and Wu used a CeraFab 8500 commercial 3D printer from Lithoz to perform the layer-by-layer printing process, after which they put the ceramics through pre-conditioning at 120°C, debinding at 500°C, pre-sintering at 1,000°C, and vacuum sintering at 1,750°C. Highly transparent yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramics with 3D structures, created via a lithography printing method. perature for YAO, (YAM) phase formation. The YAM serves as a “binder” to connect the Al2O3 and Y2O3 ceramic powder, which can prevent the bubbling and cracking during the final sintering process. The fully densified ceramics were highly transparent, without distortion of the original designed geometries. Ultimately, \"It is believed that additive manufacturing will enable massive fabrication of customized complex structure and scalable transparent ceramics depending on specific applications in the future,\" Zhang and Wu say. One of the challenges in the fabrication of transparent ceramics via additive manufacturing is the issue of bubbling and cracking during the debinding and sintering steps. To overcome this issue, Zhang and Wu introduced a multiple stepwise heating profile to reach the debinding temperature, followed by a single-step pre-sintering process at the appropriate temMelting the unmeltable-new method extends the range of meltable MOF materials The paper, published in Additive Manufacturing, is \"Three-dimensional printing of transparent ceramics by lithography-based digital projection” (DOI: 10.1016/j. addma.2021.102271). 100 Researchers from the University of Jena in Germany and the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom found a way to extend the range of meltable metalorganic framework (MOF) materials. MOFs are highly porous crystalline compounds composed of highly ordered 3D networks of metal ions and organic ligands. MOFs are of great interest to researchers due to the material\'s porosity, which allows diffusion of guest molecules into the bulk structure and thus makes MOFs ideal for storage, separation, and catalysis applications. To date, MOFs have not achieved commercial viability due to difficulties synthesizing these materials in bulk form. The relatively weak metal-ligand coordination bonds in MOFs make the materials chemically unstable, thus giving them low endurance in different types of chemical environments. a b The discovery a few years ago that forming MOFs in a glassy phase gives them enough stability for bulk production was a milestone, and there are now several studies on the properties of such glasses. Researchers have devoted particular interest to MOF glasses made from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). ZIF-based MOFs exhibit higher thermal and chemical stability than other MOF subsets. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org C Credit: Nozari et al., Nature Communications (CC BY 4.0) Examples of ionic liquid-incorporated ZIF-8 showing evidence of melting and glass formation after treatment in low temperature (a-c) and high temperature (d–f) conditions. Scale bars are 100 μm. Frustratingly, only a handful of ZIFS have led to melt-quenched glasses due to the limited meltability of many ZIFS, which results from the organic ligands decomposing before the metal-ligand coordination bonds can break and reform. If the material could be modified so that the melting temperature is reached before decomposition, it would enable access to a much more diverse array of MOF glasses. CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 15 Credit: Zhang and Wu ceramics in manufacturing Pultrusion The researchers of the recent openaccess paper explored the potential of ionic liquid to decrease the melting temperature. Ionic liquids are salts that exist as liquid at temperatures below 100°C. Researchers have conducted extensive experimental and computational investigations on ionic liquid-MOF composites because interaction between these materials can create new functional sites favorable for adsorption, catalysis, and ion conduction. In 2017, a paper by researchers in Turkey clarified another result of the ionic liquid-MOF interaction. Specifically, they showed that the ionic liquid weakened the bond between the organic ligands and metal ions, resulting in lower thermal stability—and thus making the composite easier to melt. For the recent study, the researchers loaded ZIF-8 with hydrophobic ionic liquid [EMIM][TFSI]. After confirming through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy that incorporating the ionic liquid did not damage the crystal structure or morphology of ZIF-8, they used thermogravimetric analyses coupled with differential scanning calorimetry to investigate what happened to the composite upon heating. They discovered that the ionic liquid began decomposing upon heating, and the partially decomposed ionic liquid fragments helped stabilize the rapidly decomposing ZIF-8 organic ligands. This stabilization kept the material from decomposing too soon and allowed the material to reach the decreased melting temperature and successfully undergo the process to become a glass. \"It offers exciting opportunities to melt other nonmeltable crystalline MOFs, potentially enabling a broad range of hybrid glasses with a variety of physicochemical properties and corresponding applications, in particular, ones which are derived from MOF architectures with large pore sizes,\" they conclude. The open-access paper, published in Nature Communications, is \"Ionic liquid facilitated melting of the metal-organic framework ZIF-8\" (DOI: 10.1038/ S41467-021-25970-0). 100 16 Fibre creel Forming and curing die Guide plate Cut-off saw Preformer Resin bath 888 Pulling mechanism Fibres are pulled from a set of fibre reels and through a resin bath. They then pass through a preformer, which aligns the fibres into the required cross-sectional shape. The forming and curing dies finalise the shape of the composite, remove any excess resin and cure the composite so that it can be cut into sections of the necessary length by the cut-off saw. This technique is suitable for high volume, continuous production, and is able to produce parts with high fibre density and good resin dispersion. The potential of pultrusion to produce shape memory polymer composites Researchers from the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology in Russia, plus a colleague from the University of Southern Queensland in Australia, explored the potential of pultrusion to produce shape memory polymer composites (SMPs). SMPs are polymeric smart materials that can recover their initial shape under the influence of external stimuli, such as temperature, light, moisture, acidity, or electricity. SMPs are quickly making their mark on the materials world with applications in aerospace, biomedicine, the automotive industry, 4D printing, temperature sensors, and electronic devices. A drawback of SMPs is their comparatively low tensile strength and stiffness, which can limit their application in demanding environments. Fortunately, researchers can improve the mechanical properties of SMPs by reinforcing the polymer matrix with various fibers, such as carbon, basalt, or glass. Researchers have described several methods for producing SMP composites in the literature, yet surprisingly, the highly automated and continuous pultrusion process is not one of them. In pultrusion, reinforcement fibers are impregnated with resin and then fed into a heated die where the resin is polymerized, after which the cured composite is cut to the required lengths. Not only does pultrusion offer several benefits over traditional manufacturing processes-such as high CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Credit: CORE-Materials, Flickr (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) production speed, low waste, and virtually indefinite length of the produced profilesthe final composites have a high volume fraction of reinforcement, thus ensuring excellent mechanical properties. Based on these benefits, \"it is believed that pultrusion can be successfully used to produce new types of shape memory structural components with unique combinations of geometries and mechanical properties,\" the researchers write in the recent paper. They evaluated the shape memory performance of pultruded glass fiber reinforced epoxy-based composites via a series of bending tests on flat, rectangular specimens with either 0° or 90° fiber orientation. Test results showed that the shape programming angle had no effect on the shape fixity and shape recovery ratios. In addition, the researchers established a linear relationship between the shape fixing angle and shape programming angle, allowing them to obtain the desired shape after programming. \"Considering these results, pultruded [SMP composites] show significant promise for structural applications based on shape memory composites,\" they conclude. The paper, published in Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, is \"Shape memory behavior of unidirectional pultruded laminate” (DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa. 2021.106609) 100 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 O bulletin cover story GAME-CHANGERS: How ceramic and glass materials enhance performance and provide safety to sports By April Gocha and Lisa McDonald American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Credit: Andy Miah, Flickr (CC BY-NC 2.0) Sports are integral to society-not only do they provide entertainment, physical activity, and leisure, but sports are deep parts of identities, cultures, and economies worldwide. The $1.1 trillion sports market includes ripe potential for ceramic and glass materials in both established products and innovative new technologies. t the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics, athletes set 20 new world records. Yet human bodies today are not much different than they were decades ago-so how do athletes keep pushing the limits of what is physically possible? U.S. professional tennis player Serena Williams plays in the first round of Women\'s Singles at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Williams used a Wilson Blade 104 racket, which features a braided graphite and basalt frame to improve the flex of the racket. www.ceramics.org 17 Game-changers: How ceramic and glass materials enhance ... Part of the continual improvement of athletic performance can be attributed to our enhanced understanding of human physiology, which allows for more strategic training plans and coaching, improved nutrition to fuel athletes\' bodies, and better recovery to prevent injury. Yet physiology by itself does not tell the full story. Sydney McLaughlin\'s sprint at Tokyo 2020, which set a new world record in the women\'s 400-meter hurdles at a blistering 51.46 seconds, nearly one-half second faster than the previous world record, cannot be attributed solely to tailored training and recovery plans and proper nutrition. McLaughlin and countless other track and field athletes who competed in Tokyo can probably attribute some of their swift success to the $1.5 million rubber track that they competed on. The track, developed by Italian company Mondo, consists of an upper layer of rubber granules engineered to provide bounce and a lower layer filled with air cavities to absorb shock, a two-part strategy that offers athletes better return of their energy. Mondo estimates that returning the energy rather than allowing it to dissipate provides athletes with as much as a 2% competitive advantage, a difference in performance that can mean setting a new world record.² So, the question of how athletes keep pushing the limits is answered partly by technology. Advances in the materials for equipment, apparel, surfaces, and more within the sports industry have enabled bounds in performance and continue to push the limits of what the human body is athletically capable of achieving. We laud the athletes for their feats of incredible athletic performanceyet materials also play a pivotal role in enhancing and extending human performance in sports. A big market means big potential for materials-ceramics and glass in sports The global sports market is estimated to be worth $1.1 trillion, according to a recent report by Signa Sports United and Boston Consulting Group.3 While that figure also includes sporting events and other sports-associated value, sports retail 18 including equipment and apparel holds a significant share. \"Sports retail is the largest part of the sports market, accounting for $475 billion of spending and anticipated to grow 7% annually to reach $670 Weights Weightlifters as Gloves billion in 2025-at 1.4x the rate of GDP growth,\" the report indicates. In other words, sports is a big, growing market with big potential for materials (Table 1). Athletic apparel may incorporate ceramic particles on the surface for protection from wear and abrasion. Ceramic particles or carbon-based materials including graphene may also be incorporated into fabrics to provide thermal management, sensing, or other power-enabled functions. Reflective apparel incorporates small glass beads to make athletes visible in low-light conditions. well as rock climbers dust their hands with magnesium carbonate chalk to provide grip. Flexible barbells are made of fiberglass composites, and other equipment designed to help athletes train may contain carbon fiber or fiberglass composites. Football helmet Protective equipment such as helmets and facemasks may contain fiberglass, although carbon fiber composites are being incorporated into these products as well. Soccer ball Various sensors and wearables used to track athletes\' physical, physiological, and biochemical parameters contain ceramic and glass components. Football Basketbal The backboard basketball hoop for professiona competition pla tempered glass Racket Racket frames for tenn other racket sports-as the rods, poles, sticks, boards, and other form equipment used for disports often contain or carbon fiber compo Goals, goalposts, and other field-based equipment may be fiberglass, especially those designed to be lightweight and portable. Figure 1. A look at the many uses of ceramic and glass materials in sports. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 I of OS I and ay is So how do ceramic and glass materials contribute to the world of sports? While metals and polymers might be more immediately recognized in some applications, ceramics and glass are found Shoes Carbon fiber inserts, plates, and other forms can be found in various footwear to protect athletes\' feet and joints or to boost performance by improving energy return. is and 5 well as clubs, ns of verse other fiberglass sites. Baseball bat throughout sports as well, where the materials\' desirable mechanical, electrical, and optical properties are often leveraged in combination with other materials. Though this article cannot cover Cycling helmet Various components of bicycles and bicycling equipment such as helmets are composed of carbon fiber and its composites. Components of wheel and brake systems for wheeled equipment such as skateboards and racing wheelchairs may be ceramic. Ceramic lubricant is used on bicycle chains. DA While professional baseball bats are wooden, bats for nonprofessional play can contain carbon fiber composites. Boxing gloves Cleats Spike tips on cleats can be ceramic. In addition, some sports surfaces can be concrete, covered in fiberglass, or incorporate mineralbased components. Grass Track and field events often involved fiberglass equipment, including pole vaulting poles (which also may be carbon fiber composite) and hurdles. every use of ceramic and glass materials in every sport around the world, we hope to show just how integral and valuable ceramic and glass materials are throughout sports (Figure 1). Early iterations of most sports equipment relied on natural materials such as wood, cotton, rubber, and leather. Indeed, many sports still do-professional baseballs consist of a cork or rubber core wound with yarn (mostly wool, although the outermost layer is now a cotton-polyester blend) and encased in leather, a composition largely unchanged over decades of play.4 But countless other types of equipment evolved sometimes drastically over the years, often leaving behind natural materials in favor of the enhanced performance offered by engineered materials. Table 2 presents a small sampling of engineered materials in sports to demonstrate the enormous breadth of applications. Many uses of ceramics and glass in sports are realized by composite materials, which dominate in modern sports equipment. Due to their low weight and high strength, composites have infiltrated nearly every part of the sports industry, finding applications in bicycles, rackets, golf clubs, hockey sticks, fishing rods, surfboards, skis, snowboards, boats, kayaks, canoes, race cars, bobsleds, skateboards, archery bows and arrows, gymnastics bars, and even some unusual sports (see sidebar: Obscure sports). Many of the composite materials used consist of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers of ceramic or glass materials. Glass or carbon fiber-reinforced compos ites are most common in sports equipment, although fibers made of silicon carbide or other materials can be found as well. Sometimes, both carbon fiber and fiberglass are incorporated together. Generally, however, such equipment can be found with different varieties of fiberreinforced composites depending on the level of competition and price range of the equipment, among other sport, region, and/or athlete preferences. The total global market for carbon fiber reached $4.3 billion in 2019 and is projected to be valued at $5.5 billion in 2025. Of that entire market, sporting American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 19 Game-changers: How ceramic and glass materials enhance ... Table 1. Select companies involved in the sports industry* Company (location) Annual revenue (millions)* Website Role in value chain Supply carbon fibers or carbon fiber composites Hexcel (Stamford, Conn.) $1,502 www.hexcel.com SGL Carbon (Wiesbaden, Germany) $1,061 www.sglcarbon.com Teijin Carbon (Tokyo, Japan) www.teijincarbon.com Parent company: Teijin $7,513 Solvay (Woodland Park, N.J.) $10,269 www.solvay.com Manufactures advanced composites, particularly carbon fiber, for diverse markets including recreation and marine. Manufactures carbon and graphite materials, including fibers and composites, for diverse markets including automotive. Manufactures carbon fiber composites for diverse markets including automotive and sporting goods. Manufactures various materials and chemicals, including composites, across diverse markets including sports and automotive. Manufactures composite golf club shafts. Mitsubishi Chemical (Tokyo, Japan) www.mca-golf.com Parent company: Mitsibishi Chemical $29,259 Holdings Toray Industries (Tokyo, Japan) $19,892 www.toray.com Supply glass fibers or glass fiber composites Owens Corning (Toledo, Ohio) $7,055 www.owenscorning.com Manufactures various chemicals and materials, including carbon fiber composites, for diverse markets including sports and automotive. China Jushi Co. Ltd. (Tongxiang, China) $1,770* www.jushi.com Saint-Gobain Vetrotex (Courbevoie, France) www.vetrotextextiles.com Parent company: Saint-Gobain $44,025 Nippon Electric Glass (Otsu, Japan) $2,180 www.neg.co.jp/en AGY (Aiken, S.C.) $221* www.agy.com Johns Manville (Denver, Colo.) $2,000* www.jm.com Manufactures insulation, roofing, and fiberglass composite materials for building and industrial applications, including boating and consumer goods. Manufactures fiberglass for diverse product markets including sports and recreation, automotive, marine, electronics. Manufactures fiberglass for diverse markets including marine, automotive, electronics, and sports. Manufactures glass products, including fiberglass, for diverse markets including automotive. Manufactures fiberglass for diverse markets including sports, automotive, and marine. Manufactures insulation, roofing, and engineered products including fiberglass and composites for diverse markets including automotive and marine. Most valuable sports brands worldwidet Nike (Beaverton, Ore.) $36,800 www.nike.com ESPN (Bristol, Conn.) $13,100 www.espn.com Adidas (Herzogenaurach, Germany) $11,200 www.adidas.com Designs, develops, manufactures, and markets sports apparel, footwear, equipment, accessories, and services. Sports media conglomerate that includes cable channels, broadcasting, and radio. Designs, manufactures, and markets sports apparel, footwear, and accessories. Gatorade (Chicago, III.) $6,700 Sky Sports (London, U.K.) $4,400 Puma (Herzogenaurach, Germany) $4,000 Under Armour (Baltimore, Md.) $3,500 Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) $2,400 (Las Vegas, Nev.) Yankee Entertainment and Sports (YES) $1,500 Network (Stamford, Conn.) Reebok (Boston, Mass.) $800 *Conversions per Google as of October 6, 2021. All financial data obtained from company reports unless otherwise noted. #Private company or data not available; revenue estimated from dnb.com or google.com. +Statista data from 2019 (https://www.statista.com/statistics/253349/brand-value-of-sports-businesses-worldwide). Group of British subscription sports channels. Designs, manufactures, and markets athletic apparel, footwear, and accessories. Designs, manufactures, and markets sports apparel and footwear. Mixed martial arts promotion company. Regional sports television network primarily serving the northeast U.S. Designs, manufactures, and markets athletic apparel and footwear. www.gatorade.com www.skysports.com Brand of sports-themed beverage and food products. www.puma.com www.underarmour.com www.ufc.com www.yesnetwork.com www.reebok.com 20 20 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 goods accounted for 15.7% of the carbon fiber market in 2019, representing nearly 16 tons of the material\'s annual use (Figure 2).5 Carbon fiber composites are 40% lighter than aluminum, and thus offer significant weight savings in addition to high strength and stiffness and resistance to chemicals, corrosion, and fatigue. Golf clubs account for the largest segment of sports uses of carbon fiber. Similar to most other types of modern sports equipment, golf clubs are multimaterial-various parts of the same piece of equipment may contain several materials, and different makes and models of the equipment may incorporate a range of materials as well. For example, the shafts of golf clubs are often made of carbon or boron fiberreinforced composites but also may be steel, aluminum, or \"titanium carbon\" (a titanium alloy and carbon composite). Club heads for drivers are usually made of carbon-based composites, metals, or woods (sometimes filled with polymer foam), while heads of irons, wedges, and putters are generally composed of metals such as steel, titanium, or tungsten. Face inserts on golf club heads (a separate piece of material positioned where the club comes into contact with the ball) may be zirconia ceramic or titanium metal matrix ceramic composite. For decades, Formula One vehicles have incorporated a substantial amount of carbon fiber to reduce weight, thanks to the sport\'s willingness to invest in composites despite its early expensive price. Modern F1 vehicles are composed of 80% by volume composite materials, most of which are carbon fiber. As the price of carbon fiber decreases, motorsports in general continue to incorporate more carbon fiber composites to increase efficiency, in addition to the material\'s ability to enhance safety and handling through its high strength and stiffness. Another place carbon fiber can be found, perhaps surprisingly, is on athletes\' feet. (Table 2). A company called Carbitex (Kennewick, Wash.) developed an asymmetrically flexible carbon fiber/ thermoplastic composite material that is flexible in one direction yet rigid in another, mimicking and protecting the Tons 25,000 15,000 823.6 900 781.2 741.5 800 705.8 20,000 642.1 656.4 676.2 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2024 2025 10,000 5,000 0 2019 2020 2021 2022 Volume (Tons) 2023 Revenue (USD Million) $ Millions Figure 2. Global market for carbon fiber used in sports equipment, 2019-2025. The market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 5.7% during this time. OBSCURE SPORTS Around the world, athletes engage in more than 200 sports recognized by national or international federations, a yet estimates suggest there are actually more than 8,000 indigenous sports or sporting games around the world. No matter how you tally the count or what you consider a \"sport,\" it is clear that humans find a lot of ways to play and compete. While some of the more popular sports worldwide include soccer, football, baseball, auto racing, basketball, hockey, tennis, and golf, there are diverse ways that athletes engage. The following is a sample of some more obscure sports with which you may not be familiar.c-e • Lawnmower racing-Competitors race modified lawnmowers around a track. • Underwater hockey-also called octopush, players wear snorkels and play a form of hockey on the floor of a pool. • Bossaball-Somewhat akin to volleyball, except that the game is played on a giant inflatable and involves a player on a trampoline designated as the \"attacker.\" • Zorbing-Racing downhill in large inflatable plastic balls, akin to a hamster ball. • Cheese rolling-Racing down a hill on foot to try to catch a rolling ball of cheese, which can reach speeds of about 70 mph. • Bog snorkeling-Racing through a 55-meter peat bog using a snorkel and flippers. • Chess boxing-A hybrid of chess and boxing, with players alternating between the two. • Kabaddi-A combination of wrestling, tag, and holding players\' breath, originating from South Asia. • Cycleball—A combination of bicycling, soccer, hockey, and basketball, in which players hit a ball using their bicycle wheels. • Extreme ironing-Ironing clothes in extreme places such as while skydiving, on a glacier, or on the roof of a speeding car. • Face slapping-Competitors take turns slapping one another until someone taps out or is knocked out. 100 aTopend Sports, \"Complete list of sports from around the world,\" https://www.topendsports.com/sport/list/ index.htm b\"How many sports are there in the world?\" In World Encyclopedia of Sports (ISBN: 9780760316825). Archived copy available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20100723160638/http://www.sportencyclopedia.com/index. php?mod=book \"K. Baumer, \"The 18 strangest \'sports\' in the world,” March 3, 2011, Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/obscure-weird-sports-2010-11 dE. Ortiz, \"Strangest sports in the world,\" June 4, 2021, Stadium Talk. https://www.stadiumtalk.com/s/worldsstrangest-sports-a8bef81c8b8941b3 *D. Gachman, \"Meet the fearless women of the Lone Star Mower Racing Association,\" September 22, 2021, Texas Monthly. https://www.texasmonthly.com/arts-entertainment/meet-fearless-women-texas-lone-starmower-racing-association American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 21 Credit: BCC Research Game-changers: How ceramic and glass materials enhance ... motion of human joints. In another footwear application, Nike\'s Vaporfly 4% running shoes incorporate a curved carbon fiber plate in the shoe\'s midsole designed to maximize energy return in a runner\'s foot. That energy return amounts to an average 4% improvement in the energy a runner needs to exert to run a certain pace, called running economy.⁹ Carbon fiber, too, is finding its way into protective equipment applications. For example, professional baseball uses aerospace-grade carbon fiber composite helmets that are 300% stiffer and 130 times stronger than previous ABS plastic helmets. While those previous helmets could protect players from ball strikes up to 68 mph, the new helmets provide protection up to 100 mph.10 As carbon fiber\'s price continues to decrease, the material is expected to find more applications in protective sports equipment. Besides carbon fiber, Table 2 points to other carbon-based materials that find use in sports equipment for their high strength and low weight, including Table 2. Sampling of ceramic and glass materials used in sports equipment Carbon fiber composites Bicycles Implements Skeleton sleds Racing sailboats Formula One cars Footwear Protective equipment Frames, forks, saddles, handlebars, wheels Tennis rackets, hockey sticks, pole vaulting poles, ski poles, golf clubs, fishing rods Base plates Up to 2,000 lbs in a 50-foot racer 80% composite by volume (mostly carbon) Body components: spoilers, fenders, engine hoods, doors, roof Structural components: rear seats, roof frames, struts, door sills, pillar reinforcements System components: powertrain, motor block, brake system Snowboarding, cycling, watersports, running shoes, hiking boots Helmets, goalie and catcher masks Carbon nanotube, nanoparticles, fullerenes Sliding sports Fiberglass composites Protective equipment Implements Winter sports Ski wax, kayak coatings, ice skate blade coatings Helmets, goalie and catcher masks Tennis rackets, hockey sticks, pole vaulting poles Skis, snowboards, bobsleds, luge sleds Surfboards, paddleboards, canoes, kayaks Hurdles, goals and goalposts Water sports Field sports Bulk glass Backboards Tempered glass basketball backboards Safety barriers Safety apparel Electronic materials Hockey rinks, racquetball and squash courts, underwater aquatic viewing windows Reflective glass apparel Sensors, Formula E electric vehicle racing batteries Auto racing Wearable devices Sensors, batteries Lighting 22 Ceramics Wheeled equipment (Bicycles, skateboards, wheelchairs) LED venue and athlete safety lighting Ceramic bearings, brackets, brakes, boron nitride lubricants Cleat tips Inrun ski jump tracks Shoes Skiing Playing venues Concrete courts, ceramic tile swimming pools, tiled aquatic arenas carbon nanotubes, carbon nanoparticles, and fullerenes, especially for applications to increase gliding, resist abrasion, and repel moisture. Glass fiber-reinforced composites are another predominant composite in sports equipment. They similarly offer high strength and low weight yet at a lower cost than carbon fiber composites. Fiberglass composites can be found in many of the same sports equipment as carbon fiber composites, but they are often used in lower-cost versions, such as equipment marketed to amateurs and beginners. Composites reinforced with glass fibers are preferable to carbon fibers in some applications that do not require high stiffness Protective sports equipment is an important use of fiberglass composites. The U.S. market for protective sports equipment reached $1.9 billion in 2016 and is expected to reach a value of $2.2 billion by 2022.10 While the market is dominated by polymers due to their light weight and impact resistance, fiberglass can be found in the outer shells of many helmets and goalie/catcher masks. In addition to composites, other form factors of glass are sprinkled throughout sports for basketball backboards, safety barriers, reflective clothing, and more (Table 2). Motorsports vehicles incorporate many sensors, electronics, and other components that use ceramic and glass materials. The rising popularity of racing series for electric vehicles, such as Formula E, offer additional opportunities for ceramic and glass materials in the vehicles\' batteries as well. Increasingly, athletes use wearable devices and electronics to track, time, and monitor athletic performance. These devices rely on ceramic and glass materials in diverse ways for the sensors, electronic components, and batteries. Further, ceramic components are found in LED lights that enable viewing of sports events and provide visibility and safety to athletes in the dark. Other applications of ceramics include equipment that requires wear and corrosion resistance, which is especially useful for various wheel-based components that provide athletes with www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 SPORTS EQUIPMENT AT THE PARALYMPICS While many eyes tuned in for the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics that took place in July 2021, another major international sports competition took place at the end of August—the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games. The Paralympics are a series of international contests for athletes with disabilities that are associated with and held following the summer and winter Olympic Games. Developing from a 1948 sports competition for British World War II veterans with spinal cord injuries, the Paralympics has grown to welcome more than 4,500 athletes in 2021 to compete in 539 events across 22 sports. Below is a look at some of the equipment used in the Paralympics that contain ceramic and glass materials. Running blades Running blades are prosthetic lower limbs used by amputee runners. American medical engineer Van Phillips developed the first running blade, called the \"Flex-Foot,\" in the 1970s after losing part of his left leg in a motorboat accident. Unlike previous prosthetics that tried to mimic human bones, he focused on replicating ligaments and tendons. He observed animals like kangaroos and cheetahs as well as the mechanics of diving boards and pole vaulting to develop the blade design.a Carbon fiber is the material of choice for running blades, from the very first Flex-Foot to today. Between 30-90 sheets of carbon fiber are fused together to form the blade. Running spikes are typically fitted to the blade to help with gripping to the track. Engineers continue to explore improvements in running blade design. For example, in 2013, Paralympian runner Blake Leeper challenged attendees at the Industrial Designers Society of America to advance the technology of running blades. Two companies, Altair (known for product design and development) and Eastman (a chemicals and plastics manufacturing supplier) consulted with Leeper and together developed a new \"F1\" concept for running blades that differs from traditional blades in the following ways.b • The spike plate. Running blades are normally flat planes, but the F1 concept features a curvature that acts like an ankle, providing increased speed and efficiency on corners. • Blade shape. The F1 concept modifies the blade shape to direct more power forward instead of into the ground, improving aerodynamics. • Blade attachment. To keep the blade from falling off, the F1 concept uses both a fabric shroud and latch to lock the socket into place. Icelandic prosthetics firm Össur hf. is a main player in the running blade industry. They acquired the original Flex-Foot line of blades from Phillips in 2000, but what they are most wellknown for is the Cheetah line of blades, which features blades not only designed for short- and long-distance running but also for long jumps.d Sports wheelchairs Just like prosthetic limbs, sports wheelchairs must become one with the athlete\'s body, otherwise performance is negatively affected. Some considerations when designing sports wheelchairs includee • The seating system. A snug and well-fitted seat ensures the shoulder joints are in a neutral safe position. • The seat dump, i.e., the angle of the seat with respect to horizontal. A larger seat dump increases pelvic stability by holding the pelvis against the backrest and improves balance CANADA 12 15 by reducing the angle between the thighs and the trunk. • The backrest. Backrest height should be set as low as possible to provide support to the lower back and allow the upper torso to move freely. Wheelchairs for different sports require different designs. For example, fencing wheelchairs are equipped with leg straps and sturdy handles to help the athlete stay solidly seated while striking and dodging. Racing wheelchairs are designed for high speeds, so they often feature a third wheel in the front to enable a low, elongated shape, and smooth disks instead of spoked wheels to generate less air turbulence. For sports requiring maneuverability, such as basketball, the wheels are slanted to allow for faster and tighter turns. Ceramic materials used in wheelchairs include • Carbon fiber. Modern advancements have increased the use of carbon fiber in sports wheelchairs. For example, carbon fiber wheels and frames are used in racing chairs such as the Top End Eliminator NRG,9 and custom molded carbon fiber seats are found in basketball chairs such as the RGK Elite CX.h • Ceramic bearings. Well-made ceramic bearings roll faster thanequivalent steel bearings, thereby allowing an athlete to save their energy and achieve faster cruising speeds. AITA Ceramic-Australia International Ceramic, a Melbourne-based bearing business, worked with Australian Paralympic athlete Sam McIntosh to develop hybrid ceramic bearings specifically for wheelchair sports.\' Draft Wheelchairs Ltd., a Godmanchester, U.K.-based company that provides equipment to people with disabilities, endorsed the ceramic bearings produced by CeramicSpeed, a small specialist Danish manufacturing company, for use in racing wheelchairs. 100 OMEG KUZYUKOV RUS 4 AUSTRAL 15 RUS OCC Wheelchairs feature different designs depending on the sport for which it will be used. Left, the gold medal game in men\'s wheelchair basketball at the Beijing 2008 Summer Paralympics. Right, wheelchair fencing at the London 2012 Summer Paralympics. \"Running blades and their evolution,\" National Paralympic Heritage Trust, n.d. https://www.paralympicheritage.org.uk/running-blades-and-their-evolution bA. Schwartz, \"These reinvented running blades could let more Paralympians into the Olympics,\" Fast Company, 14 Aug. 2014. https://www.fastcompany.com/3034308/these-reinvented-running-blades-could-let-more-paralympians-into-the-olympics C\"50 years of memorable moments, 1971-2021,\" Össur, n.d. https://www.ossur.com/global/about-ossur/our-company/milestones d\" All products,\" Össur, https://www.ossur.com/en-us/prosthetics/products \"Wheelchair sports technology and biomechanics,\" Musculoskeletal Key, n.d. https://musculoskeletalkey.com/wheelchair-sports-technology-and-biomechanics \'S. Bushwick, \"How Paralympic wheelchairs and prostheses are optimized for speed and performance,\" Scientific American, 31 Aug. 2021. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-paralympic-wheelchairs-and-prosthesesare-optimized-for-speed-and-performance ⁹Top End Eliminator NRG, https://topendwheelchair.invacare.com/eliminatorNRG \"RGK Elite CX, https://rgkwheelchairs.com/wheelchairs/sport-wheelchairs/elite-cx.html \"Wheelchair bearing,\" AITA Ceramic-Australia International Ceramic. https://aitaceramic.com/wheelchair-bearing \"Ceramic bearings for racing wheelchairs and handcycles?\" Draft Wheelchairs, http://www.draftwheelchairs.com/ceramic-bearings-racing-wheelchairs-handcycles American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 23 Credits: Left, Canadian Paralympic Committee, Flickr (C Right, Farrukh, Flickr (CC BY-NC 2.0) Game-changers: How ceramic and glass materials enhance . . . motion (summarized in Table 2 and the sidebar: Paralympics). Other examples of ceramics are found sporadically throughout sports. For instance, clay pigeons or clay traps, while not made of clay, are manufactured from petroleum pitch and calcium carbonate, and the inner weighted core of bowling balls contains a mixture of minerals embedded in a polymer resin. Readers will know of many similar applications. In addition to sports equipment, ceramic and glass materials can be found in sports apparel (see sidebar: A softer side) as well as some athletic surfaces.¹¹ Game-changer: Materials innovations shift sports Materials often enable technologies for athletic performance-so it is no surprise that as the materials used in sports evolve, so too does athletic competition. \"If you would have watched tennis 20 years ago on the professional level, you would have seen a much slower paced game,\" says Jeff Bardsley, vice president of marketing for racket sports in North America at Head, a global manufacturer and provider of various sports equipment and apparel. \"The ball would have been moving a lot slower, and therefore demands on the actual player wouldn\'t be as high as they are today. Today\'s game is very, very fast.\" That evolution can be traced back to the equipment. By reducing the weight of tennis racket frames while simultaneously increasing their stiffness, modern composite tennis rackets can be swung faster and generate more power than early wooden tennis rackets. Modern composite rackets are 22.4% lighter on average that wooden versions, 12 resulting in 17.5% faster serve speeds overall since the game\'s inception in the 1870s.13 \"Rackets now offer more power, more spin, and that\'s been changing the game up just in terms of how the game is played,\" Bardsley says. Modern tennis racket frames are made of various lightweight materials, depending on the level of competition and the price point. For instance, Head manufactures lower-price rackets intended for beginners made from aluminum nylon frames. The company 24 also manufactures mid-level rackets from graphite composites, a combination of aluminum and graphite fiberglass or graphite composite. For its higher-level rackets, Head uses graphite, which is more expensive due to higher material cost and its more complex construction. There are variations of these types of materials in each category, but most of Head\'s tennis rackets consist of carbon-based and fiberglass materials. Despite this slight variability in materials, tennis rackets have not changed much in the past several decades, partially based on parameters set by the ruling body, the International Tennis Federation, that restrict variability in tennis rackets. “Looking at a tennis racket, there\'s really only so much that you can do because it has to have a head, it has to have some form of throat, and it has to have a handle,\" Bardsley says. Manufacturers can adjust some external parameters of a tennis racket frame, such as the racket length and head size, but they are relatively limited in terms of completely redesigning a racket that can be used in competition play. That does not mean all tennis rackets are the same, however—and some of these small changes can have a significant impact on the resulting equipment. For instance, adjusting how a tennis racket is balanced from the head to the handle impacts performance. Perhaps even more adjustments can come from internal changes to the racket frame. Part of these adjustments come from changing the materials, but also changing the orientation of the materials\' fibers in one part of the frame or another, Bardsley says. \"We can also change by placing materials at different areas on the actual head of the racket to determine how the racket is going to play. The size of the sweet spot is going to be determined by the placement of the materials, the layup on the materials. By taking a similar tennis racket construction and changing the layup, changing the actual balance point of the racket, changing minor configurations, you can take two different rackets that look exactly the same and they will play completely different,” he says. Overall, though, these variations result in relatively minor tweaks to tennis rackets. Manufacturers generally are not drastically altering the design or researching entirely new materials to incorporate into the frame. They are altering the fiber orientation, slightly adjusting the frame dimensions, or testing the effect of adjusting a material in certain areas of the racket, for example. Yet that is not to say that Head does not innovate with new materials in tennis rackets. In the early 2000s, Head introduced a new line of tennis rackets, the Intelligence collection, that incorporated piezoelectric fibers in the frame. \"Our concept with the piezoelectric fibers was transforming mechanical energy into electrical energy, causing a faster snap back, giving us an opportunity to stiffen up the throat section of the racket,\" Bardsley says. Those lead zirconate titanate fibers, supplied by Advanced Cerametrics Inc. (Lambertville, N.J.), generated an electrical current when the racket deformed upon contacting a tennis ball. 14 A chip located in the racket\'s handle amplified the signal, stiffening the frame to generate more power and reduce vibrations. The Intelligence rackets, despite an expensive price of about $400 almost 20 years ago, sold much better than Head anticipated. Yet Head discontinued the high-end line after being on the market for less than a decade. \"We didn\'t necessarily abandon it. It was more just moving on in terms of technology goes,\" Bardsley says. Today, Head\'s primary focus for new technology in its tennis rackets is on graphene. The 2D carbon material provides the ability to further decrease the weight of a racket by using less material, without sacrificing stiffness or strength. While Head initially used graphene in only key limited areas of the racketfocusing on the throat section, which is a high point of distortion on the racket-it is now incorporating graphene all along the racket head and throat with its Graphene 360+ technology. \"So that gives us the opportunity to really play different, and it gives a consistent and solid feel for the racket where we\'ve got a consistent flexpoint, which allows more of a consistent hit or performance when the ball actually is coming off the racket,\" Bardsley says. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 A SOFTER SIDE: CERAMIC AND GLASS MATERIALS OFFER FUNCTIONALITY TO SPORTS FABRICS Athletic apparel is a significant segment of the sports industry. In 2020, total global revenue for sports apparel exceeded $188 billion, with expectations of reaching nearly $208 billion by 2025.a While synthetic fabrics that provide stretch, breathability, odor control, and moisture-wicking capabilities dominate sports apparel, this segment of the sports market is not entirely devoid of ceramic and glass materials. Apparel designed to make athletes visible in low-light conditions, such as runners jogging at night, use retroreflectivity to maximize the light reflected light back to its source, such as a vehicle\'s headlights. This reflection is via microscopic yet precise glass beads, which reflect light directly back rather than scattering it. Often applied as a film on top of another fabric, retroreflective materials are found on a wide variety of shoes, jackets, apparel, and accessories. In 2017, 3M released a new retroreflective material, Carbon Black, that appears black in daylight, as opposed to the silver color of most retroreflective materials. The company achieved the black color through a proprietary process that \"makes the color inherent to the material\'s construction,\" according to a 3M press release.b In addition to visibility, ceramic materials can be found on sports apparel fabrics designed to provide abrasion and wear resistance. For example, Swiss company Schoeller manufactures a durable and abrasion-resistant textile with a ceramic coating for applications such as cycling. \"The ceramic finishes fit together with the selected raw materials and the textile design to offer not only abrasion resistant materials with ceramic coatings, but also fall protective materials in the motorcycle or bike category,\" the company says. One version of the ceramic-coated fabric, called ceraspace, is Schoeller\'s \"particularly high-performance” fabric for applications that require maximum protection such as motorcycling. The company puts its materials through rigorous performance tests, including standardized tear and tensile strength, abrasion, elongation, pilling, weight, deformation, and weather tests, in addition to the company\'s own unique testing methods. According to its testing, Schoeller says ceraspace provides around threetimes the abrasion resistance of high-quality leather.c While the composition of the ceramic is proprietary, Schoeller says the coating can be applied as either a finishing or printing process, with the ceramic applied in various designs such as small dots. The durable coatings stay on the fabric even after washing. As the company says, \"they are developed to last the lifetime of the garment.\" 100 3M\'s Carbon Black technology appears black in daylight yet contains small glass beads that are highly retroreflective. Most retroreflective materials appear as a silver color. Schoeller\'s ceramic coating technology provides abrasion resistance to fabrics. aStatista, 2021. https://www.statista.com/statistics/254489/total-revenue-of-the-global-sports-apparel-market b3M, \"3M reinvents reflective material for activewear with Carbon Black technology,\" 2017. https://news.3m.com/2017-05-02-3M-Reinvents-Reflective-Material-forActivewear-with-Carbon-Black-Technology Schoeller. https://www.schoeller-textiles.com/en/technologies/ceraspace Head\'s approach is reflective of that of other major companies manufacturing sports equipment in more mature product markets, in which they offer equipment manufactured with various materials for different levels of athletes. They innovate with materials and design to sell more pieces of equipment, often incrementally pushing those markets in one direction or another. But are there opportunities for bigger innovations in the sports world? A testbed for materials innovation \"Sports is actually a great market to test your materials. You can show off your material, you can market your material, you can test your material American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org in the very extreme conditions,\" says Erik Khranovskyy, CEO of Grafren AB (Linköping, Sweden). Grafren specializes in graphene-coated textiles, which provide the ability to incorporate sensing and power functions within clothing, including athletic apparel (Figure 3). Many sports markets are well-funded, willing to take chances to gain a com25 Game-changers: How ceramic and glass materials enhance ... petitive advantage, and offer a relatively lower-risk testing environment compared to medical or aeronautical markets, for example. In addition, while regulatory bodies set guidelines or standards for use of technology in sports competitions, those rulings often are reactions to new developments rather than in anticipation of potential innovations. For instance, Speedo\'s LZR Racer swimsuit, which debuted at the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics, featured a lining with thin yet stiff polyurethane panels that reduced skin friction drag by 24% compared to the company\'s previous racing suit fabric.15 The swimsuit improved swimmers\' performance and speed so much that 98% of swimming medals won at the 2008 Olympics were by swimmers wearing the LZR Racer. The suit was so fast that some claimed it amounted to \"technological doping,\" and by 2010 the LZR Racer and similar types of suits were banned by the international body that regulates competition in water sports. Yet unless regulations ban or exclude certain technologies-and there often is not a precedent to do so until that technology debuts on the market-the world of sports is usually wide open to innovation, creating a ripe environment for new materials. For example, Grafren\'s nano-engineering process wraps graphene flakes precisely around individual fibers of a textile, allowing control of the graphene layer\'s thickness. Because every fiber is coated with a thin layer of graphene, the overall weight and porosity of the textile changes very little, making it ideal for sports apparel that needs to be breathable. The first step of Grafren\'s three-step process is infiltrating graphene into the fiber. \"We learned how to put the flakes inside, in the depth of the fiber,” Khranovskyy says. “The second step in the process was how to fix the flakes on every single fiber, so that they lay down on the fiber.\" Grafren\'s technique causes the graphene flakes to wrap around the textile fiber, bonding individually to the fibers. \"It involves both physical forces, weak van der Waals forces, but also depending on the material, much stronger chemical bonds as well,\" Khranovskyy says. The final step builds up the depth of graphene flakes on the fibers. \"That\'s what I called graphene mâché, in analogy to papier mâché. Every flake coming in surrounds the fiber more and more, so you actually have a coreshell structure around the fiber.\" The graphene flakes overlap one another, creating a dense yet thin coating on individual fibers. Grafren\'s water-based process does not use any binders, resulting in Figure 3. Graphene-coated textile produced at lab scale by Grafren, which has now mastered industrial scale at 200 cm roll-to-roll. 26 homogeneous, precise, and durable graphene coating of individual textile fibers. And the process can be applied to natural fibers like cotton, synthetic fibers like polyamide, and even glass and carbon fibers. Further, Grafren\'s fiber-coating process can be applied to other 2D materials, Khranovskyy says, noting that Grafren already filed a patent related to this technology. \"Those ideas which researchers are discussing on flat surfaces, they can be realized inside of fabric on individual fibers as well,\" he says. Because of graphene\'s conductivity, Grafren\'s coated fabrics offer several functional capabilities. The fabrics can collect signals from the body to act as a biomonitor or biosensor; they provide thermal management, either removing or providing heat to an athlete depending on the surrounding conditions; they can function as a strain sensor if the graphene is coated onto a stretchable fabric (so that stretching changes conductivity); and they can function as pressure sensors or impact sensors by creating an electrically conductive channel from several fibers grouped together. \"Imagine shoes-the soles could measure pressure. The more points you have, you can actually measure pressure distribution\" Khranovskyy says. \"The shoe could also measure the force when you kick a ball. Or consider boxing gloves that could measure pressure. So any textile, any fabric, any clothing which is in contract may be active and may provide a signal about the force and the place where it was applied.\" In addition to performance, such sensors could play an important role in athlete safety as well. \"If we imagine any type of a sport activity where we have helmets, then the pressure sensors can be simply integrated in the lining,\" Khranovskyy says. Helmetaffixed sensors could provide valuable information for assessing player injuries, such as the strength of the hit, the area of the head where the impact was localized, and when the athlete gets up from the impact. Khranovskyy says that one of the biggest challenges Grafren faces is the vast possibilities for graphene-coated fiberswww.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 just deciding which direction to pursue can be difficult. \"From our experience, graphene provides several functions to textiles, which enable 10 times more directions of further product development, and the amount of products is even 10 times more.\" Grafren works with its customers to tailor its graphene-coated textiles to a particular application. \"For every product the value may be different. So in order to commercialize it, we have to really identify what is it exactly customers would like to enable,\" Khranovskyy says. A potential direction that Grafren currently is working on with one its customers is to develop heatable clothing. The company already developed a functioning prototype of its graphene-coated heated textile-although it looks nearly indistinguishable from a standard athletic textile, the fabric is coated with graphene and incorporates conductive threads running throughout the fibers that, with the press of a button on a connected energy source, gently warm the fabric. Such fabrics have applications for athletes in cold environments but also could provide warming at specific locations for therapeutic purposes, to enhance athletic recovery. Thermal management is a hot topic in sports apparel, with other similar types of developments using fabrics coated with carbon fibers or incorporating ceramic nanoparticles to warm or cool athletes depending on the surrounding environment. 16 Grafren\'s conductive textiles demonstrate just one possible application of graphene in sports, for which there is diverse potential due to the material\'s long list of desirable properties. The Graphene Flagship, a joint research venture funded by the European Commission, already helped develop several other sports-related applications of graphene, including an impact-resistant graphene-coated motorcycle helmet, 17 a transdermal patch to monitor fitness using graphene optical sensors, 18 and a graphene-based lubricant for auto and motorcycle engines. 19 Sensing the future: Optimizing performance and enhancing safety Sports equipment was once designed solely for mechanical performance, but advanced materials offer new design freedoms and thus new functionalities to change how sports are played, experienced, and enjoyed. your \"Now, within the past decade or so, we\'re starting to get multifunctionality, so the materials offer say thermal control or odor control, or they\'re able to sense things like the pH of sweat or your heartbeat. And that\'s an area really where ceramics and glasses can play an important role and already do in sports,\" says Jud Ready, principal research engineer at Georgia Tech Research Institute, deputy director of innovation initiatives at the Institute for Materials, and adjunct professor in the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology. Ready teaches a popular Georgia Tech course on materials science and engineering in sports. The power of sensors is that they provide physical data about how athletes play sports, to inform sports strategy and improve safety, as well as physiological data about how athletes\' bodies function during and after athletic exertion, to enhance performance. While vast sensors and sensing technologies are already widely incorporated into motorsportssuch as ceramic oxygen sensors in motor engines-technological developments have more recently enabled biosensors and biomonitors to track a vast array of individual parameters of athletes as they practice, compete, and recover. Devices that monitor physical performance and safety collect data on an athlete\'s position, motion, impact, and biomechanical forces. These devices include wearable devices to monitor head injuries in contact sports to prevent concussion or traumatic brain injury, such as helmets, headbands, caps, or neck-worn collars. For example, several companies developed mouthguards with embedded sensors to monitor head impacts. One such device contains embedded sensors that detect collision intensity, providing a visual readout with front-facing LED American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org lights that can alert trainers and coaches about dangerous impacts. Other developments include wearable sensors to monitor joint mechanics during play as a means to prevent injury. 20 Other sensing devices monitor athletes\' physiological status to optimize performance, collecting data on parameters such as heart rate and sleep. Optical sensors to monitor heart rate are relatively well-established technologies, with new trends toward development of skin-worn patches as well as integrated textiles that can measure heart rate. Yet while heart rate provides a global measure of physical activity and exertion, it cannot provide information on the response in specific muscles-data that is important for professional athletes seeking to optimize their performance. In response, an emerging trend is monitoring muscle oxygen saturation to inform how specific muscle groups respond to activity, using optical technologies to measure oxygenation of blood in muscles with near-infrared light. 20 While more widely available wearable sensors currently measure these physical and physiological parameters, there also exists vast potential to monitor biochemical parameters that affect athletes\' performance, and many sensors are being developed in this space as well. Such devices can sample sweat or saliva to measure biochemical signals such as electrolytes, enzymes, and neurochemicals, providing a means to noninvasively monitor health and performance in real time. These types of biosensors include mouthguards that detect chemicals in saliva that indicate muscle fatigue, contact lens sensors for ocular diagnostics, or skin-based sensors to monitor neurochemical markers of stress in sweat. Biochemical sports sensors also offer corollary functions within medical diagnostics, and some of these sensors are adapted from existing medical technologies. For example, healthcare company Abbott (Chicago, Ill.) developed a commercial wearable continuous glucose monitor for athletes. Applied to an athlete\'s arm, the small wearable device, called Libre Sense, uses a thin filament inserted just under the skin to measure glucose levels in the fluid surrounding cells. 27 Game-changers: How ceramic and glass materials enhance ... \"The biosensor is designed to provide a glucose monitoring experience that will enable athletes to understand the efficacy of their nutrition choices during training and competition,\" according to company\'s website.21 The device is similar to that used by diabetics, but it is tailored to athletes by providing more frequent minute-byminute glucose readings. “It will therefore inform athletes about how to fuel appropriately, to fill their glycogen stores prior to a race and to know when to replenish during a race to maintain athletic performance,\" the company\'s website explains. Conversely, technologies developed to monitor athletic parameters are often not confined to sports contexts, as these innovations can extend into markets and aspects of life beyond sports as well. For example, innovations in sensor technologies to track athletes often can be adapted to monitor or manage health aspects in a medical context, providing much wider value to these technologies. That is something Grafren CEO Erik Khranovskyy recognizes for its graphenecoated textile sensor technologies. \"So all the sensors which I described, they can bring a lot of value to one athlete and one nation once per four years,\" he says. \"On the other hand, they can bring a lot of value to millions of people on a longer-term perspective.\" Despite the technological capability to measure and collect such rich data, however, interpretation to the athlete often lags behind. For instance, in the case of Abbott\'s Libre Sense, blood sugar and performance have a complicated relationship-low blood sugar levels do not necessarily mean performance will suffer, and conversely elevated blood sugar levels will not ensure maximum athletic performance, especially in highfunctioning endurance athletes. These parameters are variable with time, exertion, and athlete, so interpretation of PLAYING THROUGH A GLOBAL PANDEMIC The global COVID-19 pandemic has affected businesses around the world, disrupting supply chains for seemingly everything and drastically impacting the workforce. Not surprisingly, the world of sports was not spared. Cancellation of major sports events in early 2020 were some of the earliest indications to many people of just how serious the pandemic was, as trends within sports often reflect larger trends in society. Gyms and fitness centers closed, entire sports seasons were missed, and perhaps most telling, the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games were postponed until 2021. While the cancellations, closures, and postponements had a negative economic impact on the sports industry, the pandemic\'s effects on sports were not all negative. \"If you would have asked me 18 months ago, pre-COVID, the tennis business was struggling,\" says Jeff Bardsley, Head\'s vice president of marketing for racquet sports for North America. \"Participation was down, people were playing other sports, people weren\'t engaged in sports, period. I think all sports for the most part were struggling.\" The pandemic shifted that dynamic for many sports as people worldwide increasingly turned to sports and outdoor activities for physical as well as mental health benefits. That statement is particularly true for sports that offer the ability to play while maintaining social distance-games like golf, tennis, and disc golf saw increased participation and market value as a result of the pandemic. In the U.S., golf experienced a 2% increase in the number of individuals playing at least one round of golf in 2020 compared to 2019, the largest increase in the game in nearly two decades. And this participation is not limited to only seasoned players pulling their clubs out of the closet, according to a CNBC report. a \"New participants are increasingly younger; they\'re hooked on the game and they want to get better,\' David Maher, CEO of golf conglomerate Acushnet Holdings, said on the company\'s second-quarter earnings call with analysts in August. \'A lot of the energy is coming from avid dedicated players who are simply playing more and consistently; more juniors, more women, more younger [players], and more families.\"\" the data is nuanced. More extensive datasets and further data analyses are needed to improve data interpretation to an athlete\'s performance.22 Despite the lag in data interpretation, the possibility to track and collect such rich data for athletic performance will continue to push development of all kinds of sensors across the sports industry in the future. These trends offer significant potential for the ceramic and glass components that enable these sensors, monitors, and electronic components with the lucrative sports industry. Similarly, many wearable devices and sensors require a power source, another area that offers significant potential for ceramic and glass materials in the future of the sports industry. The continued push for batteries with higher power density that offer longer life in smaller form, allowing smaller devices that can provide more functionality, provides opportunity for innovation with new For golf, that increased enthusiasm for the sport translated to manufacturers and retailers as well-Acushnet, the company that owns popular golf brands Titleist and FootJoy, reported 117.1% growth in net sales in the U.S. in the second quarter of 2021. Golf brand Callaway and sporting goods store Dick\'s also noted growth in golf sales.a Tennis also saw pandemic-fueled gains, with participation rising 22% in the U.S. in 2020 compared to 2019.b Bardsley says Head has had difficulty keeping up with the surge in demand. \"We have struggled over the last 18 months to try and keep product on shelves. We\'re the largest producer of tennis balls in the world, and we can\'t supply our retailers in the U.S., North America, globally with tennis balls.\" Bardsley is hopeful that the increased interest will not wane with the pandemic. \"From the trends that we\'ve seen so far in sporting goods sales, I definitely perceive that as an upward trend... In my 29 years in business, I\'ve never ever seen anything like this—so I\'m hopeful for the sport.\" 100 *CNBC, \"Golf\'s growth in popularity is much bigger than a pandemic story,\" September 26, 2021, CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/26/callaway-dicks-sportinggoods-score-with-growth-of-golf.html \'M. Futterman, B. Pennington, \"The pandemic drove people to tennis and golf. Will they keep playing?\" March 11, 2021, New York Times. https://www.nytimes. com/2021/03/11/sports/tennis/tennis-golf-participation-pandemic.html 28 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Credit: Jacob Gralton, Flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0) materials. For example, the Whoop fitness tracker is powered by a slim yet high-density battery that continuously monitors heart rate, sleep, recovery, and more. The battery gets a boost from technology by Sila, a company that developed a silicon powder that replaces conventional graphite anodes with higher-density silicon anodes, offering up to 20% higher energy density. 23 Other batteries technologies and developments are sure to find their way into wearable sports sensors as well. Yet another possibility could be ditching the power source altogether, and instead leaning on self-powered piezoelectric materials to provide power to wearables and sensors, as the ability to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy is well-suited for sports contexts. While the heyday for incorporating piezoelectric fibers into sports equipment-which included not only Head\'s Intelligence tennis rackets, but also various skis, snowboards, mountain bicycles, baseball bats, and golf clubs-seems to have passed (as this equipment often relied more heavily on marketing rather than enhanced performance to sell piezoelectrics\' possibilities 24), new future potential for the materials might be found in the ability to power sports sensors. Fans get in the game Beyond enhancing athletic performance and improving safety, sensors offer another function that is likely to be significant in the future of sports-the fan experience. \"You can use that same data that you\'re collecting to measure athletic performance, health, wellness and prevention, to create an immersive fans\' experience,\" says Leslie Saxon, professor of medicine and executive director of the University of Southern California\'s Center for Body Computing, in a BBC News article.25 \"What if I record my own heart rate while watching my favorite football player play, looked at my response and compare it to his response on the field?\" Digital technologies to enhance fan engagement experienced a significant boost since the start of the COVID-19 American professional golfer Bryson DeChambeau, above, uses graphite shafts made from carbon fiber in all his clubs. His choice contrasts with other professional golfers, who generally only use graphite shafts in their driver and other wood-type clubs. pandemic, as health and safety precautions shifted in-person experience of sports events to virtual platforms (see sidebar: Playing through a global pandemic). Continued investments in the infrastructure to support streaming platforms, digital content, and even augmented and virtual reality experiences will continue moving the trend forward, incorporating the data provided by athlete-worn biosensors to further engage fans. \"As this technology matures, there will be more and more biosensors out there,\" Saxon says in the article. “It is truly the next frontier in sports and technology.” Ensuring fair play As technology continues to play an increasing role in sports, moral questions begin to arise. One long-standing question involves equity in access, as expensive technologies introduce disparities between those who can afford the devices and those who cannot. Yet another quandary surrounds the potential for technologies to extend beyond simply sensing and instead offer functional improvements to athletic performance. \"What about if there\'s an opportunity to make an implant on your bone that could make it more structurally sound so you could run further, or it\'s a piezoelectric sensor that measures the stress in the bone?\" says Ready. \"Maybe that\'s bad to use in competition because it\'s giving feedback that you can actively use in competition, but maybe it\'s useful during rehabilitation-so is it okay in one scenario and not in the other?\" The line between where materials enhance athletic performance and where materials provide an unfair advantage or artificially exaggerate human capabilities is colored in various shades of gray. And it is often difficult to discern or quantify just how much advantage a technology might provide to an athlete, further complicating the picture. Yet Ready suggests that sports are based on advantage and competition. \"That\'s the whole point of sportsyou\'re trying to prove that you\'re better than somebody else,\" Ready says. Technologies provide means to improve the game, and as long as they follow the rules, innovation is fair game. \"That is, I think, what materials science tries to do, is to give you an unfair competitive advantage. But we do it in a rules-compliant way, whether that rule does not yet exist, and therefore we\'re in compliance with it, or because we go right up to the boundary,\" he says. So what does the future of sports look like? Despite debates about the fairness of new technologies, materials science offers the ability to enhance and improve existing aspects of sports as well as innovate in new and sometimes unexpected ways. Technology will continue to infiltrate sports, in some ways enhancing athletic performance and improving the safety and fan experience of the game. Athletes, enabled by technology, will continue to get better, setting new world records-and those feats of athleticism will be backed by materials science. 100 See references on p. 32 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 29 Investigation of classical nucleation theory with novel energy landscape methods By Collin J. Wilkinson & John C. Mauro The methods and the software developed in this work offer a promising step to gain insights into the fundamental nature of glass-ceramic nucleation and the validity of classical nucleation theory. rystallization (and by extension nucleation) is a critical process in all material systems that determines how a material will form. Manufacturers have generated billions of dollars of economic development by creating new materials through manipulation of crystallization. There are two phenomenological steps in the process of phase transformation from a supercooled liquid to a crystal: a nucleation step and a crystal growth step. The growth step is described well by Wilson-Frenkel\'s theory,\' but the underlying physics of nucleation remains elusive. For glass30 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS bulletin | kreidl award abstract ceramics, or composite materials consisting of crystals in a glassy matrix, having a clear idea of how nucleation occurs would aid significantly in finding the optimal thermal history for the desired crystallite distribution. In this study, we employed first principles and energy landscape methodologies to provide insights into the fundamental nature of nucleation for the barium disilicate system. Our exploration also enabled a test of classical nucleation theory, which is the most common approach to understanding nucleation. Although it is not the first study to computationally examine the theory\'s validity,²-4 it is the first independent parameterization of each variable in an attempt to calculate the resulting nucleation rate. Challenges in optimizing glass-ceramic design The difficulty in designing a glass-ceramic is apparent when considering the high dimensional phase space of parameters that can be adjusted. A glass system has d dimensions over which it can be optimized, where d is the number of components (d-1 mutually independent compositional dimensions and at least one thermal history dimension). A glass-ceramic system has four additional phase dimensions (two for the nucleation/growth temperatures and two for nucleation/growth times) that require optimization. Therefore, a glass-ceramic system has d+4 dimensions over which the system must be optimized. There are some tools such as topological constraint theory that can help optimize over the glassy space; however, the four addi tional dimensions (for nucleation and growth temperatures/times) remain poorly understood. Thus, designing computational methods to easily optimize over this large space is of utmost importance to developing a new generation of custom glass-ceramic materials. Crystal nucleation is historically difficult to simulate computationally because the phenomenon happens on spatial scales of nanometers and over many orders of magnitude of time scales. Recent approaches using grand canonical Monte Carlo successfully predicted the short time dynamics of nuclei formation while enabling greater thermodynamic insights; however, it remains computationally expensive.² Molecular dynamics also falls short in simulating crystal nucleation of glass-forming systems due to the need for longer spatial and temporal scales to capture nucleation effects accurately. The energy landscape offers another approach for simulating crystal nucleation. The energy landscape is a high dimensional construct that relates the location of every atom to the total energy of the system. It has become crucial to studies of biomolecules, glasses, and catalysts 7-9 because it can show the relevant atomic configurational changes and can calculate the associated changes in kinetics and thermodynamics. An energy landscape can be thought of as a 3N-dimensional hyperspace, where each coordinate represents an x, y, or z position of the N atoms considered. As an energy landscape is mapped, most configurations become unnecessary to record as they represent energies much higher than the local minima. These local minima are often called inherent structures (IS), and these states control the thermodynamics of the system. The kinetics of the system are then controlled by the lowest energy saddle point between each pairwise set of IS. Using this information, we can decrease the complexity of the system by just considering the IS and the saddle points. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Potential Energy (eV) -3010 -3020 -3830 -3840 -3850Configurational Space 1.75 1.50 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 Average Distance from Lattice (A) Credit: Wilkinson, Acta Mater. Figure 1. The energy landscape for a barium disilicate glass-ceramic shown in a disconnectivity graph. The x-axis is an arbitrary phase space and the y-axis is the potential energy calculated from the Pedone potentials.14 Each terminating line represents an inherent structure and the point where two lines meet represents a transition point. The colors are indicative of the crystallinity. Reproduced from Ref. 15 with permission of the author. Exploring glass-ceramic nucleation through the energy landscape In this study, we explored the energy landscape of a barium disilicate system capturing the glassy and crystalline basins. We chose barium disilicate because it is a commonly studied glass-ceramic with multiple reliable experimental datasets in literature. 10-12 The energy landscape for this investigation was generated using the software ExplorerPy, 13 starting with the orthorhombic barium disilicate crystalline structure. The mapped landscape then allowed for the free energy difference and the kinetic transition rates to be calculated directly. The interfacial free energy was obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. The Pedone potentials ¹ were used and the volume of the cell was fixed, due to simulation instability when pressure was fixed. The resulting energy landscape is seen in Fig. 1.15 Once the temperature-dependent parameters were derived from the landscape, they were used to calculate the nucleation rates in classical nucleation theory. Classical nucleation theory is given by the product of a kinetic function (K) and a thermodynamic term, I-K exp [-W/kT] =K exp [-(16π σ³)/(3(AG)² kT)] (1) 40 1024 atoms 768 atoms 30 O Rodrigues 20 10 A Xia Zanotto log101 [nuclei/m³/s] 3 30 -20 -30 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 Temperature [Kelvin] Figure 2: The nucleation curve for barium disilicate as predicted using the model presented in this work. The data referenced can be found in Refs. 12, 18, and 19. The dotted lines show uncertainty for the prediction calculated from the interfacial energy. Reproduced from Ref. 15 with permission of the author. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org Credit: Wilkinson, Acta Mater. In classical nucleation theory, the work (W) needed to generate a spherical isotropic nucleus¹ consists of a volume term related to the free energy difference of a crystal and glass (AG), as well as a surface energy term (σ). By determining these three temperature-dependent functions, prediction of the overall nucleation rate is possible. Though there are existing methods in literature to approximate each of these quantities, the approximations often include large errors and assumptions about the behavior of the system. 16 Experimentally, the kinetic function is often approximated with the Stokes-Einstein relationship, the AG term is calculated from heat capacity curves, and σ is fitted.16 Classical nucleation theory is known for giving widely varying results depending on how the parameters are determined. 1,6,17 When crystal nucleation rates are calculated, it is not atypical to be 10+ orders of magnitude off from experimental values. The inability to get accurate predictions consistently for nucleation curves means that choosing an appropriate nucleation temperature must be done empirically, which can prove to be one of the most challenging and timeconsuming aspects for optimizing the design of a glass-ceramic. As shown in Fig. 2, the resulting nucleation curves agree well with the experimental nucleation rates. However, when the individual properties are compared, the interfacial free energy and kinetics show disagreement with the experimental calculations while the thermodynamic barrier shows good agreement. Conclusions This study is, as far as the authors know, the first reporting of a real energy landscape for a complicated glass-ceramic system. In the future, this model could be used for either developing commercial glass-ceramics or for predicting the critical rate needed to keep a liquid glassy. Additionally, the technique presented here can provide additional insights into the physics of nucleation and the validity of classical nucleation theory. About the authors Collin J. Wilkinson is a doctoral graduate of the Department of Material Science and Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University. He worked on using energy landscapes to understand complex behavior centered on relaxation and crystallization under the supervision of John Mauro. Contact Wilkinson at cxw824@psu.edu Editor\'s note Wilkinson will present the 2021 Kreidl Award Lecture at the virtual Glass & Optical Materials Division Annual Meeting on Dec. 15, 2021. Learn more about the conference at https://ceramics.org/pacrim14. See references on p. 32 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 31 REFERENCE PAGE Sports references from page 29 ¹C. Yu and T. 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Hutchinson, \"A real-time fuel gauge for endurance athletes,\" August 31, 2021, Outside. https://www.outsideonline.com/health/trainingperformance/supersapiens-continuous-glucosemonitor. Accessed Nov. 1, 2021. 23S. O\'Kane, \"Whoop\'s new fitness tracker is better thanks to a battery breakthrough,\" September 8, 2021, Verge. https://www.theverge. com/2021/9/8/22662979/whoop-fitness-trackersila-silicon-anode-battery-electric-cars. Accessed Nov. 1, 2021. 24S. McGrane, \"Maybe an electric ski would help,\" December 3, 1998, New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/03/ technology/maybe-an-electric-ski-would-help.html. Accessed Nov. 1, 2021. 25K. Moskvitch, \"Biosensors calculate the road to sporting victory,\" February 22, 2012, BBC. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-17097958 100 Kreidl references from page 31 \'Varshneya, A. K. & Mauro, J. C. Fundamentals of Inorganic Glasses. (Elsevier, 2019). 2McKenzie, M. E. et al. Implicit glass model for simulation of crystal nucleation for glass-ceramics. npj Comput. Mater. 4, 1-7 (2018). 3Prado, S. C. C., Rino, J. P. & Zanotto, E. D. \"Successful test of the classical nucleation theory by molecular dynamic simulations of BaS,\" Comput. Mater. Sci. 161, 99-106 (2019). Tipeev, A. O. & Zanotto, E. D. \"Nucleation kinetics in supercooled Ni50Ti50: Computer simulation data corroborate the validity of the classical nucleation theory,\" Chem. Phys. Lett. 735, 136749 (2019). \"Mauro, J. C. \"Topological constraint theory of glass,\" Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 90, 31-37 (2011). McKenzie, M. E. & Mauro, J. C. \"Hybrid Monte Carlo technique for modeling of crystal nucleation and application to lithium disilicate glass-ceramics,\" Comput. Mater. Sci. 149, 202-207 (2018). Prada-Gracia, D., Gómez-Gardeñes, J., Echenique, P. & Falo, F. \"Exploring the free energy landscape: From dynamics to networks and back,\" PLoS Comput. Biol. 5, e1000415 (2009). 8Mauro, J. C., Allan, D. C. & Potuzak, M. \"Nonequilibrium viscosity of glass,” Phys. Rev. B 80, 094204 (2009). \'Li, P., Henkelman, G., Keith, J. A. & Johnson, J. K. \"Elucidation of aqueous solvent-mediated hydrogen-transfer reactions by ab initio molecular dynamics and nudged elastic-band studies of NaBH4 hydrolysis,\" J. Phys. Chem. C 118, 21385-21399 (2014). 10Zanotto, E. D. & James, P. F. \"Experimental tests of the classical nucleation theory for glasses,\" J. Non. Cryst. Solids 74, 373-394 (1985). 11Rodrigues, A. M., Cassar, D. R., Fokin, V. M. & Zanotto, E. D. \"Crystal growth and viscous flow in barium disilicate glass,” J. Non. Cryst. Solids 479, 55-61 (2018). 12Xia, X., Dutta, I., Mauro, J. C., Aitken, B. G. & Kelton, K. F. \"Temperature dependence of crystal nucleation in BaO2SiO2 and 5BaO 8SiO2 glasses using differential thermal analysis,” J. Non. Cryst. Solids 459, 45-50 (2017). 13Wilkinson, C. & Mauro, J. C. \"Explorer.py: Mapping the energy landscapes of complex materials,\" SoftwareX 14, 100683 (2021). 14Pedone, A. et al. \"A New Self-Consistent Empirical Interatomic Potential Model for Oxides, Silicates, and Silica-Based Glasses,\" J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 11780-11795 (2006). 15Wilkinson, C. J. et al. \"Energy landscape modeling of crystal nucleation,\" Acta Mater. 217, 117163 (2021). 16Fokin, V. M., Zanotto, E. D., Yuritsyn, N. S. & Schmelzer, J. W. P. \"Homogeneous crystal nucleation in silicate glasses: A 40 years perspective,\" J. Non. Cryst. Solids 352, 2681-2714 (2006). 17Deubener, J. \"Configurational entropy and crystal nucleation of silicate glasses,\" Phys. Chem. Glas. 45, 61-63 (2004). 18 Zanotto, E. D. \"The effects of amorphous phase sepatration on crystal nucleation in baria-silica and lithia-silica glasses,\" The University of Sheffield (1982). 19Rodrigues, A. M. \"Diffusion processes, crystallization and viscous flow in barium disilicate glass,\" Federal University of São Carlos (2014). 100 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 ACers meeting highlights Sustainability is key at C ceramics 2021 expo From left, moderator Kayleigh Porter talks with Shawn Allan, Dror Danai, and Jesse Blacker about the commercial viability of various ceramic additive manufacturing techniques. A fter a year of going virtual in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Ceramics Expo experienced a highly successful return as a live event on Aug. 31–Sept. 1, 2021, in Cleveland, Ohio. The leading annual supply chain exhibition and conference for the advanced ceramic and glass industry welcomed dozens of exhibitors and hundreds of attendees to its new location at the Huntington Convention Center of Cleveland. During the two-day event, more than 30 expert speakers shared insights into the latest developments in applications and manufacturing of technical ceramics and the critical role that they will play in “enabling a clean, efficient, and electrified future.\" \"Ceramics Expo 2021 was a resounding success. It was fantastic for ACers leadership and staff to be able to interact and engage with many of our Corporate Partners and members in person. This show continues to help us meet the need of our industrial members to interact with existing and prospective customers,\" says Mark Mecklenborg, ACerS executive director. Day 1 of Ceramics Expo focused on research and initiatives to improve sustainability in ceramic and glass manufacturing, particularly through developing new materials and improving system infrastructures. The first panel discussion kicked off the day by exploring sustainability in supply chains, a topic that has received increased attention this past year due to the COVID-19 pandemic revealing weaknesses in the current supply systems. Later sessions throughout the day covered topics such as facilitating environmentally friendly practices, the potential role of flow batteries in the future of energy storage, and understanding the implications of emission control regulations on clean mobility technology. Day 2 of Ceramics Expo also looked at improving sustainability, but the focus this day was on processes for fabricating materials. The first panel discussion of Day 2 considered how to bridge the gap between research & development and commercial viability of ceramic additive manufacturing. Later sessions throughout the day American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org covered topics such as improving efficiency of sintering processes, using powder X-ray diffraction for microstructural analysis, and improving properties of ultrahigh-temperature ceramics. Throughout the sessions, many panelists mentioned the challenge of finding people to fill labor shortages in the industry. During the last panel session of Day 1, Jennifer Benson (Raytheon Technologies, chief engineer), Elizabeth Dickey (Carnegie Mellon University, Teddy & Wilton Hawkins Distinguished Professor and Department Head of Materials Science and Engineering), and Eileen De Guire (Acers, director of technical content and communications) discussed how the gender gap in STEM fields can contribute to this challenge. \"If we\'re only pulling from half of the population, we\'re not going to make it,\" Dickey says. After giving some statistics on the underrepresentation of women in STEM, they offered several solutions for closing the gender gap. For example, creating more awareness of what materials scientists do, so women will want to enter the field; offering flexible work schedules, so women can start a family while pursuing their career; and launching programs to help women transition back into the field following a career break. Join us at the 7th annual Ceramics Expo, which will take place at the Huntington Convention Center of Cleveland on Aug. 29-31, 2022. New for 2022-Thermal Technologies Expo Aug. 29-31, 2022 Co-located with Ceramics Expo • A free-to-attend conference with a variety of sessions from senior executives and industry thought leaders • Focused workshops on specific thermal management challenges • A buzzing exhibition floor • An unrivaled networking opportunity to meet with like-minded professionals • Registration provides an all-access pass to not only Thermal Technologies Expo but also Ceramics Expo www.thermaltechexpo.com THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES EXPO CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 33 Credit: ACers World of Science PACRIM and Technology The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org 14 Virtual Conference Dec. 12-17, 2021 | ceramics.org/pacrim14 TH PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE ON CERAMIC AND GLASS TECHNOLOGY including Glass & Optical Materials Division Meeting (GOMD 2021) PACRIM14 will provide a unique forum for knowledge exchange and sharing, and facilitate the establishment of new contacts from all over the world. The technical program will cover a wide range of exciting and emerging topics organized into a seven-track system, which includes 42 symposia planned that will identify global challenges and opportunities for various ceramic technologies. We anticipate strong participation of colleagues from cooperating societies, including CerSJ, KCerS, CCS, AusCers, and other ceramic societies from around the world. ACerS Glass & Optical Materials Division will host its Division meeting at PACRIM14. PACRIM PLENARY SPEAKERS MONDAY, DEC. 13 MELISSA ORME Vice president, Boeing Additive Manufacturing, The Boeing Company, USA Recent advances in the disruptive technology of additive manufacturing at Boeing JAW-SHEN TSAI Professor, Tokyo University of Science, Department of Physics, Japan; Laboratory Head of Macroscopic Quantum Coherence Research, RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC), Japan Superconducting quantum computer and its future issues MARY ANNE WHITE Harry Shirreff Professor of Chemical Research (Emerita), Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Canada Thermal properties of advanced ceramics SANG IL SEOK Distinguished Professor, Laboratory for Energy Harvesting Materials and Systems (LEHMS), School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Korea Halide perovskite-based photovoltaics— from materials to devices PACRIM 14 TECHNICAL PROGRAM → Multiscale Modeling, Simulation, and Characterization → Innovative Processing and Manufacturing → Nanotechnology and Structural Ceramics → Multifunctional Materials and Systems → Ceramics for Energy Systems → Ceramics for Environmental Systems → Biomaterials, Biotechnologies, and Bioinspired Materials 34 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS GOMD 2021 TECHNICAL PROGRAM S1: Fundamentals of the Glassy State S2: Glass and Water: Degradation of Amorphous Materials S3: Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices Fundamentals and Applications S4: Glass Technology Aand Cross-cutting Topics S5: Glass Education GOMD 2021 AWARD SPEAKERS TUESDAY, DEC. 14 GEORGE W. MOREY AWARD Walter Kob Professor, University of Montpellier, France Glass: We love it, but it breaks WEDNESDAY, DEC. 15 NORBERT J. KREIDL AWARD FOR YOUNG SCHOLARS Collin Wilkerson The Pennsylvania State University, USA Confirming classical nucleation theory with novel energy landscape methods THURSDAY, DEC. 16 VARSHNEYA GLASS TECHNOLOGY AWARD Heike EbendorfHeidepriem Professor, University of Adelaide, Australia Nanocrystal doped glass and fibers: Fabrication challenges and opportunities for novel photonics applications THURSDAY, DEC. 16 ALFRED R. COOPER AWARD Efstratios I. Kamitsos Director of research, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute of the National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece Structure and ion dynamics in glass www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 REGISTER TODAY! JAN. 19–21, 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 2022 DoubleTree by Hilton | Orlando, Fla., USA | ceramics.org/ema2022 | Hybrid Conference ORGANIZED BY THE ACERS ELECTRONICS AND BASIC SCIENCE DIVISIONS Acers is pleased to announce the addition of a hybrid option for EMA \'22 to allow participation by individuals who cannot attend in- ORGANIZING COMMITTEE person due to travel restrictions. We plan to provide a hybrid solution that will incorporate prerecorded talks from virtual attendees into the live onsite programming. All live sessions will be recorded for all attendees to view at the conclusion of the live conference, available until March 31, 2022. Electronic Materials and Applications 2022 (EMA 2022) is an international conference focused on electroceramic materials and their applications in electronic, electrochemical, electromechanical, magnetic, dielectric, biological, and optical components, devices, and systems. Jointly programmed by the Electronics Division and Basic Science Division of The American Ceramic Society, EMA 2022 will take place at the DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando at Sea World, Jan. 19-21, 2022. EMA 2022 is designed for scientists, engineers, technologists, and students interested in basic science, engineering, and applications of electroceramic materials. Participants from across the world in academia, industry, and national laboratories exchange information and ideas on the latest developments in theory, experimental investigation, and applications of electroceramic materials. Students are highly encouraged to participate in the meeting. Prizes will be awarded for the best oral and poster student presentations. The technical program includes plenary talks, invited lectures, contributed papers, poster presentations, and open discussions. EMA 2022 features symposia focused on dielectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, magnetoelectronic, (multi)ferroic, quantum, relaxor, optoelectronic, and photonic ceramics; complex oxide thin films, heterostructures, and nanocomposites; semiconductors; superconductors; ion-conducting ceramics; 5G materials for millimeter-wave technology; and functional biological materials. Other symposia emphasize broader themes covering processing, microstructure evolution, and integration; effects of surfaces and interfaces on processing, transport, and properties; point defects, dislocations, and grain boundaries; mesoscale phenomena; and advanced characterization and computational design of electronic materials. EMA includes several networking opportunities to facilitate collaborations for scientific and technical advances related to materials, components, devices, and systems. The Basic Science Division will again host a tutorial session in addition to the regular conference programming. The grand finale of the meeting will again be Failure: The Greatest Teacher. We invite anyone interested to submit a brief abstract for this educational and engaging event that concludes the meeting. Please join us in Orlando, Fla., to participate in this unique experience! American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org Andrew Gorzkowski Jennifer Andrew, (Electronics Division) University of Florida, USA jandrew@mse.ufl.edu Edward Gorzkowski, (Electronics Division) Naval Research Laboratory, USA edward.gorzkowski @nrl.navy.mil TECHNICAL PROGRAM Krause Dillon Amanda Krause, (Basic Science Division) University of Florida, USA a.krause@ufl.edu Shen Dillon, (Basic Science Division) University of California, Irvine, USA sdillon1@uci.edu S1 - Characterization of Structure-Property Relationships in Functional Ceramics S2-Advanced Electronic Materials: Processing Structures, Properties, and Applications S3 - Frontiers in Ferroic Oxides: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Applications S4 - Complex Oxide Thin Films and Heterostructures: From Synthesis to Strain/Interface-engineered Emergent Properties S5 - Mesoscale Phenomena in Ferroic Nanostructures: From Patterns to Functionalities S6-Emerging Semiconductor Materials and Interfaces S7 - Superconducting and Related Materials: From Basic Science to Applications S8 - Structure-Property Relationships in Relaxor Ceramics S9-lon-conducting Ceramics S10 - Point Defects and Transport in Ceramics S11 - Evolution of Structure and Chemistry of Grain Boundaries and Their Networks as a Function of Material Processing S12 – 5G Materials and Applications Telecommunications S13 - Agile Design of Electronic Materials: Aligned Computational and Experimental Approaches and Materials Informatics S14 - Functional Materials for Biological Applications S15-Advanced Microelectrics CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 5 35 REGISTER TODAY! JAN. 23-28, 2022 46TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION ON ADVANCED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES Hilton Daytona Beach Resort and Ocean Center | Daytona Beach, Fla., USA | Hybrid Conference | ceramics.org/icacc2022 ORGANIZED BY THE ENGINEERING CERAMICS DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY We are pleased to announce that the 46th International Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics & Composites (ICACC 2022) will be held from Jan. 23-28, 2022, in Daytona Beach, Fla. This conference has a strong history of being the preeminent international meeting on advanced structural and functional ceramics, composites, and other emerging ceramic materials and technologies. The Engineering Ceramics Division (ECD) of The American Ceramic Society has organized this esteemed event since 1977. Due to the high quality of technical presentations and unique networking opportunities, this event has achieved tremendous worldwide interest and has attracted active participation from ceramic researchers and developers from the global technical community thanks to the dedication and support of our membership. We look forward to seeing you in Daytona Beach, Fla., in January 2022. Check out our hybrid option if you are unable to travel. Palani Balaya, program chair, ICACC 2022 National University of Singapore | mpepb@nus.edu.sg PLENARY SPEAKERS Monday, Jan. 24 THOMAS SPECK, University of Freiburg and Cluster of Excellence Living, Adaptive and Energy-autonomous Materials Systems (livMatS), Germany Plant materials systems and structures: Bio-inspiration for a \"greener\" technology in the 21st century Y. SHIRLEY MENG, Zable Chair Professor in Energy Technologies and professor in Materials Science & NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, USA Designing better ceramic materials for future batteries GLOBAL YOUNG INVESTIGATOR AWARD Sunmi Shin, National University of Singapore, Singapore Thermal engineering using infrared photonic structures: Probing coherent thermal emission in a single nano-object MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS AND GLASS 2022 SHORT COURSE – 5 p.m. Jan. 27-28, 2022 | 8:30 a.m. - 5 Location: In conjunction with ICACC2022, Hilton Daytona Beach Resort and Ocean Center, Daytona Beach, Fla., USA 36 Instructor: George D. Quinn, NIST CELEBRATING 100 YEARS SYMPOSIA S1: Mechanical Behavior and Performance of Ceramics and Composites S2: Advanced Ceramic Coatings for Structural, Environmental, and Functional Applications S3: 19th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Cells (SOC): Materials Science and Technology S4: Armor Ceramics - Challenges and New Developments S5: Next Generation Bioceramics and Biocomposites S6: Advanced Materials and Technologies for Rechargeable Energy Storage S7: 16th International Symposium on Functional Nanomaterials and Thin Films for Sustainable Energy Harvesting, Environmental and Health Applications S8: 16th International Symposium on Advanced Processing and Manufacturing Technologies for Structural and Multifunctional Materials and Systems (APMT16) S9: Porous Ceramics: Novel Developments and Applications S10: Modeling and Design of Ceramics and Composites S11: Advanced Materials and Innovative Processing Ideas for Production Root Technologies S12: On the Design of Nanolaminated Ternary Transition Metal Carbides/Nitrides (MAX Phases) and Borides (MAB Phases), Solid Solutions thereof, and 2D Counterparts (MXenes, MBenes) S13: Development and Applications of Advanced Ceramics and Composites for Nuclear Fission and Fusion Energy Systems S14: Crystalline Materials for Electrical, Optical, and Medical Applications S15: 6th International Symposium on Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies S16: Geopolymers, Inorganic Polymers, and Sustainable Materials S17: Advanced Ceramic Materials and Processing for Photonics and Energy S18: Ultrahigh-temperature Ceramics www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 REGISTER TODAY! March 15-18, 2022 THE UNIFIED INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE ON REFRACTORIES 17th Biennial Worldwide Congress on Refractories 3 Hilton Chicago Chicago, III., USA 88 33 33 33 8 03 93 3 17TH BIENNIAL WORLDWIDE CONGRESS ON REFRACTORIES UNITECR 2022 The American HOSTED BY: Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org GOB UNITECR2022.ORG PER mmmmmmm חה-from manu The Unified International Technical Conference on Refractories (UNITECR) is a biennial international conference that contributes to the progress and exchange of industrial knowledge and technologies concerning refractories. SYMPOSIA TITLES •Advances in Installation Techniques, Manufacturing, and Equipment • Advances in Monolithic Technology • Iron and Steelmaking Refractories • Modeling and Simulation of Refractories • New Developments in Refractory Formulation • Nonoxide Refractory Systems • Raw Materials • Refractories for Aluminum • Refractories for Cement and Lime • Refractories for Glass Refractories for Other Applications • Refractories for Petrochemical Applications • Refractory Education •Refractory Characterization and Testing • Refractory Technology and Techniques for Energy Savings Safety, Environmental Issues, and Recycling • Use of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Big Data in Refractory Technology • Refractory Student and Young Professionals Symposium • Theodore J. Planje Award Symposium EXHIBITS AND SPONSORSHIPS TENTATIVE SCHEDULE OF EVENTS Tuesday, March 15, 2022 Welcome event Wednesday, March 16, 2022 Opening ceremony Exhibits Technical sessions Exhibit reception and posters Thursday, March 17, 2022 Exhibits Technical sessions Banquet Friday, March 18, 2022 Technical sessions Lunch/Panel discussions/Closing 6-10 p.m 8:30-9:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. - 7 p.m. 9:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m. 5-7 p.m. 9:30 a.m.-4:30 p.m. 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. 7-10 p.m. 8 a.m. 12:30 p.m. 12:30-5:30 p.m. Companies who want to network and do business with refractory related manufacturers, users, technologists, and scientists should contact us today for premium exhibit space and special sponsorship opportunities. For more information, contact: Andrea Ross | 614-794-5820 | aross@ceramics.org romational Jounal of Peer-reviewed proceedings articles will be published in ACers\' open-access International Journal of Ceramic Engineering Ceramic Engineering & Science. All articles will be posted online for conference attendees. Go to & Science www.UNITECR2022.org for full meeting details, including publishing options. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 37 O deciphering the discipline A regular column offering the student perspective of the next generation of ceramic and glass scientists, organized by the ACerS Presidents Council of Student Advisors. Ambra Paterlini Guest columnists Lithography-based additive manufacturing of ceramics for orthopedic joint implants: A focus on the tribology During the last few decades, additive manufacturing became more popular in the biomedical field because of the ability to create complex shapes and porous or semiporous geometries without extra steps in the production process. An increasing number of printed metal and polymer products are well-established in the market, and quite a few printed ceramic and composite products are gaining interest as well. Stereolithography is one of the most used additive manufacturing techniques for ceramic materials. Based on selectively photopolymerized ceramic-loaded slurries, this technology allows manufacturers to obtain highly dense final parts (around 99%), as well as good shape accuracy, with a lateral resolution of around 20-30 μm. Inspired by the benefits of stereolithography, our work aims to create entirely ceramic implants for joint replacements. Implants made of metal can be related to allergies or undesired reactions, and due to their lower hardness and poor tribological behavior, doctors often prefer metal-ceramic composite implants instead. However, composite implants can lead to multicomponent interfaces that result in weak points, and that is why entirely ceramic implants are desirable. To ensure biocompatibility, we selected materials with a long history in the orthopedic field for the current case study: alumina, zirconia, and two zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) composites with 10 wt.% and 20 wt.% of zirconia, respectively. We focused on analyzing the tribological behavior of the implants because the main movement of a joint is the continuous sliding between its two counterparts. Thus, studying the tribological behavior can help us to guarantee a part that experiences low wear. Tribological tests were performed in ambient air and liquid environments, using a bovine serum to mimic the in vivo conditions. 38 Friction coefficients under an average Hertz contact pressure of 800 MPa are in the range of 0.45-0.50 for alumina and ZTA, while in the order of 0.80 for zirconia. These values are comparable to the friction coefficients of conventionally processed alumina and ZTA parts in air conditions.¹ The zirconia coefficient, however, is significantly higher due to the well-known tetragonal-tomonoclinic transformation at the surface, detected through Raman spectroscopy. Alumina AS PRINTED b) WORN Tribofilm 5 μm Alumina 5 μm c) AS PRINTED d) WORN ZTA Sum ZTA Filled cavities Figure 1. As printed and worn surfaces of alumina (a, b) and zirconia toughened alumina (c, d) samples. On the other hand, in lubricated conditions, the friction behavior is more homogeneous among the different samples, and friction coefficients are in the range of 0.18-0.20. These coefficients are in the same range of conventionally processed parts.3 Surface properties such as roughness, wettability, and porosity show a direct influence on friction mechanisms. Regarding wear volume, alumina and zirconia present significantly higher wear volume compared to ZTA composites in both air and lubricated conditions. In air conditions, for both alumina and zirconia, a tribofilm is detected on worn surfaces. A tribofilm is a film formed on a surface because of tribology stresses that induce a chemical transformation or compact wear debris-as in this case study. Alumina tribofilm (Figure 1b) is adherent enough to resist the whole tribological test cycle (around 8 hours) and protect the surface from further wear. On the other hand, zirconia tribofilm is continuously generated and detached so the wear volume never attains a plateau and thus constantly increases. Printed ZTA parts present an optimal tribological behavior, with a very low wear volume in both air and lubricated conditions. There is no sign of tribofilm (Figure 1d). However, the debris generated during the test \"fill\" the open porosCELEBRATING 100 YEARS ity on sample surface, homogenizing the surface and decreasing the roughness. To conclude, based on both reciprocating friction coefficients and wear volume, ZTA seems to be an optimal candidate for creating additively manufactured parts for orthopedic joint implants. References \'Blau PJ, \"Four great challenges confronting our understanding and modeling of sliding friction,\" Tribology Series 1998; 34:117-128. 2Chevalier J, Gremillard L, Virkar A V., Clarke DR, \"The tetragonal-monoclinic transformation in zirconia: Lessons learned and future trends,\" J Am Ceram Soc. 2009; 92(9):1901-1920. 3Gispert MP, Serro AP, Colaço R, Saramago B, \"Friction and wear mechanisms in hip prosthesis: Comparison of joint materials behaviour in several lubricants,\" Wear 2006; 260(1-2):149–158. Ambra Paterlini is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Birmingham. Her doctoral fellowship is part of a European Marie-Curie project named DOC-3D Printing, which is focused on additive manufacturing of ceramics for medical and aeronautical applications. In addition to research, 3D printing is also a personal hobby of hers, along with outdoor activities such as camping and hiking. 100 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Credit: Ambra Paterlini DECEMBER 2021 VOLUME 2 ISSUE 4 Ceramic Glass www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing MANUFACTURING WHAT\'S NEXT AFTER A RECORD-SETTING YEAR FOR MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS? ELCON-UC DAVIS PARTNERSHIP INVESTIGATES DISCOLORATION OF HIGH-CALCIA ALUMINA OPTICAL GLASS: ADVANCED ROTARY SURFACE GRINDERS DELIVER MORE POSSIBILITIES AND TIGHTER TOLERANCES JOIN OUR TEAM OF WORLD-CLASS FACULTY! Opportunities in Ceramics, Glass and Mechanical Engineering The Inamori School of Engineering at Alfred University invites applications for three faculty appointments in Ceramic Engineering, one appointment in Glass Science and Engineering, and one assistant professor position in Mechanical Engineering. Candidates must hold a PhD in Material Science and Engineering, Ceramic Engineering, Glass Science, Mechanical Engineering or closely related field. Successful candidates will be expected to develop a strong externally funded research program and a high-quality teaching portfolio. Ceramic Engineering Positions: Candidates with expertise in the fields of ceramic processing, characterization of oxide materials, high-temperature and/or hypersonics materials, ceramic biomaterials, computational materials science, and advanced ceramic manufacturing. Glass Science and Engineering Position: Candidates with expertise in the areas of glass formulation, industrial melting, characterization of glass properties, chalcogenides, glass biomaterials, computational materials science, and photonics. Mechanical Engineering Position: Candidates with expertise in the broad fields of mechanical properties of materials, mechatronics, robotics, bio-mechanics, fluid mechanics, and surface and interface science. Please contact the following with interest and questions: Dr. Gabrielle Gaustad Dean, Inamori School of Engineering P 607-871-2953 E gaustad@alfred.edu go.alfred.edu/engineering Review of applications will begin immediately with start dates in either January or August of 2022. CACT 1836 Center for Advanced Ceramic Technology Alfred University OUTSIDE of ORDINARY www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing CONTENTS 1 Ceramic Vol. 2, No. 4 Glass MANUFACTURING Executive Director & Publisher Mark Mecklenborg Editorial & Production Eileen De Guire Director of Technical Content and Communications edeguire@ceramics.org David Holthaus Content Editor dholthaus@ceramics.org Lisa McDonald Associate Managing Editor Tess Speakman Senior Graphic Designer Kerry Burgdorfer Graphic Designer Michelle Martin Production Editor Editorial Advisory Board Carolyn Primus, Primus Consulting William Carty, Alfred University Daniel Tipsord, TevTech LLC James Hemrick, Reno Refractories Inc. Keith DeCarlo, Blasch Precision Ceramics John Mastrogiacomo, Kyocera International Inc. 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Vol. 2, No. 4, pp 1-16. 4 7 11 13 INDUSTRY NEWS WHAT\'S NEXT AFTER A RECORD-SETTING YEAR FOR MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS? by David Holthaus STONY BROOK\'S CENTER FOR THERMAL SPRAY RESEARCH CELEBRATES A MILESTONE ELCON-UC DAVIS PARTNERSHIP INVESTIGATES DISCOLORATION OF HIGH-CALCIA ALUMINA by Tim Dyer and Nikki Do OPTICAL GLASS: ADVANCED ROTARY SURFACE GRINDERS DELIVER MORE POSSIBILITIES AND TIGHTER TOLERANCES By Carlo Chatman, Power PR ADVERTISERS LIST AND EDITORIAL CALENDAR Subscribe to Ceramic Glass MANUFACTURING PREPARING FOR CONTINGENCIES HELPED COMPANIES DURING THE PANDEMIC THE ROCKY ROAD BACK TO \'LIVE\'S IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC FROM A TRADE SHOW PERSPECTIVE Ceramic Glass SEPTEMBER 2021 VOLUME ISSUE Ceramic Glass THE VALUE OF COLLABORATION: MANUFACTURING PARTNERSHIPS ARE A PATH TO SUCCESS ARET ENSURES QUALITY IN UNIVERSITY ENGINEERING EDUCATION MANUFACTURING Make sure you keep pace with the ever-changing fields of ceramics and glass with a subscription to Ceramic & Glass Manufacturing. For your free subscription, go to www.ceramics.org/ CGMsubscribe. 41 2 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY NEWS The Cornell Center for Materials Research. CORNELL, NORTH CAROLINA A&T PARTNER TO IMPROVE DIVERSITY IN ENGINEERING The Cornell University Center for Materials Research and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University began a research collaboration to increase diversity in the materials science field. North Carolina A&T said the college produces more Black engineers than any other university in the United States. Its students will visit Cornell for its state-of-the-art instrumentation and to work with Cornell faculty in electron microscopy, optics, and electrocatalysis. The National Science Foundation funded the project with a three-year, $800,000 seed grant. 42 ITALIAN GLASS MAKER BUYS A COMPETITOR IN CHINA Italian technical glass manufacturer Vetrerie Riunite has acquired 70% of the capital of Suizhong Minghui Industrial Technology, a China-based manufacturer of washing machine portholes. Vetrerie Riunite manufactures technical glass for household appliances. The integration of the Chinese company will allow Vetrerie Riunite to improve its market share from 40% to more than 50%. Vetrerie Riunite manufactures technical glass for household appliances. Corning invests strategically to support broadband network buildouts. CORNING TO EXPAND ITS OPTICAL CABLE MANUFACTURING Corning Inc. announced it is expanding its longtime collaboration with AT&T. The two companies will extend their investments in fiber infrastructure, expand U.S. broadband networks, and accelerate 5G deployment. Corning said it will invest $150 million in optical cable manufacturing in North Carolina, initially adding 200 jobs. AT&T previously announced plans to significantly expand its fiber footprint. SCHOTT TO INCREASE CAPACITY AT PHARMA GLASS PLANT IN INDIA SCHOTT will invest 70 million euro to expand its pharmaceutical glass tubing site in Jambusar, Gujarat, India. The expansion will increase its production capacity in India by more than 30%. It is part of a more than $1 billion investment program through 2025, leveraging the company\'s pharma tubing and packaging business. SCHOTT SCHOTT\'s expansion supports the Indian government\'s vision to become a global pharmaceutical hub. www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglass manufacturing O-I to invest in high-growth markets in Latin America, the U.S., and the U.K. O-I GLASS PLANS TO INVEST $680 MILLION IN PLANT EXPANSIONS O-I Glass announced plans to invest up to $680 million globally to expand its glass packaging capacity. The Perrysburg, Ohio-based company plans to add up to 700,000 tons of glass packaging capacity by adding up to 11 lines of its Modular Advanced Glass Manufacturing Asset (MAGMA) production process. The investment will include $100 million to expand one of the company\'s facilities in Colombia, and up to $580 million in targeted markets. HARBISONWALKER SCOUTING SITES FOR A NEW PLANT Harbison Walker International, the largest supplier of refractory products and services in North America, plans to build a manufacturing and service hub for steel customers in the U.S. and substantially increase production of steelmaking products. The facility, which is expected to open as early as the third quarter of 2022, will produce refractories designed for use in low emission electric arc furnaces. The company is assessing site options. Pittsburgh-based HWI has 18 manufacturing plants and 20 global sourcing centers around the world. NUS Funct ate NUS Nobel laureate Novoselov, far left, and National University of Singapore officials announced the launch of a new institute. MATERIALS SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTER INAUGURATED IN SINGAPORE The National University of Singapore (NUS) launched an institute dedicated to the design, synthesis, and application of functional intelligent materials. Co-directed by Nobel-Prize-winning materials scientist Konstantin Novoselov, it will be the sixth research center of excellence in Singapore, and the fourth hosted at NUS. The institute is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education, which is providing funding of S$100 million (roughly US$74 million) and a matching contribution of S$100 million from the university. HERAEUS GROUP PLANS TO ACQUIRE MO-SCI CORP. Heraeus Group, a family-owned portfolio company based in Germany, announced its acquisition of Mo-Sci Corp., a supplier of medical and specialty glass, and ETS Technology Holdings, a provider of innovative wound care technologies. Both Mo-Sci and ETS are located in Rolla, Mo. Mo-Sci was founded by Delbert Day in 1985, and was led by Ted Day, his son, until his passing in September 2020. Heraeus said it plans to keep the existing MoSci team and facilities in Rolla. Heraeus employs 14,800 people in 40 countries. Mo-Sci supplies the medical device industry as well as the aerospace, automotive, and electronics industries. 3 43 4 44 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING WHAT\'S NEXT AFTER A RECORD-SETTING YEAR FOR FOR MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS? By David Holthaus e\'re at the close of one of the most active years in merger and acquisition activity in recent memory, as several factors converged to make it a record-setting year for deals. Low interest rates, a rising stock market, and the availability of capital all contributed to the hot market of 2021, says David Ruf, head of the chemicals and materials investment banking practice at KeyBanc Capital Markets. The biggest factor was COVID-disrupted 2020, he says. The deep uncertainty caused by the global pandemic led to business being put on hold. \"People were saying, \'I don\'t know if the sky is falling,\' or \'I don\'t know if we still have a world to continue to live in,\"\" he says. \"If I buy something in May 2020, does the world even exist by August?\" Ruf\'s practice generally focuses on deals under $2 billion. Heading into 2021, deal activity that had been suppressed due to the pandemic uncertainty opened up as the economy recovered and again showed signs of stability. \"A lot of things that were scheduled to be sold in 2020 never got sold or didn\'t come to the market in the first place,\" he says. \"As a result, everything that wasn\'t nailed down and everything that wasn\'t for sale or didn\'t come to the market in 2020 was suddenly hitting the market in the second quarter of 2021.\" Pitchbook Data, the Seattle-based company that researches the venture capital, private equity, and merger and acquisition markets, reported that dealmaking through the third quarter of 2021 already broke 2019\'s record for annual deal value, at more than $787 billion. \"The U.S. private equity industry is storming through 2021, smashing records as investors take advantage of a bullish climate, and remain undeterred by the possibility of inflation and interest rate hikes,\" the company wrote in an October analysis. James Bauerle is a cofounder of Renaissance Partners, a Pittsburghbased investment banking and business advisory firm. His firm\'s focus is on middle-market firms-ranging from a few million in sales to $500 million and on the lower middle market-ranging from $1 million to $150 million. He recently assisted Anchor Hocking in the sale of the Paul Wissmach Glass Co., a 117-year-old family-owned business based in West Virginia. He also has witnessed the frothy market for dealmaking. \"It\'s an excellent time to be a seller if you have a good operating business. The multiples that people are paying are as good as they\'ve been in my career of 40 years,\" he says. Austria-based Stoelzle Glass Group purchased a Monaca, Pa. glass factory from the Oneida Group\'s Anchor Hocking Glass Co. in August 2021. Credit: Anchor Hocking Glass Co. www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing In the life cycle of nearly every business there comes a time when the owners reach a crossroads that may demand fundamental decisions: Do we expand or stay the course? Is it time to buy or time to sell? Who\'s next in line to run the business? These questions not only need to address the state of the business but also need to be answered in the context of the marketplace, the economy, and the prospects for the future. Deciding whether and when to sell or buy should be an ongoing topic among business management, Bauerle says. \"People who have companies should be thinking proactively about what their strategy is and whether they should be buying, selling, expanding, or not expanding,\" he says. \"That should be a constant topof-mind point.\" There are many reasons buyers may be looking around. One is to enter new markets, as acquiring can be a quick way to do that if the business to be purchased has built a reliable customer base. David Ruf In August, Austria-based Stoelzle Glass Group announced it had purchased a glass factory in Pennsylvania from Anchor Hocking Glass Co. for an undisclosed amount. It is Stoelzle\'s first glass plant in the U.S., and its first outside of Europe. The acquisition, along with further investment and modernization, will promote the company\'s goal of \"becoming the leading supplier for high-quality glass containers in the United States and North America,\" the company says in a news release. Berlin Packaging, the Milan, Italy-based supplier of glass packaging, has expanded around the world through acquisition. In August, it announced the purchase of The Juvasa Group, a family-owned packaging firm based in Spain. The acquisition \"continues our efforts to expand our presence in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa,\" says Bill Hayes, Berlin Packaging\'s global CEO and president, in a press release. James Bauerle It was Berlin\'s sixth acquisition in the Europe, Middle East, and Africa region in 2021 alone, and its sixteenth since 2016. In February, the company announced the acquisition of Sodis-Uhart, a family-owned glass packaging concern in southern France. It was the company\'s eleventh acquisition in Europe since 2016. \"Expanding our presence in Europe remains a critical objective for us in 2021,\" Hayes said at the time. \"Targeted acquisitions continue to be an important way for us to execute on our strategic growth plans for Europe.\" Kyocera Corp., the global company that supplies components for the auto and electronics industries, and many others, is constantly scanning the horizon for partnerships, some of which may eventually become acquisitions. \"Kyocera is absolutely interested in new technologies and new companies,\" says Mark Wolf, vice president of Kyocera\'s Fine Ceramics Group. Kyocera prefers to work with smaller companies as suppliers or possibly in joint ventures first before considering an acquisition. \"We really like to work with companies first to get to know them before we do anything else,\" Wolf says. That way, company leaders can determine whether a tie-up will gel before making a bigger investment. In January, Kyocera completed the acquisition of SLD Laser, a California-based tech company that was started in 2013 by Nobel laureate in physics Shuji Nakamura. SLD had commercialized gallium nitride-based laser light sources that can be used in the production of fine ceramics and in other applications. \"We know innovation is happening across the world,\" Wolf says. \"People are going to come up with ideas and exploit those, and Kyocera is interested in those ideas.\" Other recent Kyocera acquisitions include its purchase in 2019 of H.C. Starck Ceramics, an advanced ceramics manufacturer and sales company based in Selb, Germany. That deal gave Kyocera its first ceramic manufacturing facility in Europe, and it brought with it a new processing technology that enabled the production of high-rigidity, large, complex-shaped materials. Later that year, Kyocera expanded its presence in Europe with the acquisition of the advanced ceramics business of Friatec GmbH, a 156-yearold business based in Mannheim, Germany. Private equity firms are often looking to buy or invest in companies with leading-edge technology and superior products, and they have the capital to do that. \"There\'s more than $2 trillion of private equity that\'s looking for a home and good deals,\" Bauerle says. Artemis Capital Partners, a Boston-based private equity firm, bought Superior Technical Ceramics in 2018, citing STC\'s technical advantages in materials and processes, its engineering expertise, and its customer-centric culture, \"the hallmarks of scalable growth,\" the firm said when it announced the deal. Vermont-based STC was founded in 1898 and provides advanced ceramic products used in a range of applications. Sometimes a family-owned company will transition after a generational event. Mo-Sci Corp. was founded in 1985 by Delbert Day to 5 45 6 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING ETS Technologies\' first product, a synthetic skin substitute. Credit: ETS Technologies develop and supply specialty glass and ceramic products for specific market applications. The company grew into a leading supplier to the medical device industry with glass microspheres, fibers, and powders. It also provides sealing glass and test services for the aerospace, automotive, and electronics industries. The company was led by Ted Day, Delbert\'s son, until he passed away in September 2020 at the age of 59. A year later, Mo-Sci announced it would be acquired by the Heraeus Group, a large portfolio company based in Hanau, Germany. Heraeus is a global Fortune 500 company whose roots date to a family pharmacy started in the 17th century. Today, the Heraeus Group includes businesses in the environmental, electronics, health, and industrial applications sectors. The acquisition also included ETS Technology Holdings, a company founded in 2012 to develop and commercialize a novel, borate-based bioactive glass technology platform for wound care. \"Mo-Sci and Heraeus have been in contact for many years, and prior to his passing, Ted identified Heraeus as a preferred partner to take Mo-Sci and ETS to the next stage of development,\" says Kimberly Day, the owner of both companies, in a press release. With 2021 merger and acquisition activity setting records, what does that mean for 2022? KeyBanc\'s Ruf expects dealmaking to continue to be robust, but perhaps drop off slightly following this year\'s torrid market. \"I would expect a slightly lower volume of M&A [mergers and acquisitions] in Q1, just because we had everything being pushed through in 2021,\" he says. He expects capital to continue to be readily available for borrowing, and interest rates to remain low. The big question, he says, is what will happen to tax rates if a big spending package is passed by Congress. The tax rates on capital gains could go up significantly, he explains, which might make prospective sellers wait. Or conversely, it could make them jump into the market before any new rates take effect. There are several tailwinds that could help propel a robust market in 2022, according to a September report from UBS Global Wealth Management. They are • Low interest rates and government stimulus packages that are still working their way through the economy, • Record levels of capital available in both the private and public markets, • Pent-up supply and demand from both sellers and buyers, • The feeling that the worst may be behind us as it relates to the pandemic, and • Possibly speeding up exit planning due to uncertainty related to capital gains and corporate taxes. \"Companies that performed well over the COVID period are trading at attractive valuation levels and are in demand by buyers,\" says Alan Felder of UBS Investment Bank. Companies planning to sell should review their operations and get them in shape before going out on the market, Bauerle says. \"It\'s no different than selling your house,\" he says. \"You want a house that people look at and say that\'s a house that I\'d like to live in and I\'ll pay fair value for.\" Steps to take could include reviewing senior management and making sure the right people are in the right roles, and creating a succession plan. Bauerle recommended finding an independent set of eyes to evaluate the business to determine what value could be expected in a sale, and what needs to be done to tune up the enterprise, both operationally and financially. Ruf advises sellers to prepare well and prepare deeply because momentum matters in a deal. If the seller needs to gather information while the deal is in process, a delay could raise doubts, he says. \"Invariably, everybody\'s going to wonder why the process slowed down, what problem is occurring,\" he says. Crafting the story of the business and describing what sets it apart from others in the field is critical, he says. That includes describing the quality of the customer base, the product differentiation, intellectual property, and the speed and quality of service. \"We spend a lot of time with management in advance of doing anything in the capital markets, months and months of gathering data, refining the story, putting that into a single package that makes sense,\" he says. Decades of working with small- to midsized manufacturers like the Paul Wissmach Glass Co., whose colored glass is shipped from Paden City, W.Va., to customers around the globe, has shown Bauerle what their story is: \"It\'s people who know how to do what they do, and go about it without a lot of fanfare, and whose products are valued all over the world.\" And that\'s something to take to the bank any day. 46 46 www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing STONY BROOK\'S CENTER FOR THERMAL SPRAY RESEARCH CELEBRATES A MILESTONE 7 T he Center for Thermal Spray Research (CTSR) at Stony Brook University (Stony Brook, N.Y.) has reached the significant milestone of 25 years. The Center was established in 1996 when a team led by professor Herbert Herman, along with professors Christopher Berndt and Sanjay Sampath, converted a fledgling but successful academic activity in thermal spray materials processing into a major, multidisciplinary materials research program. A multiyear, $4 million grant from the National Science Foundation Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) program provided the necessary support. The team\'s premise was that thermal spray allows materials to be synthesized from extreme conditions with novel microstructures that allow important functionalities in engineering systems. The research included contributions from scientists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, who applied small-angle, X-ray and neutron scattering to study porosity and interfaces in layered materials. A parallel effort used neutrons to conduct depth profiles of residual stresses. Working with colleagues at MIT, studying the mechanics of layered, defected materials offered new insights into the mechanical behavior of nontraditional materials systems. A partnership with the Stony Brook Geoscience Department allowed examination of the role of the high pressures generated during impact formation of metastable materials. Researchers also studied particle dynamics both during the melting and deposition phases. NSF renewed the program for a second, five-year term to expand into new strategies including studies of liquid feedstock to synthesize novel chemistries, and applications of the process into electronic, magnetic, and sensor functions. An Industrial Consortium for Thermal Spray Technology was established in 2002 with 10 companies, which allowed knowledge transfer from fundamental research to industrial practice. The Consortium continues to thrive today with 30 contributing members. Consortium for Thermal Spray Technology Solar Turbines Honeywell A Caterpillar Company MITSUBISHI AFRL AEROJET ROCKETDYNE <NGAN AEROSPACE Lincotek Surface Solutions Pratt & Whitney CHROMALLOY Sandia National Laboratories CTS DEVCO APPLIED MATERIALS CATERPILLAR Lam R RESEARCH Stony Brook University DOOSAN NHK INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION SSAFRAN cerlikon camfil COORSTEK FARR OAK RIDGE Höganäs SAINT-GOBAIN PRAXAIR GTP Consortium is operated by the Center for Thermal Spray Research at Stony Brook University The Center\'s output is significant: some 50 Ph.D. students, 40 M.S. students, and 30 postdoctoral researchers were trained. Hundreds of undergraduates learned to handle complex materials processing equipment and characterization methods. More than 500 K-12 students Thermal spray rig at CTSR. Credit: Ashton Worthington Photography participated in field trips. The Center\'s results include more than 400 refereed publications, 12 book chapters, seven patents, and three licenses. CTSR plans a celebratory workshop in 2022 to mark this milestone, which coincides with the 20th anniversary of the Consortium partnership. For more information, visit www.stonybrook.edu/ctsr or contact Sanjay Sampath at sanjay.sampath@stonybrook.edu or 631-632-8480. ▼ 47 8 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING ELCON-UC DAVIS PARTNERSHIP INVESTIGATES DISCOLORATION OF HIGH-CALCIA ALUMINA A s a high-tech manufacturing company that produces precision components for critical applications in several industries, Elcon Precision (San Jose, Calif.) is always investing in new technologies and developing better processes to not only meet customer specifications but also satisfy scientific curiosity. One puzzle that Elcon has encountered for many years is discoloration of some alumina compositions during ceramic metallization, a service that Elcon offers. In this process, a proprietary thick film moly-manganese paint is applied to bare ceramic substrates to prepare them for subsequent brazing into assemblies. After metallization, parts undergo wet hydrogen firing at around 1,400°C. For aluminas with high calcia concentrations (1-2%), greyish discoloration is often observed on the surface of the ceramic (Fig. 1). This phenomenon is often called nucleation. Although nucleation does not reduce bond strength or affect the part\'s physical or electrical properties, it is a cosmetic issue many customers prefer to avoid. Yet, to our knowledge, there is no published research on why this discoloration only occurs in certain aluminas and how it can be prevented. In the spring of 2021, Elcon had the opportunity to investigate this question when a team of undergraduate students at the University of California, Davis, reached out to Elcon to collaborate on a project. Rebecca Salcedo, Elcon\'s process engineer, and Tim Dyer, Elcon\'s president, agreed to support a project with six students from professor Subhash Risbud\'s EMS 188 course: Rachel Altovar, Clayton Braga, Miranda Bell, Nicole Shuman, Ethan Suwandi, and Jiaying Li. Thickness: 0.25 inches Diameter: 0.86 inches Figure 1. Alumina sample exhibiting light nucleation and discoloration after first metallizing fire. Metallization on left, discoloration of bare ceramic on right. Credit: Elcon Precision By Tim Dyer and Nikki Do The students were excited to explore the question of nucleation and discoloration in high calcia alumina. As Shuman explains, \"although our courses discussed topics such as viscosity and brittleness, there weren\'t any courses where we focused on ceramics or polymers. The attraction for all of us with this project was the opportunity to broaden our knowledge and skills working with ceramics.\" The team took to the project enthusiastically and, with a 10-week project timeline, assigned roles best suited to their strengths-project manager, literature research, material characterization, computer modeling, and experimental design. The team focused on 97% and 97.5% aluminas from two different manufacturers that had 1-2% calcia concentration. Commonly used in defense and electronics applications, these aluminas contain calcia because the calcia acts as an alumina flux and reduces the sintering temperature significantly by formation of a calcia-alumina eutectic, which in turn reduces firing cycle times. At Elcon, it often takes one to two weeks to get a sample run for a research and development project because resources are reserved for production. However, that approach would not have worked if the project was to meet its deadline, so the Davis team decided to start with computational modeling. \"Modeling allows you to test things before they actually happen,\" Suwandi says. In the case of ceramic microstructures, which are very complicated systems, understanding the composition of the material and its reactive properties under simulated conditions can pave the way to running much faster and smoother experiments. To develop an accurate model, the team reviewed academic papers by Klaus et al.,\' investigating the phase formation and thermal stability of the Cao-Al2O3-MgO system under different sintering temperatures and times. These papers showed that the ternary hexa-aluminate phases CAM I (C₂MA) and CAM II (CMA) can form at a narrow temperature range of 1,400–1,700°C. In addition, Martinez et al.² found that hibonite can form as well in calcia-containing alumina materials processed between 1,150–1,500°C. These phases function as an interlock in the alumina matrix and strengthen the bonds of compounds, enhancing the substrate\'s thermal and mechanical properties. This microstructure observation of an aluminate ceramic system under different sintering temperatures and times pointed the team to consider these factors as the cause of discoloration. 48 www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing The team used Thermo-Calc, a modeling and prediction tool commonly used in industry, in conjunction with CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) to produce high-resolution phase diagrams (Fig. 2). CALPHAD uses a database of experimental and theoretical values including phase compositions at equilibrium to calculate the Gibbs free energy for a specific phase. Though Thermo-Calc hosts a robust methodology and database, there is little to no experimental data available for the ternary ceramic systems being analyzed. Using Thermo-Calc Python, the team rewrote the script to add flexibility to defining the phase boundaries and necessary kinetics. Having multiple sophisticated resources and systems provided by the university allowed the team to quickly adapt to the project\'s needs. Armed with this set of tools, the modeling team input compositions for the high calcia alumina samples (Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO) into the program using the metal oxide ceramics database.³ Modeling was performed in both atmospheric (1 atm) and vacuum conditions (1 x 10-7 atm) with a temperature range of 200°C to 1,750°C to create ternary phase diagrams. Alumina samples included both discs and thin boards of 97.5% alumina (Sample A) and 97% alumina (Sample B). Several relevant phases were identified in the high calcia alumina models, including • Corundum (Al₂O): Dominant phase. Colorless. • Anorthite (CaO • Al2O3 • 2SiO₂): Forms in most phase regions. White to grayish. • Hibonite (CaO • 6 Al₂O): Forms in both samples above ~1,000°C. Brownish/black • Mullite (AlSi̟O̟₁3): Forms in phase regions adjacent to 97% alumina at all temperatures. Colorless, but other technical ceramic papers show a graying effect around 1,400°C. A significant finding from these phase diagrams was that hibonite developed in the firing temperature range where the surface discoloration occurs. Hibonite is an alumina-calcia phase that is known for forming brown and grey colors between 1,150–1,500°C.² Furthermore, due to composition variations, the calcia-containing alumina samples have the disposition to form both mullite and hibonite. These findings led the team to form an early hypothesis that the discoloration was due to hibonite and/or mullite formation at temperatures above 1,000°C. The team used these phase diagrams, the literature review, and historical production data provided by Elcon to design their experiments around this hypothesis. Designing the investigation around the phase diagrams and material compositions allowed the team to have a more directed approach while also applying their theoretical knowledge to a relevant experiment. Suwandi says that \"Within the simulation and microstructure characterization research that I do, there\'s a propensity for computational Mass Fraction: Cao 008 Al2O3.SIO2-CaO-O2-1050C QUE 0.04 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.05 IN 8.09 8.10 Mass Fraction: SiO2 Figure 2. Phase diagram produced using Thermo-Calc for high-calcia alumina at 1,050°C and a pressure of 1 ATM (760 Torr). Credit: Elcon Precision people to get stuck in their own world. Although you\'re dealing with complex models, at the end of the day, if they\'re not implemented into an experimental setting or connected to one, it kind of exists on its own. This project allowed us to apply these models to industry and pushed me onto a more specialized path, which consists of microstructure characterization and reconstruction.\" Conducted at Elcon Precision and Prairie Ceramics (San Leandro, Calif.), the experiment consisted of making adjustments in the thermal profiles, i.e., various holds under high temperatures, quenching the ceramics with rapid and slow cooling rates, and subjecting the substrates to different heat treatments. In addition, thin 99.9% pure alumina boards were painted using mixed silica and calcia glazes to serve as proxy samples to study the phase composition of the ceramic surfaces over a wide range of chemistries (Fig. 3). Lastly, there were a few trials in which the alumina disks were coated with a pure calcia wash, manipulating the surface composition. It is important to not only understand the phases present in the ceramics, but to also understand the phase dependence and the properties of each phase. This understanding can be accomplished with tools such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Using these methods can shed light on the origins and properties of the discoloration such as phase, thermostability, and temperature dependence. To understand the different phases present before and after metallization sintering, the alumina Figure 3. Ring sample cross sections demonstrating nucleation-based discoloration extending far below the original surface. Credit: Elcon Precision 9 49 50 50 10 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING 1700CC Intensity 1600 Sample B Corundum 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 50 60 20 (degree) Figure 4. XRD diffraction data shown with overlapping peaks of sample A (97.5%) fired at 1,700°C with corundum. Credit: Elcon Precision samples were characterized through XRD and SEM carried out in the Advanced Materials Characterization and Testing Laboratory at UC Davis. The unmetallized ceramic contains four major ternary compounds: gehlenite (Ca₂AlSiO), anorthite (CaAl₂S₁₂O), clinopyroxene (CaAlSiO), and grossular (Ca¸Al¿Si̟¸O₁).4 The diffraction patterns of the alumina samples generated by XRD were compared with the expected phase\'s diffraction patterns to determine the phases existing in the samples. Diffraction patterns produced for sample A (97.5%) at 1,700°C and sample B (97%) fired at 1,450°C matched almost perfectly with that of corundum, suggesting that corundum is the major phase present (Figs. 4 and 5). Because it is a very common phase, identifying it prompts the hypothesis that a small amount of another phase is influencing the nucleation-based discoloration. To improve XRD characterization of potential phase formation above 1,200°C, 99% alumina substrates were painted with a calcia-silica wash and then analyzed after metallization sintering. The diffraction patterns of some samples lined up closely with that of hibonite. This finding lends some support to the hypothesis that hibonite formed at specific temperatures, causing the discoloration. SEM analysis of each alumina sample identified possible phases present on the surface. Based on these results, potential minority phases were identified anorthite, mullite, and hibonite. These findings correlated with the phase diagrams generated from Thermo-Calc and also supports the hibonite formation hypothesis. The team discovered that the discoloration created by metallization firing could be cleared by air sintering above 1,700°C followed by rapid cooling. A possible explanation for this solution is that hibonite is kinetically outcompeted by anorthite and corundum grain growth, possibly altering the local composition faster than hibonite can form. Though the team accomplished the goal of exploring and disentangling the nucleation-based discoloration phenomenon, this academic-industry partnership sparked an even more significant realization. The culmination of literature reviews, computational modeling and characterization, and Figure 5. XRD diffraction data shown with overlapping peaks of sample B (97%) fired at 1,450°C with corundum. Credit: Elcon Precision practical experiments not only accelerated learning, but it is a powerful problem-solving strategy that many companies still overlook. This team showed that using skills and expertise from both universities and companies collaboratively can improve materials processing performance. When the students were asked what they wished to see more of regarding academic-industry partnerships in the future, Braga says he would \"like to see more companies branch out and use university hires.\" Supporting that, Suwandi believes that \"there are a lot of opportunities for small companies, especially in the materials industry,\" that should leverage the fact that \"our curriculum is very theoretical, so we lack industry experience.\" Suwandi adds that this project gave them an \"experience with an entirely different set of rules and expectations than what goes on in the research side in a lab.\" ▼ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A huge thank you to Prairie Ceramics for allowing the team to use their facility, and to Subhash Risbud for connecting his students to collaborate with us. ABOUT THE AUTHORS Tim Dyer is president and Nikki Do is marketing and sales analyst at Elcon Precision, LLC. Should the readers have any questions, contact Dyer at timd@elconprecision.com or Do at nikkid@elconprecision.com. REFERENCES 1. Klaus, S., Buhr, A. et al., \"Formation of hexa-aluminate solid solution phases in spinel containing castables-mineralogical investigations in the system CaO-Al203-MgO,\" 62nd International Colloquium on Refractories, 2019. 2. Tomba Martinez, A., Luz, A., Braulio, M., & Pandolfelli, V. (2015), \"CA6 impact on the corrosion behavior of cement-bonded spinel-containing refractory castables: An analysis based on thermodynamic simulations,\" Ceramics International, 41(3), 4714-4725. 3. American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. [Online]. Accessed Oct. 3, 2021. Available from http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/amcsd.php. 4. Mao, Huahai & Hillert, Mats & Selleby, Malin & Sundman, Bo. (2006), \"Thermodynamicassessment of the CaO–Al203-SiO2 system,\" Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 89, 298–308. www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing OPTICAL GLASS: ADVANCED ROTARY SURFACE GRINDERS DELIVER MORE POSSIBILITIES AND TIGHTER TOLERANCES By Carlo Chatman, Power PR To combat the loss of seasoned operators to retirement, glass job shops are turning to more modern automated surface grinders. Older flat glass grinding equipment has limited mechanical controls and can require significant expertise, as well as time and labor to accomplish a task. For instance, such machines often use large wheels and dials to control the grinder\'s movement, meaning that the soft touch of an expert machinist is required to run them instead of programmable machine controls. However, experienced operators who can successfully run such equipment are in increasingly short supply, and this shortage presents challenges to companies that rely on the older equipment. \"When I started almost 20 years ago, we were still using old, rotary surface grinders from the 1940s and \'50s. They are tried-and-true, but not very accurate without an experienced machinist using them,\" says Brennan Cipro, chief engineer of Worcester, Mass.-based Howard Glass Company, which specializes in glass grinding and polishing for industries such as optics, biomedical, electronics, and aerospace. Howard Glass focuses on 2D glass shapes, so factors such as thickness, parallelism, and surface condition are very important. Cipro notes that the glass materials provided by factories have varying degrees of standard thickness, meaning that glass materials often must be ground to smaller, precise dimensions. When using older grinding equipment, achieving such precision often requires the use of another machine to provide the final grind and polish, which adds hours to the fabrication process and contributes to inefficient production. Modern automated rotary surface grinders offer advanced sensors and controls that can reliably achieve tighter dimensional tolerances, flatness, parallelism, and surface finish in much less time. The equipment can be used to grind flat glass to precise dimensions before polishing, significantly reducing intermediate lapping steps as well as preventing breakage of what is often a high-value product. \"The possibilities are endless with the new automated grinders,\" says Cipro. \"Operators can enter the specific requirements, for example, 712 RPMs on the spindle, 22 RPMs on the table, with a down-feed rate of 0.003 inches a minute, with a certain dwell cycle. Essentially, operators can program the machine to do whatever they want.\" Three years ago, Howard Glass had the opportunity to purchase a used, vertical spindle rotary table surface grinder from another shop that had completed a project and no longer needed it. The IG 280 SD from Winona, Minn.-based DCM Tech, a designer and builder of industrial rotary surface grinders, has a 24-inch, variable speed table and a 20-horsepower, variable speed grinding spindle motor. YOUR VALUABLE PARTNER IN MATERIAL SCIENCE •Alumina •Sapphire ⚫Quartz ⚫Boron Nitride Alumina Sapphire Quartz Boron Nitride •High Purity Powders High Purity Powders ⚫Laser Marking Machine ⚫Laser Machining Http://www.advaluetech.com Tel-520-514-1100, F-520-747-4024 Email: sales@advaluetech.com 3158 S. Chrysler Ave., Tucson, AZ 85713, U.S.A A Laser Machining AdValue Technology Laser Marking Machine 11 51 52 12 DCME CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING Modern rotary surface grinders like those from DCM Tech offer advanced sensors and controls that can reliably achieve tighter dimensional tolerances, flatness, parallelism, and surface finish in much less time. Credit: DCM Tech In this machine, grinding is not performed by the peripheral edge of the wheel but rather by the entire diameter of the abrasive surface. In addition, digital technology allows for an interface with easy-to-use touchscreen controls. When combined with automation, the surface grinder operators no longer need to be highly trained individuals. \"The IG 280 from DCM Tech had a digital readout, memory, and could remember where \'zero\' was, so it was an important upgrade that helped with efficiency, accuracy, and surface finish,\" Cipro says. \"It enabled us to grind the glass very close to the final dimensions, so only a tiny bit had to be removed in the polishing process, which saves tremendous time.\" After a decades-old traditional surface grinder stopped working, Howard Glass decided to invest in a new IG 280, and shortly thereafter a larger format IG 380, which comes with a 36-inch, variable speed table and a 30-horsepower spindle motor. Cipro says he was immediately impressed with the automation and refinements made by DCM since the early version of the IG 280. One example of innovation involves the automation of the initial contact between the wheel and the part. Traditionally, this contact had to be finessed by the operator, but with the new machine, the advanced sensor technology senses vibration. In addition, it automatically finetunes not only the pressure of the spindle motor but also how quickly it moves the abrasive wheel down onto the part. When the machine senses the abrasive wheel has contacted the part, it automatically begins the grind cycle, which helps to minimize the potential breakage of sensitive glass or crystal parts. This capability is important in loud manufacturing facilities where operators cannot rely on listening for the sound of initial contact between the abrasive wheel and the part. Given that many such parts are high value, an operator coming in too aggressively and breaking a part can cost the company hundreds or thousands of dollars. \"I was amazed at the refinements and tighter tolerances now possible,\" Cipro says. \"Previously, when precision down to ten-thousandths of an inch was required, it could take three hours to remove the excess on our interim machine. Now, we can grind down to ten-thousandths of an inch quickly and effortlessly without extra steps.\" DCM Tech automated rotary surface grinders can be used to grind flat glass to precise dimensions before polishing, significantly reducing intermediate lapping steps as well as preventing breakage of what is often a high-value product. Above, glass discs before and after grinding. Credit: DCM Tech In addition to reducing the needed number of finishing steps, the process repeatably achieves high throughput and eliminates variability, which enables job shops to achieve high-quality final parts, batch after batch. Making parts in less time does no one any good if half of the parts do not pass the final inspection and cannot be used. So, the more job shops can optimize the upfront glass grinding process, the less polish time is required, thus improving not only the cycle time but also lowering costs and increasing revenue. Perhaps even more important to Howard Glass were improvements in flexible processing that allow operators to enter virtually any requirement into a touch screen with programmable human machine interface controls. Cipro adds that, with this kind of flexibility, if a piece of glass breaks, it is easy to back any factor down a little to prevent the issue from reoccurring. He points out that for routine processes, the use of different grind \"recipes,\" with sets of parameters for specific parts, can further speed production, enhance quality, and aid in quick changeover. \"If the glass is a little off in the first pass, the DCM grinder can be programmed to take corrective actions on subsequent passes. There is no need to pick up the glass and measure it after every move, as with older machines,\" he says. As the tolerances for glass and crystal grinding become stricter and production requirements more demanding, job shops that take advantage of advanced, automated rotary surface grinders will stay competitive even as experienced operators retire. \"Every day I hear my operators discussing ways to improve our glass grinding process because of the versatility of the advanced equipment. We are still discovering its potential,\" concludes Cipro. For more information, visit www.dcm-tech.com or send an email to info@dcm-tech.com. DCM Tech retains copyright for all text and images contained in this article. ▼ www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing ADVERTISERS DECEMBER 2021 VOLUME 2 • ISSUE 4 ADVERTISERS AdValue Technology www.advaluetech.com 51 (C&GM 11) VOLUME 2 INDEX Ceramic Glass MANUFACTURING Alfred University www.alfred.edu/cact 40 (C&GM Inside front cover) Issue April 2021 Theme Additive manufacturing: Where are the opportunities? American Elements www.americanelements.com 54 (C&GM Outside back cover) June/July 2021 Pandemic lessons a year later September 2021 Productive partnering with industry, academia, and government December 2021 Navigating acquisitions LOOKING FOR A WAY TO REACH CERAMIC AND GLASS INDUSTRY DECISION MAKERS? ON A CONSISTENT BASIS? WITH A SMALL BUDGET? Contact our advertising sales team today! Advertising Sales Mona Thiel, National Sales Director mthiel@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5834 fx: 614-899-6109 Ensure you get every issue! 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Wilson pwilson@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5826 fx: 614-942-5607 Europe Richard Rozelaar media@alaincharles.com ph: 44-(0)-20-7834-7676 fx: 44-(0)-20-7973-0076 13 53 田 AMERICAN ELEMENTS THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURER Ⓡ fused quartz europium phosphors H Hydrogen yttrium iron garnet glassy carbon beamsplitters photonics piezoceramics additive manufacturing III-IV semiconductors transparent conductive oxides sol-gel process Be B C N raman substrates barium fluoride Boron 12.0107 Carbon 14.0067 Nitrogen 15.9994 Oxygen zeolite anod oxides TiCN ZnS 19 55 87 Li 6.941 Lithium Na 22.98976928 Sodium K 39.0983 Potassium 12 20 9.012182 Beryllium Mg 24.305 Magnesium Ca 40.078 Calcium 21 Sc 44.955912 Scandium 22 sapphire windows Ti anti-ballistic V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni C Cu 47.867 Titanium 50.9415 Vanadium 51.9961 Chromium 43 54.938045 Manganese Rb 85.4678 Rubidium 38 Sr 87.62 Strontium 39 Y 88.90585 Yttrium Zr 91.224 Zirconium Nb Mo Tc 92.90638 Niobium Molybdenum (98.0) Technetium 56 Cs Ba 132.9064 Cesium Fr (223) Francium Si3N4 88 57 La 72 137.327 Barium 138.90547 Lanthanum 104 Ra Ac (226) Radium quantum dots Hf 178.48 Hafnium 73 105 Ta 180.9488 Tantalum 74 106 75 ΑΙ 26.9815386 Aluminum Ga Zn 55.845 Iron 58.933195 Cobalt 58.6934 Nickel 63.546 Copper 66.38 Zinc 69.723 Gallium 44 Ru 76 101.07 Ruthenium 77 Rh Pd 102.9055 Rhodium 106.42 Palladium W Re Os Ir 183.84 Tungsten 107 186.207 Rhenium 190.23 Osmium Rf Db Sg Bh Hs 109 192.217 Iridium 110 279 Ag Cd In 107.8682 Silver 280 112.411 Cadmium Pt Au Hg 195.084 Platinum 2 111 196.966569 Gold 112 200.59 Mercury 81 113 114.818 Indium TI 204.3833 Thallium 2 82 Si 28.0856 Silicon 15 33 bioimplants P 30.973762 Phosphorus Ge As 72.64 Germanium Sn 118.71 Tin Pb 207.2 Lead Ds Rg Cn Nh 114 FI 51 74.9216 Arsenic Sb 121.76 Antimony Bi 208.9804 Bismuth 34 S 32.065 Sulfur F 18.9984032 Fluorine CI 35.453 Chlorine Br 35 Se 78.96 Selenium 79.904 Bromine Te Tellurium 85 126.90447 lodine Po At (209) Polonium 115 116 Mc Lv (210) Astatine 117 Mt Ts (227) Actinium (267) Rutherfordium (268) Dubnium (271) Seaborglum (272) Bohrium (270) Hassium (276) Meitnerium (281) Darmstadtium (280) Roentgenium (285) Copernicium (284) Nihonium (289) Flerovium (288) Moscovium (293) Livermorium epitaxial crystal growth Ce 140.116 Cerium 60 Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu 140.90765 Praseodymium 91 92 144.242 Neodymium 93 (145) Promethium 94 150.36 Samarium 95 151.964 Europium 96 cerium oxide polishing powder Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb 157.25 Gadolinium 97 158.92535 Terbium 162.5 Dysprosium 164.93032 Holmium 100 167.259 Erbium 101 168.93421 Thulium Lu 31 (294) Tennessine 10 18 36 118 He 4.002602 Helium Ne 20.1797 Neon Ar 39.948 Argon Kr 83.798 Krypton Xe 131.293 Xenon Rn (222) Radon 09 (294) Oganesson ITO YSZ ribbons silicates termet h-BN InGaAs rutile 173.054 Ytterbium 174.9668 Lutetium spintronics 102 103 Cf Lr 232.03806 Thorium 231.03588 Protactinium 238.02891 Uranium (237) Neptunium (244) Plutonium (243) Americium (247) Curium (247) Berkelium (251) Californium (252) Einsteinium (257) Fermium (258) Mendelevium (259) Nobellum (262) Lawrenclum Th Pa Np Pu Am Cm Bk 99 Es Fm Md No transparent ceramics SiALON GDC scintillation Ce:YAG sputtering targets deposition slugs MBE grade materials lithium niobate magnesia thin film chalcogenides superconductors nanodispersions fuel cell materials TM YBCO perovskites laser crystals CVD precursors Now Invent. 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American Elements is a U.S.Registered Trademark resources Calendar of events December 2021 1-4 ICAPMA-JMAG (Joint International Conference on Applied Physics and Materials Applications & Applied Magnetism and Ferroelectrics) - Nongnooch Pattaya International Convention and Exhibition Center (NICE), Pattaya, Thailand; https:// www.matscitech-thailand.com/2021/ index.php 12-17 14th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology (PACRIM 14) including Glass & Optical Materials Division 2021 Annual Meeting (GOMD 2021) VIRTUAL EVENT ONLY; https://ceramics.org/pacrim14 13-14 85th Annual Session of the Indian Ceramic Society presents Advances in Ceramics & Cement Technologies: Materials & Manufacturing VIRTUAL EVENT ONLY; http://www.icskc.in January 2022 18-21 Electronic Materials and Applications 2022 (EMA 2022) DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando at Sea World Conference Hotel, Orlando, Fla.; https://ceramics. org/ema2022 - HYBRID EVENT 23-28 46th International Conference and Expo on Advanced Ceramics and Composites (ICACC2022) - Hilton Daytona Beach Oceanfront Resort, Daytona Beach, Fla.; https://ceramics.org/icacc2022 HYBRID EVENT March 2022 9-10 Sustainable Industrial Manufacturing (SIM) - Brussels, Belgium; https://sustainableindustrial manufacturing.com/europe 15-18 17th Biennial Worldwide Congress Unified International Technical Conference on Refractories Hilton Chicago, Chicago, III.; https://ceramics.org/unitecr2021 May 2022 9-12 ACerS 2022 Structural Clay Products Division & Southwest Section Meeting in conjunction with the National Brick Research Center Meeting Omni Charlotte Hotel, Charlotte, N.C.; https://ceramics.org/scpd2022 CLASS North American Steering Comm 22-26 Glass & Optical Materials Division Annual Meeting (GOMD 2022) - Hyatt Regency Baltimore, Baltimore, Md.; https://ceramics.org/gomd2022 June 2022 13-15 12th Advances in CementBased Materials (Cements 2022) University of California, Irvine; https://ceramics.org/cements2022 21-22 ceramitec 2022 - Munich, Germany; https://www.ceramitec.com/ en/trade-fair/information/exhibitionsectors July 2022 3-8 GLA ICG Annual Meeting 2022 Berlin, Germany; https://ceramics.org/event/ icg-annual-meeting-2022 10-14 International Congress on Ceramics (ICC9) – Krakow, Poland; https://ceramics.org/event/international -congress-on-ceramics-icc9 24-28 Pan American Ceramics Congress and Ferroelectrics Meeting of Americas (PACC-FMAS 2022) Hilton Panama, Panama City, Panama; https://ceramics.org/PACCFMAS October 2022 CLA North American Steering Commit 14-19 ACerS 124th Annual Meeting with Materials Science & Technology 2022 David L. Lawrence Convention Center, Pittsburgh, Pa.; https:// ceramics.org/event/acers-124thannual-meeting-with-materialsscience-technology-2022 August 2023 NEW DATE 27-31 The International Conference on Sintering 2023 (Sintering 2023) Nagaragawa Convention Center, Gifu, Japan; https://www.sintering2021.org July 2024 14-19 International Congress on Ceramics - Hotel Bonaventure, Montreal, Canada; www.ceramics.org Dates in RED denote new event in this issue. Entries in BLUE denote ACerS events. denotes meetings that ACerS cosponsors, endorses, or otherwise cooperates in organizing. CLA denotes International Year of Glass event denotes virtual meeting American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 55 55 99 56 Call for contributing editors for ACerS-NIST Phase Equilibria Diagrams Program Professors, researchers, retirees, post-docs, and graduate students ... The general editors of the reference series Phase Equilibria Diagrams are in need of individuals from the ceramics community to critically evaluate published articles containing phase equilibria diagrams. Additional contributing editors are needed to edit new phase diagrams and write short commentaries to accompany each phase diagram being added to the reference series. Especially needed are persons knowledgeable in foreign languages including German, French, Russian, Azerbaijani, Chinese, and Japanese. RECOGNITION: The Contributing Editor\'s name will be given at the end of each PED Figure that is published. QUALIFICATIONS: General understanding of the Gibbs phase rule and experimental procedures for determination of phase equilibria diagrams and/or knowledge of theoretical methods to calculate phase diagrams. COMPENSATION for papers covering one chemical system: $150 for the commentary, plus $10 for each diagram. COMPENSATION for papers covering multiple chemical systems: $150 for the first commentary, plus $10 for each diagram. $50 for each additional commentary, plus $10 for each diagram. FOR DETAILS PLEASE CONTACT: Mrs. Kimberly Hill NIST MS 8520 Gaithersburg, Md. 20899-8524, USA 301-975-6009 | phase2@nist.gov The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org classified advertising Career Opportunities QUALITY EXECUTIVE SEARCH, INC. Recruiting and Search Consultants Specializing in Ceramics, Refractories and Metals JOE DRAPCHO (440) 773-5937 www.qualityexec.com E-mail: joedrapcho@yahoo.com GET RESULTS! Advertise in the Bulletin Contact Mona Thiel Ph: 614-794-5834 E-mail: mthiel@ceramics.org NEED TO KNOW WHAT IS GOING ON IN CERAMIC AND GLASS MANUFACTURING? Check out the Ceramic & Glass Manufacturing magazine! In this issue (pages 39 to 54) Look for more business-to-business news in 2022: - April - June/July - September - December Need more information on how to reach this audience? Call Mona Thiel at 614-794-5834 or email mthiel@ceramics.org Statement of Ownership Ownership, Management and Circulation Statement per 39 U.S. Code 3685 for American Ceramic Society Bulletin as filed Sept. 29, 2021, with the U.S. Postal Service. American Ceramic Society Bulletin is published nine times per year (monthly except February, July and November) by The American Ceramic Society, 550 Polaris Parkway, Suite 510, Westerville, Ohio 43082. Publisher is Mark Mecklenborg, and editor is Eileen De Guire. A. Total number of copies (net press run) B. Paid and/or requested circulation 1. Paid/requested outside-county mail subscriptions 2. Paid in-county subscriptions Avg. each issue during previous 12 months 6,959 2,845 Actual no. of single issue nearest filing date 8,011 2,890 none none 3. Sales through dealers and carriers, street vendors, counter sales and other non-USPS paid distribution 1,595 1,723 4. Other classes mailed through the USPS C. Total paid and/or requested circulation D. Free distribution by mail (samples, complimentary and other free) 1. Outside-county 2. In-county none none 4,440 4 613 2,220 3,014 none none 3. Other classes mailed through the USPS none none 4. Free or Nominal Rate Distribution Outside 127 286 the Mail (Carriers or other means) E. Total Free or Nominal Rate Distribution 2,347 3,300 F. Total distribution 6,787 7,913 G. Copies not distributed 57 38 H. Total 6,844 I. Percent paid and/or requested circulation 65.42% 7,951 58.30% NIST CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 ceramicSOURCE Products/Services & Company Directories easy.. Informative. convenient. The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org www.ceramics.org www.ceramicsource.org Products/Services & Company Directories Your Kiln... A CUSTOM FIT! New process, new product? Old kiln no longer fits? When you outgrow your current kiln, call Harrop. Like a fine suit, Harrop kilns are made-to-measure so that they fit your exact needs. Harrop kilns are built to last so that you will enjoy \"wearing\" them for years to come. And like a fine tailor, Harrop old can often alter your kiln so that it fits your current needs. CCSCCCCCCEE CEEEEEECECE¿ Harrop kilns are designed and built at our facility in Columbus, OH. We can install your kiln at your site and provide commissioning and operator training - a true turnkey supplier. Contact Harrop when an \"off-therack\" kiln won\'t do. 1002 ANNIVERSARY 2019 HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com 1.614.231.3621 ceramicSOURCE TABLE OF CONTENTS Directories Education & Resources 89 Products and Services Directory. Additives Advanced Structural & Technical Ceramics Artware Ceramic & Metallic Powders & Materials Clay & Natural Minerals ៦ ១ ឧ ១ ខ ខ Electrical/Electronic Ceramics 90 60 Fabricating & Finishing 91 Glass Products. 95 65 Laboratory Equipment & Supplies . 97 .67 Laboratory Services 98 .73 Materials Preparation, Handling, & Packaging 100 Construction Ceramics 75 Plant Construction, Design, & Engineering 104 Consultants & Services. 75 Porcelain Enamel 104 Custom Ceramics Fabrication & Engineering Services . 80 Refractories 105 Decorating 83 Research Organizations 108 Dinnerware 84 Testing/Evaluation Instruments & Equipment 109 Drying, Firing, & Melting . 84 Company Directory 112 ADVERTISER INDEX AdValue Technology ..... 51 Glen Mills Inc 103 Netzsch Instruments North America . . . . 109 www.advaluetech.com www.glenmills.com www.netzsch.com/en Alfred University 40 Gorka Cement 71 OptiPro Systems, LLC 93 www.alfred.edu/cact www.gorka.us www.optipro.com American Ceramic Society 56, 66, Harper International Corp 77 Oxy-Gon Industries, Inc. 85 www.ceramics.org 9, 111,138 www.harperintl.com www.oxy-gon.com American Elements.. Outside back cover, 54 Harrop Industries Inc 58 Paul O. Abbe, Inc 69 www.americanelements.com www.harropusa.com www.pauloabbe.com Bekeson Glass 96 I Squared R Element Co. Inc 85 Plibrico Company, LLC 105 www.bekeson.com www.isquaredrelement.com www.plibrico.com Bomas Machine Specialties, Inc. 83 II-VI Aerospace & Defense 61 Quality Executive Search Inc 56 www.bomas.com www.iiviad.com www.qualityexec.com Corning Incorporated. Inside back cover Ingredient Masters 101 TevTech LLC 89 www.corning.com www.ingredientmasters.com www.tevtechllc.com Deltech, Inc Inside front cover L&L Special Furnace Co., Inc 87 Trans-Tech, Inc 81 www.deltechfurnaces.com www.llfurnace.com www.skyworksinc.com Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design 75 Mohr Corporation 79 U.S. Borax/Rio Tinto Minerals 73 www.dkfdllc.com www.mohrcorp.com www.usborax.com Gasbarre Powder Compaction 93 Mo-Sci Corporation 95 Verder Scientific 87 www.gasbarre.com www.mo-sci.com www.verder-scientific.com American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 59 ADDITIVES ■ ADDITIVES Acids Ferro-Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Heraeus Quartz UK Ltd UK Hexion Inc OH U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL See ad on page 73 Adhesives Aremco Products Inc NY Arkema Inc PA Dow Corning Corp MI Empower Materials Inc DE Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Hexion Inc OH Master Bond Inc NJ Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Polymer Innovations Inc CA Starfire Systems Inc NY Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Binders Arkema Inc PA BassTech Intl NJ Borregaard LignoTech WI Empower Materials Inc DE Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Hexion Inc OH Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Nyacol Nano Technologies Inc MA Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Refractory Minerals Co Inc PA Shamrock Technologies Inc NJ Tethon 3D NE Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Wesbond Corp DE Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Colorants American Chemet Corp IL Arlimin Industries CO Cancarb Limited Canada Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Hunter Chemical LLC PA Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Keeling & Walker Ltd UK Laguna Clay Co CA Mason Color Works Inc OH RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Sauereisen Inc PA Wistra GmbH Germany Conditioners Borregaard LignoTech WI Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Deflocculants BassTech Intl NJ Borregaard LignoTech WI Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Defoaming Agents Arkema Inc PA Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Zschimmer & Schwarz GA 60 60 Fillers Arkema Inc PA Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC Dow Corning Corp MI Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Hexion Inc OH Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Keeling & Walker Ltd UK Maryland Refractories Co OH Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Polymer Innovations Inc CA RE Carroll Inc PA Sauereisen Inc PA Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Flocculants Hexion Inc OH Wesbond Corp DE Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Fluxes Fusion Ceramics Inc OH RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL Foaming Agents Arkema Inc PA Hexion Inc OH See ad on page 73 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Fungicides Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Gelling Agents Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Glaze Additives BassTech Intl NJ Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Hexion Inc OH Hunter Chemical LLC PA Keeling & Walker Ltd UK U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Glaze Hardeners Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Croda NJ Hexion Inc OH Novomer Inc MA Polymer Innovations Inc CA SCG Chemicals Co Ltd Thailand Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Polycarbosilane Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Starfire Systems Inc NY Refractory Additives Almatis Inc PA BassTech Intl NJ Borregaard LignoTech WI Cancarb Limited Canada FELDCO Intl CA Free Form Fibers NY Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Hunter Chemical LLC PA Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Refractory Minerals Co Inc PA Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Release Agents BassTech Intl NJ Dow Corning Corp MI Hexion Inc OH Polymer Innovations Inc CA Shamrock Technologies Inc NJ Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Rheological Additives Borregaard LignoTech WI Croda NJ Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Polymer Innovations Inc CA Shamrock Technologies Inc NJ Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Sintering Aids Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC Empower Materials Inc DE North American Hoganas PA See ad on page 73 Nyacol Nano Technologies Inc MA RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Lubricants Arkema Inc PA Boca Bearing Company FL Borregaard LignoTech WI See ad on page 73 Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY RE Carroll Inc PA Shamrock Technologies Inc NJ Superior Graphite Co IL Werner G Smith Inc OH Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Organometallic Precursors RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Plasticizers Arkema Inc PA Borregaard LignoTech WI Polymer Innovations Inc CA Starfire Systems Inc NY Suspending Agents Borregaard LignoTech WI Croda NJ Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Zschimmer & Schwarz GA ZYP Coatings Inc TN Tape-Casting Additives Croda NJ Empower Materials Inc DE Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Polymer Innovations Inc CA Zschimmer & Schwarz GA Tapes Polymer Innovations Inc CA Thickening Agents Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT See ad on page 73 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 ADVANCED STRUCTURAL & TECHNICAL CERAMICS Viscosity Stabilizers Hexion Inc OH Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Norcross Viscosity Controls MI Polymer Innovations Inc CA U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT See ad on page 73 Wetting Agents Croda NJ Polymer Innovations Inc CA Zschimmer & Schwarz GA ■ADVANCED STRUCTURAL & TECHNICAL CERAMICS Adhesives Aremco Products Inc NY Arkema Inc PA CerCo LLC OH CoorsTek CO Denka Corp NY Hexion Inc OH Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Polymer Innovations Inc CA Starfire Systems Inc NY Alumina Products Accuratus Corp NJ Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Limited China AdTech Ceramics TN AdValue Technology LLC AZ See ad on page 51 Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing AZ Almatis Inc PA Alteo NA LLC OH Aremco Products Inc NY Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Bullen OH Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec North America Corp SC CeramTec-ETEC Germany CeraNova Corp MA CerCo LLC OH CoorsTek CO Custom Processing Services PA Denka Corp NY Du-Co Ceramics Company PA EBL Products Inc CT Elcon Precision LLC CA Federal-Mogul MI FELDCO Intl CA Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Ferro-Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Ferrotec Ceramic Products China GrainBound LLC PA Induceramic Canada International Ceramic Engineering MA IPS Ceramics LTD UK Ipsen Ceramics IL Jyoti Ceramic Industries Pvt Ltd India Leico Industries Inc NJ Lithoz GmbH NY Maryland 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Abbe Inc IL See ad on page 69 Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Sauereisen Inc PA Alumina, Calcined Almatis Inc PA Alteo NA LLC OH AluChem Inc OH APF Recycling Inc OH Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC Denka Corp NY Electro Abrasives Corp NY Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Hindalco Industries Limited India Maryland Refractories Co OH Nabaltec AG Germany Nanoe France PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Refractory Minerals Co Inc PA Sauereisen Inc PA Alumina, Fused Alteo NA LLC OH APF Recycling Inc OH Denka Corp NY Electro Abrasives Corp NY GMA Industries Inc MI Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Lithoz GmbH NY McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA Nanoe France Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Alumina, Fused Brown Alteo NA LLC OH APF Recycling Inc OH BassTech Intl NJ Bosai Minerals Group Co Ltd China Electro Abrasives Corp NY GMA Industries Inc MI Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Alumina, Fused White Alteo NA LLC OH APF Recycling Inc OH Electro Abrasives Corp NY Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Sauereisen Inc PA Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Alumina, High-Purity Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Limited China Alteo NA LLC OH AluChem Inc OH APF Recycling Inc OH Applied Ceramics Inc CA Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC CARBO Texas CoorsTek CO Denka Corp NY International Ceramic Engineering MA Ipsen Ceramics IL Lithoz GmbH NY Materion Advanced Materials NY Materion Ceramics AZ Nanoe France PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Pred Materials International Inc NY Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Rauschert Industries Inc GA Sauereisen Inc PA Suntech Advanced Ceramics (Shenzhen) Co Ltd China Valley Design Corp MA Xiamen Unipretec Ceramic Technology Co Ltd China Alumina, Hydrated Almatis Inc PA Alteo NA LLC OH Denka Corp NY Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Hindalco Industries Limited India Nanoe France PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX RE Carroll Inc PA Alumina, Other Grades Almatis Inc PA Alteo NA LLC OH Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC CoorsTek CO Denka Corp NY Hindalco Industries Limited India Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Nanoe France PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Wesbond Corp DE Alumina, Reactive Almatis Inc PA Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC Denka Corp NY Hindalco Industries Limited India Nabaltec AG Germany Nanoe France Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Alumina, Single Crystal Denka Corp NY Nanoe France Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Alumina, Tabular Almatis Inc PA Alteo NA LLC OH AluChem Inc OH APF Recycling Inc OH Denka Corp NY GrainBound LLC PA Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Nanoe France Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Sauereisen Inc PA Alumina, Zirconia Toughened Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Limited China Applied Ceramics Inc CA Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA CerCo LLC OH Denka Corp NY Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Nanocerox UT Nanoe France PicoParts Ltd Israel PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Rauschert Industries Inc GA Sauereisen Inc PA Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Zircoa Inc OH Aluminum & Compounds Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ BassTech Intl NJ Denka Corp NY Hindalco Industries Limited India Leico Industries Inc NJ Refractory Minerals Co Inc PA Valley Design Corp MA Xiamen Unipretec Ceramic Technology Co Ltd China Aluminum Nitride Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Limited China Applied Ceramics Inc CA Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Bullen OH Centerline Technologies MA Denka Corp NY Goodfellow Corp PA International Ceramic Engineering MA North American Hoganas PA Pred Materials International Inc NY Reade Advanced Materials RI Surmet Corp MA Toyal America Inc IL Valley Design Corp MA Aluminum Silicate Goodfellow Corp PA Sauereisen Inc PA Alteo NA LLC OH AluChem Inc OH American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 67 CERAMIC & METALLIC POWDERS & MATERIALS Antimony & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Goodfellow Corp PA Pred Materials International Inc NY Arsenic Oxide Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA Barium & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA American Elements Inc CA BassTech Intl NJ Bosai Minerals Group Co Ltd China CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA GFS Chemicals Inc OH Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Barium Carbonate BassTech Intl NJ Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Hexion Inc OH Barium Titanate AVX Corp SC BassTech Intl NJ New Tech Ceramics Inc IA North American Hoganas PA Neobor borax.com/neobor Outside back cover, 54 U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL See ad on page 73 Boron Carbide Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ CoorsTek CO Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China CerPoTech AS Norway Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Hexion Inc OH nGimat LLC KY Bauxite, Sintered Alteo NA LLC OH Beryllium & Compounds APF Recycling Inc OH Centerline Technologies MA Leico Industries Inc NJ Materion Advanced Materials NY Materion Ceramics AZ Bismuth & Compounds Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH nGimat LLC KY Boric Acid PAULO. ABBE Custom Processing Services PA Denka Corp NY Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China Electro Abrasives Corp NY FELDCO Intl CA Free Form Fibers NY Goodfellow Corp PA North American Hoganas PA Reade Advanced Materials RI Superior Graphite Co IL Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Boron Nitride Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Denka Corp NY Diamorph AB UK FELDCO Intl CA Goodfellow Corp PA International Ceramic Engineering MA Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY North American Hoganas PA Precision Ceramics FL Reade Advanced Materials RI Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Xiamen Unipretec Ceramic Technology Co Ltd China Cadmium & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA FELDCO Intl CA GFS Chemicals Inc OH Hunter Chemical LLC PA Calcium & Compounds C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway Denka Corp NY GFS Chemicals Inc OH Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Calcium Aluminates Almatis Inc PA CerPoTech AS Norway Carbon Fibers Goodfellow Corp PA Carbons, Carbon Black Cancarb Limited Canada Carbons, Diamond Goodfellow Corp PA Carbons, Graphite APF Recycling Inc OH FELDCO Intl CA Goodfellow Corp PA Pred Materials International Inc NY Semco Carbon OH Superior Graphite Co IL Cements Aremco Products Inc NY ESL ElectroScience PA Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Cements, Refractory Almatis Inc PA Aremco Products Inc NY Diamorph AB UK Gorka Cement Poland Kerneos Inc VA Mineral Research Processing France Sauereisen Inc PA Unifrax I LLC NY Cerium & Compounds American Elements Inc CA Arlimin Industries CO CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA GFS Chemicals Inc OH nGimat LLC KY See ad on page 71 Outside back cover, 54 PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Treibacher Industrie AG Austria Cerments www.gorka.us Gorka Cement Poland Chamotte See ad on page 81 GORKA GÓRKA CEMENT since 1912 high-alumina cements calcium aluminate cements See ad on page 71 Chrome & Compounds Arlimin Industries CO Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Gorka Cement Poland See ad on page 71 Mineral Research Processing France nGimat LLC KY www.pauloabbe.com Sauereisen Inc PA Paul O. Abbe Inc IL Sauereisen Inc PA See ad on page 69 Calcium Carbonate Arkema Inc PA U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL See ad on page 73 Fusion Ceramics Inc OH RE Carroll Inc PA Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Boron & Compounds Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Denka Corp NY Electro Abrasives Corp NY FELDCO Intl CA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Unimin Corp CT Calcium Silicate Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Mineral Research Processing France Sauereisen Inc PA 68 Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ CerPoTech AS Norway Hunter Chemical LLC PA Monofrax LLC NY North American Hoganas PA Clay Bodies, Formulated American Art Clay Co Inc IN Imerys GA Laguna Clay Co CA Sheffield Pottery MA Tethon 3D NE Unimin Corp CT www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 CERAMIC & METALLIC POWDERS & MATERIALS Cobalt & Compounds Arlimin Industries CO Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Goodfellow Corp PA Hunter Chemical LLC PA nGimat LLC KY Copper & Compounds American Chemet Corp IL APF Recycling Inc OH Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA CerPoTech AS Norway Goodfellow Corp PA Shoei Chemical Inc Japan Dielectric Powders AVX Corp SC CerPoTech AS Norway Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Haiku Tech Inc FL North American Hoganas PA Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of See ad on page 81 Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Dysprosium Oxide Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway Leico Industries Inc NJ PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Treibacher Industrie AG Austria Electrically Conducting Powders BassTech Intl NJ CerPoTech AS Norway Hunter Chemical LLC PA Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Erbium Oxide C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Leico Industries Inc NJ MSE Supplies AZ PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Treibacher Industrie AG Austria Europium Oxide Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway Leico Industries Inc NJ MSE Supplies AZ PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Treibacher Industrie AG Austria Fibers, Ceramic Free Form Fibers NY MemPro Materials Corp Thermal Products Co Inc GA Unifrax I LLC NY Wesbond Corp DE Fibers, Glass BassTech Intl NJ Mo-Sci Corp MO Gallium & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA American Elements Inc CA Outside back cover, 54 Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China CerPoTech AS Norway Goodfellow Corp PA MSE Supplies AZ Germanium & Compounds See ad on page 95 Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA Outside back cover, 54 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Schott North America Inc NY Unifrax I LLC NY Fluorides BassTech Intl NJ Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Sauereisen Inc PA Frit Ceradyne Inc a 3M Co KY Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Laguna Clay Co CA RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Gadolinium Oxide Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA American Elements Inc CA CerPoTech AS Norway Outside back cover, 54 PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI American Elements Inc CA Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China C&L Development Corp CA MSE Supplies AZ Treibacher Industrie AG Austria Grain, Refractory Christy Minerals LLC MO Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Graphite APF Recycling Inc OH Applied Ceramics Inc CA Aremco Products Inc NY Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China CoorsTek CO Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Semco Carbon OH Superior Graphite Co IL TevTech LLC MA Call the Experts for all your solids processing Size Reduction Wet & Dry Size Reduction Steel & Ceramic Lined Mills Jars & Jar Rolling Mills Vacuum Drying Dryers & Complete Systems Solids & High Viscosity Mixing Ribbon & Cone Blenders Fluidizing Mixers Sigma Blade Mixers Applications: Ceramics Al,O, Glass Frit - SiC Tungsten Carbide Quarts Refractory Organometallics. Catalysts Minerals Pigments Polymers Powdered Metals Graphite Resins See ad on page 89 Ferrites & Ferromagnetics Centerline Technologies MA Powder Processing & Technology LLC IN Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD See ad on page 81 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org Quality & Innovation Since 1911 PAULO. ABBE www.pauloabbe.com 630-350-3012 sales@pauloabbe.com 69 69 CERAMIC & METALLIC POWDERS & MATERIALS Indium & Compounds American Elements Inc CA Outside back cover, 54 CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Goodfellow Corp PA MSE Supplies AZ Pred Materials International Inc NY Iron & Compounds Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China CerPoTech AS Norway GFS Chemicals Inc OH Goodfellow Corp PA Kyanite Mining Corp VA Leico Industries Inc NJ Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Iron Oxide Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Reade Advanced Materials RI Lanthanides (also see Rare-Earths) Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA American Elements Inc CA C&L Development Corp CA FELDCO Intl CA GFS Chemicals Inc OH MSE Supplies AZ Nanocerox UT FELDCO Intl CA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH GFS Chemicals Inc OH Goodfellow Corp PA Pred Materials International Inc NY Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ BassTech Intl NJ CerPoTech AS Norway Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Goodfellow Corp PA nGimat LLC KY Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX RE Carroll Inc PA Metallic Salts Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA AMERICAN ELEMENTS THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURERⓇ Now Invent. americanelements.com Outside back cover, 54 American Elements Inc CA Arlimin Industries CO Hunter Chemical LLC PA PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Treibacher Industrie AG Austria Lanthanum & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA BassTech Intl NJ C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway Fusion Ceramics Inc OH GFS Chemicals Inc OH Goodfellow Corp PA North American Hoganas PA PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Lead & Compounds Goodfellow Corp PA Lithium & Compounds BassTech Intl NJ Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA CerPoTech AS Norway GFS Chemicals Inc OH MSE Supplies AZ nGimat LLC KY Pred Materials International Inc NY Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Magnesia, Fused APF Recycling Inc OH Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Magnesia-Alumina, Sintered Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Magnesium & Compounds Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ BassTech Intl NJ Bosai Minerals Group Co Ltd China CerPoTech AS Norway 70 Metallizing Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA Elcon Precision LLC CA Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Sigma Advanced Materials NY Microspheres, Hollow TM Outside back cover, 54 Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Molybdenum & Compounds APF Recycling Inc OH Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway Elcon Precision LLC CA GFS Chemicals Inc OH Nanomaterials AMERICAN ELEMENTS THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURERⓇ TM Now Invent.\' americanelements.com American Elements Inc CA Outside back cover, 54 Cerion Nanomaterials NY CerPoTech AS Norway Innovnano Advanced Materials SA Portugal MSE Supplies AZ Nanocerox UT nGimat LLC KY Nyacol Nano Technologies Inc MA Pred Materials International Inc NY TevTech LLC MA Neodymium Oxide Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA American Elements Inc CA C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway Leico Industries Inc NJ MSE Supplies AZ See ad on page 89 Nickel & Compounds American Chemet Corp IL American Elements Inc CA APF Recycling Inc OH Arlimin Industries CO Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Outside back cover, 54 Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA GFS Chemicals Inc OH Hunter Chemical LLC PA Shoei Chemical Inc Japan Niobium & Compounds American Elements Inc CA CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Leico Industries Inc NJ Organic Precursors Starfire Systems Inc NY Pastes, Conductor Aremco Products Inc NY Haiku Tech Inc FL Polymer Innovations Inc CA Sauereisen Inc PA Shoei Chemical Inc Japan Phosphates Arkema Inc PA BassTech Intl NJ nGimat LLC KY Refractory Minerals Co Inc PA Sauereisen Inc PA Outside back cover, 54 Piezoelectric Compositions APC International Ltd PA AVX Corp SC CerPoTech AS Norway Polymer Innovations Inc CA Sparkler Ceramics Pvt Ltd India Pigments Arlimin Industries CO Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Hunter Chemical LLC PA Mason Color Works Inc OH Sauereisen Inc PA Wistra GmbH Germany Plaster, Gypsum Sheffield Pottery MA Plaster, Industrial Sheffield Pottery MA Potassium & Compounds CerPoTech AS Norway GFS Chemicals Inc OH Powdered Metals Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA Arlimin Industries CO Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Cancarb Limited Canada Hunter Chemical LLC PA Outside back cover, 54 Pred Materials International Inc NY PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Praseodymium Oxide Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA C&L Development Corp CA www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 CERAMIC & METALLIC POWDERS & MATERIALS CerPoTech AS Norway Leico Industries Inc NJ Nanocerox UT PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Precious Metals Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA APF Recycling Inc OH Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Leico Industries Inc NJ Polymer Innovations Inc CA Shoei Chemical Inc Japan Rare-Earth Titanates CerPoTech AS Norway Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Rare-Earths Selenium & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA American Elements Inc CA FELDCO Intl CA Pred Materials International Inc NY Outside back cover, 54 Semiconducting Powders AMERICAN ELEMENTS THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURERⓇ Now Invent. TM americanelements.com See ad on page 81 American Elements Inc CA Outside back cover, 54 Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA SIAION Powder American Elements Inc CA Outside back cover, 54 Pred Materials International Inc NY Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Silica Arkema Inc PA Denka Corp NY FELDCO Intl CA Silica, Fused APF Recycling Inc OH BassTech Intl NJ Bosai Minerals Group Co Ltd China Centerline Technologies MA Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Ipsen Ceramics IL Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Technical Glass Products Inc Ohio Valley Design Corp MA Silicates BassTech Intl NJ Denka CorpNY Nanocerox UT Sauereisen Inc PA Silicon & Compounds Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Elkem Metals Inc PA FELDCO Intl CA McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA Reade Advanced Materials RI Valley Design Corp MA C&L Development Corp CA GFS Chemicals Inc OH Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal MSE Supplies AZ Nanocerox UT PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Pred Materials International Inc NY Spontaneous Materials CO Treibacher Industrie AG Austria Wistra GmbH Germany Refractory Oxides Arlimin Industries CO Christy Minerals LLC MO Hunter Chemical LLC PA Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Leico Industries Inc NJ nGimat LLC KY Resins, Molding Hexion Inc OH Polymer Innovations Inc CA Starfire Systems Inc NY Samarium Oxide Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway Nanocerox UT PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Sand, Foundry Kyanite Mining Corp VA U.S. Silica Co MD Sand, Glass Fusion Ceramics Inc OH RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden U.S. Silica Co MD Sand, High-Purity Silica BassTech Intl NJ Maryland Refractories Co OH U.S. Silica Co MD Unimin Corp CT Scandium & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA American Elements Inc CA C&L Development Corp CA FELDCO Intl CA Outside back cover, 54 Ipsen Ceramics IL Maryland Refractories Co OH Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Nanocerox UT Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Sauereisen Inc PA Sibelco Benelux Belgium U.S. Silica Co MD Silicon Carbide American Elements Inc CA APF Recycling Inc OH Applied Ceramics Inc CA Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ BassTech Intl NJ Outside back cover, 54 Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China Bullen OH Cancarb Limited Canada CerCo LLC OH GÓRKA CEMENT 1912 GÓRKA CEMENT since 1912 high-alumina cements calcium aluminate cements www.gorka.us Leico Industries Inc NJ Nanocerox UT Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 71 CERAMIC & METALLIC POWDERS & MATERIALS CoorsTek CO Custom Processing Services PA Electro Abrasives Corp NY FELDCO Intl CA Goodfellow Corp PA Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY North American Hoganas PA Ortech Inc CA Pred Materials International Inc NY Rauschert Industries Inc GA Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Starfire Systems Inc NY Suntech Advanced Ceramics (Shenzhen) Co Ltd China Superior Graphite Co IL Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Treibacher Industrie AG Austria Valley Design Corp MA Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Silicon Nitride Alteo NA LLC OH Applied Ceramics Inc CA Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Bullen OH CerCo LLC OH CoorsTek CO Denka Corp NY FELDCO Intl CA Goodfellow Corp PA International Ceramic Engineering MA McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA North American Hoganas PA Ortech Inc CA Pred Materials International Inc NY Rauschert Industries Inc GA Suntech Advanced Ceramics (Shenzhen) Co Ltd China Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Xiamen Unipretec Ceramic Technology Co Ltd China Sodium & Compounds Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ GFS Chemicals Inc OH Spheres, Ceramic Saint-Gobain NorPro OH Spheres, Glass Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Mo-Sci Corp MO See ad on page 95 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Strontium & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA BassTech Intl NJ CerPoTech AS Norway Fusion Ceramics Inc OH GFS Chemicals Inc OH nGimat LLC KY Superabrasives Alteo NA LLC OH Diamond Industrial Tools Inc IL Dianamic Abrasive Products Inc MI Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Superconducting Powders Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA nGimat LLC KY Tantalum Metal Powder Leico Industries Inc NJ Tantalum Oxide CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI 72 Terbium Oxide Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway Leico Industries Inc NJ Nanocerox UT Thickening Agents Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Thick-Film Materials CerPoTech AS Norway ESL ElectroScience PA New Tech Ceramics Inc IA Polymer Innovations Inc CA Shoei Chemical Inc Japan Thin-Film Materials 田 AMERICAN ELEMENTS THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURERⓇ TM Now Invent.\" americanelements.com American Elements Inc CA Cerakote Ceramic Coatings OR CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Outside back cover, 54 Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Materion Advanced Materials NY New Tech Ceramics Inc IA Valley Design Corp MA Tin & Compounds Arlimin Industries CO CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Goodfellow Corp PA Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Titanium & Compounds APF Recycling Inc OH Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ C&L Development Corp CA FELDCO Intl CA Goodfellow Corp PA Leico Industries Inc NJ Nanocerox UT North American Hoganas PA TAM Ceramics NY Titanium Carbide Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China FELDCO Intl CA North American Hoganas PA Reade Advanced Materials RI Titanium Diboride Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China FELDCO Intl CA Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY New Tech Ceramics Inc IA North American Hoganas PA Pred Materials International Inc NY Surmet Corp MA Titanium Dioxide BassTech Intl NJ Beijing Cerametek Materials Co Ltd China FELDCO Intl CA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Nanocerox UT nGimat LLC KY Pred Materials International Inc NY Titanium Nitride Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ FELDCO Intl CA North American Hoganas PA Pred Materials International Inc NY Tubes Technical Glass Products Inc Ohio Tungsten Carbide Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ C&L Development Corp CA Centerline Technologies MA Custom Processing Services PA FELDCO Intl CA MSE Supplies AZ North American Hoganas PA PicoParts Ltd Israel Pred Materials International Inc NY Tungsten Oxide CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Uranium & Compounds Wistra GmbH Germany Vanadium & Compounds Atlantic Equipment EngineersNJ CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Wetting Agents Lubrizol Performance Coating OH Yttria APF Recycling Inc OH Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Bullen OH CoorsTek CO ESL ElectroScience PA Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Nanocerox UT nGimat LLC KY North American Hoganas PA PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Pred Materials International Inc NY Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Yttrium & Compounds Alfa Aesar Johnson Matthey MA American Elements Inc CA C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway GFS Chemicals Inc OH Nanocerox UT nGimat LLC KY Outside back cover, 54 PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Zinc & Compounds CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Leico Industries Inc NJ Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX RE Carroll Inc PA Sauereisen Inc PA TevTech LLC MA See ad on page 89 Zinc Borate U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL See ad on page 73 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 CLAY & NATURAL MINERALS Zinc Oxide American Chemet Corp IL FELDCO Intl CA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH nGimat LLC KY Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Sauereisen Inc PA uttam industries India Zirconia Applied Ceramics Inc CA C&L Development Corp CA Custom Processing Services PA Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal International Ceramic Engineering MA Leico Industries Inc NJ Nanocerox UT Nanoe France nGimat LLC KY Ortech Inc CA PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI PremaTech Advanced Ceramics MA Rauschert Industries Inc GA Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Sauereisen Inc PA Suntech Advanced Ceramics (Shenzhen) Co Ltd China TAM Ceramics NY Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Xiamen Unipretec Ceramic Technology Co Ltd China Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Zircoa Inc OH Zirconia, Engineering-Grade Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Leico Industries Inc NJ McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA Nance France Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Zircoa Inc OH Zirconia, High-Purity APF Recycling Inc OH Applied Ceramics Inc CA CARBO Texas CoorsTek CO Innovnano Advanced Materials SA Portugal International Ceramic Engineering MA Nanocerox UT Nanoe France Sauereisen Inc PA Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Zirconia, Refractory-Grade McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA Nanoe France Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Zircoa Inc OH Zirconium & Compounds Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ C&L Development Corp CA CerPoTech AS Norway FELDCO Intl CA Goodfellow Corp PA Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Luxfer MEL Technologies NJ Monofrax LLC NY PIDC (Pacific Industrial Development Corporation) MI Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Zirconium Carbide Cancarb Limited Canada North American Hoganas PA Zirconium Carbonate C&L Development Corp CA Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Zirconium Diboride North American Hoganas PA North American Hoganas PA ■CLAY & NATURAL MINERALS Bauxite APF Recycling Inc OH Bosai Minerals Group Co Ltd China Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Hindalco Industries Limited India Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Bentonite Custom Processing Services PA Reade Advanced Materials RI Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Vanderbilt Minerals LLCCT Borax Dehybor borax.com/dehybor U.S. Borax Inc | Rio Tinto IL See ad on page 73 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org Chromite Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Clays, Ball Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Imerys GA Old Hickory Clay Co KY Sheffield Pottery MA Sibelco Benelux Belgium Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Unimin Corp CT Clays, China Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Imerys GA Old Hickory Clay Co KY Sheffield Pottery MA Sibelco Benelux Belgium Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Clays, Enamel Old Hickory Clay Co KY RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Sibelco Benelux Belgium Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Clays, Engobe Imerys GA Old Hickory Clay Co KY Sheffield Pottery MA Sibelco Benelux Belgium Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Clays, Fire or Refractory Alsey Refractories Co MO Christy Minerals LLC MO Sustainability at the center U.S. Borax borate products can help your business meet environmental sustainability goals: • Reduce your energy consumption and carbon footprint: DehyborⓇ allows for energy saving and CO2 emission reduction in glass-making and for the formulation of low-melting glazes and enamels with the correct thermal expansion. • Lower your transportation and storage footprint: DehyborⓇ and NeoborⓇ offer low transportation, handling, and storage costs thanks to their concentrated form. Improve production efficiency with high-quality boron from a reputable source. As part of Rio Tinto, U.S. Borax is committed to partnering with our customers to achieve better sustainability in ceramic and glass manufacturing. borax.com/ceramics 20 MULE TEAM BORAX™ 73 CLAY & NATURAL MINERALS Endiccott Clay Products Company NE Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Maryland Refractories Co OH Old Hickory Clay Co KY Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Riverside Refractories Inc--Allied Mineral Products AL Sheffield Pottery MA Sibelco Benelux Belgium Clays, Glaze Imerys GA Old Hickory Clay Co KY Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Sheffield Pottery MA Sibelco Benelux Belgium Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Clays, Stoneware Christy Minerals LLC MO Old Hickory Clay Co KY Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Sheffield Pottery MA Sibelco Benelux Belgium Cordierite Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Mason Color Works Inc OH Reade Advanced Materials RI Refratechnik Ceramics GmbH Germany Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Diatomateous Earth Reade Advanced Materials RI Dolomite Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Sibelco Benelux Belgium Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Feldspar Avalon Advanced Materials Inc Canada Fusion Ceramics Inc OH See ad on page 81 Kyanite Kyanite Mining Corp VA Lime & Limestone Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX RE Carroll Inc PA Lithium Minerals Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Avalon Advanced Materials Inc Canada Magnesite APF Recycling Inc OH Bosai Minerals Group Co Ltd China Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Mica Imerys GA Montmorillonite Reade Advanced Materials RI Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Mullite Christy Minerals LLC MO Imerys Refractory Minerals GA International Ceramic Engineering MA Kyanite Mining Corp VA Pred Materials International Inc NY Reade Advanced Materials RI Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Nepheline Syenite Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Sheffield Pottery MA Sibelco Benelux Belgium Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Olivine Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Sibelco Benelux Belgium Goodfellow Corp PA International Ceramic Engineering MA MSE Supplies AZ Silica APF Recycling Inc OH Centerline Technologies MA Imerys GA Imerys Refractory Minerals GA Maryland Refractories Co OH Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Sibelco Benelux Belgium Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX U.S. Silica Co MD Soda Ash Fusion Ceramics Inc OH RE Carroll Inc PA Spinels Almatis Inc PA Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA GrainBound LLC PA Pred Materials International Inc NY Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Spodumene Avalon Advanced Materials Inc Canada Fusion Ceramics Inc OH See ad on page 81 Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Steatite Du-Co Ceramics Company PA International Ceramic Engineering MA Steatite Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Talc Imerys GA Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Sheffield Pottery MA Sibelco Benelux Belgium Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Flint Christy Minerals LLC MO Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Sheffield Pottery MA Forsterite Pyrite Kyanite Mining Corp VA Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Pyrophyllite Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Quartz Applied Ceramics Inc CA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Goodfellow Corp PA International Ceramic Engineering MA Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Multi Lab UK Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Sibelco Benelux Belgium Technical Glass Products Inc Ohio Custom Processing Services PA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Wollastonite Bosai Minerals Group Co Ltd China Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Reade Advanced Materials RI Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT Zircon AluChem Inc OH APF Recycling Inc OH Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Lithoz GmbH NY Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Reade Advanced Materials RI TAM Ceramics NY Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD See ad on page 81 Imerys GA Kaolin Arkema Inc PA Bosai Minerals Group Co Ltd China CARBO Texas Christy Minerals LLC MO Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Imerys GA Rutile Imerys Refractory Minerals GA M&M Clays Inc GA Old Hickory Clay Co KY RE Carroll Inc PA Reade Advanced Materials RI Sheffield Pottery MA Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX U.S. Silica Co MD Vanderbilt Minerals LLC CT 74 Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Prince Minerals Inc (Prince International Corporation) TX Sapphire Applied Ceramics Inc CA Centerline Technologies MA www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 CONSTRUCTION CERAMICS ■CONSTRUCTION CERAMICS Brick Belden Brick Co OH Brick Industry Assn VA Cancarb Limited Canada Endiccott Clay Products Company NE Niokem Inc NC Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Brick & Paving Belden Brick Co OH Brick Industry Assn VA Cancarb Limited Canada Endiccott Clay Products Company NE Niokem Inc NC Pipe, Ceramic-Lined CerCo LLC OH Sanitaryware Roca Sanitario SA Spain Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co LtdChina Tile, Floor & Pavers Endiccott Clay Products Company NE Foundation Floors FL Heartland Wood Flooring FL Somany Ceramics Ltd India Tile, Wall Comtrust Architectural Mesh Co Ltd China Endiccott Clay Products Company NE Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Somany Ceramics Ltd India ■CONSULTANTS & SERVICES Advanced Coatings Activation Laboratories Ltd Canada Advanced Materials Associates CO Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Cerakote Ceramic Coatings OR CoorsTek CO Delkic & Associates FL Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK New Tech Ceramics Inc IA Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Viridis3D LLC MA Analytical Services Activation Laboratories Ltd Canada See ad on page 81 Alfred University OUTSIDE of ORDINARY C go.alfred.edu/CACT Alfred University NY AVEKA MN See ad on page 40 CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO CMC Laboratories Inc AZ CoorsTek CO Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation OH Geller Microanalytical Laboratory Inc MA GrainBound LLC PA H&M Analytical Services Inc NJ Hindalco Industries Limited India Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW Israel Ceramic & Silicate Inst Israel JTF Microscopy Services LLC NY Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA Micron Inc DE NSL Analytical Services Inc OH OPF Enterprises TX Particle Technology Labs IL Quantachrome Instruments FL Refractory Consulting Services OH RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden SEMTech Solutions Inc MA SPECTROCHEMICAL Laboratories Material Evaluation Chemical Analysis spectrochemicalme.com Spectrochemical Laboratories PA TA InstrumentsDE Brick & Structural Clay Processing Ceramitec Germany Lucideon UK Niokem Inc NC OPF Enterprises TX Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH ASME NQA-1 2008 QUALITY ASSURANCE Custom designed furnace systems for the energy communities American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED www.dkfdllc.com Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design 75 CONSULTANTS & SERVICES Ceramic Materials Activation Laboratories Ltd Canada Advanced Materials Associates CO Alfred University NY See ad on page 40 Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India AVEKA MN BOMAS Precision Machining of Advanced Ceramics and Composite Materials Since 1959 ITAR Registered Joe Annese BMS Mark Annese bomas.com Compositions Activation Laboratories Ltd Canada Advanced Materials Associates CO CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW NSL Analytical Services Inc OH Decorating Processes & Materials Cerlase France Lucideon UK OPF Enterprises TX Design Bomas Machine Specialties Inc MA See ad on page 83 Air Force Civil Engineer Center FL CoorsTek CO Cancarb Limited Canada Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design LLC CO CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands See ad on page 75 Cerakote Ceramic Coatings OR General Glass Equipment Co NJ Cerion Nanomaterials NY See ad on page 85 See ad on page 101 Ceralink Inc NY Elan Technology GA Elcon Precision LLC CA GrainBound LLC PA H&M Analytical Services Inc NJ Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW Imerys GA Inst for Applied Materials-Ceramics in Mechanical Engineering Karlsruhe Inst of Technology Germany International Ceramic Engineering MA Lithoz GmbH NY Lucideon UK MemPro Materials Corp North American Hoganas PA NSL Analytical Services Inc OH O\'Keefe Ceramics Inc CO OPF Enterprises TX Piezo by Graco OH P-Ker Engineering NY Rauschert Industries Inc GA Refrac Systems AZ Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst NY Schott North America Inc NY Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of I Squared R Element Co NY Ingredient Masters Inc OH Jenike & Johanson Inc MA OPF Enterprises TX RocCera LLC NY Tethon 3D NE Viridis3D LLC MA Electronics & Electrical Materials Advanced Energy CO APC International Ltd PA AVEKA MN Centerline Technologies MA Elan Technology GA Electrosciences Ltd UK Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com Skyworks Solutions Inc MD See ad on page 81 Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Viridis3D LLC MA Harrop Industries Inc OH Chemistry Activation Laboratories Ltd Canada CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Cerion Nanomaterials NY Chemical Abstracts Service OH CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO H&M Analytical Services Inc NJ Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW NSL Analytical Services Inc OH Polymer Innovations Inc CA Combustion Systems Air Products PA CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Ceramic Services Inc PA HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com R ISQUARED RELEMENT See ad on page 58 Manufacturers of O Starbar and Moly-D Heating Elements and Accessories I SQUARED R ELEMENT CO., INC. Phone: (716) 542-5511 Fax: (716) 542-2100 www.isquaredrelement.com I Squared R Element Co NY Engineering Advanced Materials Associates CO Air Force Civil Engineer Center FL CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Cerinnov France Ceritherm France Cyclonaire Corp NE Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design LLC CO See ad on page 75 FCT Systeme GmbH Germany General Glass Equipment Co NJ Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW Ingredient Masters Inc OH International Ceramic Engineering MA Jenike & Johanson Inc MA Lithoz GmbH NY Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN Optimation Klug Systems NY Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Wistra GmbH Germany Environmental See ad on page 101 Activation Laboratories Ltd Canada Air Force Civil Engineer Center FL Celsian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Lucideon UK SEMTech Solutions Inc MA Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Tri-Mer Corp MI Expert Witness Advanced Materials Associates CO CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO H&M Analytical Services Inc NJ Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW JTF Microscopy Services LLC NY Lucideon UK Particle Technology Labs IL Refrac Systems AZ Refractory Consulting Services OH Spontaneous Materials CO Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Fabrication Accuratus Corp NJ Advanced Materials Associates CO Bullen OH Ingredient Masters Inc OH Lithoz GmbH NY O\'Keefe Ceramics Inc CO PremaTech Advanced Ceramics MA Refrac Systems AZ RocCera LLC NY See ad on page 101 Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Thermal Products Co Inc GA Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Furnaces Advanced Materials Associates CO See ad on page 85 American Isostatic Presses OH Powder Processing & Technology LLC IN Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd Japan Energy A123 Systems Inc MI Advanced Energy CO Air Force Civil Engineer Center FL CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Ceralink Inc NY FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Lucideon UK Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd Japan Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Centorr Vacuum Industries NH ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED www.dkfdllc.com Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design LLC CO See ad on page 75 Fosbel Inc OH General Glass Equipment Co NJ Harrop Industries Inc OH 76 See ad on page 58 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 CONSULTANTS & SERVICES ✗Harper International harperintl.com Harper International NY I Squared R Element Co NY See ad on page 77 See ad on page 85 JTF Microscopy Services LLC NY Refrac Systems AZ Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD The Furnace Source LLC CT Trent Inc PA Winner Technology Korea Glass Processes & Materials Alfred University NY See ad on page 40 CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Ceradyne Inc a 3M Co KY High Temperature Melting Offer Test for Evaluation Diversified Controls and Systems, Inc. dcsjp@aol.com www.divconsys.com Phone: (716)652-1460 M ELT IZER R&D.Pilot Plant Facility Diversified Controls & Systems NY Elan Technology GA JTF Microscopy Services LLC NY NSL Analytical Services Inc OH Optimation - Klug Systems NY Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst NY RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Saxon Glass Technologies Inc NY Schott North America Inc NY Specialty Glass Inc FL Tri-Mer Corp MI Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Vesuvius SC Glazes/Colorants Cancarb Limited Canada Ceradyne Inc a 3M Co KY Laguna Clay Co CA Lucideon UK NSL Analytical Services Inc OH OPF Enterprises TX RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden High-Technology Ceramics Advanced Materials Associates CO APC International Ltd PA ARBURG GmbH + Co KG Germany Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Ceramitec Germany CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO Elcon Precision LLC CA Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW Lucideon UK NSL Analytical Services Inc OH OPF Enterprises TX Piezo by Graco OH P-Ker Engineering NY Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Viridis3D LLC MA Wistra GmbH Germany Zircoa Inc OH Kilns Ceritherm France ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED www.dkfdllc.com Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design LLC CO See ad on page 75 FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Lucideon UK Nabertherm Inc DE OPF EnterprisesTX Litigation H&M Analytical Services Inc NJ Lucideon UK Particle Technology Labs IL Refractory Consulting Services OH Spontaneous Materials CO Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH From spark to finish. 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ROTARY FURNACES PUSHER FURNACES VERTICAL FURNACES American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org Harper International 77 CONSULTANTS & SERVICES Maintenance & Repairs, After Sales Cerinnov France Optimation Klug Systems NY Management OPF Enterprises TX Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Manufacturing Advanced Materials Associates CO AVEKA MN Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec North America Corp SC Cerinnov France CoorsTek CO SPECTROCHEMICAL Laboratories Material Evaluation Chemical Analysis spectrochemicalme.com Spectrochemical Laboratories PA Taber Industries NY Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Modeling CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands CoorsTek CO Lucideon UK Ram Products Inc OH Custom Processing Services PA Cyclonaire Corp NE Endiccott Clay Products Company NE Ingredient Masters Inc OH See ad on page 101 Tethon 3D NE Jenike & Johanson Inc MA Laserage Technology Corp IL Lucideon UK Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD O\'Keefe Ceramics Inc CO OPF Enterprises TX P-Ker Engineering NY Refrac Systems AZ Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd Japan Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Wistra GmbH Germany Markets Advanced Materials Associates CO Matmatch Germany OPF Enterprises TX Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Materials Testing & Characterization Advanced Materials Associates CO Alfred University NY See ad on page 40 ARBURG GmbH + Co KG Germany AVEKA MN Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India BuzzMac Intl LLC ME Ceramitec Germany CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO CSC Force Measurement Inc MA Cyclonaire Corp NE Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation OH Elan Technology GA Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Geller Microanalytical Laboratory Inc MA GrainBound LLC PA H&M Analytical Services Inc NJ Hindalco Industries Limited India Hitachi High-Tech America Inc MD Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW Hysitron Inc MN Inst for Applied Materials-Ceramics in Mechanical Engineering Karlsruhe Inst of Technology Germany Jenike & Johanson Inc MA JTF Microscopy Services LLC NY Lucideon UK Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN NorECS AS Norway NSL Analytical Services Inc OH OPF Enterprises TX Particle Technology Labs IL P-Ker Engineering NY Refractory Consulting Services OH Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd Japan 78 Spontaneous Materials CO Nuclear Materials Advanced Materials Associates CO Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China NSL Analytical Services Inc OH Patents Modern Times Legal MA Refrac Systems AZ Spontaneous Materials CO Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Professional Engineer NSL Analytical Services Inc OH Optimation Klug Systems NY Spontaneous Materials CO Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Quality Management/ISO 9000 Elcon Precision LLC CA Lucideon UK Refractories CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Ceramitec Germany Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation OH Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Fosbel Inc OH Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Ipsen Ceramics IL JTF Microscopy Services LLC NY Laguna Clay Co CA Lucideon UK Maryland Refractories Co OH NSL Analytical Services Inc OH Refractory Consulting Services OH Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Viridis3D LLC MA Wistra GmbH Germany Research Advanced Materials Associates CO Alfred University NY ARBURG GmbH + Co KG Germany AVEKA MN See ad on page 40 Celsian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Ceralink Inc NY Cerion Nanomaterials NY Cerlase France CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO Inst for Applied Materials-Ceramics in Mechanical Engineering Karlsruhe Inst of Technology Germany Laeis GmbH Luxembourg Lithoz GmbH NY Lucideon UK OPF Enterprises TX Refrac SystemsAZ RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Viridis3D LLC MA Wistra GmbH Germany Semiconductors (Consultants) Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd Japan Suntech Advanced Ceramics (Shenzhen) Co Ltd China Software Chemical Abstracts Service OH General Glass Equipment Co NJ Outotec Research Oy Finland Rockwell Automation Inc WI Throughput Bluestreak WI Structural Ceramics Advanced Materials Associates CO Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Ceramitec Germany CeramTec North America Corp SC FCT Ingenieurkeramik GmbH Germany Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW OPF Enterprises TX Rauschert Industries Inc GA Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Superconductors NSL Analytical Services Inc OH Advanced Materials Associates CO Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Hitech Materials Pty Ltd NSW JTF Microscopy Services LLC NY Spontaneous Materials CO Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Technology Transfer CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Ceralink Inc NY Cerlase France Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Lucideon UK Particle Technology Labs IL Spontaneous Materials, CO Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Viridis3D LLC MA www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Sales and Liquidations of CERAMIC MACHINERY Mehra CORPORATION Complete process lines, individual machine sales, and entire factory liquidations are performed professionally by the Mohr teams. Contact Mohr today and discuss your used machinery and/or factory liquidation needs. Professional and Experienced Globally www.Mohrcorp.com Telephone: +1(810)225-9494 Email: sales@mohrcorp.com Based in Brighton, Michigan USA COMING JANUARY 2022 . . . UPGRADED SOFTWARE EVEN EASIER TO USE DISTINCTIVE NEW DIAGRAMS UNIQUE ANALYSIS CAPABILITIES 5.0 PHASE Equilibria Diagrams The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org ACERS NIST PHASE EQUILIBRIA DIAGRAMS NIST STANDARD Reference DATABASE 31 79 CUSTOM CERAMICS FABRICATION & ENGINEERING SERVICES ■CUSTOM CERAMICS FABRICATION & ENGINEERING SERVICES Advanced Ceramics, Structural Accuratus Corp NJ Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Limited China AdTech Ceramics TN AdValue Technology LLC AZ See ad on page 51 Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing AZ Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Starfire Systems Inc NY Superior Technical Ceramics Corp VT Technical Products Inc WI Tethon 3D NE Toto Ltd Japan Master Bond Inc NJ New Tech Ceramics Inc IA Starfire Systems Inc NY Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL TevTech LLC MA Crushing, Custom AVEKA MN See ad on page 89 BOMAS Precision Machining of Advanced Ceramics and Composite Materials Since 1959 ITAR Registered BMS Joe Annese Mark Annese bomas.com Bomas Machine Specialties Inc MA See ad on page 83 Bullen OH CeramTec North America Corp SC CeraNova Corp MA CerCo LLC OH CiDRA Precision Services LLC CT CoorsTek CO Custom Processing Services PA Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China Exothermics Inc NH FCT Ingenieurkeramik GmbH Germany FELDCO Intl CA Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA GE Global Research NY Induceramic Canada Innovnano - Advanced Materials SA Portugal Israel Ceramic & Silicate Inst Israel Lithoz GmbH NY Machined Ceramics Inc KY Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA MemPro Materials Corp Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Petro Mold Company PA P-Ker Engineering NY Precision Ceramics FL Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA PremaTech ADVANCED CERAMICS ™ 160 Goddard Memorial Dr., Worcester, MA 01603, USA Tel: 508-791-9549 Fax: 508-793-9814 www.PremaTechAC.com PremaTech Advanced Ceramics MA Progressive Technology Inc CA Rauschert Industries, Inc. 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Technical Zircoa Inc OH Calcining, Custom CerPoTech AS Norway Christy Minerals LLC MO OPF Enterprises TX PPT POWDER PROCESSING & TECHNOLOGY, LLC For more information, please contact us at 219-462-4141 x244 or sales@pptechnology.com 5103 Evans Avenue | Valparaiso, IN 46383 www.pptechnology.com Powder Processing & Technology LLC IN Classification, Custom AVEKA MN BOMAS Precision Machining of Advanced Ceramics and Composite Materials Since 1959 ITAR Registered BMS bomas.com Joe Annese Mark Annese Bomas Machine Specialties Inc MA Christy Minerals LLC MO Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Bekeson Glass LLC MS Christy Minerals LLC MO See ad on page 96 Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Reade Advanced Materials RI Stedman Machine Co IN Dielectrics Accuratus Corp NJ AdTech Ceramics TN Advanced Ceramic Technology CA CerPoTech AS Norway Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Sigma Advanced Materials NY Starfire Systems Inc NY Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Drying, Custom AVEKA MN See ad on page 81 Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA General Spray Drying Service Inc NJ Ipsen Ceramics IL Reade Advanced Materials RI See ad on page 83 Films, Thick Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Coatings, Corrosion-Resistant Aremco Products Inc NY Cerakote Ceramic Coatings OR CoorsTek CO ESL ElectroScience PA Hexion Inc OH Induceramic Canada Master Bond Inc NJ Starfire Systems Inc NY Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD TevTech LLC MA Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH See ad on page 89 Coatings, Thermal-Resistant Aremco Products Inc NY Cancarb Limited Canada Cerakote Ceramic Coatings OR Delkic & Associates FL ESL ElectroScience PA Induceramic Canada New Tech Ceramics Inc IA Sigma Advanced Materials NY Starfire Systems Inc NY Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD CoorsTek CO ESL ElectroScience PA Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK New Tech Ceramics Inc IA P-Ker Engineering NY Sigma Advanced Materials NY Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Films, Thin Advanced Energy CO Cerakote Ceramic Coatings OR CoorsTek CO Industrial Hard Carbon LLC NC Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA New Tech Ceramics Inc IA See ad on page 81 Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Teeter Marketing Services LLC FL Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Furnace Rebuilds Cancarb Limited Canada Fosbel Inc OH Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Oxy-Gon Industries Inc NH TevTech LLC MA Grinding, Custom Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Unifrax I LLC NY See ad on page 81 949.421.9804 Ceramics Rauschert Rauschert Industries Inc GA Refrac Systems AZ CustomerSupport@ rauschertna.com www.rauschert.com Refractron Technologies Corp NY RocCera LLC NY Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH ZYP Coatings Inc TN Coatings, Wear-Resistant Cerakote Ceramic Coatings OR CeramTec-ETEC Germany CoorsTek CO ESL ElectroScience PA See ad on page 85 See ad on page 89 Precision Ceramic Machining Experts Advanced Ceramic Technology www.advancedceramictech.com 714-538-2524 Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH 80 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 CUSTOM CERAMICS FABRICATION & ENGINEERING SERVICES Bekeson Glass LLC MS See ad on page 96 Hot Repair Fosbel IncOH BOMAS Precision Machining of Advanced Ceramics and Composite Materials Since 1959 ITAR Registered BMS Joe Annese Mark Annese bomas.com Bomas Machine Specialties Inc MA Bullen OH Christy Minerals LLC MO CiDRA Precision Services LLC CT CoorsTek CO Du-Co Ceramics Company PA FCT Ingenieurkeramik GmbH Germany Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA See ad on page 83 Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA International Ceramic Engineering MA Machined Ceramics Inc KY McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Ortech Inc CA PremaTech Advanced 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Design Corp MA Laser Cutting & Scribing Services Cerlase France CoorsTek CO Laserage Technology Corp IL Ortech Inc CA Machining Accuratus Corp NJ Precision Ceramic Machining Experts Advanced Ceramic Technology www.advancedceramictech.com 714-538-2524 Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing AZ Aremco Products Inc NY Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH BOMAS Precision Machining of Advanced Ceramics and Composite Materials Since 1959 ITAR Registered BMS bomas.com Bomas Machine Specialties Inc MA Bullen OH CerCo LLC OH CiDRA Precision Services LLC CT Joe Annese Mark Annese See ad on page 83 A Leader in Advanced Technical Ceramics Thermal Barrier Coating Materials RF Circulators and Filters C C SKYWORKS Dielectric Products Ferrite and Garnet Products Visit us at www.skyworksinc.com/technicalceramics American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org • @ Contact us at rfceramics@skyworksinc.com C 81 CUSTOM CERAMICS FABRICATION & ENGINEERING SERVICES Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Elan Technology GA FCT Ingenieurkeramik GmbH Germany FELDCO Intl CA Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Fosbel Inc OH International Ceramic Engineering MA Laserage Technology Corp IL Machined Ceramics Inc KY Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA MITSUBISHI MATERIALS U.S.A. www.mmus-carbide.com Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Japan Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Ortech Inc CA Precision Ceramics FL PremaTech ADVANCED CERAMICS ™ 160 Goddard Memorial Dr., Worcester, MA 01603, USA Tel: 508-791-9549 Fax: 508-793-9814 www.PremaTechAC.com PremaTech Advanced Ceramics MA Progressive Technology Inc CA Ram Products Inc OH Refractory Machining Services PA RocCera LLC NY Stahli USA Inc WI Superior Technical Ceramics Corp VT Technical Products Inc WI Valley Design Corp MA Milling, Custom Advanced Ceramic Technology CA AVEKA MN Your Source for Custom Specialty Industrial Glass Products 1001 Underwood Drive Flowood, MS 39232 601383.6288 info@bekeson.com BEKESONGLASS www.bekeson.com Bekeson Glass LLC MS See ad on page 96 Bullen OH CiDRA Precision Services LLC CT Custom Processing Services PA Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA International Ceramic Engineering MA MSE Supplies AZ Powder Processing & Technology LLC IN Precision Ceramics FL PremaTech Advanced Ceramics MA Reade Advanced Materials RI Refractory Machining Services PA RocCera LLC NY Stedman Machine Co IN Union Process OH Valley Design Corp MA Washington Mills Electro Minerals Co NY Nuclear Materials Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China Free Form Fibers NY Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Refrac Systems AZ Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Piezoelectrics APC International Ltd PA CerPoTech AS Norway Electrosciences Ltd UK Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Meggitt Piezo Technologies IN Piezo by Graco OH Sparkler Ceramics Pvt Ltd India Powder Synthesis CerPoTech AS Norway Prototypes Accuratus Corp NJ Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Bullen OH CeramTec North America Corp SC CerCo LLC OH CoorsTek CO Du-Co Ceramics Company PA ESL ElectroScience PA FCT Ingenieurkeramik GmbH Germany Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Goceram AB Sweden Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH International Ceramic Engineering MA Lithoz GmbH NY Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Ortech Inc CA P-Ker Engineering NY Precision Ceramics FL PremaTech ADVANCED CERAMICS™ 160 Goddard Memorial Dr., Worcester, MA 01603, USA Tel: 508-791-9549 Fax: 508-793-9814 www.PremaTechAC.com PremaTech Advanced Ceramics MA Progressive Technology Inc CA Ram Products Inc OH Refrac Systems AZ Robocasting Enterprises LLC NM RocCera LLC NY Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Technical Products Inc WI Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Tethon 3D NE Refractory Installation Diamorph AB UK Fosbel Inc OH Refractory Consulting Services OH Riverside Refractories Inc--Allied Mineral Products AL Wistra GmbH Germany Screen Printing Aremco Products Inc NY Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Screening, Custom AVEKA MN Bekeson Glass LLC MS CerPoTech AS Norway See ad on page 96 Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA General Spray Drying Service Inc NJ Reade Advanced Materials RI Seals Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India CerCo LLC OH Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China Elan Technology GA Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Ortech Inc CA P-Ker Engineering NY Precision Ceramics FL Refrac Systems AZ Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Spray Drying Arch Maintenance Services GA AVEKA MN CeramTec North America Corp SC CerPoTech AS Norway Dorst America Inc PA Elan Technology GA General Spray Drying Service Inc NJ PPT POWDER PROCESSING & TECHNOLOGY, LLC For more information, please contact us at 219-462-4141 x244 or sales@pptechnology.com 5103 Evans Avenue | Valparaiso, IN 46383 www.pptechnology.com Powder Processing & Technology LLC IN SKYWORKS Delivering Advanced Technical Ceramics www.skyworksinc.com/ technicalceramics Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Verity Technical Consultants LLC OH Superconductors Precision Ceramics FL Toll Blending, Processing AVEKA MN CerPoTech AS Norway Custom Processing Services PA See ad on page 81 Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH General Spray Drying Service Inc NJ Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Powder Processing & Technology LLC IN Reade Advanced Materials RI Refrac Systems AZ TAM Ceramics NY 82 2 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 DECORATING Toll Firing, Contract ACCCO Inc/Burley Clay Products Co OH Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing AZ Astro Met Advanced Ceramics Inc OH CeramTec North America Corp SC Christy Minerals LLC MO FCT Ingenieurkeramik GmbH Germany FCT Systeme GmbH Germany HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com Frits Bekeson Glass LLC MS Ceradyne Inc a 3M Co KY Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH See ad on page 96 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Glazes American Art Clay Co Inc IN Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg Co PA Cerlase France Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Laguna Clay Co CA Mason Color Works Inc OH RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Sheffield Pottery MA Glazing Equipment Arlimin Industries CO Cerinnov France Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 Ipsen Ceramics IL Oxy-Gon Industries Inc NH See ad on page 85 Refrac Systems AZ Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Sunrock Ceramics Co IL TAM Ceramics NY See ad on page 89 Inks TevTech LLC MA Ultrasonic Machining Ferro-Ceramic Grinding Inc MA PremaTech Advanced Ceramics MA HED INtI Inc NJ American Art Clay 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Joe Annese • Mark Annese 63Years 1959-2022 BMS ITAR Registered bomas.com 83 00 84 DINNERWARE Used Equipment Mehr CORPORATION Ceramic Machinery and Factory Liquidations www.mohrcorp.com Mohr Corp MI ■DINNERWARE China, Fine Cerinnov France StudioLX Home Decor IL Earthenware Petro Mold Company PA Sheffield Pottery MA Tethon 3D NE Porcelain Akron Porcelain & Plastics Co OH Art On Ceramic NY Cerinnov France Sheffield Pottery MA Tethon 3D NE ■DRYING, FIRING & MELTING Blowers Zenith China Burners Air Products PA Ceritherm France Furnace Products & Services Inc PA HED INtI Inc NJ Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA See ad on page 79 Zenith China Calciners Applied Test Systems Inc PA Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Harper International NY HED INTI Inc NJ Keith Co CA Nabertherm Inc DE See ad on page 77 Raymond Bartlett Snow-Schneck Processing IL Recco Furnaces CA Thermcraft Inc NC Wistra GmbH Germany Wyssmont Co NJ Zenith China Cars, Dryer Zenith China Cars, Kiln Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Ceritherm France Data Acquisition Systems Applied Test Systems Inc PA Datapaq Inc NH HED INtl Inc NJ Nabertherm Inc DE Dryers Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI Applied Test Systems Inc PA B&P Littleford MI Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Ceramic Services Inc PA Cerlase France Cober Muegge LLC CT Fives North American Combustion Inc OH Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Goceram AB Sweden Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Harrop Industries Inc OH HED INtl Inc NJ Keith Co CA Laeis GmbH Luxembourg Nabertherm Inc DE See ad on page 58 Raymond Bartlett Snow-Schneck Processing IL Spray Drying Systems Inc MD Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Wyssmont Co NJ Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Electrodes StudioLX - Home Decor IL Wistra GmbH Germany Stoneware ACCCO Inc/Burley Clay Products Co OH Petro Mold Company PA Sheffield Pottery MA Tethon 3D NE Tableware, Glass RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden StudioLX Home Decor IL Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO Inside front cover See ad on page 58 Harrop Industries Inc OH Keith Co CA Magneco Metrel Inc IL Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Wistra GmbH Germany Zenith China Cars, Transfer Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Controllers Applied Test Systems Inc PA Carbolite Gero UK General Glass Equipment Co NJ HED INtl Inc NJ Paragon Industries LP TX PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Zenith China Controllers, Combustion Air Products PA Fives North American Combustion Inc OH Controllers, Furnace Carbolite Gero UK Nabertherm Inc DE Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL I Squared R Element Co NY See ad on page 85 Environmental Control Systems Air Products PA Applied Test Systems Inc PA Control Instruments Corp NJ Furnaces American Isostatic Presses OH Applied Test Systems Inc PA Carbolite Gero UK CM Furnaces Inc NJ Cober Muegge LLC CT ASME NQA-1 2008 QUALITY ASSURANCE 本 ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED Deltech Furnaces www.deltechfurnaces.com Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Gasbarre Products Inc PA Goceram AB Sweden Harper International NY Inside front cover See ad on page 93 See ad on page 77 Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Controllers, Temperature Applied Test Systems Inc PA Datapaq Inc NH Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation OH Nabertherm Inc DE Optocon AG Germany Paragon Industries LP TX PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Harrop Industries Inc OH HED INTI Inc NJ HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com See ad on page 58 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ L&L Special FURNACE CO, INC Ilfurnace.com / 877.846.7628 20 Kent Road, Aston, PA 19014 P: 610.459-9216 F: 610.459.3689 E: sales@llfurnace.com See ad on page 87 L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Mohr Corp MI See ad on page 79 Nabertherm Inc DE Oxy-Gon Industries Inc NH Paragon Industries LP TX See ad on page 85 PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Quintus Technologies LLC OH RD Webb Company Inc MA Seco/Warwick Corp PA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA TT TEVTECH MATERIALS PROCESSING SOLUTIONS Custom Furnaces & Components www.TevTechllc.com TevTech LLC MA See ad on page 89 The Furnace Source LLC CT Thermcraft Inc NC Trent Inc PA Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Wyssmont Co NJ Furnaces, Alternative Fuels Ceritherm France Harper International NY See ad on page 77 Harrop Industries Inc OH Keith Co CA See ad on page 58 Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Thermcraft Inc NC Verder Scientific Inc PA Furnaces, Electric Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI American Isostatic Presses OH Applied Test Systems Inc PA Aremco Products Inc NY Carbolite Gero UK See ad on page 87 CENTORR Vacuum Industries VI Over 6500 units built since 1954 55 Northeastern Blvd., Nashua, NH 03062 USA ⚫ Tollfree: 800-962-8631 P: 603-595-7233 F: 603-595-9220 E-mail: sales@centorr.com www.centorr.com Centorr Vacuum Industries NH Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France CM Furnaces Inc NJ American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org DRYING, FIRING & MELTING BELL FURNACE Ideal for Sensitive Loads Ceramic Firing Ceramic polishing Sintering Annealing OXY-GON Up to 2500°C Vacuum Inert Gas Reducing \"Degrees Ahead in Quality\" OXY-GON INDUSTRIES, INC. P.O. Box 40, Epsom, NH 03234-0040 (603) 736-8422 • Fax (603) 736-8734 e-mail: sales@oxy-gon.com website: www.oxy-gon.com Starbar and Moly-Delements are made in the U.S.A. with a focus on providing the highest quality heating elements and service to the global market. 56 years of service and reliability IR ISQUARED RELEMENT I Squared R Element Co., Inc. Phone: (716)542-5511 Email: sales@isquaredrelement.com www.isquaredrelement.com 94 85 DRYING, FIRING & MELTING ASME NQA-1 2008 QUALITY ASSURANCE ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED Deltech Furnaces www.deltechfurnaces.com General Glass Equipment Co NJ Magneco Metrel Inc IL Nabertherm Inc DE Paragon Industries LP TX PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Furnaces, High-Temperature Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO Inside front cover Applied Test Systems Inc PA Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design LLC CO Cancarb Limited Canada See ad on page 75 Carbolite Gero UK FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Gasbarre Products Inc PA Harper International NY Centorr Vacuum Industries NH See ad on page 93 See ad on page 77 CM Furnaces Inc NJ Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 Cober Muegge LLC CT HED INTI Inc NJ Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Keith Co CA Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO Inside front cover L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ Detroit Process Machinery MI L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA See ad on page 87 FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Gasbarre Products Inc PA See ad on page 93 Nabertherm Inc DE Harper International NY See ad on page 77 Oxy-Gon Industries Inc NH See ad on page 85 Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 HED INtI Inc NJ Paragon Industries LP TX PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada RD Webb Company Inc MA Recco Furnaces CA Seco/Warwick Corp PA The Furnace Source LLC CT Thermcraft Inc NC Trent Inc PA Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Winner Technology Korea Wyssmont Co NJ Ceritherm France Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Nabertherm Inc DE OXY-G INDUSTRIES, INC. P.O. Box 40, Epsom, NH 03234-0040 (603) 736-8422 Fax (603) 736-8734 e-mail: sales@oxy-gon.com website: www.oxy-gon.com Oxy-Gon Industries Inc NH Plansee SE MA See ad on page 85 RocCera LLC NY The Furnace Source LLC CT CARBOLITE IGEROB 30-3000°C LABORATORY & INDUSTRIAL FURNACES PHONE: +1 866-473-8724 WWW.VERDER-SCIENTIFIC.COM Verder Scientific Inc PA Winner Technology Korea Furnaces, Vacuum Applied Test Systems Inc PA AVS Inc MA Centorr Vacuum Industries NH Cober Muegge LLC CT FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Gasbarre Products Inc PA Goceram AB Sweden Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Nabertherm Inc DE See ad on page 87 See ad on page 93 OXY-GON INDUSTRIES, INC. P.O. Box 40, Epsom, NH 03234-0040 (603) 736-8422 Fax (603) 736-8734 e-mail: sales@oxy-gon.com website: www.oxy-gon.com Oxy-Gon Industries Inc NH RocCera LLC NY Seco/Warwick Corp PA The Furnace Source LLC CT Verder Scientific Inc PA Heating Elements Applied Test Systems Inc PA CM Furnaces Inc NJ Hotek Alliance Ltd China See ad on page 85 See ad on page 87 Furnaces, Gas Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France Harper International NY Harrop Industries Inc OH HED INtl Inc NJ Keith Co CA L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA See ad on page 77 See ad on page 58 See ad on page 87 Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Nabertherm Inc DE Recco Furnaces CA PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Quintus Technologies LLC OH RD Webb Company Inc MA Seco/Warwick Corp PA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA The Furnace Source LLC CT Verder Scientific Inc PA Winner Technology Korea Furnaces, Laboratory Carbolite Gero UK Seco/Warwick Corp PA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA The Furnace Source LLC CT Thermcraft Inc NC Wyssmont Co NJ Furnaces, Glass-Melting Applied Test Systems Inc PA Carbolite Gero UK Ceradyne Inc a 3M Co KY CM Furnaces Inc NJ See ad on page 87 CENTORR Vacuum Industries VII Over 6500 units built since 1954 55 Northeastern Blvd., Nashua, NH 03062 USA ⚫ Tollfree: 800-962-8631 P: 603-595-7233 F: 603-595-9220 E-mail: sales@centorr.com www.centorr.com Centorr Vacuum Industries NH CM Furnaces Inc NJ ASME NQA-1 2008 QUALITY ASSURANCE Z ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED Deltech Furnaces www.deltechfurnaces.com Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO Inside front cover Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design LLC CO Cober Muegge LLC CT FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Harper International NY See ad on page 75 Furnace Products & Services Inc PA R I SQUARED R ELEMENT Manufacturers of Starbar and Moly-D® Heating Elements and Accessories I SQUARED R ELEMENT CO., INC. Phone: (716) 542-5511 Fax: (716) 542-2100 www.isquaredrelement.com Squared R Element Co NY Keith Co CA L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Oxy-Gon Industries Inc NH Plansee SE MA PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Recco Furnaces CA Seco/Warwick Corp PA Thermal Products Co Inc GA Thermcraft Inc NC Trent Inc PA See ad on page 85 See ad on page 85 Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design LLC CO Inside front cover See ad on page 75 L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA See ad on page 77 See ad on page 87 Verder Scientific Inc PA Winner Technology Korea See ad on page 87 Humidification Systems Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Nabertherm Inc DE CM Furnaces Inc NJ Oxy-Gon Industries Inc NH RD Webb Company Inc MA See ad on page 85 86 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Kilns Applied Test Systems Inc PA Carbolite Gero UK Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France Detroit Process Machinery MI FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Fives North American Combustion Inc OH Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Harper International harperintl.com Harper International NY See ad on page 77 Harrop Industries Inc OH HED INTI Inc NJ Keith Co CA L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ See ad on page 58 L&L Special FURNACE CO, INC Ilfurnace.com / 877.846.7628 20 Kent Road, Aston, PA 19014 P: 610.459-9216 F: 610.459.3689 E: sales@llfurnace.com L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA See ad on page 87 Laeis GmbH Luxembourg Laguna Clay Co CA Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Mohr Corp MI Nutec Bickley Mexico PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada RD Webb Company Inc MA Recco Furnaces CA RocCera LLC NY Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Thermcraft Inc NC Wistra GmbH Germany Kilns, Bell Carbolite Gero UK Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France See ad on page 79 Harper International NY See ad on page 77 Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 HED INtl Inc NJ Keith Co CA L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA See ad on page 87 Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Nabertherm Inc DE Nutec Bickley Mexico PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Thermcraft Inc NC Kilns, Box Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI American Art Clay Co Inc IN Applied Test Systems Inc PA Carbolite Gero UK Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org VERDER scientific DRYING, FIRING & MELTING CARBOLITE IGERO ELTRA Retsch QATA MICROTRAC VERDER SCIENTIFIC INC. CELEBRATES YEARS 20TH ANNIVERSARY SCIENCE FOR SOLIDS HEAT TREATMENT ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS MATERIALOGRAPHY & HARDNESS TESTING MILLING & SIEVING PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION Are you looking for innovative, efficient solutions for your ceramic production process? Particle Size and Shape Analysis, Elemental Analysis, Heat Treatment, Microstructural Analysis and Hardness Testing - the Verder Scientific companies offer high-quality solutions combined with expert advice and support service worldwide. Phone: +1 866-473-8724 info-us@verder-scientific.com www.verder-scientific.com XLC2448 set up for Pyrolysis with Multizone Heating Banks, Inert Atmosphere, and Rapid Cooling L&LSpecial FURNACE CO, INC Precision Pyrolysis & Debinding Furnaces for Ceramic Matrix Composites & Additive Manufacturing If you have high-value loads to process, look no further than L&L Special Furnace. Our furnaces are the most reliable on the market - at any price! Each one is Special! • Precision • Uniformity • Value L&L CAN MEET THE STRICTEST PROVISIONS OF AMS2750E FOR AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS 20 Kent Road Aston, PA 19014 Phone: 877. 846.7628 www.llfurnace.com 88 87 DRYING, FIRING & MELTING CM Furnaces Inc NJ Harper International NY See ad on page 77 Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 HED INTI Inc NJ Keith Co CA L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA See ad on page 87 Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Nabertherm Inc DE Nutec Bickley Mexico Paragon Industries LP TX PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Thermcraft Inc NC Verder Scientific Inc PA Kilns, Chamber See ad on page 87 Kilns, Periodic (Batch) Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI Carbolite Gero UK Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France CM Furnaces Inc NJ Cober Muegge LLC CT FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Harper International NY Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 77 See ad on page 58 HED INtl Inc NJ L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA See ad on page 87 Nabertherm Inc DE Keith Co CA L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA RD Webb Company Inc MA Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Thermcraft Inc NC Kilns, Pusher Plate Ceritherm France Ceritherm France CM Furnaces Inc NJ Harper International NY Harrop Industries Inc OH HED INtl Inc NJ Keith Co CA L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Nabertherm Inc DE Nutec Bickley Mexico Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Thermcraft Inc NC Wistra GmbH Germany Kilns, Test/Lab American Art Clay Co Inc IN Applied Test Systems Inc PA Carbolite Gero UK Ceramic Services Inc PA CM Furnaces Inc NJ Cober Muegge LLC CT See ad on page 77 See ad on page 58 See ad on page 87 Carbolite Gero UK Ceritherm France Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Nabertherm Inc DE Nutec Bickley Mexico CM Furnaces Inc NJ Harper International NY See ad on page 77 Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Thermcraft Inc NC Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Harrop Industries Inc OH HED INtl Inc NJ Ipsen Ceramics IL Keith Co CA See ad on page 58 FCT Systeme GmbH Germany Harper International NY Harrop Industries Inc OH Keith Co CA See ad on page 77 See ad on page 58 See ad on page 87 Kilns, Conveyor Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France Harper International NY Harrop Industries Inc OH HED INtl Inc NJ Keith Co CA Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Nabertherm Inc DE Nutec Bickley Mexico Recco Furnaces CA Kilns, Elevator Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI Applied Test Systems Inc PA Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France CM Furnaces Inc NJ Harper International NY See ad on page 77 See ad on page 58 Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Recco Furnaces CA Kilns, Roller Hearth Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France Harper International NY See ad on page 77 Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 HED INtl Inc NJ Keith Co CA Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Nutec Bickley Mexico Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Wistra GmbH Germany Kilns, Rotary Ceritherm France CM Furnaces Inc NJ L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Nabertherm Inc DE Nutec Bickley Mexico Paragon Industries LP TX PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada RD Webb Company Inc MA Recco Furnaces CA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Thermcraft Inc NC Verder Scientific Inc PA Kilns, Tunnel (Continuous) Applied Test Systems Inc PA Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Ceramic Services Inc PA Ceritherm France CM Furnaces Inc NJ Cober Muegge LLC CT Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO Euro Support Advanced Materials The Harper International NY See ad on page 87 Inside front cover Netherlands See ad on page 77 Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands See ad on page 77 Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 HED INtl Inc NJ Keith Co CA L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA See ad on page 87 Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA Nabertherm Inc DE Nutec Bickley Mexico Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Kilns, Envelope ASME NQA-1 2008 QUALITY ASSURANCE 4 ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED Deltech Furnaces www.deltechfurnaces.com Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO Fives North American Combustion Inc OH Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Inside front cover Harper International NY Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 77 See ad on page 58 Ceritherm France HED INTI Inc NJ Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 Lucifer Furnaces Inc PA HED INtl Inc NJ Nutec Bickley Mexico Keith Co CA Raymond Bartlett Snow-Schneck Processing IL HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com Harrop Industries Inc OH Keith Co CA Nutec Bickley Mexico Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Wistra GmbH Germany Lehrs See ad on page 58 L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ Thermcraft Inc NC L&L Special Furnace Co Inc PA See ad on page 87 Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Nabertherm Inc DE Ceramic Services Inc PA Harrop Industries Inc OH Keith Co CA See ad on page 58 PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Kilns, Shuttle Recco Furnaces CA Recco Furnaces CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Ceramic Services Inc PA 88 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 EDUCATION & RESOURCES Microwave Systems Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Ceralink Inc NY Ceritherm France CM Furnaces Inc NJ Cober Muegge LLC CT Gerling Applied Engineering Inc CA Harper International NY See ad on page 77 HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com Books APC International Ltd PA Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Journal of the American Ceramic Society OH SAMPE CA Sheffield Pottery MA Continuing Education Alfred University NY Arizona State University AZ See ad on page 40 CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Germany International Centre for Diffraction Data PA Jenike & Johanson Inc MA JTF Microscopy Services LLC NY Spontaneous Materials CO Tethon 3D NE Degree Programs, ABET Accredited Alfred University OUTSIDE of ORDINARY go.alfred.edu/CACT Alfred University NY See ad on page 40 Harrop Industries Inc OH RocCera LLC NY See ad on page 58 Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan Oxygen Supply Air Products PA Process/Quality Control Systems Applied Test Systems Inc PA Datapaq Inc NH General Glass Equipment Co NJ Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH Pyrometric Cones/Plaques American Art Clay Co Inc IN Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation OH Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Trinity Ceramic Supply Inc TX Sensors, Temperature Datapaq Inc NH Penn Tool Co NJ Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Thermocouples & Accessories AdValue Technology LLC AZ American Art Clay Co Inc IN American Isostatic Presses OH CM Furnaces Inc NJ Datapaq Inc NH See ad on page 51 Gasbarre Products Inc PA See ad on page 93 Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 Keith Co CA Leico Industries Inc NJ TT TevTech Materials Processing Solutions CUSTOM DESIGNED VACUUM FURNACES CVD AND CVI FOR Unsurpassed thermal and deposition uniformity Exceptional Automated control systems providing consistent quality product Pilot Scale systems available for rapid product development Materials Research Furnaces Inc NH McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Quintus Technologies LLC OH Recco Furnaces CA Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 ■ EDUCATION & RESOURCES Associations & Societies Assoc of American Ceramic Component Manufacturers (AACCM) OH Brick Industry Assn VA Glass Mfg Industry Council OH Indian Ceramic Society India International Centre for Diffraction Data PA Journal of the American Ceramic Society OH SAMPE CA The American Ceramic Society OH Systems installed and operating in Asia, U.S. and Europe BEEE ASME SETTING THE STANDARD ASME SECTION VIII BPVC CERTIFIED OVER 251 YEARS EXPERIENCE www.tevtechllc.com 100 Billerica Ave Billerica, MA 01862 sales@tevtechllc.com Call (978) 667-4557 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 89 ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC CERAMICS Case Western Reserve University OH Massachusetts Inst of Technology MA Missouri University of Science and Technology MO Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst NY Degree Programs, Ceramic Alfred University OUTSIDE of ORDINARY go.alfred.edu/CACT Alfred University NY See ad on page 40 Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Germany Massachusetts Inst of Technology MA Missouri University of Science and Technology MO Degree Programs, Glass Engrg Science Alfred University OUTSIDE of ORDINARY C go.alfred.edu/CACT Alfred University NY ■ ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC CERAMICS Antennas, Dielectric Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands O\'Keefe Ceramics Inc CO Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Capacitors See ad on page 81 Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA AVX Corp SC Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Induceramic Canada Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd Japan Ceramic-Brazed Assemblies AdTech Ceramics TN CeramTec North America Corp SC Induceramic Canada Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Conductors AdTech Ceramics TN CerPoTech AS Norway ESL ElectroScience PA Master Bond Inc NJ NorECS AS Norway Crystals Induceramic Canada See ad on page 40 Kyocera International Inc CA Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY See ad on page 89 Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Germany Degree Programs, Materials Science Alfred University NY Arizona State University AZ Case Western Reserve University OH MSE Supplies AZ TevTech LLC MA Dielectrics See ad on page 40 AVX Corp SC Centerline Technologies MA Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Germany Massachusetts Inst of Technology MA Missouri University of Science and Technology MO Rensselaer Polytechnic InstNY Employment Services SAMPE CA Publications American Ceramic Society Bulletin OH American Scientific Publishers CA Chemical Abstracts Service OH GrainBound LLC PA Indian Ceramic Society India Journal of the American Ceramic Society OH Ultrasonic Transducers Piezo by Graco OH CerPoTech AS Norway ENRG Inc NY ESL ElectroScience PA Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Morgan Advanced Materials CA NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd Japan Pacific Ceramics Inc CA Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Ferrites & Ferromagnetics Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Pacific Ceramics Inc CA Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Spontaneous Materials CO Filters, Dielectric CerPoTech AS Norway Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd Japan Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Fuel Cells, Solid Oxide AdTech Ceramics TN See ad on page 81 Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Cancarb Limited Canada CerPoTech AS Norway ENRG Inc NY ESL ElectroScience PA Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Nexceris LLC OH NorECS AS Norway Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD High-Voltage Insulators Akron Porcelain & Plastics Co OH Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec North America Corp SC Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Elcon Precision LLC CA Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA See ad on page 81 Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Hybrid Circuits & Packages AdTech Ceramics TN AVX Corp SC Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China IC Packages AdTech Ceramics TN Kyocera International Inc CA NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd Japan Insulators, Electrical/Electronic Accuratus Corp NJ AdTech CeramicsTN AdValue Technology LLC AZ Akron Porcelain & Plastics Co OH Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec North America Corp SC CerCo LLC OH Du-Co Ceramics Company PA ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH ESL ElectroScience PA Federal-Mogul MI Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Materion Ceramics AZ Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn CA NEVZ-Ceramics Close JSC Russia P-Ker Engineering NY Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Sonya Ceramics (Export Division) India Superior Technical Ceramics Corp VT Toto Ltd Japan See ad on page 51 Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Zircoa Inc OH Magnets Spontaneous Materials CO Microwave Packages AdTech Ceramics TN Kyocera International Inc CA Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd Japan Multilayer Ceramics, AIN AdTech Ceramics TN NEVZ-Ceramics Close JSC Russia Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Multilayer Ceramics, Custom AdTech Ceramics TN EBL Products Inc CT 90 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 FABRICATING & FINISHING ENRG Inc NY Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Piezo by Graco OH Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Piezoelectrics APC International Ltd PA AVX Corp SC EBL Products Inc CT Meggitt Piezo Technologies IN Morgan Advanced Materials CA Sparkler Ceramics Pvt Ltd India Resistors, Thick-Film ESL ElectroScience PA Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd Japan Resonators AVX Corp SC Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd Japan NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd Japan Advanced Energy CO Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Laserage Technology Corp IL NEVZ-Ceramics Close JSC Russia NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd Japan Ortech Inc CA Saint-Gobain NorPro OH Toto Ltd Japan Valley Design Corp MA Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Substrates, Aluminum Nitride Accuratus Corp NJ Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Limited China AdTech Ceramics TN Bullen OH Centerline Technologies MA CoorsTek CO Laserage Technology Corp IL MSE Supplies AZ NEVZ-Ceramics Close JSC Russia Ortech Inc CA Starfire Systems Inc NY Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Substrates, Glass Accuratus Corp NJ Bullen OH Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD See ad on page 81 Valley Design Corp MA RF Components AdTech Ceramics TN Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd Japan Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD See ad on page 81 Semiconductors Cancarb Limited Canada Elcon Precision LLC CA Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY NEVZ-Ceramics Close JSC Russia Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd Japan Toto Ltd Japan Sensors AdTech Ceramics TN AVX Corp SC Bullen OH CeramTec North America Corp SC EBL Products Inc CT ENRG Inc NY Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd Japan Neoptix Canada Optocon AG Germany Piezo by Graco OH Quality Thermistor Inc ID Sparkler Ceramics Pvt Ltd India Technisonic Research Inc CT Spark Plugs Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA CerCo LLC OH Federal-Mogul MI Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd Japan Substrates, Alumina Accuratus Corp NJ Substrates, Alumina Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Limited China AdTech Ceramics TN Bullen OH Centerline Technologies MA CeramTec North America Corp SC CoorsTek CO Centerline Technologies MA Laserage Technology Corp IL RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Saint-Gobain Recherche France Valley Design Corp MA Substrates, Other Accuratus Corp NJ Akron Porcelain & Plastics Co OH Bullen OH Centerline Technologies MA CoorsTek CO Du-Co Ceramics Company PA ENRG Inc NY Materion Ceramics AZ MSE Supplies AZ NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd Japan Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Valley Design Corp MA Substrates, Silicon Carbide Bullen OH Centerline Technologies MA Ferro Ceramic Grinding Inc MA Ortech Inc CA Toto Ltd Japan Valley Design Corp MA See ad on page 81 Superconductors, High-Temperature ENRG Inc NY Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Tapes Du-Co Ceramics Company PA ESL ElectroScience PA Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Thermistors AVX Corp SC Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd Japan Quality Thermistor Inc ID American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org Transducers APC International Ltd PA CSC Force Measurement Inc MA EBL Products Inc CT Meggitt Piezo Technologies IN Neoptix Canada Piezo by Graco OH Sparkler Ceramics Pvt Ltd India Technisonic Research Inc CT Transformers Grand Power Systems formally Warner Power LLC MI RoMan Manufacturing MI Ultrasonic Ceramics APC International Ltd PA EBL Products Inc CT Meggitt Piezo Technologies IN Piezo by Graco OH Varistors AVX Corp SC Kyocera International Inc CA ■FABRICATING & FINISHING Abrasives Allied High Tech Products Inc CA Diacut Inc CO Diamond Industrial Tools 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1ā FABRICATING & FINISHING Dynacut Inc PA Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Liberty Machinery Co IL Cold-End Coatings, Glass RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Controllers Dorst America Inc PA General Glass Equipment Co NJ Laguna Clay Co CA Rockwell Automation Inc WI Cutting Equipment Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Diamond Industrial Tools Inc IL General Glass Equipment Co NJ Haiku Tech Inc FL Jet Edge Waterjet Systems MN Liberty Machinery Co IL OptiPro Systems LLC NY See ad on page 93 Penn Tool Co NJ Sigmadiamant Spain Suntech Advanced Ceramics (Shenzhen) Co Ltd China Cutting Tools Diamond Industrial Tools Inc IL Dianamic Abrasive Products Inc MI Dynacut Inc PA Engis Corp IL Greenlee Diamond Tool Co IL LECO Corp MI Liberty Machinery Co IL Saint-Gobain Abrasives MA Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Diamond Saws Allied High Tech Products Inc CA Aremco Products Inc NY Diacut Inc CO Dynacut Inc PA Greenlee Diamond Tool Co IL Liberty Machinery Co IL 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front cover Horiba Instruments Inc CA See ad on page 87 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 97 LABORATORY SERVICES Mills, Laboratory Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing AZ Custom Processing Services PA Detroit Process Machinery MI Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Fritsch Milling & Sizing Inc NC Ivoclar Vivadent Inc Principality of Liechtensteinen MSE Supplies AZ Stedman Machine Co IN Union Process OH Mixers, Laboratory B&P Littleford MI Custom Processing Services PA Detroit Process Machinery MI EIRICH Machines Inc IL Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Lancaster Products PA Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Ram Products Inc OH Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Moisture Testing LECO Corp MI Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA Optical Comparitors Penn Tool Co NJ Optical Property Measurement Instruments Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany pH Meters Horiba Instruments Inc CA Mettler-Toledo Inc OH Ocean 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www.ceramics.org Activation Laboratories Ltd Canada Alfred University NY AVEKA MN See ad on page 40 CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO Datapaq Inc NH The Edward Orton Jr. Ceramic Foundation Glass Testing Equipment Orton ortonceramic.com/instruments 614-895-2663 email:info@ortonceramic.com Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation OH 9 99 MATERIALS PREPARATION, HANDLING & PACKAGING Evans Analytical Group LLC CA Harper International NY See ad on page 77 HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com ■MATERIALS PREPARATION, HANDLING & PACKAGING Agglomerators Applicon Co IN B&P Littleford MI Lancaster Products PA Bagging Equipment Applicon Co IN Cyclonaire Corp NE Ingredient Masters Inc OH See ad on page 101 Harrop Industries Inc OH See ad on page 58 High Temperature Materials Lab TN Lancaster Products PA Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN Israel Ceramic & Silicate Inst Israel Japan Fine Ceramics Center Japan Mettler-Toledo Inc OH Micron Inc DE Netzsch Instruments NA LLC MA See ad on page 109 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See ad on page 101 Crushers, Jaw Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN Applicon Co IN Edge Protectors Tempo Plastic CA Velco GmbH Germany Conveyors, Screw Applicon Co IN Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Fritsch Milling & Sizing Inc NC Electric Screen Heating Glen Mills Inc NJ See ad on page 103 Carolina Material Technologies NC Ingredient Masters Inc OH See ad on page 101 Stedman Machine Co IN Verder Scientific Inc PA Crushers, Primary See ad on page 87 Cyclonaire Corp NE Mixer Systems Inc WI Conveyors, Vibrating Applicon Co IN Carolina Material Technologies NC Cleveland Vibrator Co OH Crushers Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI Williams Patent Crusher & Pulverizer Co Inc MO Crushers, Roll Applicon Co IN Lancaster Products PA Williams Patent Crusher & Pulverizer Co Inc MO Cullet-Handling Equipment Applicon Co IN General Glass Equipment Co NJ Optimation - Klug Systems NY AVEKA MN Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Detroit Process Machinery MI Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Fritsch Milling & Sizing 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INGREDIENT MASTERS M INC. . 513-231-7432 ingredientmasters.com 101 MATERIALS PREPARATION, HANDLING & PACKAGING Feeders, Pneumatic Carolina Material Technologies NC Cyclonaire Corp NE Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN Filters Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Granulators Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI Materials Handling Equipment Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Carolina Material Technologies NC Cyclonaire Corp NE Gasbarre Products Inc PA Lancaster Products PA Mixer Systems Inc WI Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN North Star Equipment Inc WA Optimation Klug Systems NY Penn Tool Co NJ Reed Gunite & Shotcrete Equipment CA Rockwell Automation Inc WI See ad on page 93 Siemens Process Industries and Drives GA Applicon Co IN B&P Littleford MI Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Mohr Corp MI See ad on page 79 Netzsch Premier Technologies LLC PA Wyssmont Co NJ Mill Linings Grinders Buehler Ltd IL Diamond Industrial Tools Inc IL Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Tempo Plastic CA Young Industries Inc PA CerCo LLC OH ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Jyoti Ceramic Industries Pvt Ltd India Mills Custom Processing Services PA ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Fritsch Milling & Sizing Inc NC Glen Mills Inc NJ See ad on page 103 Mohr Corp MI See ad on page 79 Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Fritsch Milling & Sizing Inc NC Netzsch Premier Technologies LLC PA See ad on page 103 Stedman Machine Co IN Hockmeyer Equipment Corp NC Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Netzsch Premier Technologies LLC PA Raymond Bartlett Snow-Schneck Processing IL Glen Mills Inc NJ Wyssmont Co NJ Grinding Media CerCo LLC OH CoorsTek CO Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Federal-Mogul MI Fritsch GmbH - 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Milling and Sizing Germany Glen Mills Inc NJ Stedman Machine Co IN See ad on page 103 Williams Patent Crusher & Pulverizer Co Inc MO Single-Wafer Packs Tempo Plastic CA Size Reduction Equipment AVEKA MN Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Custom Processing Services PA EIRICH Machines Inc IL ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Glen Mills Inc NJ Lancaster Products PA Netzsch Premier Technologies LLC PA See ad on page 103 Raymond Bartlett Snow-Schneck Processing IL Stedman Machine Co IN Union Process OH Williams Patent Crusher & Pulverizer Co Inc MO Wyssmont Co NJ Netzsch Premier Technologies LLC PA OPF Enterprises TX Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Resodyn Acoustic Mixers Inc MT Young Industries Inc PA Nozzles CerCo LLC OH Dunhua Zhengxing Abrasive Co Ltd China Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Packaging Tempo Plastic CA Packaging Equipment Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Pneumatic Systems Applicon Co IN Carolina Material Technologies NC Cyclonaire Corp NE Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN Reed Gunite & Shotcrete Equipment CA Velco GmbH Germany Young Industries Inc PA Process Control Equipment Control Instruments Corp NJ General Glass Equipment Co NJ Datapaq Inc NH Ingredient Masters Inc OH Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN Norcross Viscosity Controls MI Optimation Klug Systems NY Ram Products Inc OH Rockwell Automation Inc WI See ad on page 101 MIX THE IMPOSSIBLE ALPHIE 3D Tumble Mixer For homogeneous mixing of powders with different densities, particle sizes, and concentrations. Glen Mills Kakyhunter PLANETARY CENTRIFUGAL MIXER For homogeneous mixing and degassing of viscous materials and pastes. 973-777-0777 973-777-0070 Info@glenmills.com 220 Delawanna Ave. Clifton, NJ 07014 Glen Mills.com Siemens Process Industries and Drives GA American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 103 PLANT CONSTRUCTION, DESIGN & ENGINEERING Spray Dryers Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI Arch Maintenance Services GA AVEKA MN Detroit Process Machinery MI Dorst America Inc PA Elan Technology GA Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Mohr Corp MI Spray Drying Systems Inc MD Storage Equipment Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Storage Equipment Cyclonaire Corp NE Substrate Wafer Trays Tempo Plastic CA Used Equipment Aadvanced Machinery Inc MI American Isostatic Presses OH Detroit Process Machinery MI Dorst America Inc PA See ad on page 79 Mohri CORPORATION Ceramic Machinery and Factory Liquidations www.mohrcorp.com Mohr Corp MI Reed Gunite & Shotcrete Equipment CA See ad on page 79 ■PLANT CONSTRUCTION, DESIGN & ENGINEERING Brick Production Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Laeis GmbH Luxembourg Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Casting Plants Dorst America Inc PA ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Ceramic Production Cerinnov France Cerlase France GrainBound LLC PA Lucideon UK Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Riedhammer GmbH Germany Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Viridis3D LLC MA See ad on page 81 Combustion Systems Air Products PA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Decals & Decorating Cerinnov France Cerlase France Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Drying & Firing Basic Machinery Co Inc NC Ceramic Services Inc PA Inspection Systems CSC Force Measurement Inc MA Fosbel Inc OH Rockwell Automation Inc WI Siemens Process Industries and Drives GA Laboratories Activation Laboratories Ltd Canada Optical-Fiber Production Ocean Optics Inc FL Refractory Production ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Fosbel Inc OH Laeis GmbH Luxembourg Laguna Clay Co CA Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Structural Ceramics Production CerCo LLC OH Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Takasago Industry Co Ltd Japan TevTech LLC MA Tile Production Laeis GmbH Luxembourg LIXIL Corporation Japan Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA Whiteware Production LIXIL Corporation Japan Ram Products Inc OH Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA See ad on page 89 Vacuum Cleaning Systems ■ PORCELAIN ENAMEL Appliances Roca Sanitario SA Spain Zenith China Architectural Units Roca Sanitario SA Spain Zenith China Ceramic Coatings, Thermal Protection Cerinnov France Cerlase France Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of See ad on page 81 Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Zenith China See ad on page 81 Carolina Material Technologies NC Ventilating Equipment American Art Clay Co Inc IN Vibrators Carolina Material Technologies NC Cleveland Vibrator Co OH Optimation - Klug Systems NY Rockwell Automation Inc WI Vibrators, Bin Carolina Material Technologies NC Cleveland Vibrator Co OH Cyclonaire Corp NE Weighing Equipment Carolina Material Technologies NC CSC Force Measurement Inc MA Cyclonaire Corp NE Mettler-Toledo Inc OH Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN Optimation - Klug Systems NY Rockwell Automation IncWI Siemens Process Industries and Drives GA Weighing/Scales Optimation - Klug Systems NY Wire Cloth Midwestern Industries Inc OH HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com Harrop Industries Inc OH Swindell Dressler Intl Co PA Wistra GmbH Germany See ad on page 58 Electronic Materials Production Haiku Tech Europe BV The Netherlands Haiku Tech Inc FL Trans-Tech Inc a subsidiary of Skyworks Solutions Inc MD Environmental Control Cyclonaire Corp NE Mixer Systems Inc WI Nol-Tec Systems Inc MN RoboVent MI Rockwell Automation Inc WI Saint-Gobain NorPro OH Tri-Mer Corp MI Fabrication Shops Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Glass Production CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands General Glass Equipment Co NJ Optimation - Klug Systems NY RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Schott North America Inc NY Tri-Mer Corp MI 104 Porcelain Riedhammer GmbH Germany www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 ■REFRACTORIES Acid Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Magneco Metrel Inc IL Pacific Refractories Ltd India Vitcas Ltd UK Aggregate Christy Minerals LLC MO Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Magneco Metrel Inc IL Maryland Refractories Co OH Alumina Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Baikowski Malakoff Inc NC Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec-ETEC Germany Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Elcon Precision LLC CA ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Fosbel Inc OH General Material Industrial Co China GrainBound LLC PA IPS Ceramics LTD UK Ipsen Ceramics IL Magneco Metrel Inc IL Maryland Refractories Co OH Materion Ceramics AZ Pacific Refractories Ltd India Plibrico Company IL See ad on page 105 Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Basic Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Magneco Metrel Inc IL RHI US Ltd NY Blankets Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Morgan Thermal Ceramics GA RHI US Ltd NY Thermal Products Co Inc GA Unifrax I LLC NY Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Boards Agni Fiber Boards Pvt Ltd India Morgan Thermal Ceramics GA RHI US Ltd NY Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Thermal Products Co Inc NY Unifrax I LLC NY Zircar CERAMICS High Temperature Fibrous Ceramic Materials www.zircarceramics.com Zircar Ceramics Inc NY Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Brick APF Recycling Inc OH Cancarb Limited Canada General Material Industrial Co China HarbisonWalker Intl PA IFB Insulating Firebrick Inc PA Morgan Thermal Ceramics GA Pacific Refractories Ltd India RHI US Ltd NY Sunrock Ceramics Co IL Wistra GmbH Germany Brick, Acid-Resisting Pacific Refractories Ltd India Vitcas Ltd UK Brick, Fireclay Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Alsey Refractories Co MO Pacific Refractories Ltd India RHI US Ltd NY Vitcas Ltd UK Carbon Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Cancarb Limited Canada Pacific Refractories Ltd India Riedhammer GmbH Germany Castable Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Alsey Refractories Co MO Aremco Products Inc NY Cancarb Limited Canada Capital Refractories Ltd UK Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Rath Inc DE Refractory Minerals Co Inc PA RHI US Ltd NY Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Selee Corp NC Sunrock Ceramics Co IL Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Wistra GmbH Germany Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Zircar Zirconia, Inc. Manufacturing High Temperature Fibrous Ceramic Insulation Using the Original ZIRCAR Process Zircar sales@zircarzirconia.com (845) 651-3040 www.zircarzirconia.com Zircar Zirconia Inc NY Anchors Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc PA Magneco Metrel Inc IL Arches, Suspended Fosbel Inc OH Ipsen Ceramics IL Merkle International Inc IL AZS Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Fosbel Inc OH Magneco Metrel Inc IL Monofrax LLC NY RHI US Ltd NY Backwalls Fosbel Inc OH Merkle International Inc IL P Plibrico Refractory Material and Services Centered Around Your Needs Powered by knowledgeable experts with genuine experience 312-337-9000 www.plibrico.com REFRACTORIES ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org REFRACTORIES 105 REFRACTORIES HarbisonWalker Intl PA Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Magneco Metrel Inc IL Pacific Refractories Ltd India Refractories Engineering. Construction P Plibrico 312-337-9000 CoorsTek CO Du-Co Ceramics Company PA ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH IPS Ceramics LTD UK Maryland Refractories Co OH Rauschert Industries Inc GA Fused Cast Fosbel Inc OH Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Monofrax LLC NY Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Fused Spinel Refractories Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Crucibles Glass Furnace See ad on page 105 AdValue Technology LLC AZ Allied Mineral Products Inc OH APC International Ltd PA Aremco Products Inc NY See ad on page 51 Deltech Inc (Deltech Furnaces) CO Inside front cover High Temperature Melting www.plibrico.com Plibrico Company IL Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan Reno Refractories Inc AL RHI US Ltd NY Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Selee Corp NC Vitcas Ltd UK Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Cements Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Aremco Products Inc NY Capital Refractories Ltd UK Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Furnace Products & Services Inc PA www.gorka.us Gorka Cement Poland Kerneos Inc VA Plibrico Company IL Reno Refractories Inc AL Unifrax I LLC NY Vitcas Ltd UK Clay Flux GÓRKA GÓRKA CEMENT since 1912 high-alumina cements calcium aluminate cements Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Peter Pugger Mfg Inc CA RHI US Ltd NY Coatings Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Aremco Products Inc NY Elcon Precision LLC CA Fosbel Inc OH Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Fusion Ceramics Inc OH Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd UK Induceramic Canada Magneco Metrel Inc IL Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan Rath Inc DE See ad on page 71 See ad on page 105 Riverside Refractories Inc--Allied Mineral Products AL Starfire Systems Inc NY Thermal Products Co Inc GA Unifrax I LLC NY Vitcas Ltd UK Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY ZYP Coatings Inc TN Cordierite Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Akron Porcelain & Plastics Co OH Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China 106 Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec-ETEC Germany Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Ipsen Ceramics IL LECO Corp MI Magneco Metrel Inc IL Materion Ceramics AZ McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA Progressive Technology Inc CA Selee Corp NC Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Zhengzhou Mission Ceramic Products Co Ltd China Zircoa Inc OH Dead-Burned Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Fiber Products Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Furnace Products & Services Inc PA LECO Corp MI Thermal Products Co Inc GA Unifrax I LLC NY Vitcas Ltd UK Zircar CERAMICS High Temperature Fibrous Ceramic Materials www.zircarceramics.com Zircar Ceramics Inc NY Filters, Molten Metal Akron Porcelain & Plastics Co OH Induceramic Canada Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Selee Corp NC Foundry Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Capital Refractories Ltd UK Fosbel Inc OH Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Ipsen Ceramics IL LECO Corp MI Magneco Metrel Inc IL Plibrico Company IL Riverside Refractories Inc--Allied Mineral Products AL Selee Corp NC Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Offer Test for Evaluation Diversified Controls and Systems, Inc. dcsjp@aol.com www.divconsys.com Phone: (716)652-1460 ELT IZER ME R&D/Pilot Plant Facility Diversified Controls & Systems NY Fosbel Inc OH Furnace Products & Services Inc PA HarbisonWalker Intl PA Ipsen Ceramics IL Magneco Metrel Inc IL RHI US Ltd NY RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden Vesuvius SC Graphite Applied Ceramics Inc CA Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Riedhammer GmbH Germany Grog Alsey Refractories Co MO Maryland Refractories Co OH Gunning Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Blastcrete Equipment Co AL Capital Refractories Ltd UK Fosbel Inc OH Plibrico Company IL Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan Reno Refractories Inc AL See ad on page 105 Riverside Refractories Inc--Allied Mineral Products AL Unifrax I LLC NY Velco GmbH Germany High-Alumina Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Applied Ceramics Inc CA Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Ceramco Inc NH Ceram Tec-ETEC Germany Custom Processing Services PA Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Fosbel Inc OH IPS Ceramics LTD UK Ipsen Ceramics IL LECO Corp MI Magneco Metrel IncIL Monofrax LLC NY See ad on page 105 Maryland Refractories Co OH Plibrico Company IL See ad on page 105 Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan Rath Inc DE RHI US Ltd NY www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 REFRACTORIES Riedhammer GmbH Germany Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Selee Corp NC Sunrock Ceramics Co IL Tethon 3D NE Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Zhengzhou Mission Ceramic Products Co Ltd China Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Insulating Brick Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Furnace Products & Services Inc PA General Material Industrial CoChina IFB Insulating Firebrick Inc PA Laguna Clay Co CA PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada RHI US LtdNY Riedhammer GmbH Germany Zircoa Inc OH Insulation Agni Fiber Boards Pvt Ltd India Capital Refractories Ltd UK Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Furnace Products & Services Inc PA General Material Industrial Co China HarbisonWalker Intl PA Induceramic Canada Plibrico Company IL Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada Rath Inc DE Reno Refractories Inc AL RHI US Ltd NY Thermal Products Co Inc GA Unifrax I LLC NY Vesuvius SC Wistra GmbH Germany See ad on page 105 Zircar ICERAMICS High Temperature Fibrous Ceramic Materials www.zircarceramics.com Zircar Ceramics Inc NY Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Zircar Zirconia, Inc. Manufacturing High Temperature Fibrous Ceramic Insulation Using the Original ZIRCAR Process Zircar sales@zircarzirconia.com (845) 651-3040 www.zircarzirconia.com Zircar Zirconia Inc NY Insulation, Microporous Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Thermal Products Co Inc GA Unifrax I LLC NY Kiln Car Insulation Thermal Products Co Inc GA Kiln Furniture Advanced Ceramic Technology CA American Art Clay Co Inc IN Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Ceramco Inc NH Induceramic Canada Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Ipsen Ceramics IL L&L Kiln Mfg Inc NJ Laguna Clay Co CA Magneco Metrel Inc IL Paragon Industries LP TX PSH Kilns & Furnaces Canada RHI US Ltd NY Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA Selee Corp NC Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Sunrock Ceramics Co IL Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Zircoa Inc OH Magnesite Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Fluid Energy Processing & Equipment Co PA Furnace Products & Services Inc PA RHI US Ltd NY Riedhammer GmbH Germany Monolithic Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Cancarb Limited Canada Ceramco Inc NH Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Magneco Metrel Inc IL Plibrico Company IL See ad on page 105 Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan RHI US Ltd NY Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics MA Selee Corp NC Zili USA LLC PA Mortars Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Alsey Refractories Co MO CoorsTek CO Monofrax LLC NY Pacific Refractories Ltd India Plibrico Company IL Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan See ad on page 105 Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Atlantic Equipment Engineers NJ Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec-ETEC Germany Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India ER Advanced Ceramics Inc OH Fosbel IncOH General Material Industrial Co China Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH IPS Ceramics LTD UK Magneco Metrel Inc IL McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA Reade Advanced Materials RI RHI US Ltd NY Robocasting Enterprises LLC NM Unifrax I LLC NY Nozzles Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Blastcrete Equipment Co AL CeramTec-ETEC Germany FELDCO Intl CA Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Jyoti Ceramic Industries Pvt Ltd India LECO Corp MI Magneco Metrel Inc IL Reed Gunite & Shotcrete Equipment CA Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Zircoa Inc OH Paper Thermal Products Co Inc GA Unifrax I LLC NY Plastic Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Capital Refractories Ltd UK Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Plibrico Company IL Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan RHI US Ltd NY See ad on page 105 Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Precast Shapes Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Capital Refractories Ltd UK Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec-ETEC Germany Fosbel Inc OH Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Magneco Metrel Inc IL Refractories Engineering Construction P Plibrico 312-337-9000 www.plibrico.com Insulation Board Agni Fiber Boards Pvt Ltd India Thermal Products Co Inc GA Unifrax I LLC NY Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Insulation Slabs, Calcium Silicate Furnace Products & Services Inc PA Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Insulation Slabs, Vermiculite IFB Insulating Firebrick Inc PA Refratechnik Ceramics GmbH Germany Reno Refractories Inc AL RHI US Ltd NY Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Vitcas Ltd UK Mullite Advanced Ceramic Technology CA Akron Porcelain & Plastics Co OH Plibrico Company IL See ad on page 105 Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan RHI US Ltd NY Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Selee Corp NC Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Allied Mineral Products Inc OH American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org 107 REFRACTORIES Ramming Mixes Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Alsey Refractories Co MO CoorsTek CO Custom Processing Services PA Electro Abrasives Corp NY Zircon Custom Processing Services PA Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Fosbel Inc OH RHI US Ltd NY Monofrax LLC NY Fosbel Inc OH Plibrico Company IL See ad on page 105 IPS Ceramics LTD UK Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan Magneco Metrel Inc IL Vitcas Ltd UK RHI US Ltd NY Momentive Performance Materials Inc NY Zircoa Inc OH Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Selee Corp NC Plibrico Company IL See ad on page 105 Plibrico Japan Co Ltd Japan Zirconia Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Rods Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Limited China Reade Advanced Materials RI Riedhammer GmbH Germany Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA AdValue Technology LLC AZ See ad on page 51 Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Selee Corp NC CerCo LLC OH Du-Co Ceramics Company PA Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH LECO Corp MI McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC PA Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Rollers Keith Co CA Recco Furnaces CA Riedhammer GmbH Germany Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA Saggers AdValue Technology LLC AZ See ad on page 51 Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Ceramco Inc NH IPS Ceramics LTD UK Ipsen Ceramics IL LECO Corp MI Magneco Metrel Inc IL Selee Corp NC Sunrock Ceramics Co IL Setters AdValue Technology LLC AZ See ad on page 51 Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Ceramco Inc NH Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Ipsen Ceramics IL LECO Corp MI Magneco Metrel Inc IL Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA Selee Corp NC Sunrock Ceramics Co IL Silica Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Fosbel Inc OH Ipsen Ceramics IL Maryland Refractories Co OH RHI US Ltd NY Selee Corp NC Sibelco Benelux Belgium Silicon Carbide Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd India Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Cancarb Limited Canada Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Specialty Allied Mineral Products Inc OH Alsey Refractories Co MO Blasch Precision Ceramics Inc NY Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec-ETEC Germany CoorsTek CO Goceram AB Sweden Industrial Ceramic Products IncOH Magneco Metrel InclL McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLCPA Refrac SystemsAZ Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Spheres, Ceramic Piezo by GracoOH Tap Hole Clays Cancarb LimitedCanada Riverside Refractories Inc-Allied Mineral Products AL Vitcas Ltd UK Textile AdValue Technology Alumina - Fused Quartz - Sapphire Boron Nitride - High Purity Powders Laser Marker - Laser Machining Advaluetech.com AdValue Technology LLC AZ Thermal Products Co Inc GA Tubes 1-520-514-1100 See ad on page 51 AdValue Technology LLC AZ See ad on page 51 Bucher Emhart Glass SA Switzerland Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec-ETEC Germany Industrial Ceramic Products Inc OH Jyoti Ceramic Industries Pvt Ltd India LECO Corp MI Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics & Refractories & Hexoloy SiC Materials MA Silicon Carbide Products Inc NY Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Zhengzhou Mission Ceramic Products Co Ltd China Zircar Refractory Composites Inc NY Astral Material Industrial Co Ltd China Ceramco Inc NH CeramTec-ETEC Germany CerCo LLC OH CoorsTek CO Custom Processing Services PA Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India ENRG Inc NY Fosbel Inc OH Lithoz GmbH NY Precision Ferrites and Ceramics Inc CA Refractron Technologies Corp NY RHI US Ltd NY Selee CorpNC Texers Technical Ceramics Inc Canada Xiamen Innovacera Advanced Materials Co Ltd China Zhengzhou Mission Ceramic Products Co Ltd China Zibo Guangtong Chemical Co Ltd China Zircar Zirconia, Inc. Manufacturing High Temperature Fibrous Ceramic Insulation Using the Original ZIRCAR Process sales@zircarzirconia.com (845) 651-3040 Zircar www.zircarzirconia.com Zircar Zirconia Inc NY Zircoa Inc OH ■RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS Academic Alfred University NY Applied Research Center SC Cerinnov France Cerlase France See ad on page 40 Inst for Applied Materials-Ceramics in Mechanical Engineering Karlsruhe Inst of Technology Germany Israel Ceramic & Silicate Inst Israel Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon Mexico Certification, ISO GE Global Research NY Lucideon UK Government Contract/Independent Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing AZ Applied Research Center SC CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute India Ceramitec Germany CHEMIR - A Division of Evans Analytical Group MO GE Global Research NY Inst for Applied Materials-Ceramics in Mechanical Engineering Karlsruhe Inst of Technology Germany Israel Ceramic & Silicate Inst Israel Japan Fine Ceramics Center Japan Korea Inst of Industrial Technology Korea Lucideon UK Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc MD Sandia National Laboratories NM SRI International CA Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) MD Viridis3D LLC MA 108 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 TESTING/EVALUATION INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENT ■TESTING/EVALUATION INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENT Acoustic Instruments BuzzMac Intl LLC ME James Instruments IL Chemical Analysis Instruments Ocean Optics Inc FL Color Measurement Equipment HunterLab VA Lucideon UK Compression Testing Equipment Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing AZ Applied Test Systems Inc PA CSC Force Measurement Inc MA Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Computer Software Applied Test Systems Inc PA CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands CSC Force Measurement Inc MA Datapaq Inc NH General Glass Equipment Co NJ Object Research Systems Inc Canada Rockwell Automation Inc WI Siemens Process Industries and Drives GA Couplants, Ultrasonic Instruments James Instruments IL Density Analyzers Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA Particle Technology Labs IL Quantachrome Instruments FL RocCera LLC NY Differential Scanning Calorimetry Instruments Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Datapaq Inc NH Linseis Inc NJ Netzsch Instruments NA LLC MA See ad on page 109 Particle Technology Labs IL Setaram Instrumentation France TA Instruments DE Differential Thermal Analysis Instruments Linseis Inc NJ Neoptix Canada Netzsch Instruments NA LLC MA See ad on page 109 Setaram Instrumentation France TA Instruments DE Dilatometers Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation OH Haiku Tech Inc FL Linseis Inc NJ Netzsch Instruments NA LLC MA See ad on page 109 TA Instruments DE Dye Penetrant Equipment & Supplies RocCera LLC NY Spectronics Corp NY Eddy-Current Testing Instruments ETher NDE UK Electrochemical Analysis Instruments Gamry Instruments PA Haiku Tech Inc FL Nanoscience Instruments AZ Ocean Optics Inc FL Electromechanical Analysis Instruments APC International Ltd PA CSC Force Measurement Inc MA James Instruments IL NorECS AS Norway Electronic Analysis Instruments ETher NDE UK James Instruments IL Flexural Analysis Instruments Advanced Ceramics Manufacturing AZ RocCera LLC NY TA Instruments DE Taber Industries NY Gas Analysis Instruments CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Control Instruments Corp NJ Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Horiba Instruments Inc CA Ocean Optics Inc FL Setaram Instrumentation France Image Analysis Instruments Buehler Ltd IL Carl Zeiss Mircolmaging Inc NY Cilas Particle Size WI Fritsch Milling & Sizing Inc NC Horiba Instruments Inc CA LECO Corp MI Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA Nanoscience Instruments AZ Particle Technology Labs IL TA Instruments DE American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramics.org Infrared Spectroscopy Instruments Ocean Optics Inc FL Interferometers OptiPro Systems LLC NY Leak Detectors Spectronics Corp NY See ad on page 93 Microfocus X-Ray Imaging Instruments Horiba Instruments Inc CA Moisture Analyzers James Instruments IL Mettler-Toledo Inc OH Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA MoistTech Corp FL Ocean Optics Inc FL Penn Tool Co NJ Quantachrome Instruments FL Nondestructive Evaluation Instruments American Stress Technologies Inc PA BuzzMac Intl LLC ME Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Datapaq Inc NH ETher NDE UK James Instruments IL Nanoscience Instruments AZ Spectronics Corp NY Thermal Wave Imaging Inc MI Oxygen Analyzers Ocean Optics Inc FL Verder Scientific Inc PA Production Process Optimization and Material Insights using Thermal Analysis Download your free digital copy covering a wide range of ceramic applications: www.netzsch.com/ceramic-ebook NETZSCH Proven Excellence. NETZSCH Prever Excellence Thermal Properties of Ceramics See ad on page 87 109 TESTING/EVALUATION INSTRUMENTS & EQUIPMENT Particle Size Analysis Instruments Brookhaven Instruments Corp NY Cilas Particle Size WI Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Fritsch Milling & Sizing Inc NC Horiba Instruments Inc CA Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA Microtrac Inc PA Particle Technology Labs IL Quantachrome UK- Anton Paar VA Verder Scientific Inc PA See ad on page 87 Pore Size Analyzers Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA Particle Technology Labs IL Quantachrome Instruments FL Pressure Sensors Rockwell Automation Inc WI Siemens Process Industries and Drives GA Raman Spectroscopy Instruments Horiba Instruments Inc CA Ocean Optics Inc FL Sonic Testing James Instruments IL Penn Tool Co NJ Spectroscopy Instruments Cilas Particle Size WI Horiba Instruments Inc CA LECO Corp MI Ocean Optics Inc FL Thermal Diffusivity/Conductivity Analysis Instruments Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Linseis Inc NJ NETZSCH Thermal Analysis Instruments Software Services and Testing 129 Middlesex Turnpike, Burlington MA 01803 Phone: +1 (781) 272 5353 https://www.netzsch-thermal-analysis.com/us/ Netzsch Instruments NA LLC MA See ad on page 109 Setaram Instrumentation France TA Instruments DE Thermal Wave Imaging Inc MI Thermal Imaging CelSian Glass & Solar BV The Netherlands Neoptix Canada Thermal Wave Imaging Inc MI Thermogravimetric Analysis Instruments BuzzMac Intl LLC ME LECO Corp MI Linseis Inc NJ Mettler-Toledo Inc OH Netzsch Instruments NA LLC MA Setaram Instrumentation France TA Instruments DE See ad on page 109 Thermomechanical Analysis Instruments Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation OH Linseis Inc NJ Ultrasonic Transducers APC International Ltd PA James Instruments IL Technisonic Research Inc CT Visual & Optical Testers Haiku Tech Inc FL Optocon AG Germany Penn Tool Co NJ RISE Research Institutes of Sweden RISE Glass Sweden TA Instruments DE Taber Industries NY X-Ray Diffraction Instruments American Stress Technologies Inc PA Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Horiba Instruments Inc CA MSE Supplies AZ RocCera LLC NY X-Ray Instruments American Stress Technologies Inc PA X-Ray Spectroscopy Instruments Cilas Particle Size WI Zeta Potential Analyzers Brookhaven Instruments Corp NY Cilas Particle Size WI Fritsch GmbH - Milling and Sizing Germany Horiba Instruments Inc CA Micromeritics Instrument Corp GA Particle Technology Labs IL Optocon AG Germany Surface Analysis Instruments Carl Zeiss Mircolmaging Inc NY Dalmia Inst of Scientific & Industrial Research India Euro Support Advanced Materials The Netherlands Horiba Instruments Inc CA Hysitron Inc MN Nanoscience InstrumentsAZ OptiPro Systems LLC NY See ad on page 93 Particle Technology Labs IL Quantachrome Instruments FL Taber Industries NY Tensile Testers Applied Test Systems Inc PA CSC Force Measurement Inc MA TA Instruments DE NETZSCH Thermal Analysis Instruments-Software Services and Testing 129 Middlesex Turnpike, Burlington MA 01803 Phone: +1 (781) 272 5353 https://www.netzsch-thermal-analysis.com/us/ Netzsch Instruments NA LLC MA Optocon AG Germany Setaram Instrumentation France TA Instruments DE Ultrasonic Instruments APC International Ltd PA James Instruments IL See ad on page 109 110 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 The CERAMICANDGLASSINDUSTRY ericon FOUNDATION Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Materials Science Classroom Kit The Materials Science Classroom Kit uses fun, hands-on lessons and labs to introduce middle and high school students to the basic classes of materials - ceramics, composites, metals, and polymers. nce Classroom Materials Science Classroom with Interactive Lessons and Labs TAVE Amorest Sockity CERAMIC GLASS ONLY $250 Help inspire students to pursue materials science careers and become the next generation of ceramic and glass professionals by donating a Materials Science Classroom Kit to a school in your area for only $250! For more information or to purchase a kit, visit foundation.ceramics.org/classroom-kits If your organization would like to discuss a multi-kit sponsorship that includes custom-branded packaging, please contact us at foundation@ceramics.org A123 Systems Inc Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member A123 SYSTEMS INC 39000 Seven Mile Rd Livonia MI 48152 http://www.a123systems.com +1 734-772-0300 ADTECH CERAMICS A TS-16949 and ISO9001-certified supplier of advanced lithium-ion cells and systems designed to help customers quickly and cost-effectively take engineering breakthroughs from conception to commercialization. AADVANCED MACHINERY INC 35044 Automation Dr Clinton Township MI 48035 http://aadvancedmach.com service@aadvancedmach.com +1 586-790-1717 Fax: +1 586-790-1871 Buy, sell, trade, and liquidate new and rebuilt machinery for the whitewares, refractories, abrasives, dinnerware, structural clay products, electrical porcelain, and technical ceramics industries. ACCCO INC/BURLEY CLAY PRODUCTS CO +1740-697-2005 451 Gordon St Roseville OH 43777 http://www.accco-inc.com remmert@accco-inc.com Manufacturer of high quality ceramic products and consumer-based ceramic products. Mines and processes rich clay deposits. ACCURATUS CORP 35 Howard St Phillipsburg NJ 08865 http://accuratus.com info@accuratus.com +1 908-213-7070 Fax: +1 908-213-7069 Provides precision ceramic grinding and machining service. Offers ceramic component design and material selection assistance. Manufactures Accuflect light-reflecting ceramic. Distributes rods and tubes. ACTECH PRECISION CERAMIC (HK) LIMITED 1F 8Bld Nangang 2nd Industrial Area Xili Nanshan Shenzhen 518055 China https://actcera.com benny@actcera.com +86 180-2690-8854 Actech Precision Ceramic (HK) Ltd is a company dedicated to the professional fine ceramic manufacture. 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ADAMANT NAMIKI PRECISION JEWEL CO LTD 3-8-22 Shinden Adachi-ku Tokyo 123-8511 Japan https://www.ad-na.com/en adamant@adamant.co.jp +81 3-5390-7600 Fax: +81 3-5390-7650 Combines the value of core expert precision technologies with other values such as advanced development, solutions, quality, and reliability to deliver unprecedented value to customers. 112 511 Manufacturers Rd Chattanooga TN 37405 http://adtechceramics.com sales@adtechceramics.com +1 423-755-5400 Fax: +1 423-755-5438 Produces custom cofired HTCC (alumina) and AIN microelectronic packaging, ceramic injection molded products, and etched metal products for medical, military, and high rel industrial application. Microware modeling and custom design center. A AdValue Technology ADVALUE TECHNOLOGY LLC 3158 S Chrysler Ave Tucson AZ 85713 http://www.advaluetech.com sales@advaluetech.com +1 520-514-1100 +1 520-747-4024 A leading supplier of high-temperature ceramic products made of fused quartz, alumina, sapphire, and zirconia. ADVANCED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY 803 W Angus Ave Orange CA 92868 http://advancedceramictech.com ceramic@prodigy.net +1 714-538-2524 Fax: +1 714-538-2589 Since 1983, ACT manufactures precision ceramic components to customer specifications. Materials include alumina, zirconia, glass, ferrite, cordierite, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride. ADVANCED CERAMICS MANUFACTURING +1 520-547-0850 7800A S Nogales Highway Fax: +1 520-547-0851 Tucson AZ 85756 http://www.acmtucson.com info@acmtucson.com ACM is a supplier of custom technical ceramics, machining services, toll firing, and mechanical testing. We have expertise in custom formulations: nitrides, carbides, borides, and oxides. Patented gel casting. In addition, we conduct sponsored R&D. ADVANCED ENERGY 1625 Sharp Point Dr Fort Collins CO 80525 http://www.advanced-energy.com +1 800-446-9167 Fax: +1 970-407-5296 Advanced Energy devoted more than three decades to perfecting power-enabling design breakthroughs and driving growth for leading semiconductor and industrial customers. ADVANCED MATERIALS ASSOCIATES +1 970-453-1221 PO Box 809 91 Adams Way Cr Ste No 915 Breckenridge CO 80242 http://www.advancedmaterialsassoc.com jjs.ama@comcast.net Consulting in ceramics, CMCs, MMCs, forming, and synthesis, including hot pressing, sintering, and SPS wear/corrosion/ elevated temperature coating applications and technologies with two companies, and lightweight armor materials and structures. AGNI FIBER BOARDS PVT LTD 990/3/4 GIDC Makarpura Vadodara Gujarat 390010 India http://www.agnipultrusion.com info@agnipultrusion.com +91 265-264-6121 Fax: +91 265-263-4531 Manufacturer and dealer of high-temperature structural insulation boards, mold platen insulation boards, and thermal insulation boards for various industrial applications. AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER CENTER +1 866-725-7617 Technical Information Center 139 Barnes Dr Ste 2 Tyndall AFB FL 32403 http://www.afcec.af.mil AFIMSC.PA.Workflow@us.af.mil The Air Force Civil Engineer Center, headquartered at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, is a 1,900-person primary subordinate unit assigned to Air Force Materiel Command and attached to the Air Force Installation and Mission Support Center-Provisional. The Center is responsible for providing responsive, flexible, full-spectrum installation engineering services. AFCEC missions include facility investment planning, design and construction, operations support, real property management, readiness, energy support, environmental compliance and restoration, and audit assertions, acquisition, and program management. AIR PRODUCTS 7201 Hamilton Blvd Allentown PA 18195 http://airproducts.com/glass info@airproducts.com +1 800-654-4567 Fax: +1 800-272-4449 Air Products is a global leading industrial gas supplier (oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, helium and rare gases) with patented technologies and equipment (oxy-fuel burners, flow controls), and CFD modeling and services (feasibility studies, start-up/commissioning). AKRON PORCELAIN & PLASTICS CO +1 330-745-2159 Fax: +1 330-745-6688 2739 Cory Ave PO Box 15157 Akron OH 44314 http://akronporcelain.com sales@akronporcelain.com Established 1890. Manufactures custom ceramic parts to customers\' specification using compression and injection molding. Produces glazed and unglazed ceramics. Products include special electrical porcelain insulators and refractory shapes. ALFA AESAR JOHNSON MATTHEY 2 Radcliff Rd Tewksbury MA 01876 http://alfa.com specialquotes@alfa.com +1 888-343-8025 Fax: +1 978-521-6350 Manufactures and supplies complete line of rare-earth oxides and salts for making ceramics, glass, and superconductortype materials. Also offers a wide range of chemicals, including inorganic, organic, and precious-metal compounds. Alfred University OUTSIDE of ORDINARY +1 585-738-0908 ALFRED UNIVERSITY 1 Saxon Dr Alfred NY 14802 https://www.alfred.edu/cact gottfrried@alfred.edu Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering/New York State College of Ceramics: BS and MS degrees in ceramic engineering, glass, biomaterials, materials science and engineering, renewable energy engineering, and mechanical engineering. PhD degrees in ceramics, glass, and materials science. Offering a wide array of analytical testing and sponsored research services in support of industrial projects. ALL WASTE MATTERS Unit 1 +44 01227-280-777 Joseph Wilson Industrial Estate Millstrood Rd Whitstable CT5 3PS UK http://www.allwastematters.co.uk info@allwastematters.co.uk The waste management specialists. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Applied Test Systems Inc ALLIED HIGH TECH PRODUCTS INC 2376 E Pacifica Pl Rancho Cordova CA 90220 http://alliedhightech.com info@alliedhightech.com +1 310-635-2466 Fax: +1 310-762-6808 Supplies products for metallographic and SEM/TEM sample preparation, including polishing, grinding and sectioning equipment, and consumables. Online ordering available as well as MSDS information and catalog. ALLIED MINERAL PRODUCTS 201 Truss Ferry Rd Pell City AL 35128 http://riversiderefractories.com jwilli@riversiderefractories.com +1 205-338-3366 Fax: +1 205-338-7456 Established 1929. Mines and processes gunning fireclay for steel and foundry markets. Produces taphole clays, monolithic refractories, and precast shapes. Offers installation, construction, and maintenance services for a wide range of industrial furnaces. ALLIED MINERAL PRODUCTS INC 2700 Scioto Pkwy Columbus OH 43221 http://alliedmineral.com info@alliedmin.com +1 614-876-0244 Fax: +1 614-876-0981 Manufactures refractory monolithics and specialties, including alumina, magnesia, silica, mullite, zircon, and fireclay for the foundry and basic-steel industries. ALMATIS INC 501 West Park Rd Leetsdale PA 15056 http://almatis.com info@almatis.com +1 800-643-8771 Fax: +1 412-630-2900 Almatis is a global specialty alumina producer, serving customers from 16 sales, research, and manufacturing sites. Almatis premium alumina products establish the benchmark for quality and consistency. ALSEY REFRACTORIES CO 1600 S Brentwood Blvd Ste 210 Saint Louis MO 63144 http://www.alsey.com info@alsey.com +1 314-963-7900 Alsey Refractories Co specializes in the private branding of high-duty and medium-duty firebrick as well as wet and dry specialties for major manufacturers with the refractory industry. ALTEO NA LLC 46 Ravenna St Unit B3 Hudson OH 44236 +1 440-460-2640 Fax: +1 216-460-2602 http://www.alteo-alumina.com sales.specialty-alumina@alteo-alumina.com Formerly Rio Tinto Alcan Specialty Aluminas, Alteo owns four production plants in Europe and a global sales network. Extensive product range from alumina trihydrate and calcined aluminas to fused alumina (white/brown) and tabular alumina. ALUCHEM INC 1 Landy Ln Cincinnati OH 45215 http://www.aluchem.com aluchem@aluchem.com +1 513-733-8519 Fax: +1 513-733-0608 AluChem is a leader in the manufacture of specialty alumina and dedicated to producing the highest quality alumina products in our industry, as well as providing unmatched customer service. AMERICAN ART CLAY CO INC 6060 Guion Rd Indianapolis IN 46254 http://www.amaco.com customercare@amaco.com +1 317-244-6871 Fax: +1 317-248-9300 For 100 years we specialized in custom material blends of glaze and enamel slurries, formulated industrial modeling clay, built custom kilns, developed ceramics equipment, and much more. Contact us to discuss your project ideas. AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN 550 Polaris Pkwy Ste 510 Westerville OH 43082 +1 614-890-4700 Fax: +1 614-899-6109 https://ceramics.org/publications-resources/the-bulletin-ofthe-american-ceramic-society edeguire@ceramics.org Published by The American Ceramic Society, the Bulletin is the official in-print and online voice of the organization, covering ACers events, governance news, awards, and member achievements. This nine-issues-per-year publication has regular news departments. AMERICAN CHEMET CORP 740 Waukegan Rd Ste 202 Deerfield IL 60015 http://www.chemet.com KKlatt@Chemet.com +1 847-948-0800 Fax: +1 847-948-0811 Manufacture zinc and copper oxides for colorants and copper granules for iron spot brick and tile. Supply cupric oxide for thermistors, ferrites, and conductors as well as metallic copper powders for thick-film electronic production. AMERICAN ELEMENTS THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURER Ⓡ AMERICAN ELEMENTS INC +1 310-208-0551 Fax: +1 310-208-0351 10884 Weyburn Ave Los Angeles CA 90024 http://www.americanelements.com customerservice@americanelements.com American Elements is the world\'s manufacturer of engineered and advanced materials with corporate offices and primary research and laboratory facilities in the U.S., and manufacturing and warehousing in the U.S., China, and Mexico. AMERICAN ISOSTATIC PRESSES 1205 S Columbus Airport Rd Columbus OH 43207 http://aiphip.com sales@aiphip.com +1 614-497-3148 Fax: +1 614-497-3407 Manufactures hot and cold isostatic presses, warm isostatic presses, sinter-HIP systems pressure-sintering furnaces, and high-temperature thermocouples. Also supplies replacement furnaces, service, and parts for all makes and models of HIP systems. AMERICAN SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS 26650 The Old Rd Ste 208 Valencia CA 91381 http://www.aspbs.com order@aspbs.com +1 661-799-7200 Fax: +1 661-799-7230 We publish journals, books, and encyclopedias about nanotechnology, chemistry, physics, engineering, medicine; and computer, materials, polymer, and bio sciences. AMERICAN STRESS TECHNOLOGIES INC +1 412-784-8400 540 Alpha Dr Fax: +1 412-784-8401 Pittsburgh PA 15238 http://www.astresstech.com info@astresstech.com Manufacture X-ray diffraction residual stress analyzer. APC INTERNATIONAL LTD PO Box 180 Mackeyville PA 17750 http://americanpiezo.com sales@americanpiezo.com +1 570-726-6961 Fax: +1 570-726-7466 Manufactures and supplies piezoelectric ceramics and piezo devices. Capabilities include design, custom machining, and custom electroding of piezo ceramics. APC performs piezo device and transducer assembly, soldering, and contract manufacturing. APF RECYCLING INC 2610 N Park Ave Warren OH 44483 http://www.apfrecycling.com jamesp@apfrecycling.com +1 330-395-8354 Fax: +1 330-395-0059 Go green with APF Recycling! Our goal as professionals is to minimize your waste, increase profits with effective raw material substitutes, and pay a premium for byproducts of value. We proudly serve the ceramic, steel, cement, and glass industries. APPLICON CO 450 N Somerset Ave Indianapolis IN 46222 http://www.appliconco.com sales@appliconco.com +1 317-635-7843 Applicon designs and builds turnkey, compact systems for batching and blending major, minor, and micro ingredients; systems to produce very fine powders and to granulate powders; and portable bin systems and conveyors to move products in plant. APPLIED CERAMICS INC 48630 Milmont Dr Fremont CA 94538 http://www.appliedceramics.net victor@apceramics.com +1 510-249-9700 Fax: +1 510-249-9797 Applied Ceramics\' exclusive material technology and sophisticated manufacturing capabilities provide outstanding performance benefits to the global semiconductor, solar, fuel cell, oil drilling, and nuclear industries. The company works with a wide variety of materials, including alumina, zirconia, and quartz. APPLIED RESEARCH CENTER PO Box 462 Aiken SC 29802 http://www.discoverarc.com +1 803-641-3300 From sustainable energy to effective healthcare to security at home, our nation is counting on rapid developments of practical new technologies. At South Carolina\'s Applied Research Center (ARC), many of America\'s most skilled researchers are working daily to advance our knowledge and use of technology. Established as a hydrogen energy research facility in 2006, ARC\'s mission expanded to encompass the broader needs of government, academia, and the private sector. This 60,000-square-foot facility, combining state-ofthe-art laboratories and a conference center, is home to many organizations, including the Department of Energy\'s Savannah River National Laboratory. APPLIED TEST SYSTEMS INC 154 East Brook Ln Butler PA 16002 http://www.atspa.com sales@atspa.com +1 800-441-0215 Fax: +1 724-283-6570 Design and manufacture furnace ovens, furnace heating elements, temperature controls, and extensometers. Also manufacture materials-testing systems, including tensioncompression, creep/stress rupture, stress relaxation, constant stress, and universal. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org 113 Arburg GmbH + Co KG Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member ARBURG GMBH + CO KG Arthur-Hehl Strasse +49 7446-330 Fax: +49 7446-333365 Baden-Württemberg Lossburg 72290 Germany http://www.arburg.com/info/pim/en pim@arburg.com ARBURG is a PIM pioneer with more than 50 years of experience in the industry and one of the world\'s leading manufacturers of plastic processing machines. The portfolio includes ALLROUNDER injection moulding machines with clamping forces between 125 and 6,500 kN, the freeformer for industrial additive manufacturing, robotic systems, customer as well as sector-specific turnkey solutions, and further peripherals. ARBURG offers also application consulting, training, and a well-equipped PIM laboratory for all relevant production steps. An international sales and service network guarantees first-class, local customer support. ARBURG has its own organizations at 34 locations in 26 different countries; together with its trading partners, it is present in more than 100 countries. The machines are produced exclusively at the parent factory in Lossburg, Germany. From a total of around 3,000 employees, around 2,500 work in Germany. About 500 further employees work in ARBURG\'s organizations worldwide. ARBURG has triple certification according to ISO 9001 (quality), ISO 14001 (environment) and ISO 50001 (energy).US headquarters in Rocky Hill, CT. +1 860 667 6500 Fax +1 860 667 6522 https://www.arburg.us usa@arburg.com ARCH MAINTENANCE SERVICES +1 912-996-0156 162 Key Circle Dr Brunswick GA 31520 http://www.jpechin.com info@jpechin.com Providing custom spray drying services on laboratory and pilot scales. AREMCO PRODUCTS INC 707-B Executive Blvd Valley Cottage NY 10989 http://aremco.com info@aremco.com +1 845-268-0039 Fax: +1 845-268-0041 Established 1964. Specializes in ceramic raw materials for production and research. Supplies ceramic adhesives, coatings, and castable ceramics for encapsulation work, and machinable ceramics for components, development, and tooling, including brazing boats. ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY 501 E Tyler Mall PO Box 876106 Tempe AZ 85287 http://semte.engineering.asu.edu semte@asu.edu ARKEMA INC 900 First Ave King of Prussia PA 19406 http://www.arkema-americas.com arkema.usph-general@arkema.com +1 480-965-3291 Fax: +1 480-727-9321 +1 610-205-7000 Fax: +1 610-205-7913 Arkema is a world-class producer of industrial chemicals including acrylic monomers, emulsion systems, fluorochemicals, fluoropolymers, functional additives, hydrogen peroxide, PMMA, specialty polyamides, and thiochemicals. ARLIMIN INDUSTRIES PO Box 271497 Fort Collins CO 80526 http://www.arlimin.com info@arlimin.com +1 832-280-9980 Fax: +1 970-494-0206 Wholesale provider of raw materials to the ceramics, glass, and coatings industries. ART ON CERAMIC PO BOX 1625 Plattsburgh NY 12901 https://www.custom-ceramic-tile.com contact@artonceramic.com +1 855-918-5506 Fax: +1 855-918-5506 We developed an exclusive ceramic printing technology that will fit your personal project or your business branding. We also do tile reproduction. It is simple; your imagination is the limit of what we can do for you. You create, we print! ASSOC OF AMERICAN CERAMIC COMPONENT MANUFACTURERS (AACCM) 550 Polaris Pkwy Ste 510 Westerville OH 43082 http://www.aaccm.org kthompson@ceramics.org +1 614-794-5894 Fax: +1 240-396-5637 AACCM\'s member companies manufacture components from ceramic powders at U.S. operating facilities. Its purpose is to expand the market for U.S.-manufactured components by enhancing processes and quality and to increase awareness of ceramic applications. ASSOCIATED CERAMICS & TECHNOLOGY INC 400 North Pike Rd Sarver PA 16055 http://www.associated ceramics.com sales@associatedceramics.com +1 724-353-1585 Fax: +1 724-353-1050 Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc is a custom manufacturer of ceramics composed of alumina, steatite, cordierite, spinel, wollastonite, mullite, and high performance materials such as zirconia and yttria-stabilized zirconia. Its engineers\' knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of a finished product allow the company to provide excellent quality in applications pertaining to chemical, electrical, wear-resistant, automotive, appliances, and many others. The expansive production capabilities at ACT include more than 155 dry and isostatic presses, seven extrusion presses, 10 kilns, and pre- and post-sintered machining capabilities that are sure to satisfy a customer\'s every need. ASTRAL MATERIAL INDUSTRIAL CO LTD +86 757-8266-7101 Rm 2303 Block 1 Fax: +86 757-8270-1478 JunNing Bldg No 213 Funing Rd ChanCheng Dist FoShan 528000 China http://www.amic.biz sales@amic.biz AMI produces thermal ceramics, technical ceramics for tile factories, sanitaryware factories, and tableware factories. We also supply to new energy industry, precision casting, chemical industry, and environmental protection industry. We are an ISO9001:2015 certified enterprise. AMI is dedicated to provide products and service with good quality and assist customers with cost. ASTRO MET ADVANCED CERAMICS INC +1 513-772-1242 9974 Springfield Pike Fax: +1 513-772-9080 Cincinnati OH 45215 http://astromet.com fgorman@astromet.com Established 1961. Manufacturers precision toleranced advanced ceramic components on a custom order basis per customer design with a focus on wear and corrosion applications. Materials include alumina, zirconia, ZTA, and Macor machinable ceramic. ATLANTIC EQUIPMENT ENGINEERS 24 Industrial Ave PO Box 181 Upper Saddle River NJ 07458 http://micrometals.com info@micronmetals.com +1 201-299-6476 Fax: +1 201-387-0291 Manufactures and distribute high-purity metals, metal powders, oxides, and other compounds to meet the needs and material requirements of the R&D community. AVALON ADVANCED MATERIALS INC 130 Adelaide St W No 1901 Toronto M5H 3P5 Canada http://www.AvalonAM.com ilondon@avalonventures.com +1 416-364-4938 Fax: +1 416-364-5162 Emerging Canadian producer of petalite concentrates wellsuited for specialty glass/ceramic formulations demanding high purity lithium minerals. Avalon developed proprietary process technology to produce petalite products from its Separation Rapids mineral resource (near Kenora, Ontario, Canada). Avalon\'s standard petalite product (4.0-4.2% Li₂0) is notable for its low iron content and consistent SiO:AI,O₁₂ ratio. The super petalite (>4.5% Li₂O) product also achieves exceptionally low levels of alkalis. AVEKA 2045 Wooddale Dr Woodbury MN 55125 https://www.aveka.com aveka@aveka.com +1 651-730-1729 AVEKA is a contract manufacturing and R&D company specializing in particle toll processing. Processing capabilities include drying, milling, blending, screening, and particle characterization. AVEKA is an ISO 9001:2015 registered company providing processing solutions from lab-scale samples to full-scale production for a wide variety of industries. AVS INC 60 Fitchburg Rd Ayer MA 04132 http://avsinc.com sales@avsinc.com +1 978-772-0710 Fax: +1 978-772-6462 Manufactures standard and custom vacuum furnaces. Debinding, sintering, hot isostatic or axial pressing, diffusion bonding in lab to production scale units. Vacuum to 2,500 psig. Specializes in custom-designed systems for advanced materials processing. AVX CORP 1 AVX Blvd Fountain Inn SC 29644 http://avx.com inquiry@avx.com +1 843-448-9411 Fax: +1 843-448-2106 Established 1972. Manufactures multilayer ceramic capacitors for the electronics industry, including microminiature, multilayer monolithics in chips; radial- and axial-leaded, molded and conformal coated capacitors and tantalum capacitors. B&P LITTLEFORD 1000 Hess Ave Saginaw MI 48601 https://www.bplittleford.com sales@littleford.com +1 800-365-8555 Fax: +1 859-525-1446 Manufactures processing equipment, including mixers, granulators, agglomerators, vacuum dryers, liquid dispersers, and pressure reactors. Also provides pilot-plant and lab equipment. Maintains a completely equipped test center to assist customers. BAIKOWSKI MALAKOFF INC 6601 Northpark Blvd Ste H Charlotte NC 28216 http://www.baikowskimalakoff.com info@baikowskimalakoff.com +1 704-587-7100 Subsidiary of Baikowski Intl. Corp. Produces Bayer-derived intermediate and high-purity (99.8-99.99%) calcined alphaand gamma-alumina. BASIC MACHINERY CO INC 1220 Harold Andrews Rd PO Box 688 +1 888-522-7420 Fax: +1 919-663-2172 Siler City NC 27344 http://www.basicmachinery.com ceramic-sales@basicmachinery.com Design automated machinery and systems for ceramic industries as well as complete plants. Specialize in materials handling, crushing, grinding, screening, reclaiming, automatic transfer cars, cable haulages, and specialized equipment for brick shapes. 114 www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Carbolite Gero BASSTECH INTL 400 Kelby St Fort Lee NJ 07024 http://basstechintl.com info@basstechintl.com +1 201-569-8686 Fax: +1 201-569-7511 Supplies chemicals and other raw materials to the ceramics industry in North America and Europe. Materials inventoried in warehouses strategically located throughout the United States, Europe, and Asia to guarantee continuity of supply. BAYVILLE CHEMICAL SUPPLY CO INC 70-G E Jefryn Blvd Deer Park NY 11729 http://www.bayvillechemical.net info@bayvillechemical.net +1 631-586-4309 Fax: +1 631-254-5591 Bayville Chemical is a supplier of ultrahigh-purity chemicals (organic and inorganic), ceramics, metals, optics, crystals, sputtering targets, evaporation and coating materials, and vitreous carbon. The company services small research, R&D, and production facilities. BEIJING CERAMETEK MATERIALS CO LTD +86 10-6156-6641 Fax: +86 10-6156-1674 A3 No 9 YongChun St Ste No 501 GuangMing ShenZhen GD 518106 China http://www.cerametmaterials.com sales@cerametmaterials.com Cerametek materials (Al-Zr): metal(s) oxide, carbide, nitride, boride, fluoride, sulfide, diamond, graphite, quartz, metal, alloys, and rare-earth compounds. Also, 98%-5N grade, submicron to mesh (mm), powder/rods/tube/foil/porous, complex compounds. BEKESON GLASS LLC 1001 Underwood Drive Flowood MS 39232 http://www.bekeson.com info@bekeson.com BEKESON GLASS +1 601-383-6288 Fax: +1 601-932-3620 Bekeson Glass is a woman-owned small business specializing in the manufacture of specialty glass beads, frits, powders, and flaked glass for industrial applications in quantities ranging from a few hundred pounds during process development to hundreds of tons at full production. The company\'s focus is on applications requiring stringent control of glass composition and physical properties of the end product. BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LTD BHEL House Siri Fort New Delhi 110049 India http://www.bhel.com kumar@bhelepd.com +91 80-2218-2244 Fax: +91 80-2334-4231 Ceramic Technological Institute, Corporate R&D, Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd is engaged in industrial process and product development in ceramics, such as microwave sintering, ceramic membranes, coatings, nanomaterials, and CSP for energy sector. BLASCH PRECISION CERAMICS INC 580 Broadway Albany NY 12204 http://blaschceramics.com tconnors@blaschceramics.com +1 518-436-1263 Fax: +1 518-436-0098 Manufactures complex ceramic shapes requiring closely controlled tolerances and uniform composition and structure. Products include alumina, fused silica, and SiC items. BLASTCRETE EQUIPMENT CO 2000 Cobb Ave Anniston AL 36202 http://www.blastcrete.com info@blastcrete.com +1 800-235-4867 For 60 years, Blastcrete Equipment Co manufactures safe, reliable, and user-friendly solutions for the refractory and shotcrete industries. The company offers a complete product line of concrete mixers, pumps, and related products. BOCA BEARING COMPANY 1420 Neptune Dr Ste A Boynton Beach FL 33426-8420 http://www.bocabearings.com info@bocabearings.com +1 561-998-0004 Fax: +1 561-998-0119 Boca Bearing Company is a proud supplier of bearings and lubricants catered toward the robotics, automation, and advanced manufacturing industries. Boca Bearing\'s ceramic bearings can be used in manufacturing environments ranging from extreme temperatures to high speeds and heavy loads. Full ceramic bearings can be used in robotic applications underwater, in vacuum, and space environments. Ceramic bearings are nonmagnetic, nonconductive, noncorrosive, and can operate without lubrication. BOMAS BOMAS MACHINE SPECIALTIES INC 334 Washington St Somerville MA 02143 http://www.bomas.com jannese@bomas.com BMS +1 617-628-3831 Fax: +1 617-628-6108 Since 1959, we provide advanced ceramics machining for wear applications in all types of environments. Servicing the aerospace, automotive, dental, electronic, government, medical, nuclear, education, semiconductor, and wind and solar industries. BOSAI MINERALS GROUP CO LTD 46-47TH F World Trade Center 131 Zourong Road Yuzhong District Chongqing China http://cqbosai.com info@nanchuanminerals.com +86 23-6388-6666 Fax: +86 23-6388-6582 A Chinese raw-material-group that concentrates on mining (bauxite), fusion manufacturing (brown-fused alumina and metallurgical alumina), and mineral processing (calcined bauxites, flint clays, kaolin and barites). U.S. sales office. BRICK INDUSTRY ASSN +1 703-620-0010 12007 Sunrise Valley Dr Ste 430 Fax: +1 703-620-3928 Reston VA 20191 http://www.gobrick.com brickinfo@bia.org Promotes use of brick through marketing, education, engineering, research, advertising, and public relations. Serves on committees of national construction and technical organizations. Safeguards the industry against regulations and monitors legislation. BROOKHAVEN INSTRUMENTS CORP +1 631-758-3200 750 Blue Point Rd Fax: +1 631-758-3255 Holtsville NY 11742 https://www.brookhaveninstruments.com info@bic.com Manufactures quality instrumentation for colloid and polymer characterization, quality control, and research applications. Particle-size measurements are obtained utilizing dynamic light scattering or discentrifugation. BUCHER EMHART GLASS SA Hinterbergstrasse 22 PO Box 2251 Cham 2 CH-6330 Switzerland http://bucheremhartglass.com webmaster@bucheremhartglass.com +41 41-749-42-00 Fax: +41 41-749-42-71 Leading international supplier of equipment, controls, and parts to glass container industry. Broad-based expertise in glass container forming, glass conditioning, gob forming, ware handling, cold end inspection, refractory parts, and quality assurance. BUEHLER 41 Waukegan Rd Lake Bluff IL 60044 https://buehler.com info@buehler.com +1 800-283-4537 Fax: +1 708-295-7979 Manufactures sample preparation equipment and supplies for metallographic, petrographic, and ceramics labs, including American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org cutoff machines, low-speed diamond saws, coarse and fine grinders, lab presses, polishing machines, and automatic polishers. BULLEN 1301 Miller Williams Rd Eaton OH 45320 http://www.bullentech.com sales@bullentech.com +1 937-456-7133 Fax: +1 937-456-2779 Precision custom grinding and finishing of hard, brittle materials including glass, sapphire, alumina, silicon nitride, CVD silicon carbide, ceramic matrix composites, and other technical ceramics. Unique and innovative ultrasonic machining. ISO 9001. BUZZMAC INTL LLC 638 Congress St No 202 Portland ME 04101 http://www.buzzmac.com support@buzzmac.com +1 414-352-5419 Nondestructive-testing equipment/services for measuring the damping and dynamic elastic properties (Young\'s modulus, shear modulus, Poisson\'s ratio) of materials using the impulse-excitation technique (Ping test) as described in ASTM E1876/C1259. C&L DEVELOPMENT CORP +1 408-864-0680 1821 Saratoga Ave Ste No 210 Fax: +1 408-864-0930 Saratoga CA 95070 http://candldevelopment.com info@candldevelopment.com Manufactures and imports oxides, compounds, and metals, including rare earths, zirconium, molybdenum, tungsten, indium, germanium, chromium, and barium. CANCARB LIMITED 1702 Brier Park Crescent NW Medicine Hat T1C 1T9 Canada http://www.cancarb.com customer_service@cancarb.com +1 403-527-1121 Fax: +1 403-529-6093 Cancarb is the only company dedicated to manufacturing Thermal Carbon Black. In addition to our standard Thermax N990 and N991 grades for steel refractories, we offer a number of specialty thermal blacks, such as Ultra-Pure N990UP and N991UP carbon black for the advanced ceramics and metallurgical industries. CAPITAL REFRACTORIES LTD Station Rd Clowne Chesterfield Derbyshire S43 4AB UK http://capital-refractories.com enquiries@capital-refractories.com +44 1246-811163 Capital Refractories specializes in supplying refractory linings and associated products to metal melting, foundry, and cement industries around the world. CARBO 5050 Westway Park Blvd Ste 500 Houston TX 77041 https://carboceramics.com customerservice@carboceramics.com +1 281-921-6400 CARBO creates innovative, industry-leading technologies and products engineered to significantly improve our customers\' performance and deliver value across a diverse range of industries and applications. We collaborate closely with our customers to understand their needs and apply over 40 years of material science, technology development and manufacturing expertise to create technology-based solutions. CARBOLITE GERO Parsons Ln Hope Hope Valley S33 6RB UK http://www.carbolite-gero.com/company info@carbolite-gero.com +44 1433-620011 Manufactures high-temperature furnace and other products for the lab and production environment. Offers a comprehensive range of box, tube and bottom-loading furnaces to 1,800° and ovens to 600°. Also offers refractorytesting and custom-built furnaces. 115 Carl Zeiss Microscopy LLC Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member CARL ZEISS MICROSCOPY LLC +1 800-233-2343 Fax: +1 914-681-7446 CERADYNE INC-A 3M CO 2416 Merchant St Lexington KY 40511 +1 800-831-0658 One North Broadway White Plains NY 10601 https://www.zeiss.com/microscopy/int/home.html micro@zeiss.com Offers all types of high-performance microscope systems for the inspection and measurement of ceramics, plastics, and other substrates. Offers upright, inverted, stereo, and the latest in confocal microscopes. CAROLINA MATERIAL TECHNOLOGIES +1 704-846-3737 1801 Kilmonack Ln Charlotte NC 28270 http://www.cmtnc.com info@cmtnc.com Carolina Material Technologies offers engineering and consulting services, as well as providing turnkey bulk material handling system solutions. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY +1 216-368-4230 White Bldg 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland http://case.edu jxc41@cwru.ed CELSIAN GLASS & SOLAR BV +31 40-249-0100 Achtseweg Zuid 241-A Bldg TZ Eindhoven North Brabant 5651 GW The Netherlands http://www.celsian.nl infodesk@celsian.nl Celsian, formerly TNO Glass Group is the expert on melting and optimization. CelSian supports the glass industry with the energy transition by providing simulation software, industrial contract research, sensor technology, and our laboratory to keep your furnace compliant, running for longer or improving yield. CelSian: your partner towards future-proof glass! CENTERLINE TECHNOLOGIES 577 Main St Ste 270 Hudson MA 01749 +1 978-568-1330 Fax: +1 978-568-1334 http://www.centerlinetech-usa.com sales@centerlinetech-usa.com Capabilities include precision lapping, polishing, laser machining, diamond sawing, edge/diamond machining, tumbling, and a filled via planarity process. Materials include AIN; 99.6%, 99.5%, and 96% alumina; BeO; fused silica; sapphire; quartz; and titanate. CENTORR Vacuum Industries VII CENTORR VACUUM INDUSTRIES 55 Northeastern Blvd Nashua NH 03062 https://vacuum-furnaces.com sales@centorr.com +1 603-595-7233 Fax: +1 603-595-9220 Centorr Vacuum Industries is a manufacturer of custom vacuum and controlled atmosphere furnaces for the sintering, debinding, and heat treatment of advanced ceramics, such as SiC, Si̟¸N, AIN, BN, and BC; stainless steels; refractory metals; cermets; and hardmetals. Available in laboratory to production size at temperatures to 3,000°C and pressures to 1,500 psig, with graphite or refractory metal hot zones and optional Sweepgas binder removal systems to handle any binder or lubricant. CENTRAL GLASS & CERAMIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE 196 Raja S C Mullick Rd West Bengal Kolkata 700 032 India https://www.cgcri.res.in brmandal@cgcri.res.in +91 33-2473-3469 Fax: +91 33-2473-0957 Provides scientific industrial research and development in the area of glass, ceramics, and related materials that maximizes the economic, environmental, and societal benefit for the people of India. 116 http://www.3m.com/specialtyglass specialtyglass@mmm.com From manufacturing a new generation of precision electronics to enabling a world powered by clean, renewable energy, specialty glasses from Ceradyne Inc, a 3M Co, are inspiring innovation in electronic, solar power, and semiconductor applications. 3M specialty glass compounds and solar metallization paste additives are vital to many groundbreaking electronic and mechanical components. These versatile materials are precision-manufactured for unmatched consistency, batch after batch-nd they are backed by Ceradyne\'s 50 years of insight and experience. From glass design and engineering, to in-house analytical support and quality control, to scale-up and full-scale production, Ceradyne has the breadth and depth of knowledge to help customers make tomorrow\'s breakthroughs today. CERAKOTE CERAMIC COATINGS 7050 6th St White City OR 97503 https://www.cerakote.com info@cerakote.com +1 866-774-7628 Founded in 1984, Cerakote is a division of NIC Industries Inc that focuses on developing and manufacturing the highest performing line of ceramic coatings available anywhere in the world. Cerakote is a world leader in ceramic coatings. CERALINK INC 105 Jordan Rd No 2 Troy NY 12180 http://ceralink.com patricia@ceralink.com +1 518-283-7733 Comprehensive microwave testing center staffed to assist customers in implementing and optimizing microwave processing in the ceramics, glass, and metal industries. CERAMCO INC 1467 E Main St PO Box 300 Center Conway NH 03813 http://ceramcoceramics.com sales@ceramcoceramics.com +1 603-447-2090 Fax: +1 603-447-3906 A manufacturer of near-net shape technical ceramics by ceramic injection molding from prototype to high-volume production. Diamond grinding for high precision components. Ceramic fasteners in stock. CERAMIC ARTS NETWORK 550 Polaris Pkwy Ste No 510 Westerville OH 43082 http://ceramicartsnetwork.org editor@ceramicartsdaily.org +1 866-721-3322 Inspiration and instruction from ceramic artists and leading professionals in the field. The Ceramic Arts Network is an online community serving active potters and ceramic artists worldwide, as well as those who are interested in finding out more about this craft. The Ceramic Arts Network includes Ceramics Monthly, Pottery Making Illustrated, CLAYflicks, the International Ceramic Artists Network (ICAN), and Ceramic Recipes. CERAMIC COLOR & CHEMICAL MFG CO +1 724-846-4000 1100 13th St Fax: +1 724-846-4123 New Brighton PA 15066 http://ceramiccolor.com info@ceramiccolor.com Manufactures ceramic colors and inorganic pigments. Producer of custom chemicals and compounds. Melts specialty frits and glasses. Distributor of raw materials. CERAMIC POWDER TECHNOLOGY AS Kvenildmyra 6 Tiller +47 916-71-332 N-7093 Norway http://www.cerpotech.com sales@cerpotech.com CerPoTech manufactures advanced ceramic powders for applications such as fuel cells, batteries, membranes, piezoceramics, and many more. With its unique process, CerPoTech synthesizes high quality ceramic powders that are tailored to specific requirements of customers and partners. CERAMIC SERVICES INC 1060 Park Ave Bensalem PA 19020 http://www.kilnman.com kilns@kilnman.com +1 215-245-4040 Builds premium quality kilns and dryers. Provides experienced consulting for drying and firing problems. A fresh source for replacement parts and service for all makes of kilns and dryers. CERAMITEC Messegelande 1 Eingang Ost Munchen 81823 Germany http://www.ceramitec.com info@ceramitec.com +49 89-94911378 Ceramitec is a leading trade fair for the ceramics industryhub for sector-wide expertise and technology that brings the industry together. CERAMTEC NORTH AMERICA CORP 1 Technology Pl Laurens SC 29360-0089 http://www.ceramtec.us sales@ceramtec.com +1 864-682-3215 Fax: +1 864-682-1140 Produces a wide range of ceramics in 11 worldwide manufacturing locations, including a state-of-the-art laser facility in the U.S. Products include alumina and aluminum nitride substrates (pressed, stamped, lasered) and piezoceramics. CERAMTEC-ETEC An der Burg Sulz 17 Lohmar 53797 Germany +49 2205-9200169 Fax: +49 2205-9200144 https://www.ceramtec.com/subsidiary/ceramtec-etec info@etec-ceramics.de Ceram Tec-ETEC is a CeramTec subsidiary that offers solutions made from ALOTEC advanced ceramics for wear and corrosion protection; ceramic armor for ballistic protection of personnel, vehicles, and assets; ALOSLIDE inrun track systems for ski jumping events; and PERLUCOR transparent ceramics. CERANOVA CORPORATION 85 Hayes Memorial Dr Marlborough MA 01752 http://www.ceranova.com info@ceranova.com +1 508-460-0300 CeraNova is an industry leader in product/process development and pilot-scale manufacturing of advanced ceramics. We specialize in near net shape, controlled microstructure, transparent ceramics, with superior optical and mechanical properties that provide unique, cost effective solutions for defense, aerospace, and commercial customers. CERCO LLC 453 W McConkey St Shreve OH 44676 http://www.CerCoCorp.com diamonite@cercollc.com +1 330-567-2145 Fax: +1 330-915-4925 Supplies advanced structural ceramics for customengineered and designed machine parts, electrical/electronic components, fluid-handling equipment, machine wear parts, and welding-thermal equipment. Armor ceramics. CAD-CAM, CNC-equipped prototype lab. CERINNOV Parc d\'Ester 2 Rue Columbia Limoges 87068 France http://www.cerinnov.com j.daems@cerinnov.com +33 5-55-04-24-54 Fax: +33 5-55-04-24-55 Cerinnov specializes in the manufacturing of production and decoration machines for the ceramic and glass industries: shaping and decorating machines, laser marking, engineering, turn-key plants for tableware, tools, and after sales services. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 CSC Force Measurement Inc CERION NANOMATERIALS 1 Blossom Rd Rochester NY 14610 http://www.cerionnano.com sales@cerionnano.com +1 585-271-5630 CHRISTY MINERALS LLC Cerion is a leader in the science of designing, scaling and manufacturing metal, metal oxide and ceramic nanomaterials for commercial, defense and life science companies developing products or systems. The cost of developing advanced expertise in nanomaterials is prohibitively expensive and time intensive, resulting in a significant barrier to entry for companies considering its adoption. Cerion provides companies with access to this expertise through all phases of the product lifecycle including applied research, development, scale-up, commercialization and manufacturing. Cerion\'s position in the market is enabled by three strategic competitive advantages: deep and demonstrated capability in a) precision design and customization of both nanoparticle size and technical attributes, b) robust processes to scale materials from prototype to low and high-volume production rates, and c) industry-leading, cost-effective manufacturing systems and production capacities. CERITHERM Hotel d\'entreprises des Garennes Rue de Pouloueix Oradour sur Vayres 87150 France http://ceritherm.org contact@ceritherm.com +33 5-55-33-23-13 Fax: +33 5-55-33-23-14 Part of the Ceric group, manufactures kilns for the production of fine ceramics. Also provides advanced systems for automatic handling and production monitoring. CERIX-GROW PLATFORM GMBH Albert Einstein Strasse 6 Kempten 87437 Germany http://www.cerix-ceramics.de info@cerix-ceramics.de +49 831-54075342 CERIX grow platform GmbH is a start-up company from Robert Bosch GmbH. We produce high-tech ceramics for various markets and offer functional components for sensors, medical products, consumer goods, automotive components, and industrial products made of alumina and zirconia. CIM in combination with in-mold labelling and 3D printing enable us to manufacture complex functional components with the highest degree of precision. CERLASE +33 5-55-04-24-54 Parc d\'Ester 2 Rue Columbia Fax: +33 5-55-04-24-55 Limoges 87068 France http://www.cerinnov.com q.joly@cerinnov.com Cerlase is an officially certified R&D center. Primary research lines are lasers for ceramics, glass and metal (sintering, melting, cutting), shaping processes for ceramics, decoration (laser sintering, total transfer, heat decal), and heat treatment. CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE 2540 Olentangy River Rd Columbus OH 43210 http://cas.org help@cas.org +1 614-447-3600 Fax: +1 614-447-3751 Established 1907. Publish Chemical Abstracts. Produces online information services to identify research studies and patents relating to chemistry, biotechnology, engineering, materials science, physics, and other scientific fields. CHEMIR - A DIVISION OF EVANS ANALYTICAL GROUP 2672 Metro Blvd Maryland Heights MO 63043 http://www.chemir.com info.chemir@eag.com +1 314-291-6620 Fax: +1 314-291-6630 Testing lab provides investigative analytical chemistry to solve challenging problems. Services include deformulation (reverse engineering), material/contaminant identification, polymer analysis, failure analysis, and litigation support. ISO 9001:200 833 Booneslick Rd PO Box 159 High Hill MO 63350 http://www.christyco.com/minerals sbower@christyminerals.com +1 636-585-221 Fax: +1 636-585-2220 Christy Minerals LLC is a premier producer of alumina silicate clays and calcines. We service the refractory, ceramic art, investment casting, ceramic tile, and cement industries. We provide toll calcining, toll grinding, and screening services. CIDRA PRECISION SERVICES LLC 50 Barnes Park N Wallingford CT 06492 http://www.cidraprecisionservices.com jsirkis@cidracps.com +1 203-774-4422 Specializes in custom manufacturing of micron level precision machined mechanical, optical, and fluidic components and assemblies made from hard materials such as sapphire, quartz, ceramics, glass, and hard metals. CILAS PARTICLE SIZE 2984 Triverton Pike Dr Ste No 104 Fitchburg WI 53711 http://particle-size.us info@particle-size.com +1 608-274-7719 Fax: +1 608-270-3801 Provides high-performance state-of-the-art laser particle-size analyzers. Products allow analysis of particle-size distribution and viewing of particle shape. Offers a wide range of instruments capable of analyzing samples from 0.04-2,500 micrometers. CINCINNATI GASKET & INDUSTRIAL GLASS 40 Illinois Ave Cincinnati OH 45215 https://cgindustrialglass.com ueckerm@cincinnatigasket.com +1 513-761-3458 A leading U.S. manufacturer specializing in a wide range of machined glass products for use in nearly every major industry in the world from steel and chemical industries to machine tool and power generation. CLEVELAND VIBRATOR CO 2828 Clinton Ave Cleveland OH 44113 http://www.clevelandvibrator.com sales@clevelandvibrator.com +1 800-221-3298 +1 216-241-3480 Since 1923, the Cleveland Vibrator Company provides material flow and processing solutions to over 15,000 customers through a broad range of industrial vibrators and vibratory equipment components, including pneumatic and electric bin and hopper vibrators, vibratory feeders, vibratory tables, and vibratory screeners and sieves. CM FURNACES INC 103 Dewey St Bloomfield NJ 07003 http://www.cmfurnaces.com info@cmfurnaces.com +1 973-338-6500 Fax: +1 973-338-1625 Established 1946. Manufactures lab and production furnaces for a wide variety of ceramics applications and services a temperature range to 2,000°C in air, inert, and reducing atmospheres. Batch and continuous furnaces offered in a variety of sizes. CMC LABORATORIES INC 7755 S Research Dr Ste 115 Tempe AZ 85284 http://cmclaboratories.com info@cmclaboratories.com +1 480-496-5000 CMC Laboratories Inc is a failure analysis laboratory located in Tempe, Arizona, that focuses on root cause analysis and failure mode identification. CMC\'s analysis goal is to provide customers with the root cause of a failure and work closely with the customer to identify process or control changes that can eliminate failure. COBER MUEGGE LLC 30 Moffatt St Stratford CT 06615 http://cobermuegge.com sales@cobermuegge.com +1 203-855-8755 Fax: +1 203-855-7511 Designs and manufactures microwave ovens for ceramic heating, sintering, and more. COMTRUST ARCHITECTURAL MESH +86 318-706-3609 CO LTD Fax: +86 318-706-1960 No 323 Weimin St of Anping County Hebei 053600 China http://www.coildrapery.com sales@coildrapery.com Produce a variety of styles of architectural mesh, architectural mesh panels, mesh facade, and decorative mesh. CONTROL INSTRUMENTS CORP 25 Law Dr Fairfield NJ 07004 http://www.controlinstruments.com sales@controlinstruments.com +1 973-575-9114 Fax: +1 973-515-0013 Manufactures detection systems for hazardous gases and vapors. Products include LFL analyzers, BTU analyzers, infrared analyzers, flame-ionization detectors, and gas sensors. COORSTEK 14143 Denver West Pkwy Ste 400 Golden CO 80401 https://www.coorstek.com info@coorstek.com +1 303-271-7100 With manufacturing locations across four continents, Coors Tek is the international partner of choice for companies requiring the unique, high-performance properties of engineered technical ceramics. CoorsTek partners with customers to design, test, and manufacture standard and custom components for virtually every industry in the global marketplace. Materials include aluminas, carbides, nitrides, quartz, silicates, yttrias, and zirconias. Visit CoorsTek.com. CORNING CORNING INCORPORATED 1 Riverfront Plaza Corning NY14831 http://corning.com inquiries@corning.com +1 607-974-9000 Corning combines its expertise in specialty glass, ceramic materials, polymers, and the manipulation of the properties of light, with strong process and manufacturing capabilities to develop, engineer, and commercialize significant innovative products. CRODA 300A Columbus Circle Edison NJ 08837 http://www.crodaindustrialchemicals.com +1 732-417-0800 Patricia.vanee@croda.com For advanced ceramics, Croda offers a selection of polymeric dispersing/suspending agents. The Hypermer KD range is specifically designed to provide superior dispersion of particles. Croda also offers versatile nonphthalate plasticizers, such as Pycal 94. CSC FORCE MEASUREMENT INC 84 Ramah Cir N PO Box 887 Agawam MA 01001 http://www.cscforce.com linda@cscforce.com +1 413-789-3086 Fax: +1 413-789-3598 Stocking distributor of force/torque measurement products by Amatek/Chatillon/Lloyd Testers, CDI, Dillon, Larson, MSI, Mark-10, Seekonk, Tohnicki and others. Repairs and calibration lab with ISO/IEC 17025 certification, accredited by L-A-B. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org 117 Custom Processing Services Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member CUSTOM PROCESSING SERVICES 2 Birchmont Dr Reading PA 19606 http://www.customprocessingservices.com hway@customprocessingservices.com +1 610-779-7001 Submicron- and nano-range ceramic particles, silicon carbide, boron carbide, alumina, and more. Custom toll manufacturing for submicron particles and wet grinding. Small batch manufacturing (kilograms) to large scale (tons). CYCLONAIRE CORP 2922 N Division York NE 68467 http://cyclonaire.com sales@cyclonaire.com +1 800-445-0730 Fax: +1 402-362-2001 Manufactures and supplies custom-designed pneumatic conveying systems. Offers vacuum-, pressure-, and vacuum/pressure-based technology; conveyors; and allied components. Typical applications involve bulk transfer (storage or in-plant). DALMIA INST OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH Post-Rajgangpur +91 6624-678-507 Fax: +91 6624-220-933 Dist- Sundargarh (Odisha) 770017 India http://www.dalmiainstiture.in info@dalmiainstitute.in A modern industry group with boron carbide as its leading product, integrating the scientific research, manufacture and sale of boride and carbide. Boron carbide is widely used in military, science, industry, and more. DATAPAQ INC 3 Corporate Park Dr Derry NH 03038 http://datapaq.com websales@datapaq.com +1 603-537-2680 Manufactures in-process thermal profiling systems and software. Kiln Tracker system is accurate and reliable and used to optimize firing process. System features a data logger with up to 130,000 readings, rugged thermal barrier, and Insight software. DCM TECH 4455 Theurer Blvd Winona MN 55987 http://dcm-tech.com info@dcm-tech.com +1 507-452-4043 Fax: +1 507-452-7970 DCM designs and manufactures blanchard style rotary grinders for ceramic grinding applications. Servo drive, Z-axis, and programmable automatic feed provides process repeatability. DCM is a U.S. manufacturer that sells and services factory direct. DELKIC & ASSOCIATES PO Box 1726 Immokalee FL 32004 +1 904-285-0200 Fax: +1 904-273-1616 International ceramic consultants specializing in energysaving ceramic coatings and fiber modules. 4 Deltech Furnaces www.deltechfurnaces.com DELTECH INC (DELTECH FURNACES) +1 303-433-5939 1007 E 75th Ave Denver CO 80229 http://www.deltechfurnaces.com mary@deltechfurnaces.com Manufacturer of standard and custom electric lab and production scale furnaces, including glass melt and rotary models for 1,500-2,000°C operation in air, inert atmospheres, and under positive pressures. ISO 9001:2015 certified. ASME NQA-1 2008. Control systems certified by Intertek UL508A compliant. 118 DIGITAL PRESS INC Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design 90 S Commerce Way Bethlehem PA 18017 ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED www.dkfdllc.com DELTECH KILN AND FURNACE DESIGN LLC 1007 E 75th Ave Denver CO 80229 http://www.dkfdllc.com mary@dkfdllc.com +1 303-433-5939 Custom design and optional build of electric kilns and furnaces for the energy communities. ISO 9001:2015 certified. ASME NQA-1 2008. DENKA CORP 780 3rd Ave New York NY 10017 http://www.denka.co.jp/eng Sales@denka.us.com +1 212-688-8700 Fax: +1 212-688-8727 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha (Denka) is a chemical company operating in a wide range of business fields, including organic and inorganic materials for industrial manufacturing, materials for construction and civil engineering, electronic materials, food packaging materials, and pharmaceuticals. DETROIT PROCESS MACHINERY 560 Fox Pointe Ct Bloomfield Hills MI 48304 +1 248-858-8380 Fax: +1 248-858-8405 http://www.detroitprocessmachinery.com sales@detroitprocessmachinery.com Buys and sells powder presses, isostatic presses, piston extruders, mixers, blenders, attritors, spray dryers, pulverizers, and process mills. DIACUT INC 773 Hwy 105 Palmer Lake CO 80133 http://diacut.com sales@diacut.com +1 719-481-4205 Fax: +1 719-481-0872 Supplies diamond Thinwheel used for slicing, dicing, precision grinding, and cutoff operations. Thinwheels are used in single-wheel applications as well as in gang assemblies. Manufactures slicing and dicing blades with customized resin bonds. DIAMOND INDUSTRIAL TOOLS INC 6712 Crawford Ave Lincolnwood IL 60712 http://todit.com hgsachsel@gmail.com +1 800-227-5905 Fax: +1 800-441-7771 Manufactures and distributes precision-grinding systems and related diamond abrasive products. DIAMORPH AB c/o Tenmat Ltd Ashburton Road West Manchester M17 1TD UK http://www.diamorph.com sales@diamorph.com +44 161-872-2181 Diamorph AB is an advanced material company dealing with especially demanding industrial applications. DIANAMIC ABRASIVE PRODUCTS INC 2566 Industrial Row Dr Troy MI 48084 http://www.dianamic.com info@dianamic.com +1 248-280-1185 Fax: +1 248-280-2733 Industry leading manufacturer of electroplated single layer Diamond and CBN (galvanic process) superabrasives since 1985. Our grinding wheels, saw blades, routers, and peripheral Diamond tooling are made to customer drawings. Services include the inspection of spent tooling for damage prior to strip / re-plate with new Virgin Diamond. Our process allows us to Diamond electroplate steel, stainless steel, and aluminum. With 36+ years manufacturing experience, we offer application oriented Diamond type and mesh size selection for maximum performance, repeatable production results, and form retention. All our products are made 100% in the USA in our Troy Michigan plant. +1 610-758-9680 Fax: +1 610-758-8510 http://www.digitalpressusa.com/index.php Digital Press is leading the industry when it comes to hydraulic powder compacting presses. ME ELT IZER R&D.Pilot Plant Facility DIVERSIFIED CONTROLS & SYSTEM 645 Persons Street East Aurora, NY 14052 http://divconsys.com DORST AMERICA INC 64 S Commerce Way Bethlehem PA 18017 716-652-1460 +1 610-317-2000 Fax: +1 610-317-6416 https://www.dorst.de/en/dorst-america.html info@dorstamerica.com Designs and manufactures machinery, systems, and fully integrated plants for dinnerware, sanitaryware, advanced ceramics, soft and hard ferrite, and powder-metal industries. Program includes spray dryers, hydraulic presses, and isostatic dry presses. DOW CORNING CORP 2211 HH Dow Way Midland MI 48686 http://www.dowcorning.com product.info@dowcorning.com +1 989-496-6000 Fax: +1 989-496-8026 Worldwide supplier of additives, adhesives, coatings, reinforcing fillers, process aids, and release agents. DOWA HIGH TEMP FURNACES 1C 2nd Phase Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore Karnataka 560058 India http://www.dowahightemp.com sales@dowahightemp.com +91 80-2839-5917 Fax: +91 80-2839-0490 Manufacturer and supplier of industrial heat treatment furnaces with Japanese technology, including batch type integral sealed quench and soft nitriding furnaces, mesh belt furnaces, decarb annealing and blueing, and controlled atmosphere brazing. DU-CO CERAMICS COMPANY 155 S Rebecca St Saxonburg PA 16056 http://www.du-co.com sales@du-co.com +1 724-352-1511 Fax: +1 724-352-1266 Dry-press, roll compaction, and extruded forms in steatite, cordierite, MgO, forsterite, porcelain, mullite, and alumina. High purity materials are also available in MgO and alumina. Secondary operations include machining, glazing, grinding, and tumbling. Toll spray drying services are also available. Facilities in Saxonburg, PA (main) and Monroe, NC. DUNHUA ZHENGXING ABRASIVE CO LTD No 4 Industry Rd Development Zone Dunhua http://boroncarbide.cn rula@boroncarbide.cn +86 433-634-0878 Fax: +86 433-634-0868 Manufacturer of boron carbide since 1987. ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified. Major products: boron carbide powder, boron carbide sand nozzle, boron carbide plate, boron carbide neutron-absorbing material. DYNACUT INC 3425 Funk Mill Rd Springtown PA 18081 http://dynacut.com rplatt@dynacut.com +1 610-346-7386 Fax: +1 610-346-6770 Established 1965. Manufactures precision cutoff machines for glass, ceramics, metallurgical, composite, and geological applications. Designs and manufactures custom production cutting and grinding machinery. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Exothermics Inc EBL PRODUCTS INC 91 Prestige Pk Cir E Hartford CT 06108 http://www.eblproducts.com sales@eblproducts.com +1 860-290-3737 Fax: +1 860-291-2533 for companies and also does extensive testing for companies from all around the world. Provides standard, application-specific, and industrial piezoceramic transducer elements to researchers as well as manufacturers of piezoelectric transducers according to their terms and specifications. Orton EDWARD ORTON JR CERAMIC FOUNDATION 6991 Old 3C Hwy Westerville OH 43082 http://ortonceramic.com info@ortonceramic.com +1 614-895-2663 Fax: +1 614-895-5610 The Edward Orton Jr Ceramic Foundation manufactures and markets pyrometric cones, TempCHEks, TempTab\'s, electronic temperature controllers, thermoanalytical instruments, and provides materials testing services. EIRICH MACHINES INC 4033 Ryan Rd Gurnee IL 60031 http://www.eirichusa.com eirich@eirichusa.com +1 847-336-2444 Fax: +1 847-336-0914 EIRICH offers innovative technologies for the preparation of raw materials and bodies in the ceramic industry. EIRICH develops and manufactures equipment (stand-alone machines and complete systems) for material processing, including grinding, mixing, granulating, kneading, and suspending. The equipment is used for preparing refractory mixes for shaped and unshaped products, tap hole clay, silicate ceramics slurries for table and sanitary ware, technical ceramics for dental and ballistic protection application, proppants, and much more. The unique design of the EIRICH Mixer allows for mixing, granulating, kneading, and dispersing in one single machine, which saves on costs, energy, time, and space. The tool speed can easily be adjusted and guarantees short batch times and homogenization. The mixer sizes for ceramics applications range from 1 liter to 7,000 liters and can be combined with vacuum drying technology. EIRICH also offers mills for grinding and size reduction. Companies are welcome to visit EIRICH Machines\' in-house, fully-equipped test lab in Gurnee, Illinois, to optimize batch times and homogenization, develop recipes, and perform R&D. Due to COVID-19, EIRICH Machines now also offers virtual tests via livestream video, where customers can interact with the Test Lab Manager during the trial and watch everything that goes on with their product. ELAN TECHNOLOGY 169 Elan Ct Midway GA 31320 http://www.elantechnology.com info@elantechnology.com +1 912-880-3526 As one of the largest glass and ceramics manufacturers in the United States, Elan Technology produces glass preforms from hundreds of proprietary electronic glass compositions, commonly matched for glass-to-metal seals. Glass materials are also offered as milled or spray dried powders. Elan Technology also offers a variety of ceramic materials, such as alumina ceramic, steatite, zirconia, and cordierite. Ceramic materials are used for wear-resistant parts, insulators, and ceramic inserts for industrial applications. For more than 70 years, Elan Technology develops and manufactures advanced ceramics and glass materials. Its expert team of engineers can offer custom compositions to fit the most demanding applications. ELCAN INDUSTRIES INC 20 Marbledale Rd Tuckahoe NY 10707 http://elcanindustries.com info@elcanindustries.com +1 800-283-5226 Elcan sells advanced screening equipment that is unmatched in quality and performance. The company owns a large toll manufacturing facility in New York, where it sieves powders ELCON PRECISION LLC 1009 Timothy Dr San Jose CA 95133 https://www.elconprecision.com sales@elconprecision.com +1 408-292-7800 With more than 50 years of experience, Elcon Precision is a trusted provider of photochemically machined parts, metallized sapphires & ceramics, and vacuum & atmosphere brazed assemblies. ELECTRO ABRASIVES CORP 701 Willet Rd Buffalo NY 14218 http://electroabrasives.com info@electroabrasives.com +1 800-284-4748 Fax: +1 716-822-2858 Manufacture black SiC, green SiC, and boron carbide. Also makes SiC grains and water-classified fine powders to ANSI and FEPA F sizes, submicron, as well as refractory and custom splits. Applications include ceramics, abrasives, refractories. ELECTROSCIENCES LTD Farnham Surrey UK https://www.electrosciences.co.uk markys.cain@electrosciences.co.uk Electrosciences Limited provides specialized scientific and technical consultancy to industry and academia in the technical discipline of multifunctional materials research and development. The company\'s technical director is professor Markys G Cain, who has over 30 years of experience in applied R&D in both academic and industrial environments. Our business is modeled on the supply of scientific consultancy services. Expertise ranges from scientific strategy development for small business to bespoke scientific measurement solutions to your scientific and technical problems. Experience of over 30 years in the field of materials science and physics of the solid state lends itself to delivery of competent solutions to your scientific needs. Our specialist capabilities in the measurement of the properties of ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and multifunctional materials, films, crystals, and devices is offered with unique access to in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies of these materials. ELKEM METALS INC Airport Office Park Bldg 2 400 Rouser Rd Moon Township PA 15108 http://www.silicon.elkem.com siliconinfo@elkem.com +1 304-552-9266 Fax: +1 412-299-7238 Elkem products that may be of interest in the advanced ceramics field are the Silgrain line of silicon powders. Silicon powder is often used as a raw material for manufacturing silicon nitride and silicon carbide ceramics. EMPOWER MATERIALS INC 91 Lukens Dr New Castle DE 19720 +1 302-225-0100 Fax: +1 302-225-0101 http://www.empowermaterials.com customerservice@empowermaterials.com Manufactures and sells QPAC polyalkylene carbonate binders worldwide. QPAC features excellent green strength and processability, and extremely clean burnout in a variety of atmospheres. Available in solids, solutions, and water-based emulsions. ENDICOTT CLAY PRODUCTS COMPANY +1 402-729-3315 57120 707th Rd Fax: +1 402-729-5804 Endicott NE 68350 http://www.endicott.com endicott@endicott.com Endicott Clay Products Company, celebrating our 100th anniversary in 2020 is a leading family owned manufacturer of face brick, pavers, and thin brick. Producing over 100 millions bricks a year from our four Kiln process our 300 employees are proud of our quality and customer service. Endicott continues to grown in numbers, robotics and automation by striving to be the very best. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org ENGIS CORP 105 W Hintz Rd Wheeling IL 60090 http://www.engis.com kwerner@engis.com +1 847-808-9400 Fax: +1 847-808-9430 Manufactures a wide range of superabrasive tools, supplies, and equipment for grinding, lapping, polishing, and honing of difficult-to-machine materials to close tolerances. Process development services are offered. ENRG INC 155 Chandler St Ste 5 Buffalo NY 14207 http://www.enrg-inc.com kolenick@enrg-inc.com +1 716-873-2939 Fax: +1 716-873-3196 Manufacturer of ultrathin, durable, flexible, and high temperature tolerant ceramic foils. Substrate applications include solid state devices, portable electronics, lightweight solar PV, durable labels, displays, sensors, protective cladding, and bio-compatible devices. ER ADVANCED CERAMICS INC 600 E Clark St East Palestine OH 44413 http://www.usrefractories.com info@usrefractories.com +1 330-426-4500 Fax: +1 330-426-1859 Comprised of US Stoneware, US. Refractories, and US Pumps. US Stoneware is a designer and manufacturer of process equipment for milling, grinding, and blending. ESL ELECTROSCIENCE 416 E Church Rd King Of Prussia PA 19406 http://www.electroscience.com sales@electroscience.com +1 610-272-8000 Fax: +1 610-272-6759 ESL ElectroScience specializes in providing solutions to enable customers to take technologies from concept through high volume production. A global supplier of customized thick film pastes and ceramic tapes. ETHER NDE Endeavour House 3 Roundwood Lane +44 1582-767912 Fax: +44 1582-767912 Harpenden Hertfordshire AL5 3BW UK http://ethernde.com sales@ethernde.com Manufacturer of eddy current instruments, probes, and accessories. Vantage handheld dual frequency inspection instrument; SigmaCheck eddy current electrical conductivity meter; Veritor USB-attached battery-operated eddy current instrument; and more. EURO SUPPORT ADVANCED MATERIALS +31 413-283-911 Liessentstraat 9f Fax: +31 413-283-369 Uden5405 AH The Netherlands http://www.eurosupport.nl eurosupport@eurosupport.nl Euro Support Advanced Materials is an inorganic specialty materials producer, a.o. catalysts, dielectrics, and customized materials; including toll manufacturing. Over 20 years experience producing high purity barium titanate for the electronics industry. EVANS ANALYTICAL GROUP LLC 810 Kifer Rd Sunnyvale CA 94086 http://www.eaglabs.com info@eaglabs.com +1 408-530-3500 Fax: +1 408-530-3501 Evans Analytical Group is the global leader in materials characterization for ceramics and other advanced materials. We specialize in materials analysis using analytical techniques such as GDMS, ICPMS, TEM, and XRD. EXOTHERMICS INC 14 Columbia Dr Amherst NH 03031 http://www.exothermicsinc.com exo.info@exothermicsinc.com +1 603-821-5660 Advanced materials company that specializes in the development of ultrahigh temperature refractory compounds and ceramics for demanding aerospace, defense, and other niche applications. 119 EZG Manufacturing Inc Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member EZG MANUFACTURING INC +1 800-417-9272 FINEWAY CERAMICS 1833 North Riverview Rd Malta OH 43758 367 Askin Ave https://ezgmfg.com/refractoryprecast-equipment sales@ezgmfg.com The quality of EZG\'s precast and refractory equipment is what sets the company apart from competing manufacturers. We work closely with our customers and listen to their needs before streamlining our equipment to better serve you. This is why after nearly two decades of making model improvements our mixers are second to none. Our team is committed to pairing our customers with the equipment that suits their needs best. EZG\'s Hog line is renowned for its longevity, customizable options and dedicated customer service team. FCT INGENIEURKERAMIK GMBH Gewerbepark 11 Frankenblick Thuringia D-96528 Germany http://fcti.de k.berroth@fct-keramik.de +49 36766-8680 Fax: +49 36766-86868 Produces customized components made of silicon nitridebased ceramics, sintered silicon carbide, C/C-SiC composites, and zirconia. Major applications are in light-metal casting, wear protection, chemical and mechanical process engineering, electronics, precision optics, testing equipment, metal forming, and brake pads. FCT SYSTEME GMBH +49 36766-8240 Gewerbepark 16 Frankenblick Fax: +49 36766-824150 Thuringia D-96528 Germany http://www.fct-systeme.de info@fct-systeme.de Develop and manufacture sintering systems, such as hot presses and systems for spark plasma sintering, gaspressure sintering, and vacuum sintering up to ultrahigh temperatures for engineering ceramics, powder metallurgy, photovoltaics, and more. FEDERAL-MOGUL 27300 West 11 Mile Rd Southfield MI 48034 http://federal-mogul.com CPTinfo@federalmogul.com +1 734-254-8313 Fax: +1 734-254-8905 Global automotive supplier. Champion spark plugs, glow plugs, igniters, and spark ignition devices. Four ceramic manufacturing plants in North America and Europe. Ceramic development in Plymouth, Michigan. Produces high-volume alumina ceramic components. FELDCO INTL 12402 Circula Panorama Santa Ana CA 92705 http://feldcointernational.com feldcointernational@gmail.com +1 714-602-2415 Fax: +1 714-602-2417 Technical ceramic materials supplier, including boron carbide, boron carbide powder and sputtering targets, ceramics, metal, alloys, and others. FERRO-CERAMIC GRINDING INC 5 Cornell Pl Wilmington MA 01887 http://www.ferroceramic.com jonathans@ferroceramic.com +1 781-245-1833 Here at Ferro, we specialize in the precision machining and grinding of hard materials. We work with a large variety of advanced ceramic and different composite materials ranging from Alumina Oxides and Ferrites to Quartz Glass and Sapphire. FERROTEC CERAMIC PRODUCTS 2590 Nanhuan Rd Binjiang District Hangzhou Zhejiang 310053 China +86 571-8514-7487 http://ceramics.ferrotec.com/ceramics-home lutt@ferrotec.com.cn We are a Japanese company with manufacturing location in China. Our ceramics and quartz division is the largest manufacturer of semiconductor components in China since 2007. 120 Windsor N9B 2X1 Canada http://www.finewayceramics.com info@finewayinc.com +1 226-526-9785 Since 2008, Fineway Ceramics has been supplying advanced technical ceramics in North American markets. Fineway offers a range of industrial and advanced ceramics, including alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride. In addition, Fineway also provides ceramic raw materials, including silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and alumina powder. FIREBIRD THERMAL PRODUCTS CO +86 371-6580-1713 Rm 4-39 No 111 Hongzhuan Rd Zhengzhou Henan 450002 China http://firebirdindustry.en.ec21.com firebirdcorp@yahoo.cn Firebird Thermal Products Co is founded on the principle of quality, value, and service. We apply ourselves to meet our customer\'s various demands on high-temperature materials, including refractories, ceramics, and industry raw materials. FIVES NORTH AMERICAN COMBUSTION INC 4455 E 71st St Cleveland OH 44105 https://combustion.fivesgroup.com fna.sales@fivesgroup.com +1 216-271-6000 Fax: +1 216-641-7852 Supplier of combustion systems, products, and controls. FLUID ENERGY PROCESSING & EQUIPMENT CO 4300 Bethlehem Pike Telford PA 18969 http://fluidenergype.com websales@fluidenergype.com +1 215-721-8990 Fax: +1 215-721-2355 Established 1955. Designs and manufactures ultrafine grinding and flash-drying systems as well as contract toll grinding, crushing, coating, screening, blending, and micronizing of chemicals and refractory products. FOSBEL INC 20600 Sheldon Rd Brook Park OH 44142 http://www.fosbel.com fosbel.inc@fosbel.com +1 216-362-3900 Fax: +1 216-362-3901 Provides a range of furnace maintenance services, including ceramic-welding technology to repair all types of damaged refractories without furnace shutdown, rebricking services, checker cleaning and other hot repairs, inspections, and consulting. FOUNDATION FLOORS 4100 N Powerline Rd Ste B-3 Pompano Beach FL 33073 http://www.foundationfloors.com matt@foundationfloors.com +1 954-256-1447 Fax: +1 954-357-2151 Foundation Floors offers flooring materials from brands you know at the best prices. We carry bamboo, engineered, laminate, carpet, tile, vinyl, stone, and solid hardwood flooring. Visit FoundationFloors.com to learn more about our products. +49 351-25537512 Fax: +49 351-2554300 FRAUNHOFER INSTITUTE FOR CERAMIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS IKTS Winterbergstrasse 28 Dresden Saxony 1277 Germany http://www.ikts.fraunhofer.de/en.html alexander.michaelis@ikts.fraunhofer.de Covers advanced ceramics including the development and application of modern ceramic materials, production technologies, and components up to intelligent system solutions in many industry sectors for both structural and functional ceramics. FREE FORM FIBERS 10 Cady Hill Blvd Saratoga Springs NY 12866 https://www.fffibers.com sales@fffibers.com +1 518-690-0396 Based in Saratoga Springs, NY, Free Form Fibers is a small business focused on transitioning from advanced materials Research and Development, in areas such as Silicon Carbide, and related carbides, borides, nitrides, and novel oxide materials, into a full scale manufacturing operation. We look forward to satisfying customers in industries such as aerospace and defense, semiconductor, energy, and industrial applications. +49 6784-700 Fax: +49 6784-7011 FRITSCH GMBH - MILLING AND SIZING Industriestrasse 8 Idar Oberstein Rhineland-Palatinate D-55743 Germany http://www.fritsch.de info@fritsch.de Internationally respected manufacturer of applicationoriented laboratory instruments used in sample preparation and particle size analysis for industrial applications in process control, quality assurance, and high-precision research. FRITSCH MILLING & SIZING INC 57 Grant Dr Ste G Pittsboro NC 27312 http://www.fritsch-us.com info@fritsch-us.com +1 919-229-0599 FRITSCH―an internationally respected German manufacturer of lab mills and particle size/shape instruments. Capabilities into the nano range. For size reduction, homogenization, mechanical alloying, mechano-chemistry, chemical activation, and more. FURNACE PRODUCTS & SERVICES INC +1 724-285-3774 610 East Butler Rd Fax: +1 724-431-0944 Butler PA 16002 http://fpands.com sales@fpands.com Independent representative organization providing insulating firebrick, machining services, furnace rebuilds, combustion systems, forehearths, and more. FUSE TECH/HOT TECH GROUP 3400 Silica Rd Sylvania OH 43560 http://www.fusetech.com sales@FuseTech.com +1 419-841-9323 Fax: +1 419-842-0693 Performs ceramic welding and refractory services, including hot and cold repairs. The ceramic welding process was developed and originally designed for the in-situ repair of glass furnaces. FUSION CERAMICS INC 160 Scio Rd SE PO Box 127 Carrollton OH 44615 http://www.fusionceramics.com info@fusionceramics.com +1 330-627-2191 Fax: +1 330-627-2082 Manufactures glass and ceramic frits for whiteware, pottery, tile, vitrified abrasives, refractories and metallurgical applications, decorating enamels for glasses and ceramics, and specialty pigments and specks. Prepares custom, dryblended glazes, engobes (including Brikote), bodies, and bonds. Sells Reimbold & Strick stains, BMQ precious metals, ICA organic coatings, and raw materials. GAMRY INSTRUMENTS 734 Louis Dr Warminster PA 18974 http://www.gamry.com jketter@gamry.com +1 215-682-9330 For more than 20 years, Gamry Instruments provides high performance electrochemical instruments (potentiostat/ galvanostat/ZRA). A wide variety of experimental techniques are available for electrochemical testing. GARG PROCESS GLASS INDIA PVT LTD +91 22-2883-0309 2/222 New Sonal Link Ind Est Fax: +91 22-2888-3300 Link Rd Malad West Maharashtra 400064 India http://gargglassindia.com garg@gargglassindia.com Manufacturer and exporter of scientific lab glassware and scientific equipment such as distillation unit and reaction unit. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Gwent Electronic Materials Ltd GASBARRE PRODUCTS (PTX PENTRONIX) +1 814-371-3015 590 Division St DuBois PA 15801 http://www.gasbarre.com inquiries@gasbarre.com Gasbarre Products Inc is an international designer, manufacturer, and marketer of capital equipment and related services. We focus on primary process equipment for powder metallurgy, particulate materials, and thermal processing industries worldwide. No matter what your challenging opportunity may be, we can supply the best technically engineered solution for your specific needs! GASBARRE POWDER COMPACTION SOLUTIONS GASBARRE PRODUCTS INC 590 Division St +1 814-371-3015 Fax: +1 814-371-6387 PO Box 1022 DuBois PA 15801 http://gasbarre.com inquiries@gasbarre.com Manufactures mechanical and hydraulic powder compaction presses for dry pressing of ceramic powders. Compaction presses incorporate the floating die table concept as well as a removable die set series, a lab series, and a standard series. GE GLOBAL RESEARCH One Research Cir MB 159A Niskayuna NY 12309 http://www.geglobalresearch.com +1 518-387-6975 Making aircraft engines more efficient. Powering the world with flexible gas turbines. Crunching big data. Pioneering the Industrial Internet. Creating greener ground transportation. Refining medical imaging for the future. For more than a century, GE Global Research serves as the cornerstone of GE innovation. Currently, more than 3,000 of the world\'s brightest scientists, engineers, and researchers are working together to deliver technical breakthroughs for GE customers. GELLER MICROANALYTICAL LABORATORY INC 426 E Boston St Rt 1 Topsfield MA 01983 http://www.gellermicro.com sales@gellermicro.com +1 978-887-7000 Fax: +1 978-887-6671 Specializes in quantitative analysis of boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, etc., in micrometer-size areas. Elemental mapping, diffusion studies, failure analysis, reverse engineering, and phase are determinations. GENERAL GLASS EQUIPMENT CO General Glass Bldg 900 W Leeds Ave Pleasantville NJ 08232 http://generalglassequipment.com genglass@generalglassequipment.com +1 609-345-7500 Fax: +1 609-652-5700 Offers complete glass plants, engineering services, batch wetting systems, oscillating and standard nonoscillating batch chargers and controls, luminous furnaces, continuous glassmelting furnaces, automatic reversal systems, block cooling systems, and more. GENERAL MATERIAL INDUSTRIAL CO +86 757-8270-1478 Rm 2303 Tower 1 Junning Bldg No 213 Funing Rd Foshan Guangdong 528000 China http://www.amic.biz info@gmico.net GMIC mullite insulating brick are made of calcined mullite and imported calcined alumina. Various types of GMIC insulating brick can meet the requirements of heat-process and chemical-physical applications, and are used in industrial furnaces. GENERAL SPRAY DRYING SERVICE INC +1 908-353-2477 1001 Newark Ave Fax: +1 908-353-0060 Elizabeth NJ 07208 http://gsds@optonline.net waltreed@generalspraydrying.com Custom spray drying of glass, ceramics, metals, and chemicals. Moisture and particle-size control. Dry blending, powder cooling, and wet milling available. Test runs to full production. GERLING APPLIED ENGINEERING INC PO Box 580816 Modesto CA 95358 http://www.2450mhz.com sales@2450mhz.com +1 209-527-8960 Fax: +1 209-527-5385 Engineers, designs, and manufactures industrial microwaveheating equipment. Standard and custom products include generators, waveguide components, applicators, and complete systems operating at 2.45 GHz. GFS CHEMICALS INC 851 McKinley Ave Columbus OH 43222 http://www.gfschemicals.com service@gfschemicals.com +1 800-858-9682 Fax: +1 740-881-5989 GFS Chemicals is a specialty chemicals manufacturer of bulk inorganics, organic intermediates, and analytical reagents including perchlorates, chlorates, nitrates, iodates, periodates, oxides, lithium salts, heavy metal, and precious metal compounds. GLASS MFG INDUSTRY COUNCIL 500 Cleveland Ave Ste 510 Westerville OH 43082 http://gmic.org boblipetz@gmic.org +1 614-818-9423 Fax: +1 614-818-9485 A nonprofit trade association, the first organization to represent all sectors of the glass industry (container, flat, specialty and fiberglass). Dedicated to promoting the interests and economic growth, and sustainability of the glass industry. Glen Mills INC. GLEN MILLS INC 220 Delawanna Ave Clifton NJ 07014 http://www.glenmills.com staff@glenmills.com +1 973-777-0777 Fax: +1 973-777-0070 Markets sample preparation equipment, including milling (wet and dry milling for size reduction), powder blending, sample dividing, and sample extraction. NEW: Kakuhunter centrifugal planetary mixer for mixing viscous liquids and pastes; degassing. Offers ceramic, glass, and steel beads and balls. Pilot-plantsized equipment available. Laboratory tests and contract work. GMA INDUSTRIES INC 38127 Ecorse Rd Romulus MI 48174 http://www.gmaind.com sales@gmaind.com +1 734-595-7300 Fax: +1 734-595-1310 GMA Industries is a leading supplier of recycled abrasive media and virgin abrasive media for blasting operations and finishing applications. Specializing in aluminum oxide, steel shot, steel grit, and nu-soft. GOCERAM AB Svealiden 8 Västra Götaland County Mölndal S-431 39 Sweden http://goceram.com info@goceram.com +46 31-18-11-03 Develops, manufactures, and markets medium-pressure injection-molding systems, including low-cost mixers, injection-molding machines, and rate-controlled debinding furnaces as well as supercritical carbon dioxide binder extractors. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org GOODFELLOW CORP 125 Hookstown Grade Rd Coraopolis PA 15108 http://www.goodfellowusa.com info@goodfellowusa.com +1 724-695-7060 Fax: +1 724-695-7063 Supplies ceramics and custom ceramic components as well as metals, polymers, and other materials to meet the R&D and specialist production requirements of science and industry worldwide. GORKA CEMENT 58 Lipcowa St Trzebinia 32-540 Poland http://www.gorka.us R.HUNTER@GORKA.US GÓRKA CEMENTS +1 312-772-0251 For more than 100 years, Gorka Cement has been manufacturing calcium aluminate and high alumina cements from our headquarters in Trzebinia, Poland. Our technical knowledge, experience and longevity in manufacturing help make the GORKAL brand of cements an excellent choice for all applications. We pride ourselves on the quality, consistency and purity of our products. Since 2000, we have been part of the Mapei group. This affiliation has assisted us in expanding our customer base to new markets and applications in over 60 countries throughout the world. GRAINBOUND LLC 301 Broadway Ste M100G Bethlehem PA 18015 http://www.grainbound.com info@grainbound.com +1 855-472-4623 GrainBound, LLC diagnoses and solves industrial processing and performance issues pertaining to ceramic parts and powders by examining grain boundaries. Our team calls upon decades of interface design experience, utilizes stateof-the-art experimental techniques, and big data analytics to optimize your process to create reliable, high-quality products. GRAND POWER SYSTEMS FORMALLY +1 844-383-8644 WARNER POWER LLC 1500 Marion Grand Haven MI 49417 https://grandpowersystems.com support@grandpowersystems.com Warner Power provides highly engineered power conversion products and services that improve process reliability and efficiency for a broad range of industries worldwide. GREENLEE DIAMOND TOOL CO 2375 Touhy Ave Elk Grove Village IL 60007 http://www.greenleediamond.com vpecis@greenleediamond.com +1 866-451-3316 Fax: +1 847-593-3165 Full line of diamond and CBN products including resin, polyimide, metal, hybrid, vitrified, and electroplated. Diamond band saw blades for cutting a variety of materials, including silicon, quartz, sapphire, ceramics, graphite, glass, and carbides. +44 1495-7505 Fax: +44 1495-752121 GWENT ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LTD Mamhilad Park Monmouth House Pontypool Gwent NP4 OHZ UK http://g-e-m.com les@gwent.org Manufactures pastes and inks for electronics, automotive, decorative and passive components industries, including conductive and insulating, particulate- and organometallicbased products. Provides full range of materials. 121 H&M Analytical Services Inc Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member H&M ANALYTICAL SERVICES INC 35 Hutchinson Rd Allentown NJ 08501 +1 609-758-5700 Fax: +1 609-758-5708 http://h-and-m-analytical.com mail@h-and-m-analytical.com Analytical testing lab providing X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, particle size distribution, and SEM/ EDS services. Provides litigation support, such as patent infringement and expert witness testimony. HAIKU TECH EUROPE BV Spoorweglaan 16 Maastricht 6221 BS The Netherlands http://www.haikutech.com sales@haikutech.com +31 43-457-8080 Fax: +31 43-457-8053 Customized technical and equipment solutions for the manufacture of ceramic multilayer products. Portfolio includes: dielectric powders, binders, tape casters, sheet blankers, mechanical punches, screen printers, stackers, isostatic laminators, green chip (hot knife) dicers, termination equipment, furnaces, optical dilatometers, belt furnaces, and visual inspection equipment. We also offer ceramic tape development and manufacturing consulting services. Represent Keko Equipment, LONG Automatic Machinery, Heng Li Eletek, and Polymer Innovations. HAIKU TECH INC 11025 NW 29th St Doral FL 33172 http://www.haikutech.com sales@haikutech.com +1 305-463-9304 Fax: +1 305-463-8751 Customized technical and equipment solutions for the manufacture of ceramic multilayer products. Portfolio includes: dielectric powders, binders, tape casters, sheet blankers, mechanical punches, screen printers, stackers, isostatic laminators, green chip (hot knife) dicers, termination equipment, furnaces, optical dilatometers, and visual inspection equipment. We also offer ceramic tape development and manufacturing consulting services. Represent Keko Equipment, LONG Automatic Machinery, Expert Systems Solutions, and Polymer Innovations. HALDOR TOPSOE A/S Haldor Topsøes Allé 1 Lyngby DK-2800 Kgs Denmark http://topsoe.com +45 45-27-20-00 Fax: +45 45-27-29-99 Our scope is broad: from nanotechnology research and development of catalysts and catalytic processes to aftersales service of our customers\' plants. HARBISONWALKER INTL 1305 Cherrington Pkwy Ste 100 Moon Township PA 15108 http://thinkhwi.com customer-service@thinkhwi.com +1 412-375-6600 With more than 150 years of industry leadership, HarbisonWalker International (HWI) is the largest supplier of refractory products and services in the United States. HWI serves virtually every major industry that requires refractory solutions to enhance production and protect assets. Harper HARPER INTERNATIONAL 4455 Genesee St Ste 123 Buffalo NY 14225 http://www.harperintl.com info@harperintl.com International +1 716-276-9900 Fax: +1 716-810-9460 Harper is the world leader in complete thermal processing solutions and technical services for the production of advanced ceramic materials, including custom designed rotary, pusher, and belt conveyor furnaces. Harper\'s experience spans a range of engineering ceramics, with extensive experience in designing for the production of silicon nitride, tungsten carbide, boron nitride, and aluminas. Additionally, Harper kilns are widely used to calcine powders and sinter components such as thermistors, varistors, and monolithic and multilayer capacitors. HARROP Fice our imagination HARROP INDUSTRIES INC 3470 E 5th Ave Columbus OH 43219 http://harropusa.com sales@harropusa.com +1 614-231-3621 Fax: +1 614-235-3699 Established 1919. Engineers and constructs kilns, dryers, and ceramic process plants. Comprehensive expertise with field-built and prefabricated designs. Serves all segments of the ceramic industry with belt furnaces, forced-air bakeout ovens, and more. HEARTLAND WOOD FLOORING +1 754-600-9990 4100 North Powerline Rd Ste B-3 Fax: +1 754-300-1488 Pompano Beach FL 33073 http://www.heartlandwood flooring.com admin@heartlandwoodflooring.com Heartland Wood Flooring supplies laminate, marble, tile, carpet, vinyl, solid and engineered wood, and cork flooring. HED INTL INC PO Box 246 Ringoes NJ 08551 http://hed.com info@hed.com +1 609-466-1900 Fax: +1 609-466-3608 Manufactures and sells unique/pereny kilns and furnaces. Manufactures and supplies Isomax blue-flame burner systems. Specializes in tape-casting machines, custom-built equipment, and computer-controlled system integration. Import and export capabilities. HERAEUS QUARTZ UK LTD Neptune Rd +44 191-262-5311 Fax: +44 191-263-8040 Wallsend Tyne & Wear NE28 6DD UK http://www.heraeus-quarzglas.com quarzglas@heraeus.com Manufacture fused quartz and fused silica materials and products for semiconductor, optical, fiber-optics, and more. Products include fused quartz and synthetic fused silica ingots, optical components, tubes, and rods. Worldwide exporter. Manufacturing. HEXION INC 180 East Broad St Columbus OH 43215 http://www.hexion.com service@hexion.com +1 614-986-2497 Fax: +1 877-443-9466 Based in Columbus, Ohio, Hexion Inc is a global producer of epoxy specialty resins, modifiers, and curing agents thermoset resins. Thermoset resins now encompass global operations that produce high performance phenolic, epoxy, and unsaturated polyester resin technologies. +1 865-574-5123 Fax: +1 865-574-4913 HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS LAB PO Box 2008 Bldg 4515 Oak Ridge TN 37831 http://www.html.ornl.gov laracurzioe@ornl.gov HTML is a DOE User Facility dedicated to solving materials problems that limit the efficiency and reliability of systems for power generation and energy conversion, distribution and use. Includes six user centers. HINDALCO INDUSTRIES LIMITED Post Bag 1Belagavi Karnataka 590 010 India http://www.hindalco.com hindalco@adityabirla.com +91 831-247-2739 Fax: +91 831-247-2738 Established 1938 as part of Alcan Group Co. Manufactures metallurgical, ceramic, and special grades of alumina and hydrates, carbon/graphite shapes, and semifabricated aluminum products. Acquired by Aditya Birla Group in 2000. HITACHI HIGH-TECH AMERICA INC 22610 Gateway Center Dr Ste 100 Clarksburg MD 20871 https://www.hitachi-hightech.com/us hta-microscopy@hitachi-hightech.com +1 800-253-3053 Hitachi provides technologically advanced imaging solutions to the materials science, biological and academic research, and industrial manufacturing sectors. Our innovative and reliable instrumentation includes SEM, TEM, dedicated STEM, FIB, Ion Milling instrumentation, tabletop microscopes, and sample prep systems. Hitachi\'s new portfolio of SPM products offer extraordinary levels of performance and ease-of-use, including revolutionary environmental controls that support a variety of in-situ observations. HITECH MATERIALS PTY LTD 60-62 Murray Park Rd Figtree 2525 Australia http://www.hitechmaterials.com.au Info@hitechmaterials.com.au +61 419-991-930 We investigate refractory and ceramic failures, offer testing and analysis services to any standard or nonstandard method, prepare expert witness reports, independently compare materials from different supplier, and validate material properties. HOCKMEYER EQUIPMENT CORP 6 Kitty Hawk Ln Elizabeth City NC 27909 https://hockmeyer.com sales@hockmeyer.com +1 252-338-4705 Fax: +1 252-338-6540 Hockmeyer Equipment is a leader in the wet grinding and dispersion industry and offers custom designed process equipment for mixing, blending, dispersing, and particle size reduction as fine as 25 nanometers. HORIBA INSTRUMENTS INC 9755 Research Dr Irvine CA 92618 http://www.horiba.com labinfo@horiba.com +1 949-250-4811 Fax: +1 949-468-1790 Offering a wide range of analytical instruments, including particle-size and shape analysis, particle composition, surface area, water quality, ICP, Raman, X-ray microscopy, process gas analysis, and gloss metering. HOTEK ALLIANCE LTD Century Rd Zhangdian Zibo Shandong 255000 China http://www.hotekalliance.com hoteksales@163169.net +86 533-381-1405 Fax: +86 533-381-1827 Established in 1988, Hotek Alliance Limited is a leading manufacturer of heating elements in China. 90% of its products are sold internationally to Europe (U.K., Poland, Germany, France), U.S., Canada, South Africa, Australia, Russia, South Korea, and Japan. HUNTER CHEMICAL LLC 220 Commerce Dr Ste 405 Fort Washington PA 19034 http://www.hunterchem.com greg@hunterchem.com +1 215-461-1900 Fax: +1 215-461-1919 Hunter Chemical is an ISO9001:2015 certified supplier of nickel, cobalt, and chrome-based raw materials, including oxides and carbonates used in ceramic, refractory, and related applications. Materials are stocked at multiple locations across the U.S. for prompt delivery. HUNTERLAB 11491 Sunset Hills Rd Reston VA 20190 http://hunterlab.com sales@hunterlab.com +1 703-471-6870 Fax: +1 703-471-4237 Manufactures systems that measure reflected and transmitted color, and quantify how color appears to the human eye. Measures incoming material as well as in-process and final product inspection. Systems measure color, achromaticity, whiteness, and more. 122 www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 IPS Ceramics Ltd HYSITRON INC 9625 W 76th St Minneapolis MN 55344 https://www.hysitron.com info@hysitronindia.com +1 952-835-6366 Fax: +1 952-835-6166 IMERYS REFRACTORY MINERALS +1 229-924-4461 Fax: +1 229-924-4461 Hysitron is the world leader in developing nanomechanical test instruments and designs cutting edge technology for the scientific community since 1992. As the pioneers of in situ imaging with nanomechanical property measurement capabilities, Hysitron grew with the nanotechnology market for over two decades. I²R SQUARED RELEMENT I SQUARED R ELEMENT CO 12600 Clarence Center Rd Akron NY 14001 http://www.isquaredrelement.com sales@isquaredrelement.com +1 716-542-5511 Fax: +1 716-542-2100 Established 1964. Manufacturer of Starbar SPC and Moly-D Mosi, heating elements for use in a wide range of atmospheres up to 1,800°C element temperature. Offers free furnace design consultation. IFB INSULATING FIREBRICK INC 899 Bedford St Claysburg PA 16625 http://insulatingfirebrick.com sales@insulatingfirebrick.com +1 724-282-1012 Fax: +1 724-431-0944 Offers a complete line of high-temperature insulating firebrick and in-house capabilities to provide arches, keys, wedes, and skews. Most grades and straights are stocked. IIVI II-VI AEROSPACE & DEFENSE 36570 Briggs Rd Murrieta CA 92563 http://iiviad.com sales@iiviad.com AEROSPACE & DEFENSE +1 951-926-2994 II-VI Aerospace & Defense (II-VI A&D) brings together several leading optical brands under II-VI Inc. Our expanding and extensive capabilities cover a wide range of products and applications making us the most advantageous supplier of optical and laser components and subassemblies, engineered materials and specialty solutions. As an integrated provider, II-VI A&D is uniquely positioned to offer critical and complex design, engineering and production requirements of customers in the aerospace and defense industries. From concept design development through production, we collaborate with our customers to integrate the design and manufacture of systems that consistently exceed expectations. We are transforming our ideas into cutting edge solutions for a safer tomorrow. IMERYS +1 770-645-3705 100 Mansell Court East Ste 300 Fax: +1 770-645-3460 Roswell GA 30076 http://imerys.com karla.smith@imerys.com Imerys Ceramics, a business unit of Imerys, produces and supplies performance minerals for the ceramics and glass industries. A premier worldwide supplier of kaolin and ball clays, feldspar, ceramic bodies, glazes, mica, and silica sands. IMERYS FUSED MINERALS MURG GMBH +49 7763-933500 Ferroweg 1 Fax: +49 7763-933989 Laufenburg D79725 Germany http://www.imerys-fusedminerals.com ifm-mu@imerys.com Manufacturer of zirconia and other oxide powders and grains for refractories, engineering ceramics, and coatings. PO Box 37 Andersonville GA 31711 http://imerys-refractoryminerals.com irmusa_inquire@imerys.com Imerys Refractory Minerals is the world leader in minerals for refractory, investment casting, and other industrial applications. Products include calcined aluminosilicates, chamottes, andalusites, fused silicas, refractory clays, and fused minerals. +91 33-2413-88 Fax: +91 33-2413-8878 INDIAN CERAMIC SOCIETY CSIR - Central Glass & and Ceramic Research Institute 196 Raja S.C Mullick Rd Jadavpur PO Opposite of Jadavpur Police Station Kolkata 700 032 India http://incers.org info@incers.org Established 1928. Promotes the advancement of technical and scientific information, education, and research in ceramics in India. Membership confined to individuals who are scientists, technologists, partners, or proprietors of a firm. INDO US MIM TEC +91 80-2204-8800 No 45 P KIADB Industrial Area Fax: +91 80-2797-1624 Hoskote Bangalore Karnataka 562 114 India http://indo-mim.com/home.html infohq@indo-mim.com Indo-Mim is a leading global supplier of metal injection molded products and is a fully integrated MIM parts producer with capabilities and proficiency in design, tooling, and materials, and a full range of finishing and assembly operations. INDUCERAMIC 285 Erb St W Unit 106 Waterloo N2L 1W5 Canada http://www.induceramic.com info@induceramic.com +1 226-476-1298 Fax: +1 226-666-7122 Induceramic, founded in Canada in 2006, specializes in industrial ceramic products and equipment. Induceramic focuses on applications and uses its broad experience to ensure excellent production capabilities for industrial ceramic products. INDUSTRIAL CERAMIC PRODUCTS INC +1 800-427-2278 14401 Suntra Way Fax: +1 937-644-2646 Marysville OH 43040 http://industrialceramic.com sales@industrialceramic.com Established 1936. Manufactures refractory specialties for ceramics, heat-treating, foundry and investment-casting industries. Diverse product line includes pottery pins, gating components, pouring cups, and filters for molten metals. INDUSTRIAL HARD CARBON LLC 771 Crosspoint Dr Denver NC 28037 http://industrialhardcarbon.com gbarr@industrialhardcarbon.com Hard carbon deposition services. INGREDIENT MASTERS INC. INGREDIENT MASTERS INC 377 East Main St Batavia OH 45103 http://www.ingredientmasters.com im@ingredientmasters.com +1 800-752-7629 Fax: +1 704-489-2177 +1 513-231-7432 Fax: +1 513-457-5708 Precision Batching Systems for major, minor and micro ingredients. If you use dry powder, flake or granular materials in paper bags, drums, or even 4,000 lb. bulk sacks and you want to shorten process cycles, improve consistency, reduce fuel costs, or eliminate product waste, call us today. Our custom American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org dry bulk batching solutions and expert controls capability have increased capacity, reduced labor costs, and improved bottom line results for customers worldwide. Custom turnkey systems are engineered to meet the requirements of processors of all types, from small, manual systems to very large, automated systems. INNOVNANO - ADVANCED MATERIALS SA iParque Lote 13 Apartado 7030 Antanhol 3040-570 Portugal http://www.innovnano-materials.com info@innovnano-materials.com +351 239-002-850 Fax: +351 239-002-869 Innovnano is a specialist manufacturer of high quality nanostructured zirconia-based powders and alumina zinc oxide (AZO) sputtering targets. Using a unique synthesis technology-emulsion detonation synthesis (EDS)— Innovnano guarantees small grain sizes and excellent chemical homogeneity for high performance powders that support high-tech industries. INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED MATERIALSCERAMICS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING +49 721-60844246 Fax: +49 721-60848891 Haid-und-Neu-Str 7 Karlsruhe Baden-Wurttemberg D-76131 Germany http://www.iam.kit.edu/km/286.php kontakt@ikm.uni-karlsruhe.de Scientists in the Institute of Ceramics in Mechanical Engineering within the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering deal with the development of engineering ceramics for various high-tech applications. INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR DIFFRACTION DATA 12 Campus Blvd Newtown Square PA 19073 http://www.icdd.com marketing@icdd.com +1 610-325-9814 Fax: +1 610-325-9823 The International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD) and Materials Data (MDI) focus on the needs of the materials characterization scientific community by providing the Powder Diffraction File (PDF) and JADE analysis software. PDF Release 2020 contains over 1,000,000 entries for phase identification and JADE Pro software provides the best in X-ray powder diffraction data analysis. These material identification databases are interfaced with diffractometers and data analysis systems of the world\'s leading software developers and manufacturers of X-ray equipment. INTERNATIONAL CERAMIC ENGINEERING +1 508-853-4700 235 Brooks St Worcester MA 01606 http://www.intlceramics.com International Ceramic Engineering specializes in the design and manufacture of unique components. Our primary objective is to provide these components and associated services in a manner that ensures consistent and reliable performance. Quality is our commitment to our customers. The quality process is monitored from design to completion to guarantee an integrated and controlled process. This process yields components of the highest precision, accuracy, repeatability and quality. ICE offers a broad range of advanced ceramic and performance plastic materials. Our materials experts are available to help determine the most costeffective geometry for your advanced material requirements. IPS CERAMICS LTD Unit 6 High Carr Business Park Decade Close +44 1782-711511 Fax: +44 1782-717078 Newcastle under Lyme ST5 7UH UK http://www.ipsceramics.com enq@ipsceramics.com IPS Ceramics is a manufacturer of specialist hightemperature ceramics. Its products are largely based on cordierite-mullite systems that result in aluminosilicate refractory products that are strong and stable at high temperatures. 123 Ipsen Ceramics Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member IPSEN CERAMICS 325 John St +1 815-239-2385 Fax: +1 815-239-2387 PO Box 420 Pecatonica IL 61063 http://ipsenceramics.com Ceramics@lpsenUSA.com Produces a wide variety of standard and custom refractory shapes, and toll firing services. Typical ceramic shapes include plates, saggers, crucibles, and kiln furniture. Formulas include high-percentage alumina and fused silica. Also, toll firing services. ISOFORM LTD Maer Ln Ind Est Market Drayton Shropshire TF9 1QS UK http://www.isoform.co.uk info@isoform.co.uk +44 1630-652772 Fax: +44 1630-652518 Designs and manufactures high-performance dry-bag isostatic presses (CIP), associated tooling, polyurethane molds, powder-filling devices, and unloading systems. A wide range of product shapes can be produced from most freeflowing powdered materials. ISRAEL CERAMIC & SILICATE INST Technion City Haifa District Haifa 32000 Israel http://isracer.org isracer@actcom.co.il +972 4-822-2107 Fax: +972 4-832-5339 Performs contract and technological research in the field of ceramics and glass. Objective is the development of new products or fabrication technologies. Focus is on solid-state lasers, piezoceramics, ceramic armor, transparent ceramics, and glass. IVOCLAR VIVADENT INC Bendererstrasse 2 Schaan 9494 Principality of Liechtensteinen http://www.ivoclarvivadent.com John.Isherwood@ivoclarvivadent.com +423 235-35-35 Ivoclar Vivadent is a global leader in innovative materials and processes for quality, esthetic dentistry. The company employs over 3200 people and operates in over 120 countries throughout the world. Ivoclar Vivadent is headquartered in Schaan, Liechtenstein. J RETTENMAIER USA 16369 US Highway 131 S Schoolcraft MI 49087-9150 http://www.jrs.eu/jrs_en tradeshows@jrsusa.com +1 269-679-2340 The J Rettenmaier & Söhne Group (JRS) dedicates itself to research, development, and processing of high quality organic fibers derived from vegetable raw materials. JRS makes many features of these valuable natural substances available for industrial purposes, including products made of cellulose, cereal, and fruit fibers or woodfibers, processed into microfibers, compacts, granules, mixtures, or special dosage forms as needed. The basis of these concepts is an innovative enhanced process technology (EPT) with JRS\'s unique, innovative process engineering modular system. JAMES INSTRUMENTS 3727 N Kedzie Ave Chicago IL 60618 http://www.ndtjames.com info@ndtjames.com +1 773-463-6565 Fax: +1 773-463-0009 Manufactures nondestructive test equipment for concrete and other coarse-grained materials. Supplies ceramic materials testing instruments that measure and analyze strength, structure, corrosion, and moisture in concrete, and more. JAPAN FINE CERAMICS CENTER 2-4-1 Mutsuno Atsuta-ku Nagoya Aichi 456-8587 Japan http://www.jfcc.or.jp +81 52-871-3500 Fax: +81 52-871-3599 Established 1985. R&D-based organization for standardization, quality improvement, and expansion of uses and applications of advanced ceramics, engineering ceramics, and electronic ceramics. Offers contract-basis tests and research. 124 JENIKE & JOHANSON 400 Business Park Dr Tyngsboro MA 01879 https://jenike.com info@jenike.com +1 978-649-3300 Jenike & Johanson specializes in solids handling with expertise in storage, feeding, conveying, and processing. Our skilled, highly technical team of experts and industry-leading innovations has successfully delivered engineering solutions for 50 years. We are the world\'s leading technology company in this field. Our solutions achieve reliable solids flow with minimized variations based on proven theories and extensive project experience. Typical project focuses include raw material storage and metering, mixed batch handling and process/furnace feeding, root cause investigation of mixed batch variations due to segregation, as well as finished powder storage and packing. Understanding material flow properties is at the core of all our work, including the effects of temperature, storage times, humidity/moisture migration and other process conditions. Every one of our projects is truly unique. We offer our clients maximum flexibility in selecting services to meet their project requirements. We do not follow the one size fits all concept which can be a dangerous pitfall in engineering. Decisions made during the feasibility and engineering stages of a project are critically important for its success. If your process equipment is not engineered from the outset to handle the unique characteristics of your materials, start-up can be significantly delayed and design capacity may never be reached. JEOL USA INC 11 Dearborn Rd Peabody MA 01960 http://www.jeolusa.com salesinfo@jeol.com +1 978-535-5900 Fax: +1 978-536-2205 Since 1949, the JEOL legacy is one of outstanding innovation in developing instruments used to advance scientific research and technology. JEOL has 60 years of expertise in the field of electron microscopy, more than 50 years in mass spectrometry and NMR spectrometry, and more than 40 years of e-beam lithography leadership. JET EDGE WATERJET SYSTEMS 12070 43rd St NE St Michael MN 55376 http://jetedge.com sales@jetedge.com +1 763-497-8700 Jet Edge manufactures precision waterjet cutting machines, water jet intensifier pumps, and waterjet parts. Jet Edge also makes mobile waterjet cutting systems and ultrahigh pressure water blasting systems for cleaning and surface preparation applications. JIFFY MIXER CO INC 1691 California Ave Corona CA 92881 http://jiffymixer.com sales@jiffymixer.com +1 951-272-0838 Fax: +1 951-279-7651 Produces a portable, nonelectrical, all-purpose mixer hand tool. JOHNSON MATTHEY TECHNOLOGY CENTRE JTF MICROSCOPY SERVICES LLC 9064 Wixson Rd Hammondsport NY 14840 http://www.jtfmicroscopy.com terry@jtfmicroscopy.com +1 607-292-6808 JTF Microscopy Services LLC is an independent company that provides microscopic defect analysis and glass technology services to glass manufacturers around the world and related industries such as raw materials, refractory, furnace repair and cullet/recycling, as well as pharmaceutical & automotive components. JYOTI CERAMIC INDUSTRIES PVT LTD +91 253-235-0120 C-21 NICE Fax: +91 253-235-0023 Satpur Nashik Maharashtra 422007 India https://www.jyoticeramic.com info@jyoticeramic.com Manufactures standard and custom-made industrial ceramics in a variety of ceramic compositions such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, zirconia-toughened alumina, mullite, cordierite, steatite, and forsterite. Exports worldwide. KEELING & WALKER LTD Whieldon Road Stoke on Trent ST4 4JA UK http://www.keelingwalker.co.uk sales@keelingwalker.co.uk +44 1782 744136 +44 1782 744126 Keeling & Walker Ltd. is the leading manufacturer of Tin Oxides. Superlite is the most known grade and brand for high quality Tin Oxide for making Ceramic Color Pigments or for Opacification. Keeling & Walker offers tailor made Tin Oxide grades for the Glass, Friction, Electrical and Electronic Industries. KEITH CO 8323 Loch Lomond Dr Pico Rivera CA 90660 http://www.keithcompany.com info@keithcompany.com +1 800-545-4567 Fax: +1 562-949-3696 Provides furnace systems for processing electronics and advanced materials, as well as specialty metals from 5001,800°C. Fifty-four years of experience providing furnaces for high temperature, precise temperature, and atmosphere control. KERNEOS INC 1316 Priority Ln Chesapeake VA 23324 http://kerneosinc.com kus.info@kerneos.com +1 877-527-6367 Fax: +1 757-284-3333 Manufactures six refractory cements with alumina content (purity level) ranging from 40-80%. KOREA INST OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY 7-47 Songdo-dong Yeonsu-gu Incheon Sudogwon Korea http://www.kitech.re.kr master@kitech.re.kr +82 10-7633-0902 Fax: +82 32-850-0230 A government research institute to help develop technologies for the domestic industry, with focus on export competitiveness and SMEs. Receives government and private funding; distributes its research grants to private companies. +44 118-924-2000 Fax: +44 118-924-2254 Blounts Court Rd Sonning Common Reading RC4 9NH UK KOYO BEARINGS NORTH AMERICA http://www.matthey.com group.info@matthey.com Johnson Matthey is a speciality chemicals company focused on its core skills in catalysis, precious metals, fine chemicals, and process technology. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY 550 Polaris Pkwy Ste 510 Westerville OH 43082 http://ceramics.org customerservice@ceramics.org +1 866-721-3322 Fax: +1 614-794-5892 This publication is one of the top sources for ceramic and glass science research, providing scientists, engineers, and students with critically assessed, original research for over 100 years. 7 Research Dr Greenville SC 29607 http://www.jtekt-na.com Sales.Inquiries@jtekt.com +1 864-770-2100 Manufactures and supplies ball and roller bearings, including bearings for extreme special environments. KYANITE MINING CORP 30 Willis Mountain Plant Ln Dillwyn VA 23936 http://kyanite.com hankjamerson@kyanite.com +1 434-983-2085 Fax: +1 434-983-3579 Mines and markets raw and calcined kyanite (mullite), domestically and internationally. Available in grain sizes of 35, 48, 100, 200, and 325 mesh. Six plants in Virginia. Provides alumina silicate mineral. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Maryland Ceramic & Steatite Co Inc KYOCERA INTERNATIONAL INC 8611 Balboa Ave San Diego CA 92123 http://global.kyocera.com fcsales@kyocera.com +1 619-576-2600 LECO CORPORATION Established in 1959, Kyocera\'s track record in Fine Ceramics is unmatched. Expanding its reach into everyday products and fostering discoveries into uncharted territories, we utilize our extensive resources in research, development and production to select the optimal raw materials and manufacturing methods for each application. Breakthroughs and improvements in a wide range of industries are facilitated by the unique qualities of Kyocera\'s Fine Ceramics. L&L KILN MFG INC 505 Sharptown Rd Swedesboro NJ 08085 http://hotkilns.com sales@hotkilns.com +1 856-294-0077 Fax: +1 856-294-0070 Manufactures ceramic electric kilns for more than 70 years. Services the industrial, professional, institutional, and hobby ceramics markets with top-loading, bell-lift, car bottom, and front-loading kilns that use ceramic Dyna-Glow element holders. Temperatures up to 2,350°F. L&L Special FURNACE CO, INC L&L SPECIAL FURNACE CO INC 20 Kent Rd., PO Box 2129 Aston PA 19014 https://llfurnace.com sales@llfurnace.com +1 610-459-9216 Fax: +1 610-459-3689 Manufactures industrial electric and gas-fired furnaces and kilns up to 1,700°C maximum temperature. Features include car bottom, bottom loader, box furnace, controlled atmosphere (including hydrogen), pusher, and continuous types. LAEIS GMBH Am Scheerleck 7 Wecker Luxembourg L-6868 http://laeis.eu info@laeis.eu +352 27-61-20 Fax: +352 27-61-21-09 Produces high-performance hydraulic presses, dryers, and kilns, mainly for refractories, advanced and technical ceramics, fine ceramics, building material, and other applications. LAGUNA CLAY CO 14400 Lomitas Ave City Of Industry CA 91746 http://lagunaclay.com info@lagunaclay.com +1 626-330-0631 Fax: +1 626-333-7694 Manufactures dry, pugged, and slip clay (custom and stock), powder and liquid glazes (custom and stock), Pacifica potter\'s wheels, Laguna kickwheels, gas kilns, banding wheels, and ware racks. Supplies raw materials, hydraulic presses, jiggers, and mixers. LANCASTER PRODUCTS 920 Mechanic St Lebanon PA 17046 https://www.lancasterproducts.com info@lancasterproducts.com +1 717-273-2111 Produces mixers (rotating pan, countercurrent, high-intensity, and muller mixer as well as pug mills), KT pneumatic conveyors with bulk-bag unloader, double-roll crushers, table feeders, AutoBrik molded brickmaking machines, and custom machines. LASERAGE TECHNOLOGY CORP 3021 N Delany Rd Waukegan IL 60087 http://laserage.com sales@laserage.com +1 847-249-5900 Fax: +1 847-336-1103 Laserage offers fast, flexible, and cost effective laser cutting, drilling, machining, and scribing for custom ceramics applications with guaranteed plug free substrates. Laser processing services for most metals, plastics, and composites are also available. 3000 Lakeview Ave St Joseph MI 49085 http://www.leco.com info@leco.com +1 800-292-6141 Fax: +1 269-982-8977 Manufactures and sells lab instruments for the analysis of ceramic and refractory material, sample preparation equipment, microscopes, hardness testers, and image analysis equipment. LEICO INDUSTRIES INC 107 Stuyvesant Ave Flr 2 Lyndhurst NJ 07071 http://www.leicoind.com/index.html leico@leicoind.com +1 212-765-5290 Fax: +1 212-582-5085 Established 1966. Supplies alumina solid rod, tubing, and double and four-bore insulators; calcia-stabilized, yttriastabilized, and magnesia-stabilized zirconia; beryllium and thorium oxides in various forms; and clear fused quartz tubing. LIBERTY MACHINERY CO 111 Schelter Rd Lincolnshire IL 60069 http://www.libertymachinery.com sales@libertymachinery.com +1 847-276-2761 Fax: +1 847-276-2762 Liberty is a stocking dealer of used metalworking and fabricating equipment catering to the needs of the ceramics industry. Let us help you fulfill your machinery needs and turn your surplus equipment into liquid capital. LIGNOTECH USA 100 Grand Ave Rothschild WI 54474 http://www.lignotech.com lignotech@borregaard.com +1 715-359-6544 Fax: +1 715-355-3674 Produces lignosulfonate-derived organic binders, densifiers, and dispersants for use in manufacturing refractories, structural clay products, whitewares, technical, and other ceramics. Worldwide manufacturing, sales, and technical support. LINSEIS INC 109 North Gold Dr Robbinsville NJ 08691 http://www.linseis.com info@linseis.com +1 609-223-2070 Fax: +1 609-223-2074 Manufactures thermal analysis instruments (DSC, TMA, DTA, TG, STA), dilatometers, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity systems. LITHOZ GMBH 165 Jordan Rd Troy NY 12180 http://www.lithoz.com/en sallan@lithoz-america.com +1 518-224-3490 Lithoz is the system provider for additive manufacturing (3D-printing) of ceramics. As a technology provider, Lithoz covers the whole process chain, from the development of the machine and the material up to the application. Lithoz, based in Vienna, Austria, developed the LCM-technology, which is a slurry-based additive manufacturing-technology based on photopolymerisation with a very high resolution and very good reproducibility. It allows the production of very delicate structures and fine details directly from the CAD-data. Most sinterable powders can be processed by the LCM-technology. Additive manufacturing provides a new design freedom and allows geometries with nearly no limit. LIXIL CORPORATION 3-77 Minatocyo Tokoname Aichi 479-8588 Japan http://global.lixil.co.jp global-site@lixil.co.jp Established in 1924. Manufactures all types of tile, bathroom fittings and fixtures, sanitaryware, plastic bathtubs, prefabricated bathrooms, and vanity cabinets. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org LUBRIZOL PERFORMANCE COATING 9911 Brecksville Road Brecksville, Ohio 44141 https://www.lubrizol.com/Coatings PCGCustomerSupport@Lubrizol.com Lubrizol Performance Coatings is one of the leading supplier of polymeric dispersants and rheology control additives for the coating and ink industry. We\'re now using the experience gained in dispersing inorganic particles in solvents, water, plastics and UV monomers to develop unique solutions for application in the Advanced Ceramics and Electronic markets. With an extensive range of hyperdispersants and dedicated brands like Solsperse TM AC, our technical team would be glad to support you in the development of consistent slurry formulations. LUCIDEON Queens Rd Penkhull Stoke-on-Trent Staffordshire ST4 7LQ UK http://www.lucideon.com enquiries@lucideon.com +44 1782-764428 Fax: +44 1782-412331 Lucideon, formerly Ceram, is a leading international provider of materials development, testing, and assurance. LUCIFER FURNACES INC 2048 Bunnell Rd Warrington PA 18976 http://www.luciferfurnaces.com info@luciferfurnaces.com +1 215-343-0411 Manufacturer of industrial heat-processing furnaces, ovens, and kilns available in batch or continuous models with operation up to 1,700°C. Economical, energy-efficient models with protective atmospheres available. LUXFER MEL TECHNOLOGIES 500 Barbertown Pt Breeze Rd Flemington NJ 08822 http://www.luxfermeltechnologies.com Pat.jones@luxfer.com +1 908-782-1669 Luxfer MEL Technologies is a leading developer and producer of highly engineered zirconium materials, including monoclinic and stabilized zirconias for technical ceramics, electronic ceramics, wear parts, fuel cells, and sensors. Manufactured in U.K. M&M CLAYS INC 159 RailRd St PO Box 119 McIntyre GA 31054 mmclays@alltell.net +1 478-946-5533 Fax: +1 478-946-3528 Mine and process coarse- and medium-particle-sized airfloat and slurry kaolin clay used in ceramics, rubber, adhesives, and chemicals. Mine and plant in McIntyre, Georgia. MACHINED CERAMICS INC 629 N Graham St Bowling Green KY 42101 http://machinedceramics.com sales@machinedceramics.com +1 270-781-0512 Fax: +1 270-781-9361 Custom precision machining and prototype and production runs. Developmental engineering services available. MAGNECO METREL INC 223 W Interstate Rd Addison IL 60101 http://www.magneco-metrel.com marketing@magneco-metrel.com +1 800-323-2511 Fax: +1 630-543-1479 A specialty refractory manufacturer supplying products and services for the smallest ceramic shapes to linings for the world\'s largest blast furnace. Product lines include colloidal silica sol-gel-bonded castables, pumpables, and shotcretes. MARYLAND CERAMIC & STEATITE CO INC PO Box 527 Bel Air MD 21014 http://marylandceramic.com madlava@erols.com +1 410-838-4114 Fax: +1 410-457-4333 Established 1926. Produces industrial and technical ceramics. A large extrusion and dry-pretty business. Product line includes steatite, cordierite, lava, plastics, and tape casting. 125 Maryland Refractories Co Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member MARYLAND REFRACTORIES CO Salisbury Rd Irondale OH 43932 http://mrcgrog.com ccarlson@mrcgrog.com +1 800-228-4672 Fax: +1 330-532-3224 Established 1926. Produces industrial and technical ceramics. A large extrusion and dry-pretty business. Product line includes steatite, cordierite, lava, plastics, and tape casting. MASON COLOR WORKS INC 250 E 2nd St +1 330-385-4400 Fax: +1 330-385-4488 PO Box 76 East Liverpool OH 43920 http://masoncolor.com Established 1942. Manufactures high-quality ceramic colors. Services dinnerware, tile, sanitaryware, and artware industries with colorants for body, glaze, underglaze, engobe, and overglaze uses. Full lab services, including free plantexperienced technicians. MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECHNOLOGY +1 617-253-6889 77 Massachusetts Ave Fax: +1 617-258-6275 Rm 13-4037 Cambridge MA 02139 http://www.mit.edu admissions@mit.edu Offers undergraduate curriculum in materials science and engineering that covers ceramics, metals, electronic materials, biomaterials engineering, materials science, archaeological materials, and polymers. MASTER BOND INC 154 Hobart St +1 201-343-8983 Fax: +1 201-343-2132 Hackensack NJ 07601 http://masterbond.com mail@masterbond.com Manufactures adhesives, sealants, epoxies, and conductive coatings. MATERIALS RESEARCH FURNACES INC +1 603-485-2394 65 Pinewood Rd Allenstown NH 03275 http://www.mrf-furnaces.com mrf@interserv.com Fax: +1 603-485-2395 Manufactures high-temperature, vacuum, and controlledatmosphere furnaces. Specializes in custom-designed furnaces for the R&D community. Expertise includes lab and batch furnaces, hot presses, physical testing, and sintering furnaces. MATERION 6100 S Tucson Blvd Tucson AZ 85706 http://materion.com/ceramics ceramics@materion.com +1 216-383-6800 Leading supplier of beryllium oxide (beryllia) and aluminum oxide (alumina). BeO has the highest thermal conductivity of any non-metal other than diamond. BeO ceramics are critical components in automotive electronics, power electronics, defense, lasers, and many other applications. High purity alumina is offered in custom shapes and sizes to your print small quantities OK. MATERION ADVANCED MATERIALS 2978 Main St Buffalo NY 14214 +1 800-327-1355 http://www.materion.com/advancedmaterials advancedmaterials@materion.com Materion Advanced Materials Group is a global supplier of over 2,000+ inorganic chemicals manufactured to meet exact specifications. Among the company\'s offerings are: borides, carbides, fluorides, hydrides, nitrides, oxides, phosphides, selenides, silicides, sulfides, tellurides, plus customized compounds. Inorganic chemicals are available in a range of forms, from granules to pellets to powders, and can be produced in small R&D quantities to full production lots. MATMATCH Leopoldstr 250A Munich 80807 Germany https://matmatch.com info@matmatch.com +49 89-262075200 Matmatch is an online platform that helps engineers and product developers find, evaluate and source materials. 126 With a free of charge database of thousands of materials, an intuitive search tool, and supplier listings, it changes the way product teams find materials for their projects. For material suppliers, we offer a new way to reach customers online. As a go-to source of information for engineers, Matmatch is the perfect platform for suppliers to raise awareness of their products and brand. We offer insights, analytics and opportunities for material suppliers to promote their expertise. MCDANEL ADVANCED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGIES LLC 510 Ninth Ave Beaver Falls PA 15010 http://mcdanelceramics.com sales@mcdanelceramics.com +1 724-843-8300 Fax: +1 724-843-5644 Manufactures industrial and technical ceramics from alumina, mullite, zirconia, fused silica, and SIAION. Specializes in developing custom prototypes to full-scale production of ceramic components. MEGGITT PIEZO TECHNOLOGIES 8431 Georgetown Rd Ste 300 Indianapolis IN 46268 http://www.piezotechnologies.com jane.haynie@meggitt.com +1 317-876-4670 Fax: +1 317-876-4681 Piezo Technologies, a Meggitt PLC group, specializes in manufacturing specialized piezoceramic formulations and integrated ultrasonic systems, enabling hundreds of products requiring precision measurements and acoustic events. MEMPRO MATERIALS CORP http://mempro.com sales@mempro.com +1 888-868-9222 MemPro manufactures ceramic nanofibers, polymeric nanofibers, and catalyst products. It continually works with customers to develop and supply new materials for innovative technologies. MemPro produces the highest quality materials backed by unrivaled knowhow. MERKLE INTERNATIONAL INC 9567 US Rte 20 W PO Box 312 Galena NJ 07071 http://merkleintl.com sales@merkleintl.com +1 815-777-2100 Fax: +1 815-777-2106 Designs and supplies custom suspended refractory systems for glass melting, copper, aluminum, steel pelletizing, and reheat furnaces and incinerators. Manufactures blanket batch charger for glass-melting furnaces. METTLER-TOLEDO INC 1900 Polaris Pkwy Columbus OH 43240 http://www.mt.com labinsidesales@mt.com +1 800-638-8537 Fax: +1 614-438-4900 Offers a complete range of products to complement laboratory needs. Laboratory products include balances, titrators, pH meters, density meters, refractometers, moisture analyzers, and thermal analysis equipment. MICROMERITICS INSTRUMENT CORP 4356 Communications Dr Norcross GA 30093 http://www.micromeritics.com ussales@micromeritics.com +1 770-662-3636 Fax: +1 770-662-3696 Micromeritics materials characterization analytical instruments and contract services determine surface area, porosity, particle size, particle shape, zeta potential, material density, catalytic activity, vapor sorption, powder strength, and more. MICRON INC 3815 Lancaster Pike Wilmington DE 19805 http://micronanalytical.com micronanalytical@compuserve.com +1 302-998-1184 Fax: +1 302-998-1836 For over 50 years, Micron specializes in fourier transform infared testing (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), optical microscopy, electron spectroscopy chemical analysis (ESCA), auger electron microscopy (AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (DSC,TGA), and metallography. MICROTRAC INC 215 Keystone Dr Montgomeryville PA 18936 http://microtrac.com jay_s@microtrac.com +1 727-507-9770 Fax: +1 727-507-9774 Supplies advanced laser-based particle-size systems. Measuring particle size from 0.0008 nanometers to 3,000 microns. MIDWESTERN INDUSTRIES INC 915 Oberlin Rd SW PO Box 810 Massillon OH 44648 http://midwesternind.com info@midwesternind.com +1 330-837-4203 Fax: +1 330-837-4210 Manufactures a complete line of durable screening products, including round and rectangular screening equipment, custom wire cloth, screens and panels, as well as replacement parts and motors. Offers free full-scale test facility. MILESTONE DECAL ART LLC 1872 Pleasantville Rd +1 914-908-2733 Fax: +1 914-908-2734 Ste No 113 Briarcliff Manor NY 10510 http://www.milestonedecalart.com info@MilestoneDecalArt.com We are committed to providing the highest quality glass fusing and ceramic decals available. We provide silkscreen waterslide decals as well as digital decals. Our custom decal printing service provides all available decal options on the market. MINERAL RESEARCH PROCESSING +33 6-82-99-29-72 7 Rue Francis Garnier Meyzieu Fax: +33 4-78-31-11-78 Rhone-Alpes 69330 France http://www.mineralresearch processing.com francoissorrentino@sfr.fr Research and development of synthetic minerals with controlled chemistry and mineralogy in the field of silicates, aluminates, phosphates, titanates. Synthetic minerals are devoted to labs in ceramic research. MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 400 N Bishop 223 McNutt Hall Rolla MO 65409 http://mse.mst.edu matlsci@mst.edu +1 573-341-4711 Fax: +1 573-341-6934 Offers BS, MS, and PhD in ceramic engineering as well as MS and PhD in materials engineering. Undergraduate curriculum emphasizes application of scientific principles to solve engineering problems and includes extensive hands-on experience. MITSUBISHI MATERIALS U.S.A. MITSUBISHI MATERIALS CORPORATION End Mills Development Center R&D Division Japan https://www.mmc.co.jp MIXER SYSTEMS INC 190 Simmons Ave PO Box 10 Pewaukee WI 53072 http://www.mixersytems.com daveb@mixersystems.com +8178-936-15 +1 262-691-3100 Fax: +1 262-691-3184 Mixer Systems designs and manufactures four different high & low shear mechanical batch mixers for the ceramic and glass industry. Turbin, planetary, twin shaft, and single shaft mixers give quick, homogeneous blending for wet or dry mixing. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Netzsch Instruments NA LLC MODERN TIMES LEGAL 1 Broadway 14th Flr Cambridge MA 02142 http://mxlegal.com contact@mxlegal.com +1 617-401-2460 Fax: +1 617-401-3687 MORGAN TECHNICAL CERAMICS AUBURN Law firm specializing in the drafting and prosecution of patent applications, particularly relating to ceramics, in the United States and internationally. Patent attorney Bob Sayre is a member-at-large of the New England Section of ACerS. CORPORATION MOHR CORP 7996 W Grand River Ave Brighton MI 48114 +1 810-225-9494 Fax: +1 810-225-4634 http://www.mohrcorp.com service@mohrcorp.com Machinery resellers, from one machine to entire factories, manufacturing advanced hi-tech products, including whitewares and abrasives. Mohr sales are global, with 50+ years experience helping buyers and sellers enhance their ceramic manufacturing operations. Call Mohr today. MOISTTECH CORP 6408 Parkland Dr Ste No 104 Sarasota FL 34243 http://www.moisttech.com info@moisttech.com +1 941-229-8096 Fax: +1 941-727-1810 MoistTech is a world leader in NIR moisture measurement technology for instant on-line, off-line, and laboratory moisture instrumentation. MoistTech near infrared (NIR) gauges and sensors provide the most accurate and repeatable measurements for manufacturing and quality control processes. Insensitive to material variations, such as particle size, material height, and color, MoistTech moisture sensors provide continuous, reliable readings. Sensors are one-time calibration, maintenance free, and have a nondrift optical design, allowing operating personnel to confidently make immediate process adjustments based on real-time measurements. MOMENTIVE PERFORMANCE MATERIALS INC 260 Hudson River Rd Waterford NY 12188 https://www.momentive.com commercial.services@momentive.com +1 800-295-2392 Fax: +1 614-986-2496 Provide high-purity quartz and advanced ceramic materials for the semiconductor, telecommunications, lighting, electronics, personal care, water purification, and other industries. Ceramic products include boron nitride powder coatings/sprays and hot-pressed BN. MONOFRAX LLC 1870 New York Ave Falconer NY 14733 http://monofrax.com info@monofrax.com +1 716-483-7200 Fax: +1 716-665-2478 For over 70 years, Monofrax manufactured fused cast refractories for use in the glass, light metal, steel and chemical industries. Our recently expanded product line includes 12 fused cast refractory compositions, five fused grain compositions, and a new refractory machining service. MORGAN ADVANCED MATERIALS 2425 Whipple Rd Hayward CA 94544 http://morgantechnicalceramics.com +1 510-491-1100 Fax: +1 510-491-1287 Design and manufacture products for demanding applications in a variety of markets using a comprehensive range of advanced ceramic, glass, precious metal, piezoelectric, and dielectric materials. 13079 Earhart Ave Auburn CA 95602 +1 530-823-3401 Fax: +1 530-823-3410 https://www.morgantechnicalceramics.com Morgan Technical Ceramics Auburn is a world leader in highpurity alumina and custom-made, high-precision ceramic components for a variety of applications and industries, such as medical, analytical, power generation, and aerospace. MORGAN THERMAL CERAMICS 2102 Old Savannah Rd Augusta GA 30906 http://morganthermalceramics.com wendy.evans@thermalceramics.com +1 706-896-4200 Morgan Thermal Ceramics designs, manufactures, and installs a broad range of thermal insulation products that significantly reduce energy consumption and emissions in a variety of high temperature processing applications. MO-SCI CORP 4040 Hypoint Blvd Rolla MO 65401 http://mo-sci.com kgrayson@mo-sci.com mo.sci CORPORATION +1 314-364-2338 Fax: +1 573-364-9589 Manufactures microspheres ranging from submicrometer to larger than 150 micrometer in diameter in bioactive and custom glass compositions. Medical-grade glass production. R&D services include development of new glass compositions. MSE SUPPLIES LLC 4400 E Broadway Blvd Ste 600 Tucson AZ 85711 http://www.msesupplies.com info@msesupplies.com +1 520-789-6673 MSE Supplies (msesupplies.com) is a U.S.-based leading supplier of high quality materials and equipment for advanced materials research and production. We provide both standard and custom-made products to meet the specific requirements from our customers. With a global customer base of research universities, national labs, as well as Fortune 500 companies and technology start-ups, we support scientists and engineers to accelerate their innovations in materials research. MULTI LAB Unit 1 Westway Industrial Park Throckley UK https://www.multi-lab.co.uk multilab45@gmail.com +44 191-264-6801 Multi lab is a globally renowned, trusted supplier and fabricator of quartz glass and high purity technical ceramics at competitive prices and with a level of customer service. Contact us for more information about our services. MURATA MANUFACTURING CO LTD Materials & Technology Center 2288 Oshinohara Yasu-shi Shiga 520-2393 Japan https://www.murata.com yuriko.tobita@murata.com +81 77-586-8191 Established 1944. Manufactures integrated electronic components. Main products include MLCC, piezoelectric components, microwave devices, and module products. Conducts R&D in a broad spectrum of functional ceramics and their potential applications. NABALTEC AG Alustrasse 50-52 Schwandorf 92421 Germany http://nabaltec.de info@nabaltec.de +49 9431-530 Fax: +49 9431-61557 Produces a wide range of calcined aluminas modified for special applications in the ceramics and refractory industries. Also produces sintered mullite, a synthetic raw material with thermal shock-resistance. NABERTHERM INC 54 Reads Way New Castle DE 19720 http://nabertherm.com contact@nabertherm-usa.com +1 302-322-3665 Fax: +1 302-322-3215 Offers a broad range of industrial kilns and furnaces for ceramics, glass, and metals up to 4,500°F (2,500°C), ranging from oxidation atmosphere to high-vacuum or protectivegas atmospheres. Catalytic exhaust systems to meet EPA requirements available. NANOCEROX 712 State Circle Ann Arbor UT 48108 http://nanocerox.com info@nanocerox.com +1 734-741-9522 Fax: +1 734-741-9533 Leading nanotechnology company producing nanopowders and optical ceramics for a wide variety of markets. NANOE 6 rue des Frênes Ballainvilliers 91160 France http://www.nanoe.fr g.decalan@nanoe.com +33 9-81-98-33-64 Fax: +33 9-81-70-75-52 Nanoe\'s mission is to bring the full potential of nanotechnlogy to advanced ceramics manufacturers. That is why it works hard to offer ready-to-sinter nanopowders on an industrial scale at competitive prices. NANOFILM 10111 Sweet Valley Dr Valley View OH 44125 http://www.nanofilmtechnology.com info@nanofilmtechnology.com +1 216-447-1199 Fax: +1 216-447-1137 Nanofilm UltraSEAL coatings for glass and ceramic provide a water- and grease-repellent surface with higher abrasion resistance than untreated surfaces. Treated surface is easier to clean. They are easy to apply and cure quickly at room temperature. NANOSCIENCE INSTRUMENTS 10008 S 51st St Ste 110 Phoenix AZ 85044 http://www.nanoscience.com info@nanoscience.com +1 480-758-5400 Fax: +1 480-758-5401 Nanoscience Instruments sells and supports laboratory instrumentation for microscopy and surface science applications. Its team of scientists and engineers have backgrounds in chemistry, biochemistry, material science, physics, and engineering. Its portfolio includes desktop electron microscopes, atomic force microscopes, optical profilers, michromechanical testing systems, nanoindenters, and correlative microscopy systems. NEOPTIX 1415 Boul Charest Ouest Ste 220 Quebec G1N 4N7 Canada http://neoptix.com info@neoptix.com +1 418-687-2500 Fax: +1 418-687-2524 Designs and manufactures fiber-optic temperature sensors for temperature monitoring under microwaves and rf. Made of dielectric materials, these temperature sensors are immune to radiation and other interferences. NETZSCH Proven Excellence. NETZSCH INSTRUMENTS NA LLC 129 Middlesex Turnpike Burlington MA 01803 +1 781-272-5353 Fax: +1 781-272-5225 http://www.netzsch-thermal-analysis.com NIB_sales@netzsch.com Thermal analysis and thermal properties measurement instruments, plus contract testing services; DSC; DTA; DSCTGA; DTA?TGA; coupling for FTIR and MS dilatometers; laser flash thermal diffusiving, thermal conductivity, and more. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org 127 Netzsch Premier Technologies LLC Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member NETZSCH PREMIER TECHNOLOGIES LLC 125 Pickering Way Exton PA 19341 http://www.netzsch-grinding.com info.npt@netzsch.com +1 800-676-6455 Fax: +1 610-280-1299 NORCROSS VISCOSITY CONTROLS 12427 31 Mile Rd +1 586-336-0700 NOVOMER INC One Bowdoin Square Ste 300 Boston MA 02114 Provides proven nanotechnology solutions for a broad range of industries. Manufactures grinding and dispersing machinery for media milling, powder processing, dispersing, de-aerating, and filling. Comprehensive global resources in engineering and R&D. NEVZ-CERAMICS CLOSE JSC 220 Krasny Prospect Novosibirsk 630049 Russia http://www.nevz.ru international@nevz.ru +7 383-225-82-75 Fax: +7 383-225-82-75 NEVZ-Ceramics is one of the leading manufacturers of technical advanced ceramics in Russia. The product range includes armor ceramics, ceramic substrates, bioceramics from alumina, steatite, forsteririte, and nitride ceramics. NEW TECH CERAMICS INC 1923 Industrial Park Rd PO Box 387 Boone IA 50036 http://www.newtechceramics.com sales@newtechceramics.com +1 515-868-0055 Fax: +1 515-864-0034 Supplier of AlMgB₁4 +. Processing service for powders, thin films, thick films, and sintered solids. All materials have extreme high hardness and low coefficient of friction that are thermally insulating and electrically conductive. NEXCERIS LLC 404 Enterprise Dr Lewis Center OH 43035 http://nexceris.com info@nexceris.com +1 614-842-6606 Nexceris LLC provides product and process solutions to the energy and environmental markets, including materials, catalysts, sensors, and solid oxide fuel cells. NGIMAT LLC 2436 Over Dr Ste B Lexington KY 40511 http://www.ngimatllc.com gvenugopal@ngimat.com +1 859-259-3637 Fax: +1 855-705-7295 nGimat brings together innovative materials science, talented and motivated employees, and strategic collaborators and customers to develop cost-effective and profitable nanopowder and thin-film materials to address critical problems faced by the world. NGK SPARK PLUG CO LTD 2808 Iwasaki Komaki Aichi 485-8510 Japan https://www.ngkntk.co.jp info@mg.ngkntk.co.jp +81 568-76-5953 Fax: +81 568-76-1295 Manufactures and sells spark plugs and related products for internal-combustion engines. Also manufactures advanced ceramics and applicable products. NIOKEM INC 237 Handsome Dr Waynesville NC 28785 http://www.niokem.com stephen.cox@niokem.com +1 828-926-0199 Niokem is a chemical and mineral distribution company located in western North Carolina. Established in 2011, its range of products and services are expanding to meet customer needs. NOL-TEC SYSTEMS INC 425 Apollo Dr Lino Lakes MN 55014 http://nol-tec.com +1 651-780-8600 sales@nol-tec.com Worldwide single-source supplier of high-quality, customengineered pneumatic conveying, bulk material handling, and integrated process control systems. Expertise includes dense- and dilute-phase (pressure or vacuum) pneumatic conveying and weighing. 128 Washington MI 48095 http://viscosity.com sales@viscosity.com Manufactures process viscosity control equipment and viscosity monitors for use on ceramic slurries and other suspensions. NORECS AS Oslo Science Park Gaustadalleen 21 Oslo 349 Norway http://norecs.com post@norecs.com Manufactures high-temperature sample holder system for electrical and other characterization at high temperatures used in SOFC research and testing of ceramic membranes. NORTH AMERICAN HÖGANÄS 101 Bridge St Johnstown PA 15902 http://www.hoganas.com/ceramics usa@hoganas.com +1 814-479-3500 Fax: +1 814-479-2003 North American Höganäs is the sales and distribution arm in North America for Höganäs Germany GmbH (formerly H.C. Starck Surface Technology and Ceramic Powders), a renowned manufacturer of high-quality ceramic powders for a diverse range of applications. We offer one of the most extensive material portfolios in non-oxide ceramic powders, specializing in boron, boride, carbide and nitride powders. Our high-quality products are utilized in applications such as clean energy technologies, technical ceramics, thermal management, and pyrotechnics. Our business is defined by our customer focus and customer partnerships, which have made us one of the most successful ceramic powder manufacturers worldwide. Our experts continuously provide customers with technical support as well as with a wealth of material knowledge. In addition to our vast portfolio of standard grades, we also engineer ceramic and metal powders on a customer-specific basis, aligning various factors such as chemical composition, particle size distribution and morphology to meet our customers\' exact requirements. Our extensive portfolio includes the following material groups: Boron (amorphous and crystalline); Borides, such as Crb/ CrB2, TiB₂, ZrB2 and LaB6; Carbides, such as BC, SiC, TiC and ZrC; Nitrides, such as Si̟N, AIN, BN, TiN; Oxides, Silicon & Silicides; Specialty carbides, such as Cr₂C₂, VC, Mo₂C and WTIC, for the hard metal industry. Höganäs also offers a wide range of AMPERGY cathode and anode powders and pastes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and other advanced energy applications, like solid oxide electrolyze cells (SOECs) NORTH STAR EQUIPMENT INC 1341 W First St Cheney WA 99004 http://www.northstarequipment.com info@northstarequipment.com +1 800-231-7896 Fax: +1 509-235-9203 American manufacturer of slab rollers, extruders, ware trucks, drying/damp cabinets, studio work tables, and throwing bats. North Star makes custom dies for any brand extruder or pugmill, any die material, and any shape or size. Custom dies are inexpensive and generally ship in 7-10 days. NOVABONE PRODUCTS LLC 1551 Atlantic Blvd Ste 105 Jacksonville FL 32207 http://www.novabone.com information@novabone.com +1 904-807-0140 Fax: +1 904-807-0141 Focused on developing bone grafting materials based on advancements in biomedical engineering to meet surgeons\' needs; products are used in over a million patients with success demonstrating the safety and efficiency of our patented technology. http://novomer.com info@novomer.com +1 781-419-9860 Fax: +1 781-672-2525 Novomer is a materials company pioneering a family of competitively priced high-performance green plastics, polymers, and other chemicals. NSL ANALYTICAL SERVICES INC 4450 Cranwood Pkwy Cleveland OH 44128 http://www.nslanalytical.com nsl@nslanalytical.com +1 216-438-5200 Fax: +1 216-438-5050 Commercial testing lab specializing in elemental chemistry, metallurgy, and polymer analysis. Certifications include ISO/ IEC 17025 and NADCAP. Techniques include trace elemental analysis using ICP/MS and dc arc, classical wet chemistry, and ICP-OES. NUTEC BICKLEY +1 855-299-9566 Carr Saltillo-Monterrey Km 625 No 100 s/b Ciudad Santa Catarina NL 66359 Mexico http://www.nutecbickley.com sales@nutec.com Nutec Bickley designs and manufactures kilns to fire ceramics attending the following industries: sanitaryware, technical ceramics, electroporcelain insulators, refractories, heavy clay, and special applications. The company\'s kilns are designed in temperature ranges of 90–1,760°C (1953,200°F). Our highly-qualified engineers serve clients through the design, building and installation of combustion systems, thermal insulation and complete industrial furnaces and kilns. - Industrial kilns and furnaces with the best performance for firing refractories, technical ceramics, sanitaryware, electrical insulators, clay pipe and abrasives. - Industrial Furnaces with the best technology in insulation systems, combustion equipment, instrumentation & controls, and heat recovery systems. - The best solutions to improve process efficiency, safety standards and to reduce the levels of fuel consumption and emissions. NYACOL NANO TECHNOLOGIES INC 211 Megunko Rd PO Box 349 Ashland MA 01721 http://www.nyacol.com info@nyacol.com +1 800-468-7657 Fax: +1 508-881-1855 Nyacol produces a wide variety of inorganic fine particles specializing in sub-200 nm metal oxides, including silica, alumina, antimony pentoxide, tin oxide, antimony tin oxide, ceria, titania, yttria, zirconia, zinc oxide, and barium titanate for use in structural, refractory, and electrical ceramics. OBJECT RESEARCH SYSTEMS INC 760 rue St-Paul West Ste 101 Montreal H3C 1M4 Canada http://www.theobjects.com info@theobjects.com +1 514-843-3861 Fax: +1 514-543-5475 Designed for researchers and engineers in the fields of material and life sciences, geology, nanotechnology, and the environment, Dragonfly provides qualitative and quantitative data for material characterization, surface analysis, process evaluation, quality control testing, or any analysis function that requires a high-degree of accuracy. Already distributed with the high-end imaging products of renowned manufacturers such as Carl Zeiss Microscopy and TESCAN, Dragonfly\'s software architecture allows for extensible workflows and sophisticated 3D visualizations and robust analyses. OCEAN OPTICS INC 8060 Bryan Dairy Rd Largo FL 33777 http://oceanoptics.com info@oceanoptics.com +1 727-733-2447 Fax: +1 727-733-3962 Manufactures spectral instrumentation, precision optics, and optical components for online and lab UV-VIS-NIR applications. Optical-sensing systems also can be configured for testing a variety of ceramic materials, components, and coatings. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Petro Mold Company O\'KEEFE CERAMICS INC 845 Research Dr Woodland Park CO 80863 http://www.okeefeceramics.com info@okeefeceramics.com +1 719-687-0888 Fax: +1 719-687-0889 Precision Ceramic Machining since 1984. For over 30 years, O\'Keefe Ceramics has served the aerospace, medical, energy, and semiconductor industries with high quality precision ceramic components. At O\'Keefe Ceramics our mission is to continue to provide industries with a premier world class supplier of Precision Ceramic parts, with uncompromised quality, service, and value. OLD HICKORY CLAY CO 962 State Route 1241 Hickory KY 42051 http://oldhickoryclay.com info@oldhickoryclay.com +1 270-247-3042 Fax: +1 270-247-1842 Established 1918. Specializes in ball clays for dinnerware, refractories, sanitaryware, tile, porcelain, glazes, and other ceramics manufacturing. Clay products available in airfloated, shredded, mechanically dried, and slurry forms. OPF ENTERPRISES 5750 N Sam Houston Pkwy E Ste 109 Houston TX 77032 http://www.ontheplantfloor.com info@ontheplantfloor.com +1 406-493-1102 Worldwide consulting and management services specializing in ceramic raw materials, processing, and plant design. Physical and analytical testing of materials in our Houston laboratories. OPF stands for \"On the Plant Floor\" for our experience and approach to problem solving. Current clients range from individual start-ups to multinational corporations. Also provide custom marketing solutions and investigations for multiple markets. OPF also represents Eirich Machines in Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, and Oklahoma. OPTIMATION - KLUG SYSTEMS 50 High Tech Dr Rochester NY 14543 https://www.optimation.us contact.us@optimation.us +1 585-321-2300 The name \"Klug\" has been synonymous world wide with material handling and batch systems for glass plants. The acquisition by Optimation Technology has added to the experience and technical skills offered by Klug. Optimation and Klug combine to deliver engineering and controls for all areas of the glass plant. Weather it\'s an entirely new batch house or just replacing a cullet system, Klug has the experience and skills needed to support your plant. We, the Optimation & Klug team, look forward to serving you even better than before. OPTIPRO OPTIPRO SYSTEMS LLC 6368 Dean Pkwy Ontario NY 14519 https://www.optipro.com sales@optipro.com +1 585-265-0160 Fax: +1 585-265-9416 OptiPro Systems is a world leader in designing and manufacturing advanced equipment for ceramics machining and optical fabrication. OptiPro is dedicated to helping customers prosper through innovative manufacturing solutions, including CNC ultrasonic machining centers as well as CNC optical grinding and polishing machines. In addition, it provides state-of-the art contact and noncontact metrology systems. OPTOCON AG Washingtonstrasse 16/16a +49 351-8435990 Fax: +49 351-8435991 Dresden Saxony D-01139 Germany http://www.optocon.de/en/company info@optocon.de We are the specialist for your fiber optic temperature measurement needs, including fiber optic thermometers and fiber optic temperature sensors. ORTECH INC 6720 Folsom Blvd Ste 100 Sacramento CA 95819 http://www.ortechceramics.com info@ortechceramics.com +1 916-549-9696 Fax: +1 916-404-7788 Ortech Inc is a worldwide leader in the development and production of advanced technical ceramics. The company provides a wide selection of technical and advanced ceramics, including alumina oxide, zirconia oxide, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride, which improves and extends the performance of products, processes, or systems. Whether customers need high-temperature stability, hard and wear-resistant surfaces, improved stiffness to weight radiations, anticorrosive barriers, or low thermal expansion rates, Ortech can deliver. The company offers significant performance and cost advantages to meet customer needs. Search Ortech\'s selection of technical ceramics, including its technical ceramics materials and advanced ceramics standard products. OSRAM SYLVANIA INC 200 Ballardvale St Wilmington MA 01887 https://www.osram.us/cb john.kelso@sylvania.com +1 978-570-3000 Fax: +1 978-750-2152 Research, development, and manufacturing of advanced ceramics for lighting applications. OUTOTEC RESEARCH OY Kuparitie 10 PO Box 69 Pori Satakunta Finland http://outotec.com/hsc hsc@outotec.com +358 20-529211 Fax: +358 20-5293203 Provides plants, equipment, and services based mainly on its proprietary technologies. In-house-developed HSC chemistry software simulates chemical reactions and processes on a thermochemical basis. OWENS-ILLINOIS INC 1 Michael Owens Way Perrysburg OH 43551 http://www.o-i.com +1 567-336-5000 Produces glass and plastic packaging systems for the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries for commercial and retail use. Consulting/purchasing agreements available for technical assistance to noncompetitive glass producers and users. OXY-GON INDUSTRIES, INC. OXY-GON INDUSTRIES INC 42 Old Rte 28 PO Box 40 Epsom NH 03234 http://oxy-gon.com Sales@oxy-gon.com +1 603-736-8422 Fax: +1 603-736-8734 Manufacturer of high-temperature vacuum/controlledatmosphere furnaces for laboratory and production applications as well as nitrogen and inert-gas gettering/ purifying furnaces, hot presses, mechanical testing furnaces, and fiber-draw furnaces. PACIFIC CERAMICS INC 824 San Aleso Ave Sunnyvale CA 94085 http://pceramics.com info@pceramics.com +1 408-747-4600 Fax: +1 408-745-6162 Manufacturer of advanced microwave ceramic materials. Our products include rare-earth iron garnets, calcium vanadium garnets, lithium and magnesium ferrites, and titanate dielectrics. PACIFIC REFRACTORIES LTD Door No C 16-3 Pawana Villege T.T.C.M.I.D.C. Industrial Area Navi Mumbai 400705 India http://www.pacificrefractories.com +91 22-2761-2056 Pacific Refractories Ltd is an ISO 9001 QMS company and a leading manufacturer of quality refractories to BIS/ASTM standards. The company caters to a wide range of industries, American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org including steel, cement, chemicals and petrochemicals, fertilizers, zinc, copper, alumina, power projects and glass, and other critical applications against stringent specifications. PARAGON INDUSTRIES LP 2011 S Town East Blvd Mesquite TX 75149 http://www.paragonweb.com info@paragonweb.com +1 800-876-4328 Fax: +1 972-222-0646 Paragon manufactures electric glass and ceramic hobby and studio kilns, lab furnaces, dental furnaces, and asphalttesting furnaces. Digital and manual kilns, customized and standard. Exports worldwide. Paragon kilns and furnaces are made in the U.S. PARTICLE TECHNOLOGY LABS 555 Rogers St Downers Grove IL 60515 http://www.particletechlabs.com sales@particletechlabs.com +1 630-403-0127 Premier service laboratory, dedicated to particle size and characterization. Using over 20 different technologies, PTL holds significant capacity to measure particle size, concentration, and shape, as well as surface area, porosity, zeta potential, and more. PAULO. ABBE PAUL O ABBE 735 E Green St Bensenville IL 60106 https://www.pauloabbe.com +1 630-258-4720 We at Paul O. Abbe are very proud of our 100+ year heritage in the process equipment industry. Known for reliable design and rugged construction for generations, we strive to be responsive to our customers\' needs and requirements at all times. Whether drying, blending, mixing or grinding, we understand your business. Moreover, we insist on adherence to the highest standards in engineering design, manufacturing quality and customer service. We are in the business of providing Engineered Solutions tailored to your process requirements. We will help you identify critical issues in your application and work with you to select the right combination of standard and customized features to meet your needs. PENN TOOL CO 1776 Springfield Ave Maplewood Maplewood NJ 07040 http://www.penntoolco.com info@penntoolco.com +1 800-526-4956 Fax: +1 973-761-1494 Penn Tool Co specializes in providing top quality industrial machine tools and accessories for sale. Choose from a wide selection of products from our online catalog, today! Shop our extensive selection to find products that suit your needs at the best prices! Get what you need faster with our easy-touse, one-step checkout process. Fast shipping, guaranteed best price, huge online selection. GSA contract holder. PETER PUGGER MFG INC 3661 Christy Ln Ukiah CA 95482 http://peterpugger.com info@peterpugger.com +1 707-463-1333 Fax: +1 707-462-5578 Manufactures clay-processing and tile-cutting/forming equipment. Machines batch mix with pugmill output. Mix, recycle, de-air and pug in a single machine with variable speed. For studios, product development, lab, and test applications. PETRO MOLD COMPANY 12775 Donation Rd Waterford PA 16441 https://www.petromolds.com petro@velocity.net +1 814-796-6635 Fax: +1 814-796-6635 We offer custom mold-making and mold production services to all facets of the ceramics industry. Services include original sculpting, master mold design, and production mold manufacturing. We now offer architectural detail molds and ceramic bisque runs from molds we design for you. 129 PicoParts Ltd Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member PICOPARTS LTD PO Box 419 Gesher Haziv 22815 Israel http://www.picoparts.com sales@picoparts.com +972 4-995-8638 Fax: +972 4-995-8637 Manufacturer of small precision products from ceramics (alumina/zirconia) and tungsten carbide. Custom made to client design/requirements. Over 25 years experience with materials technologies and innovative thinking of our staff, which allows us to meet even the most intricate, elusive technical challenges. PIDC (PACIFIC INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION) 4788 Runway Blvd Ann Arbor MI 48108 http://pidc.com jgeyman@pidc.com PLIBRICO JAPAN CO LTD 6F Mita-NN Bldg 1-23 Shiba 4-chome Tokoyo 108-0014 Japan http://plibrico.co.jp k-hirasawa@plibrico.co.jp +81 3-3455-1359 Fax: +81 3-3455-1362 Established in 1954 under technology transfer from Plibrico USA. Manufactures monolithic refractories in factory located in Yokohama, Japan. A wholly owned subsidiary in China produces the same range of products. +1 800-382-3845 POLYMER INNOVATIONS INC 2426 Cades Way Vista CA 92081 Established in 1992 as a trading company, PIDC is focused on finding better, safer, and more cost-effective ways to manufacture specialty chemicals. It has since transformed into a global manufacturer of world-class materials with manufacturing sites in the U.S. and China, as well as offices throughout the U.S., South America, Europe, and Asia. PIDC\'s aluminas, rare earth materials, zeolites, and other customized proprietary formulated powders are used in various industries, including automotive, oil & gas, electronics, alternative energy, construction, chemical, pharmaceutical & medical, and security & authentication. For more information, visit www.pidc.com. PIEZO BY GRACO 5271 Spruce Pointe Ln Brunswick Brunswick OH 44212 http://www.piezobygraco.com JGrayGraco@aol.com +1 440-476-5285 Supplier of piezoelectric ceramic components and assemblies with ISO 9000 and other certifications- In business more than 25 years- In piezo industry more than 40 years www.PiezobyGraco.com P-KER ENGINEERING 1880 Waterport Rd PO Box 26 Waterport NY 14571 http://pkerengineering.com info@pkerengineering.com +1 716-845-6398 Fax: +1 716-845-6479 Manufacture and metallize technical ceramics: alumina, beryllia, cordierite, forsterite, steatite, and zirconia. Metallize silicon nitride, SiC, and zirconia with refractory metals. Metalceramic joining and assemblies. PLANSEE SE 115 Constitution Blvd Franklin MA 02038 http://plansee.com usa@plansee.com +1 508-553-3800 Manufactures heating elements of molybdenum, tungsten, and tantalum for use in vacuum and protective atmosphere furnaces up to 4,350°F (2,400°C). Local production and sales in Asia, Europe, and U.S. Advanced material qualities available (ML, TZM, WVM). P Plibrico PLIBRICO COMPANY 1935 Techny Rd Unit 16 Northbrook IL 60062 http://www.plibrico.com contact@plibrico.com +1 312-337-9000 Fax: +1 312-337-9003 Plibrico Company - Refractories, Engineering, Construction - a leading supplier of monolithic refractories used in the processing of aluminum, steel, cement, waste, power generation, and other demanding thermal environments. For over a century, organizations have trusted us to provide reliable refractory solutions that consistently increase efficiency, improve production uptime, and safely boost performance of thermal processing equipment. http://www.polymerinnovations.com info@polymerinnovations.com +1 760-598-0500 Fax: +1 760-727-3127 Polymer Innovations Inc is a consulting and manufacturing company focused on water-based tape casting technology and polymer solutions for the electronics and energy fields. We are a leading expert in tape casting, formulation of green tapes, and inks. PPT Pow PROCESSITY, LLC POWDER PROCESSING & TECHNOLOGY LLC 5103 Evans Ave Valparaiso IN 46383 http://www.pptechnology.com sales@pptechnology.com +1 219-462-4141 Fax: +1 219-462-0367 Developer and custom processer of inorganic chemical and ceramic powders. Production and pilot processing capability includes calcining, milling, spray drying, and sintering. Partnered with industry in electronics and advanced ceramics. PRAXAIR SPECIALTY CERAMICS +1 425-487-1769 16130 Woodinville-Redmond Rd Fax: +1 425-487-1859 Ste 7 Woodinville WA 98071 http://www.praxairsurfacetechnologies.com psti-info@praxair.com Praxair Specialty Ceramics offers a range of specialty ceramics for diverse applications, markets, and industries. The company manufactures electronic-grade ceramic oxide powders and shapes with an advanced combustion spray pyrolysis process to overcome many of the drawbacks of traditional powder processing. PRECISION CERAMICS USA 711 South Howard Ave Ste 200 Tampa FL 33606 http://www.precision-ceramics.com info@pcusinc.com +1 727-388-5060 Precision Ceramics is a specialist in designing, manufacturing, and machining custom advanced technical ceramic parts. Since 1992, Precision Ceramics is dedicated to developing the world\'s best and most advanced ceramic solutions. PRECISION FERRITES AND CERAMICS INC 5432 Production Dr Huntington Beach CA 92649 http://www.semiceramic.com sales@semiceramic.com +1 714-901-7622 Fax: +1 714-901-2008 Precision Ferrites and Ceramics (PFC) specializes in custom advanced ceramic products and services, machining the simplest to the most intricate of items, achieving smaller features and tighter tolerances than any competitors. PRED MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL INC +1 212-286-0068 60 E 42nd St Ste 4000 Fax: +1 212-286-0072 New York NY 10165 http://www.predmaterials.com steve@predmaterials.com Supplier of top quality ceramic raw materials, including 99.99% Al2O3 for making transparent ceramics and aluminum nitride powders for flexible circuits and other applications. PremaTech ADVANCED CERAMICS. PREMATECH ADVANCED CERAMICS 160 Goddard Memorial Dr Worcester MA 01603 http://www.prematechac.com info@prematechac.com +1 508-791-9549 Fax: +1 508-793-9814 PremaTech offers machining of technical ceramics and other ultrahard materials for many applications in the semiconductor, aerospace, life science, and industrial markets. We also perform in-house polishing. ISO certified and 40 years experience. PRINCE MINERALS INC (PRINCE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION) 15311 Vantage Pkwy West Ste 350 Houston TX 77032 https://www.princecorp.com info@princecorp.com +1 646-747-4200 Fax: +1 217-228-0466 Produces and markets specialty mineral products with a focus on naturally occurring minerals and pigment applications. Products are used in brick, refractories, glass, ceramics, foundries, cement, steel, and numerous other industrial and agricultural applications. PROGRESSIVE TECHNOLOGY INC 4130 Citrus Ave Unit 17 Rocklin CA 95677 http://prgtech.com sales@prgtech.com +1 916-632-6715 Fax: +1 916-632-9348 Using the latest in CNC technology and with a combined experience of 150+ years in ceramic machining, we developed many ways to produce complex shapes and at high volume. PSH KILNS & FURNACES 1120 Speers Rd Oakville L6L 2X4 Canada http://psh.ca mail@psh.ca +1 905-849-5540 Fax: +1 905-849-0001 Designs, builds, and services electrically heated, airatmosphere furnaces for production and R&D applications in the ceramics, automotive, aerospace, pulp and paper, fuel cell, electrical, and chemical industries. QUALITY THERMISTOR INC 2108 Century Way Boise ID 83709 http://thermistor.com qtisales@thermistor.com +1 800-554-4784 Fax: +1 208-376-4754 Our ISO:09001:2000 and AS9100 certified manufacturing and testing facilities in Idaho enhances our ability to meet the needs of today\'s challenging temperature measurement and control applications. QUANTACHROME INSTRUMENTS 1900 Corporate Dr Boynton Beach FL 33426 +1 561-731-4999 Fax: +1 561-732-9888 https://www.anton-paar.com/corp-en/quantachrome qc.sales@quantachrome.com World leader in design and manufacture of laboratory instruments for characterizing properties of porous materials and powders. Specialize in instruments for the determination of surface area, pore size, pore volume, and density. QUANTACHROME UK-ANTON PAAR 10215 Timber Ridge Dr Ashland VA 23005 http://www.quantachrome.co.uk info.us@anton-paar.com +1 804-550-1051 From particle creation to particle characterization, Quantachrome UK offers the most advanced technological solutions to the particle technology community. 130 www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Riedhammer GmbH QUINTUS TECHNOLOGIES LLC 8270 Green Meadows Dr N Lewis Center OH 43035 http://quintustechnologies.com support@quintusteam.com +1 614-891-2732 Fax: +1 614-891-4568 READE ADVANCED MATERIALS Quintus Technologies offers high-pressure sheet metal forming presses plus hot and cold isostatic presses for densification of advanced materials. Its systems are backed by an extensive service and support program. RAM PRODUCTS INC 1091 Stimmel Rd Columbus OH 43223 http://ramprocess.com info@ramprocess.com 850 Waterman Ave Providence RI 02914 http://www.reade.com info@reade.com +1 401-433-7000 Fax: +1 401-433-7001 A global distributor and value add toll chemical processor/ packager of specialty chemical particle solids (metal, mineral, ceramic, composite) with four customer-care facilities in the Americas. Visit our 4,500 page website. +1 614-443-4634 Fax: +1 614-443-4813 RECCO FURNACES 8323 Loch Lomond Dr Pico Rivera CA 90660 Manufacture Ram press, Ram process, power units, hydraulic presses, presses, ceramic dies, porous resign dies, models, and special tooling. Worldwide distribution. Sell replacement press parts and Ram process die-making supplies. RATH INC 501 Silverside Rd Ste 131 Wilmington DE 19809 http://www.rath-usa.com rathinfo@rath-usa.com +1 302-793-0283 Fax: +1 302-793-0289 Manufactures and supplies high-temperature custom insulating materials and refractories, including ceramic-fiber insulation, coatings, adhesives, rigidizer and mastics for use up to 1,800°C as well as specialty dense and high-alumina refractories. Rauschert RAUSCHERT INDUSTRIES INC 1170 Howell Mill Rd Ste 300 Atlanta GA 30318 http://www.rauschert.com c.brayman@rauschert.com +1 949-421-9804 Manufacturer of custom advanced ceramic components, offering an extensive product range of ceramic materials used in applications requiring high corrosion, erosion and wear resistance, high-temperature capability, and low electrical conductivity. RAYMOND BARTLETT SNOWSCHNECK PROCESSING 2151 Fisher Drive Naperville IL 60563 http://www.schenckprocess.com/rbs +1 630-836-7460 The Raymond Bartlett Snow Division is a leader in the design, manufacture, and construction of size reduction, classification, and thermal processing equipment for over 130 years. The company works with customers from initial concept and development of equipment and systems, through pilot plant testing, equipment manufacturing, and commissioning, followed by the full capability to provide OEM replacement parts and technical services. RD WEBB COMPANY INC 6 Huron Dr Natick MA 01760 http://www.rdwebb.com RDWEBB@ALUM.MIT.EDU +1 508-650-0110 Fax: +1 508-650-0555 Manufactures air-cooled laboratory and small-production vacuum furnaces for use up to 2,200°C under vacuum or inert gas. Furnaces need no cooling water and consume 2kW of power. Furnace application include active metal brazing, sintering, and annealing. RE CARROLL INC 201 Acorn Dr Yardley PA 19067 http://recarroll.com info@recarroll.com +1 609-695-6211 Fax: +1 609-695-0102 Incorporated 1925. Distributes domestic china clays, ZnO, magnesium carbonate, soda ash, lubricants, alumina trihydrate, and limestone. Warehouses at Trenton, NJ; Akron, OH; Dalton, GA; and Dallas, TX. http://www.reccofurnaces.com info@reccofurnaces.com +1 800-545-4567 Fax: +1 562-949-3696 Provides furnace systems for processing electronics and advanced materials, as well as specialty metals from 5001,800°C. Fifty-four years of providing furnaces for high temperature, precise temperature, and atmosphere control that may include automation. REED GUNITE & SHOTCRETE EQUIPMENT +1 888-779-7333 13822 Oaks Ave Fax: +1 909-287-2140 Chino CA 91710 http://reedpumps.com mike.newcomb@reedmfg.com Produces double-piston shotcrete pumps and feed-bowltype gunite machines for a variety of applications, including refractory installation. REFRAC SYSTEMS 7201 W Oakland St Chandler AZ 85226 http://refrac.com service@refrac.com +1 480-940-0068 Fax: +1 480-940-9366 Provides production vacuum hot-pressing up to 3,800°C; vacuum brazing for nickel, cobalt alloys, reactive, refractory, and noble metals and ceramics. Specializes in performing planar high-volume diffusion bonding tollway services. REFRACTORY CONSULTING SERVICES +1 513-378-0190 121 Olde Farm Rd Fax: +1 513-523-1384 Oxford OH 45056 http://refractoryexpert.com ruthengel@refractoryexpert.com Refractory consultant with more than 35 years experience specializing in comprehensive approach for improved refractory life, refractory failure analysis, expert witness, expert for insurance analysis, training, and more. I have worked in many different industries such as iron, steel, aluminum, copper, silicon, power, and others. REFRACTORY MACHINING SERVICES 610 E Butler Rd Butler PA 16002 http://refrmachscrv.com refmachserv@refrmachscrv.com +1 724-285-7674 Fax: +1 724-285-7673 Produces CVI-based ceramic composites and CVD coatings of ceramics as well as precious and refractory metals. Component design, development, and manufacturing capability. Products for aerospace and energy conversion industries. REFRACTORY MINERALS CO INC 150 Jennersville Rd West Grove PA 19390 http://phosphatebonds.com info@phosphatebonds.com +1 610-869-3031 Fax: +1 610-869-9805 Manufactures and sell phosphate-based refractory binders and calcined alumina -325 mesh. Provides toll services, blending, fine grinding, calcining, and packaging. REFRACTRON TECHNOLOGIES CORP 5750 Stuart Ave Newark NY 14513 http://refractron.com info@refractron.com +1 315-331-6222 Fax: +1 315-331-7254 Refractron manufactures durable structural and porous ceramics for tough industrial applications. These ceramics are used in equipment that aerates wastewater, draws wire, filters minerals, and pumps oil. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org REFRATECHNIK CERAMICS GMBH Barkhausener Str 55 Melle 49328 Germany http://www.refra.com ceramics@refra.com +49 5427-810 Fax: +49 5427-81102 Refratechnik Ceramics in Melle/Germany offers innovative refractory systems for industrial kilns in the heavy clay industry and for other industrial applications in the cement, aluminium and waste incineration industries. Our product portfolio for the ceramics industry includes wall, ceiling and kiln car systems with all necessary kiln furniture. All products are precisely matched to the technical and economic requirements of the customers. RENO REFRACTORIES INC PO Box 201 Morris AL 35116 http://renorefractories.com Garyh@r-ref.com +1 800-741-7366 Reno Refractories Inc is recognized as a leader in the iron foundry industry. With the ability to monitor and satisfy growing demands placed on refractory products needed by today\'s manufacturers, the company offers a full line of quality refractory products and custom designed precast shapes that are sold and distributed worldwide, including hull forms and propulsors; structures and materials; signatures, silencing systems, and susceptibility; machinery systems; and vulnerability and survivability systems. RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INST 110 Eighth St Troy NY 12180 https://www.rpi.edu doremr@rpi.edu +1 518-276-6000 Fax: +1 518-276-8554 Offers an undergraduate major in materials engineering, with the possibility of emphasizing ceramics in elective courses. Offers MS and PhD in materials engineering with specialization in ceramics. RESODYN ACOUSTIC MIXERS INC 130 N Main St Ste 630 Butte MT 59701 http://resodynmixers.com info@resodynmixers.com +1 406-497-5333 Fax: +1 406-497-5206 Provides advanced solutions for a broad range of industrial mixing problems. Service and equipment solutions are based on the company\'s proprietary technology, ResonantAcoustic Mixing. RHI US LTD 1870 New York Ave Falconer NY 14733-1740 http://rhi-ag.com fal_rhimonofrax@rhi-ag.com +1 513-753-1254 Fax: +1 513-753-0984 Member of the RHI Group, manufactures bonded- and fusedcast refractories for supply to the glass industry. RIEDHAMMER GMBH Klingenhofstr 7 Nuremberg 90411 Germany http://www.riedhammer.de sales@riedhammer.de +49 911-52180 RIEDHAMMER IS THE WORLD\'S LEADING KILN PLANT MANUFACTURER With more than 95 years of know-how, innovative technology, and excellence in the fields of carbon, ceramics, and sanitary ware we are the perfect partner for customers seeking advanced, reliable technological solutions for all firing processes. We provide and install complete plant solutions that extend both upstream and downstream from the kiln-worldwide. 131 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member RISE RESEARCH INSTITUTES OF SWEDEN +46 10-516-50-00 SAINT-GOBAIN ABRASIVES PO Box 15008 1 New Bond St Worcester MA 01615 +1 508-795-5000 Fax: +1 888-284-9170 Lindholmspiren 7 A Göteborg 417 56 Sweden https://www.ri.se/en/what-we-do/our-areas/glass info@ri.se RISE Glass (former Glafo), within the polytechnical institute RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, provides industrial contract research, education, technical support, testing, property measurements, chemical analysis, consultancy, and innovative technical solutions to the global glass market, including glass manufacturers, glass processors, and users of glass. The expertise of RISE Glass covers the whole range from raw materials to glass melting, the finished product, recycling, and alternative applications for glass. ROBOCASTING ENTERPRISES LLC 5660 Pino Ave NE Albuquerque NM 87109 http://www.robocasting.com robocasting@robocasting.net +1 505-883-0555 Robocasting specializes in 3D printing ceramics and composites, especially for production of lattice structures as alternatives to reticulated foams for filtration, catalysis, and mixing; custom labware and consumables for DSC/TGA thermal analysis. ROBOVENT 37900 Mound Rd Sterling Heights MI 48310 http://www.robovent.com +1 877-959-7639 Fax: +1 586-698-1801 At RoboVent, clean air is more than a business-it is a passion. The company is driven by the knowledge that the work it does directly impacts the health, safety, and quality of life for thousands of manufacturing workers in the U.S. and around the globe. RoboVent already helped improve the lives of 110,000+ people with its clean air remedies, and this year it hopes to help 10,000 more. ROCA SANITARIO SA Rambla Lluch 2 Gava Barcelona 208250 Spain http://www.roca.com +34 936-38-16-00 Roca is a worldwide reference in developing bathroom spaces. With almost a hundred years of experience as a company, Roca began producing vitreous china bathroom appliances in 1936. Today, Roca\'s commercial network spreads over 135 countries supplied by its 76 production plants and more than 20,000 employees worldwide. ROCCERA LLC Rochester Technology Park 771 Elmgrove Rd +1 585-426-0887 Fax: +1 585-426-0884 Rochester NY 14624 http://roccera.com info@roccera.com Manufacturer and fabricator of advanced ceramic, polyurethane, and steel components. Designs, consults, manufactures, and markets customized advanced ceramic components for industrial, commercial, and domestic applications. ROCKWELL AUTOMATION INC 1201 S Second St Milwaukee WI 53204 http://www.rockwellautomation.com webmaster@rockwellautomation.com +1 414-382-2000 Fax: +1 414-382-4444 Rockwell Automation, the world\'s largest company dedicated to industrial automation, makes its customers more productive and the world more sustainable. ROMAN MANUFACTURING 861 47th St SW Grand Rapids MI 49509 https://www.romanmfg.com +1 616-530-8641 Fax: +1 616-530-8953 As a manufacturer of high-current, low-voltage power sources, RoMan uses the finest materials available to offer thousands of design and customized options built to the highest quality standards and to specific industry and application requirements. RoMan also provides value-added, application-centric technical support and industry specific application engineering services. 132 http://sgabrasives.com ian.r.manter@saint-gobain.com Manufactures and markets coated-abrasive, bondedabrasive, superabrasive, and nonwoven-abrasive products. Sells products under the Norton Abrasives, Winter Abrasives, and Amplex Abrasives brands. SAINT-GOBAIN CERAMICS & PLASTICS +1 508-351-7100 9 Goddard Rd Northboro MA 01532 https://www.saint-gobain.com/en Saint-Gobain designs, manufactures, and distributes building and high-performance materials, providing innovative solutions to the challenges of growth, energy efficiency, and environmental protection. SAINT-GOBAIN NORPRO 3840 Fishcreek Rd Stow OH 44224 https://www.norpro.saint-gobain.com norpro.ceramicsales@saint-gobain.com +1 330-673-5860 Saint-Gobain NorPro\'s advanced ceramic technologies for fixed bed reactor processing and heat & mass transfer applications include custom catalyst carriers, bed topping and support media, mass transfer media and support assemblies, and regenerative thermal oxidation packings. SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE +1 508-795-5577 CERAMICS & REFRACTORIES & Fax: +1 508-795-2051 HEXOLOY SIC MATERIALS 1 New Bond St Worcester MA 01606 USA https://www.ceramicsrefractories.saint-gobain.com ceramics.refractories@saint-gobain.com Saint-Gobain PCR partners with customers to develop innovative, sustainable solutions with its leading technology brands such Amasic-3D, Cryston, Durafrax, Hexoloy, N-Durance, Cryston, Norfrax, Silit, SpyroCor. Our materials include alumina, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silicon nitride, zirconia, and chromium for applications involving high temperature, corrosion, abrasion, wear, or impact resistance. Every product and material is designed to maximize performance and durability while minimizing environmental impact. SAINT-GOBAIN RECHERCHE Les Miroirs 18 Avenue d\'Alsace Courbevoie 92400 France http://saint-gobain-recherche.com patrick.garnier@saint-gobain.com +33 1-48-39-58-00 Fax: +33 1-48-34-74-16 Research on glass: flat glass, bottle glass, insulation glass fibers, and reinforcement glass fibers. SAMPE 21680 Gateway Center Dr Ste 300 Diamond Bar CA 91765 http://www.sampe.org sampeibo@sampe.org +1 626-331-0616 Fax: +1 626-332-8929 Founded 1944. International educational and scientific membership association dedicated to the exchange of data on new materials and processes. Provides a unique and valuable forum. Sponsors technical conferences and exhibitions, and publishes proceedings. SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES 1515 Eubank SE PO Box 5800 Albuquerque NM 87185 http://sandia.gov astapia@sandia.gov +1 505-844-8066 Research, development, and application of glass and ceramics, includes developing glasses, glass-ceramics for hermetic seals, studying electro-optic effects, improving processes for making ferroelectric ceramics, and studying fracture of ceramics. SAUEREISEN INC 160 Gamma Dr Pittsburgh PA 15238 http://www.sauereisen.com info@sauereisen.com +1 412-963-0303 Fax: +1 412-963-7620 Sauereisen manufactures a diverse line of electrically insulating inorganic cements. Choose from over 20 different air-setting, hydraulic-setting, and chemical-setting products offering continuous high-temperature service up to 3,000°F. SAXON GLASS TECHNOLOGIES INC PO Box 575 200 N Main St Alfred NY 14802 http://saxonglass.com info@saxonglass.com +1 607-587-9630 Fax: +1 201-855-0643 Saxon Glass Technologies Inc started in 1996 when a large glassmaker came to the New York State College of Ceramics at Alfred University in search of a solution to their glass strength problems. After the successful demonstration of trial runs, a shop was set up at the Ceramic Corridor Innovation Center to meet the new challenge from the New York State legislature to help with the economic growth of the region. SCG CHEMICALS CO LTD +66 2-586-1111 Fax: +66 2-586-5561 1 Siam Cement Rd Bang Su Bangkok 10800 Thailand https://www.scgchemicals.com/en/index As one of SCG\'s three core businesses, SCG Chemicals manufactures and offers a full range of petrochemical products, ranging from upstream production of olefins and intermediate production of styrene monomers, purified terephthalic acid, and methyl methacrylate; to downstream production of four main plastic resins (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene), including fabricated products such as film, pipe and fittings, and acrylic sheet. To better serve customer requirements, SCG Chemicals assigns prime importance to the development of new technology and innovation for the creation of high valueadded products and services. SCHOTT NORTH AMERICA INC 555 Taxter Rd Elmsford NY 10523 http://www.us.schott.com rina.dellavecchia@us.schott.com +1 914-831-2200 Fax: +1 914-831-2201 SCHOTT is a leading international technology group in the areas of specialty glass and glass-ceramics. With more than 130 years of outstanding development, materials, and technology expertise, the company offers a broad portfolio of high-quality products and intelligent solutions. SCHOTT is an innovative enabler for many industries, including the home appliance, pharma, electronics, optics, life sciences, automotive, and aviation industries. SCHOTT strives to play an important part in everyone\'s life and is committed to innovation and sustainable success. The group maintains a global presence with production sites and sales offices in 34 countries. SECO/WARWICK CORP 180 Mercer St PO Box 908 Meadville PA 16335 http://seco-warwick.com contact@secowarwick.com +1 814-332-8400 Fax: +1 814-724-1407 Custom-engineered vacuum furnaces for most processes, including hardening, tempering, annealing, solution heat treating, brazing, sintering, carburizing, carbon/carbon composition, CVD-graphitizing, high-pressure quenching, and degassing. SELEE CORP 700 Shepherd St Hendersonville NC 28792 http://www.selee.com cservice@selee.com +1 828-364-0100 Fax: +1 828-693-1833 Manufactures technical ceramics for gas and liquid filtration/ separation, heat and mass transfer, high-temperature mixing, catalysis, and metal filtration/treatment and transfer. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 Spray Drying Systems Inc SEMCO CARBON 3000 Leavitt Rd Lorain OH 44052 http://www.semcocarbon.com mvozar@semcocarbon.com +1 440-277-5860 Fax: +1 440-277-5859 Semco Carbon provides custom graphite machining services to produce components per customer specifications and drawings. We work with graphite and carbon composites exclusively and as a specialized graphite shop; large production quantities are not a requirement when placing an order. Semco Carbon handles small run jobs, such as prototype work or repair work, with no minimum order required and no minimum charge. SEMICONDUCTOR ENERGY LABORATORY CO LTD 398 Hase Atsugi-shi Kanagawa 243-0036 Japan http://www.sel.co.jp/en info@sel.co.jp +81 46-248-1131 Fax: +81 46-270-7227 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co, Ltd (SEL) finds research topics pertaining to forthcoming needs of society, finds new principles by thorough research and development, and invents technologies to solve problems. SEMTECH SOLUTIONS INC 6 Executive Park Dr Analytical Testing Laboratory Billerica MA 01862 http://www.atl.semtechsolutions.com labmanager@semtechsolutions.com +1 978-663-9822 Fax: +1 978-663-9823 SEMTech Solutions provides advanced analytical and R&D support to a wide array of customers. We use FE-SEMS, EDS, micro FTIR, and optical microscopy for materials testing and characterization. We have more than 25 years experience in this field. SETARAM INSTRUMENTATION 7 Rue de l\'Oratoire Caluire 69300 France http://www.setaram.com sales@setaram.com +33 4-72-10-25-25 Fax: +33 4-78-28-63-55 Setaram is a leading manufacturer and supplier of highperformance thermal analyzers, calorimeters, gas sorption, and high pressure mass spectroscopy instruments, and offers complete and dedicated solutions for your specific application. SHAMROCK TECHNOLOGIES INC Foot of Pacific St Newark NJ 07114 http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com +1 973-242-2999 Fax: +1 973-242-8074 marketing@shamrocktechnologies.com Manufactures a broad line of micronized powders, dispersions, emulsions, and compounds, including PTFE, polyethylene, polypropylene, fluoro polymers, custom wax alloys, natural waxes, and specialty additives for the ceramics industry. SHEFFIELD POTTERY US Rt 7 PO Box 399 Sheffield MA 01257 http://sheffield-pottery.com sales@sheffield-pottery.com +1 413-229-7700 Fax: +1 413-229-0200 Established 1946. Produces stock and custom moist-clay bodies. Huge selection of raw materials and chemicals. Distributes ceramics equipment, including kilns, wheels, slab rollers, and pugmills. Ceramics supply showroom open daily. SHOEI CHEMICAL INC Shinjuku Mitsui Bldg +81 3-3344-6661 Fax: +81 3-3344-6658 1-1 Nishi Shinjuku 2-chome Shinjuku-ku Tokoyo 163-0443 Japan http://www.shoeichem.co.jp info@shoeichem.co.jp Established 1956. Manufactures conductive, resistive, and dielectric pastes and fine powders of metals and metal oxides for electronic application; precious metal/salt, precious-metal catalyst, and liquid precious metal for industrial applications. SIBELCO BENELUX De Zate 1 Dessel 2480 Belgium http://sibelco.be sales@sibelco.be +32 14-83-72-11 Fax: +32 14-83-72-32 Worldwide producer of various industrial ceramic minerals, including silica, cristobalite, clays, nepheline, and feldspar, both in sand and power form. Kindly consult with us on your specific requirements. SICCO ENGINEERING WORKS No 454 Sidco Industrial Estate Chennia Tamil Nadu 600098 India http://www.siccoengineering.co.in kanmani@synchrony.co.in +91 44-2625-4792 Fax: +91 44-2625-0513 Sicco developed several equipments for unit handling systems like range of gravity rollers, silent running live roller conveyors of our innovative single-chain design, load adjustable accumulation conveyors, and compact inline lifting tables. SIEMENS PROCESS INDUSTRIES AND DRIVES 100 Technology Dr Alpharetta GA 30005 http://www.usa.siemens.com/industry helpline.sii@siemens.com +1 770-740-3000 Fax: +1 678-297-8316 Siemens is a single source leader of automation technology products engineered and manufactured for all industrial sectors. +1 716-200-8618 Fax: +1 716-668-9800 SIGMA ADVANCED MATERIALS 2115 Old Union Rd Cheektowaga NY 14227 http://www.sigmaadvanced materials.com cpilon@sigmaadvanced.com Experience, dedication to excellence, and best-of-breed operational practices shape Sigma Advanced Materials. Sigma Advanced Materials offers custom-engineered solutions for each project it encounters. Clients enjoy personalized care and consultative assistance, resulting in the best possible deliverable for the best possible price. SIGMADIAMANT +34 964-56-27-13 Polígono Industrial Supoi 8 Parcela M5 B1 Nave 17 (CV-10 - salida 12) Castellón 12550 Spain http://www.sigmadiamant.com info@sigmadiamant.com Diamond tools and abrasives for polishing, lapping, cutting, mitering, beveling, squaring, and shaping ceramic tile, porcelain tile, marble, granite, and any natural stone. Hi-tech range, adapted to the type of material, available for any brand of machinery. SILICON CARBIDE PRODUCTS INC 361 Daniel Zenker Dr Horseheads NY 14845 http://scprobond.com scp@scprobond.com +1 607-562-8599 Fax: +1 607-562-7585 Manufacturer of custom silicon carbide specialty shapes for demanding industrial wear, corrosion, and high-temperature applications. SCP offers SCProbond \'N\' Reaction Bonded SiC. ISO 9001:2000 certified. SOMANY CERAMICS LTD KassarBahadurgarh Haryana 124507 India http://www.somanyceramics.com ggt@somanytiles.co.in +1 800-103-0004 Fax: +91 1276-241-006 $200 million company and leading tile manufacturer in India under renowned Somany brand. Company has certificate of registration under ISO 9001:2008; ISO 14001:2004; BS OHSAS 18001:2007; ISO 22000:2005; EN ISO 14411:2006; and IS 1515622:2006. SONYA CERAMICS (EXPORT DIVISION) +91 79-2220-2588 711 Anil Rd Near Anil Starch Mill Ahmedabad Gujarat 380025 India http://www.sonyaceramics.com info@sonyaceramics.com We specialize in manufacturing and exporting technical ceramics made of porcelain, steatite, cordierite porcelain, cordierite refractory, alumina refractory, and high alumina of different grades. SPARKLER CERAMICS PVT LTD J-508 MIDC Bhosari Pune Maharashtra 411026 India http://www.sparklerceramics.com piezo@sparklerceramics.com +91 20-3069-2878 Fax: +91 20-2713-0955 Manufactures lead zirconate titanate and lead-titanatebased piezoelectric elements for ultrasonic cleaners, welders, atomizers, and NDT probes; hydrophones, sonars, accelerometers, armament impact fusing, energy harvesting, and scores of other appliances. Specialty GLASS solving the science of glass™ since 1977 SPECIALTY GLASS INC 305 Marlborough St Oldsmar FL 34677 http://sgiglass.com +1 813-855-5779 Fax: +1 813-855-1584 Founded in 1977, Specialty Glass Inc (SGI) excels at utilizing innovative production techniques to become a leading manufacturer specializing in glass melting and processing for a wide array of industries within global markets. Examples include glass solutions for the following: abrasives, computer heads, vitrified-bonded grinding wheels, dental glass fillers, electronics, sealing, wood preservation, plus many other technical glass applications. SPECTROCHEMICAL Laboratories Material Evaluation SPECTROCHEMICAL LABORATORIES +1 724-334-4140 155 Prominence Dr New Kensington PA 15068 http://www.spectrochemicalme.com Fax: +1 724-334-4143 Chemical testing services are used to evaluate glass, ceramics, raw materials, cements and concretes, slag, corrosion, refractory bricks and castings, anions, and aggregates. SPECTRONICS CORP 956 Brush Hollow Rd Westbury NY 11590 http://spectroline.com info@spectroline.com +1 800-274-8888 Fax: +1 516-491-6868 Manufactures UV lamps used to cure ceramics, adhesives, and coatings in applications ranging from windshield repair to spot curing on PC boards. Offer radiometers to check the intensity of UV lamps for curing. Lamps also custom-made for specific curing. SPONTANEOUS MATERIALS 8505 E Temple Dr Unit 474 Denver CO 80237 http://spontaneousmaterials.com strout@ieee.org +1 303-955-8537 A consultancy specializing in the rare earths, magnetic materials, technical training, and technical writing. SPRAY DRYING SYSTEMS INC 5320 Enterprise St Ste J Eldersburg MD 21784 http://www.spraydrysys.com sales@spraydrysys.com +1 410-549-8090 Fax: +1 410-549-8091 Designs and sells spray dryers. SDS spray dryers produce free-flowing ceramic powders with a controlled particle size. High yields and quality products, at competitive pricing. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org 133 SRI International Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member SRI INTERNATIONAL 333 Ravenswood Ave Menlo Park CA 94025 +1 650-859-2000 http://sri.com customer-service@sri.com An independent, nonprofit research institute conducting client-sponsored R&D for government agencies, commercial businesses, foundations, and other organizations. STAHLI USA INC SUPERIOR TECHNICAL CERAMICS CORP +1 802-527-7726 Fax: +1 802-527-1181 600 Industrial Park Rd St Albans VT 05478 http://www.ceramics.net sales@ceramics.net Established 1898. Manufactures custom technical ceramics components using extruding, dry-pressure, isopressing, injection molding, green-forming, and diamond-machining techniques. Also manufactures prototype-through-production quantities on contract. 200 Sheridan Springs Rd Lake Geneva WI +1 847-719-0360 Fax: +1 847-719-0361 SURMET CORP 31 B St http://stahliusa.com s.nelson@stahliusa.com Stahli is one of the leading companies worldwide in the manufacture of flat honing, lapping, and polishing machines. To our customers, we are known just as much by our standard products as by our custom-made and need-oriented special products. STARFIRE SYSTEMS INC 8 Sarnowski Dr Glenville NY 12302 http://starfiresystems.com info@starfiresystems.com +1 518-899-9336 Fax: +1 518-289-2261 Offers the solution for high-temperature materials creating high-performance products. Our chemistry enables control of molecular structures combining ceramic materials with other materials to produce composites, laminates, and coatings. STEDMAN MACHINE CO 129 Franklin St Aurora IN 47001 http://stedman-machine.com sales@stedman-machine.com +1 812-718-4471 Fax: +1 812-926-3482 Since 1834, Stedman provides customers with material size reduction solutions for crushing, pulverizing, fine grinding, blending, or lump breaking a broad range of materials for applications from +40 inches to 10 microns. STUDIOLX - HOME DECOR PO Box 563 Lincolnshire IL 60069 http://studiolx.com info@studiolx.com +1 888-423-5959 Traditional and contemporary ceramic vases, bowls, platters, and other decorative objects. Contemporary, decorative, and colored art glass vases, bowls, and platters. SUNROCK CERAMICS CO 2625 S 21st Ave Broadview IL 60155 http://www.sunrockceramics.com info@sunrockceramics.com +1 708-344-7600 Fax: +1 708-344-7636 U.S. manufacturer of high-alumina ceramics and specialty refractories, including kiln furniture for firing advanced ceramics. Many formulations available for demanding hightemperature applications with a wide assortment of pressed or cast shapes, plus flexibility to quickly and economically make new and custom shapes. SUNTECH ADVANCED CERAMICS (SHENZHEN) CO LTD 1f & 2F No 21 Nanling Rd Bldg B BaoAn District ShenZhen China http://www.suntechceramics.com info@esuntech.com +86 755-2658-4521 Fax: +86 755-2600-9083 Design, development, and manufacturing of mechanical ceramic components, with batching, mixing, molding, sintering, and machining of ceramics fully in house. SUPERIOR GRAPHITE CO +1 800-325-0337 10 S Riverside Plaza Ste 1470 Fax: +1 312-559-9064 Chicago IL 60606 http://superiorgraphite.com CustomerServiceUSA@SuperiorGraphite.com Produces alpha- and beta-SiC powder for use in sintered wear parts, toners, MMCs, and abrasives. Produces Boron Carbide. Produces advanced (graphite) materials for use in many industries. Burlington MA 01803 http://www.surmet.com sales@surmet.com +1 781-272-3969 Fax: +1 781-272-9185 A specialty materials manufacturing company known for its leadership in ALON, the superior lightweight transparent armor. Surmet\'s transparent spinel is stronger and tougher. Surmet produces and supplies aluminum nitride powder/ products in tons. SWINDELL DRESSLER INTL CO 5100 Casteel Dr Coraopolis PA 15108 http://www.swindelldressler.com SalesSDIC@swindelldressler.com +1 412-788-7100 Fax: +1 412-788-7110 Established in 1915, Swindell Dressler engineers, designs, and constructs shuttle, bell, electric, roller hearth, and tunnel kilns for the ceramics and carbon industries. The company also offers car-moving equipment. TA INSTRUMENTS +1 302-427-4000 Fax: +1 302-427-4001 159 Lukens Dr New Castle DE 19720 http://thermophysical.tainstruments.com info@tainstruments.com TA Instruments, the world leader in thermal analysis, rheology, and calorimetry, provides innovative technology for advanced materials characterization by DSC/TGA, dilatometry, thermal conductivity and diffusivity, high temp viscometry, and more. TABER INDUSTRIES 455 Bryant St North Tonawanda NY 14120 http://www.taberindustries.com sales@taberindustries.com +1 716-694-4000 Fax: +1 716-694-1450 Manufacturer of test instruments that aid the understanding of material physical properties including abrasion and scratch resistance. Test results assist R&D, process control, and quality assurance for ceramics, coatings, and other materials. TAKASAGO INDUSTRY CO LTD 2321-2 Dachi-cho Toki-city Gifu 509-54 Japan http://www.takasago-inc.co.jp hitoshi_ando@takasago-inc.co.jp +81 572-59-8899 Fax: +81 572-59-3848 Designs and manufactures electric-heated and gas-fired industrial kilns. Specializes in roller hearth kilns, rotary kilns, tunnel kilns, periodic kilns including shuttle kilns, microwave kilns, microwave+electric or +gas hybrid kilns, various dryers, and more. TAM CERAMICS 4511 Hyde Park Blvd Niagara Falls NY 14305 http://www.tamceramics.com customer.service@tamceramics.com TECHNICAL PRODUCTS INC PO Box 189 Hubertus WI 53033 http://technicalproductsinc.com tpi@technicalproductsinc.com +1 800-869-2008 Fax: +1 262-335-3606 One of the largest Macor distributors in the world with expertise in machining, engineering, specifying, developing, and manufacturing simple or complex designs to precise tolerances in high-tech ceramics and plastics. TECHNISONIC RESEARCH INC 328 Commerce Dr Fairfield CT 06825 http://technisonicinc.com tonyr@technisonic.net +1 203-368-3600 Fax: +1 203-368-1922 Manufactures ultrasonic transducers for nondestructive testing applications, including flaw detection, thickness gauging, and weld inspection. Medical and industrial types are offered. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND TRANSFER INC (TA&T) 133 Defense Hwy Ste 212 Annapolis MD 21401 http://techassess.com info@techassess.com +1 410-224-3710 Fax: +1 410-224-4678 Technology Assessment and Transfer Inc (TA&T) is a Small Business Administration certified Woman Owned Small Business (WOSB) that specializes in high technology, developing, and commercializing advanced materials for defense, biomedical, and industrial applications. TA&T strives to commercialize its innovations through cooperative development programs with end users and technology licensing to interested third parties. TECHNOLOGY OF MATERIALS 4020 N Palm St Ste 202 Fullerton CA 92835 http://xraydiffrac.com sam@xraydiffrac.com +1 800-682-2922 Fax: +1 714-446-9229 Analytical lab specializing in analysis of materials using XRD (Rietveld quantification and size/strain), thermal analysis (DTA/TG), microscopy (SEM/EDS), and FTIR. Also specializes in clay and soil mineralogy. TEETER MARKETING SERVICES LLC +1 716-510-1408 115 Sand Dollar Ln Sarasota FL 34242 cereng19@aol.com Provides industrial market research, business planning, product development and introduction, marketing communications, and education and training services for companies in the high-performance materials field. Serves as managing director for SECA. TEMPO PLASTIC 1227 N Miller Park Ct Visalia CA 93291 http://tempogloss.com tempo@tempo-foam.com +1 559-651-7711 Fax: +1 559-651-0123 Stock and custom protective packaging for wafers and substrates. Automated foam molding process. TETHON 3D +1 716-978-9403 Fax: +1 716-278-9571 Leading manufacturer of high purity engineered powders including zirconia, titanate, and zircon-based materials for a variety of industries and applications. Provides services such as custom toll processing and materials recycling. TECHNICAL GLASS PRODUCTS INC 881 Callendar Blvd Painesville Ohio 44077 http://technicalglass.com tgp@tgpohio.com +1 440-639-6399 Fax: +1 440-639-1292 Technical Glass Products, Inc. is a fabricator and distributor of Fused Quartz Glassware. 719 South 75th St Omaha NE 68114 http://www.tethon3d.com info@tethon3d.com +1 402-889-6191 Tethon 3D is revolutionizing ceramic additive manufacturing with innovative materials and hardware. 134 www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 US Silica Co TT TEVTECH MATERIALS PROCESSING SOLUTIONS TEVTECH LLC THERMOCARBON INC +1 407-834-7800 391 Melody Ln Casselberry FL 32707 http://www.dicing.com frankc@thermocarbon.com +1 978-667-4557 100 Billerica Ave Fax: +1 978-667-4554 Manufactures diamond resin wheels. North Billerica MA 01862 +1 888-785-0509 http://www.tevtechllc.com sales@tevtechllc.com TevTech delivers state-of-the-art materials processing hightemperature vacuum furnace systems and components that enable your company to maintain its competitive edge. TEXERS TECHNICAL CERAMICS INC 7171 Yonge St Thornhill ON http://texers.com/index.html info@texers.com +1 647-866-1047 Fax: +1 855-383-5483 Texers Inc is a growing international technical ceramics company. It designs, produces, and supplies ceramic products and components engineered to customer needs. Texers supplies a wide spectrum of industries, including automotive and aerospace; medical and healthcare; oil, gas, and petrochemical; energy and environment; and food and agriculture. THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY 550 Polaris Pkwy Ste 510 Westerville OH 43082 http://ceramics.org customerservice@ceramics.org +1 866-721-3322 Fax: +1 240-396-5637 The American Ceramic Society (ACerS) is a nonprofit professional society for individuals involved in materials science and engineering. The Society\'s mission is to advance the study, understanding, and use of ceramics and related materials, for the benefit of our members and society. THE FURNACE SOURCE LLC 99 Agney Ave Terryville CT 06786 http://thefurnacesource.com info@thefurancesource.com +1 860-582-4201 Fax: +1 860-584-8854 The Furnace Source is a manufacturer and reseller of vacuum furnaces, sintering furnaces, vertical bell furnaces, and much more. THERMAL PRODUCTS CO INC 4520 S Berkeley Lake Rd Berkeley Lake GA 30071 http://www.thermalproductsco.com info@thermalproductsco.com +1 770-662-0456 Fax: +1 770-242-6210 Fabricates and distributes ceramic fiber and biosoluble insulation, ceramic fiber modules, and SiC heating elements. Die-cutting & slitting capabilities of insulation. Ceramic fiber braids for kiln car seals and door gaskets. Large modules for kilns. THERMAL WAVE IMAGING INC 845 Livernois St Ferndale MI 48220 http://thermalwave.com sales@thermalwave.com +1 248-414-3730 Fax: +1 248-414-3764 Thermal Wave Imaging is the leading innovator and provider of state-of-the-art thermographic nondestructive testing (NDT) solutions ranging from low-cost portable systems for field applications to highly sophisticated automated inspection equipment for manufacturing QA. Our products are designed to meet critical needs of aerospace, power generation, and automotive OEMs and suppliers. THERMCRAFT INC 3950 Overdale Rd Winston Salem NC 27107 http://www.thermcraftinc.com info@thermcraftinc.com +1 336-784-4800 Fax: +1 336-784-0634 Provides furnaces for industrial, R&D, OEM, and end users for all industries. Manufactures lab- and industrial-heating elements, furnaces, and control systems. Systems are available for temperatures up to 1,700°C. THROUGHPUT BLUESTREAK 1805 Sunset View Dr Delafield WI 53018 http://www.go-bluestreak.com jeff.somenske@go-bluestreak.com Bluestreak Software is enterprise-level manufacturing software designed specifically for process-based manufacturers that work with ceramics powder/paint, metal finishing, heat treat, and more. Bluestreak manages real-time information across manufacturing departments. TOTO LTD 2-8-1 Honson Kanagawa Pref Chigasakai-City 253-8577 Japan http://www.toto.com +81 467-54-3310 New technology demands ceramic materials with higher performance and improved functions in terms of design, durability, thermal resistance, and electrical characteristics. Toto has a reputation for making quality ceramics for the semiconductor manufacturing equipment industry. It is known for manufacturing high precision ceramic products, including air bearings, electrostatic chucks, and bonding capillaries. TOYAL AMERICA INC 1717 N Naper Blvd Naperville IL 60563 http://toyala.com nicolas.justeau@toyala.com +1 630-505-2170 Fax: +1 630-505-2176 Producer and distributor of various grades of aluminum nitride for sintering. Also produces silica coated aluminum nitride with excellent thermal conductivity properties. Atomized spherical and conventional aluminum powders are offered. TOYOTA CENTRAL R&D LABS INC 41-1 Yokomichi Nagakute Aichi 480-1192 Japan http://www.tytlabs.com +81 561-63-6569 Producer and distributor of various grades of aluminum nitride for sintering. Also produces silica coated aluminum nitride with excellent thermal conductivity properties. Atomized spherical and conventional aluminum powders are offered. SKYWORKS TRANS-TECH INC +1-301-874-6545 Fax:+1-301-695-7065 5520 Adamstown Road Adamstown, MD 21710 http://www.skyworksinc.com/Products_Technical Ceramics. aspx RFCeramics@skyworksinc.com Skyworks Solutions, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Trans-Tech, is an industry leader in technical ceramic materials. With over 60 years of experience, the company offers a complete line of high-quality, low-cost, ceramicbased materials for many RF and microwave markets, including wireless communications, infrastructure, military, cable television, and broadband access. Tightly controlled processes-from raw materials to forming, firing, finishing, assembling, and testing-produce the best and most consistently reproducible components available today for both low and high volume requirements. Product portfolio includes advanced materials (in both technical powder and ingot form) as well as dielectrics, ferrites, and magnetics. +43 4262-505310 TREIBACHER INDUSTRIE AG Auer-von-Welsbach-Straße 1 Fax: +43 4262-5058310 Althofen 9330 Austria http://www.treibacher.com treibacher@treibacher.com Treibacher Industrie AG is an international company with over 100 years experience in chemistry and metallurgy. At its headquarters in Althofen, Austria, Treibacher Industrie AG develops and manufactures ferro alloys for the steel and foundry industries, powders for the carbide industry, high performance ceramics, fine chemicals, and special alloys. Our customers value our high product quality, flexibility, and customized solutions. TRENT INC 201 Leverington Ave Philadelphia PA 19127 http://trentheat.com trentheat@aol.com +1 215-482-5000 Fax: +1 215-482-9389 Manufactures electrically heated process equipment for industrial applications. Manufactures furnaces and ovens for the glass and ceramics industries as well as replacement heating elements. TRI-MER CORP 1400 Monroe St Owosso MI 48867 http://www.tri-mer.com kevin.moss@tri-mer.com +1 801-294-5422 Fax: +1 989-723-7844 Glass furnace emissions: UltraCat Catalyst Filters are the technology of choice for container and flat glass. Also kilns, ceramic production, and cement. Remove any combination of PM, SO, and NOx, HCI, HF, and metals to below EPA standards. TRINITY CERAMIC SUPPLY INC 9016 Diplomacy Row Dallas TX 75247 https://trinityceramic.com trinityceramic@sbcglobal.net +1 214-631-0540 Fax: +1 214-637-6463 Established 1950. Distributes raw materials and chemicals to the tile, sanitaryware, brick, porcelain enamel, artware, and hobby industries. Inventories include opacifiers, kaolins (foreign and domestic), feldspars, nepheline syenite, ball clays, and more. 20 MULE TEAM BORAX 773-270-6500 US BORAX INC I RIO TINTO 200 E Randolph St Ste 7100 Chicago IL 60601 https://www.borax.com USBorax.Communications@riotinto.com U.S. Borax, part of Rio Tinto, is a global leader in the supply and science of borates-naturally-occurring minerals containing boron and other elements. We are 1,000 people serving 500 customers with more than 1,700 delivery locations globally. We supply 30% of the world\'s need for refined borates from our world-class mine in Boron, California, about 100 miles northeast of Los Angeles. We mine, manufacture, and refine borate products for use in glazes and enamels, including borax decahydrate, boric oxide, Dehybor (anhydrous borax), Neobor (sodium borate), Optibor (boric acid), and specialty powders. US SILICA CO 8490 Progress Dr Ste 300 Frederick MD 21740 http://www.ussilica.com sales@ussilica.com +1 800-345-6170 +1 304-258-8295 Produces aplite, round angular and subangular whole-grain sand, ground silica, fine-ground silica, and assorted clay materials. Materials available in bulk and bagged quantities. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org 135 Unifrax I LLC Boxed listings = ACerS Corporate member UNIFRAX I LLC 600 Riverwalk Pkwy Ste 120 Tonawanda NY 14150 http://unifrax.com info@unifrax.com +1 716-768-6400 +1 716-768-6500 VELCO GMBH Global leader in the development and manufacture of hightemperature insulation products including Fiberfrax ceramic fiber, and revolutionary Insulfrax and Isofrax soluble fiber products. UNIMIN CORPORATION 258 Elm St New Canaan CT 06840 http://www.unimin.com ContactUs@QualityCeramics.com +1 203-966-8880 Fax: +1 203-966-3453 Unimin offers a complete portfolio of fillers, fluxes, clays, custom blends, and prepared bodies. Engineered to the highest quality standards, we supply the global ceramic industry with proven, performance-oriented industrial minerals. UNION PROCESS INC 1925 Akron-Peninsula Rd Akron OH 44313 http://unionprocess.com unionprocess@unionprocess.com +1 330-929-3333 Fax: +1 330-929-3034 Union Process manufactures a broad line of particle size reduction equipment such as wet and dry grinding attritors and small media mills, in laboratory and production sizes. We also offer a wide assortment of grinding media and provide toll milling, laboratory testing, and refurbishing services. UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE NUEVO LEON +52 81-8352-1984 +52 81-8376-0477 Instituto de Ingenieria Civil Av Universidad s/n Cd Universitaria Mexico http://www.uanl.mx infoecomateriales@gmail.com Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon is a public university with seven campuses across Nuevo Leon, Mexico. It is the oldest and largest university in the state in terms of student population. UTTAM INDUSTRIES 708 Gidc Sector 28 Gandhinagr India http://www.uttamzincoxide.com uttamrajiv@hotmail.com Manufacturing zinc oxide since 1990. VALLEY DESIGN CORP Two Shaker Rd Bldg E-001 Shirley MA 01464 http://valleydesign.com info@valleydesign.com +91 240-773-48 Haberstr 40 Velbert North Rhine-Westphalia 42551 Germany https://www.velco.de info@velco.de Produces gunning machines for dry and humid/plastic mixes, gunning robots for hot repair of EAF, ladle, RH, and more. Pneumatic injection machines for the steel industries. Using the patented GUNMIX system, it is possible to apply LC qualities in dry gunning with low dust and rebound. VERDER scientific VERDER SCIENTIFIC INC 11 Penns Trail Ste 300 Newtown PA 18940 ELTRA Gesch GATA MER https://www.verder-scientific.com info-us@verder-scientific.com +1 866-473-8724 Fax: +1 267-757-0358 Verder Scientific Inc, comprised of the Retsch, Retsch Technology, Carbolite Gero, and ELTRA brands, sets the standard in high-tech scientific equipment, serving research institutions and analytical laboratories, as well as manufacturing companies, for decades. The company manufactures and supplies instruments for sample preparation and elemental analysis as well as heat treatment of solid materials. VERITY TECHNICAL CONSULTANTS LLC +1 614-440-1306 1266 Dobbins Dr New Albany OH 43054 http://www.verityconsultants.com djeter@verityconsultants.com Verity provides manufacturing consulting, technical investigations, analysis, reports, and testimony for the resolution of litigation and claims involving failures of glass and ceramic materials, product liability, and industrial workplace accidents. VESUVIUS 753 Enterprise Rd Dillon SC 29536 http://www.vesuvius.com Marcus.Bancroft@vesuvius.com +1 843-774-6026 Fax: +1 843-774-3735 Vesuvius is a worldwide leader in advanced ceramics for the solar, glass-tempering, and glass-forming industry. VIRIDIS3D LLC +1 978-425-3030 92 Bolt St +1 978-425-3031 Manufactures substrates, windows, wafers, shims, and spacers from ceramics, glass, and metals. Precision lapping, polishing, 4-axis CNC machining, dicing, edge-polishing, thinning, grinding services. Specializes in ultrathin, ultraflat, and superpolishing. VANDERBILT MINERALS LLC 33 Winfield St Norwalk CT 06856 http://www.vanderbiltminerals.com mineralsales@vanderbiltminerals.com +1 203-295-2140 +1 203-855-1220 Vanderbilt Minerals LLC specializes in industrial minerals and chemicals, including kaolin clays, pyrophyllite, wollastonite, smectite and hectorite clays, dispersing agents, and xanthan gum. 136 Lowell MA 01852 http://www.viridis3d.com sales@viridis3d.com +1 978-455-0131 Develops and commercializes materials for advanced applications in additive manufacturing, including technical and art ceramics and metal casting. Provides complete solutions with hardware, software, installation, training, and materials. VITCAS LTD 8 Bonville Rd Brislington Bristol BS4 5NZ UK http://www.vitcas.com info@vitcas.com +44 117-911-7895 Fax: +44 117-971-1152 British manufacturer of refractory cement, fire cement, refractory castables, fire bricks, ceramic fiber products, acid resistant cements, zircon refractory products, coatings, tap hole clays, refractory mouldables, taming mix, and high alumina mortars. WASHINGTON MILLS ELECTRO MINERALS CO 1801 Buffalo Ave Niagara Falls NY 14302 http://www.washingtonmills.com info@washingtonmills.com +1 716-278-6600 Fax: +1 716-278-6650 Manufactures fused synthetic minerals for use in refractory raw materials, abrasives, ceramic raw materials, and industrial applications. Products include silicon carbide, brown fused alumina, white fused alumina, boron carbide, bubble alumina, and more. WERNER G SMITH INC 1730 Train Ave Cleveland OH 44113 http://wernergsmithinc.com +1 216-861-3676 Fax: +1 216-861-3680 Werner G Smith Inc produces biodegradable, biosustainable, and biorenewable additives most commonly used in machining and metal working, cleaners, personal care products, and coatings and paint. Ingredients are from earthfriendly sources and have been since 1950. WESBOND CORP 1135 E 7th St Wilmington DE 19801 http://wesbond.com sales@wesbond.com +1 302-655-7917 Fax: +1 302-656-7885 Established 1976. Develops and manufactures new binding and bonding systems for refractory-fiber shapes and ceramic composites as well as ceramic shell molds for investment castings. Products include colloidal alumina, and silica and mullite binders. WILLIAMS PATENT CRUSHER & PULVERIZER CO INC 2701 N Broadway St Louis MO 6102 http://williamscrusher.com info@williamscrusher.com +1 314-621-3348 Fax: +1 314-436-2639 Offers a complete line of processing equipment for the ceramics industry, including primary and secondary impact crushers, nonclog hammer mills, single- and double-roll crushers, impact dryer mills, roller mills, and direct-fired coal pulverizers. WINNER TECHNOLOGY 14-12 Geumgok 3-gil Anjung-eup Pyeongtaek-si Gyeonggi-do Korea http://www.winnertechnology.co.kr info@winnertechnology.co.kr +82 31-683-1867 Fax: +82 31-683-1870 Winner Technology specializes in research, development, and production of MoSi, heating elements for 1,700°C, 1,800°C, and 1,900°C. It exports more than 1,000 pieces worldwide. Winner offers distinguished products at reasonable prices and is trusted by domestic and international customers, including those in Germany, Italy, Spain, Taiwan, Japan, Poland, and Austria. WISTRA GMBH +49 221-2820890 Wilhelm-Mauser-Strasse 41-43 Fax: +49 221-28208925 Koln 50827 Germany http://www.wistra.com info@wistra.com Wistra GmbH, part of the Cerinnov group, manufactures thermal equipment, sintering units, and turnkey plants and supplies the technical ceramics market with global performance solutions. It also revamps existing equipment. WYSSMONT CO 1470 Bergen Blvd Fort Lee NJ 07024 http://wyssmont.com sales@wyssmont.com +1 201-947-4600 Fax: +1 201-947-0324 Provides continuous equipment systems for drying, calcining, cooling, activating, regenerating, and solids handling (lump breakers, rotary air locks, multiple screw feeders). Observation ports available. Test facilities and in-plant rental units. XIAMEN INNOVACERA ADVANCED MATERIALS CO LTD +86 592-558-9730 Fax: +86 592-558-9733 A506-507 No 7 Yu\'nan Fourth Road Huli District Xiamen Fujian 361006 China http://www.innovacera.com sales@innovacera.com With more than 20 years experiences in technical ceramic solutions, Innovacera manufactures products made of technical ceramics for customer-specific applications. Products include metallized ceramic components, alumina ceramic heater, ceramic pump components, and other ceramic components. All of our products are underpinned by the most rigorous quality accreditation. www.ceramicsource.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 ZYP Coatings Inc XIAMEN UNIPRETEC CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD No 151 Yuehua Rd Huli District Xiamen Fujian 361006 China http://www.unipretec.com info@unipretec.com +86 592-551-0319 Unipretec is a professional manufacturer for advanced ceramics. Our materials include alumina ceramic, zirconia ceramic, boron nitride, and machinable glass ceramic. We aim to provide high quality products and solutions for our customers. YOUNG INDUSTRIES INC 16 Painter St Muncy PA 17756 http://younginds.com mktinfo@younginds.com +1 570-546-3165 Fax: +1 570-546-1888 Designs and manufactures process equipment, including size reduction and classification, mixing and blending, air pollution control, and pneumatic conveying systems. Operations include national sales network and engineering services. ZENITH No 416 Jianye Rd S Jinqiao Area Pudong Shanghai China 201206 +1 573-889-6795 http://www.miningplant.org info@miningplant.org We hold \"Pursuing the Zenith Technology and Quality\" as our management concept all the time. In addition to our full efforts, we rely on world-leading absorbing, crushing, and powder processing technology; advanced management; and a quality control system. ZHENGZHOU MISSION CERAMIC PRODUCTS CO LTD No 11 Zhengshang Rd Zhengzhou Henan 450000 China http://www.mscera.com frank@mscera.com +86 371-5668-9683 +86 371-6710-3091 We are a professional manufacturer of high purity alumina (99.7%) and zirconia tubes, rods, plates, balls, crucibles, boats, nozzles, and other custom-made special parts. Large quantity in stock, with very competitive prices. ZIBO GUANGTONG CHEMICAL CO LTD No 27 London Rd Qingdao Free Trade Zone +86 136-9765-7735 Fax: +86 532-8676-6180 Qingdao Shandong 266555 China http://www.gtchems.com sales@gtchems.com Zibo Guangtong Chemical is one of the leading manufacturers in China for diacids, diols, and zirconia products. Main products are zirconium compounds, including zirconium oxychloride (CAS No.: 7699-43-6), zirconium dioxide (CAS No.: 1314-23-4), and zirconium carbonate. ZILI USA LLC 149 Nichol Ave No 2 McKees Rocks PA 15136 http://www.zilialutech.com jsum@ziliref.com Zili USA is a subsidiary of Zhejiang Zili Alumina Materials Co Ltd, specializing in high-purity alumina materials development and manufacturing. Its products include tabular alumina, low sodium alumina, reactive alumina, and calcined alumina. With warehouses situated in the states, Zili has fully stocked inventories ready for shipment. Products are widely used in refractories, including sliding gate, purging plug brick, nozzles, well blocks, as well as kiln furniture, electronic industries, petrochemical industries, and ceramic industries. Zircar ZIRCAR CERAMICS INC 100 N Main St Florida NY 10921 https://www.zircarceramics.com ICERAMICS +1 845-651-0441 Zircar\'s broad product range includes Alumina, AluminaSilica and other refractory oxide fiber materials, heating elements, plus furnace insulation custom assemblies and accessories. They offer only the highest quality products in a wide variety of forms, shapes and sizes. Besides their standard product line, Zircar custom manufactures many one of a kind products to satisfy customers\' unique needs including furnace insulation, heating components and high temperature systems. ZIRCAR REFRACTORY COMPOSITES INC PO Box 489 Florida NY 10921 http://zrci.com sales@zrci.com +1 845-651-2200 Fax: +1 845-651-1515 ZIRCAR Refractory Composites, Inc., produces a comprehensive line of advanced high performance ceramicceramic composite materials and related products. Our materials are used around the world in the most demanding thermal, structural and electrical insulating applications ranging in temperatures from 600°C (1,112°F) to 2,200°C (3,992°F). For over thirty years, we have been a problemsolver working with our customers to resolve their thermal management problems. We have developed products that have become industry standards for induction melting, forging and heat treating applications, investment casting, glass processing, hot pressing, and high temperature electrical applications. Zircar ZIRCAR ZIRCONIA INC PO Box 287 Florida NY 10921 http://www.zircarzirconia.com sales@zircarzirconia.com +1 845-651-3040 Fax: +1 845-651-0074 For more than 40 years, Zircar has produced yttria stabilized zirconia, pure zirconia, alumina, ceria and yttria felts, cloths and rigid vacuum formed shapes for insulation in crystal growing, powder metal sintering, fuel cells, furnace construction, quartz working and filtration membranes. Our insulation products stand up to the hottest, most corrosive environments providing lasting solutions to your biggest challenges. ZIRCOA INC 31501 Solon Rd Solon OH 44139 http://zircoa.com sales@zircoa.com +1 440-248-0500 Fax: +1 440-248-8864 Zircoa tailors and manufactures zirconia products to meet extreme conditions in temperature, mechanical stress, and corrosion required to improve industrial processes. Examples of our products include a unique granular zirconia; crucibles for investment casting; refractories for steel, powder metallurgy, glass, quartz, crystal growth, and carbon black; beads and grinding media for dispersion and milling; dies for extrusion of nonferrous metals and other forming methods; and components for oil and gas. ZSCHIMMER & SCHWARZ 70 Georgia Hwy 22 W Milledgeville GA 31061 http://zschimmer-schwarz.com pcuthbertzsus@windstream.net +1 478-454-1942 Fax: +1 478-453-8854 Manufactures special chemical products for the ceramics industry. Plants in United States, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Brazil. Z-SYSTEMS USA INC 284 Monponsett St Ste 209 Halifax MA 02338 http://www.zsystemsusa.com support@zystems.com +1 781-754-6566 Fax: +1 781-754-6565 Expert for metal-free dental implants; ceramic implant systems Z-Look3 and Z-Look3 EVO are made of a special zirconia, ZrO,-TZP-A-Bio HIP; special production process fulfills requirements of implantology as well as metal-free and cosmetic dentistry. ZYP COATINGS INC 120 Valley Court Oak Ridge TN 37830 http://zypcoatings.com info@zypcoatings.com +1 865-482-5717 Fax: +1 865-482-1281 Produces specialized coating formulations, primarily refractory coating for reactive-metal melting and transport, high-temperature lubricants and release agents, and hightemperature marking inks. Worldwide sales. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 9 | www.ceramicsource.org 137 JOIN THE GROWING RANKS OF OUR CORPORATE PARTNERS! As of October 2021 The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Diamond Corporate Partners Corning Incorporated Harrop Industries, Inc Imerys Mo-Sci Corporation Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics Superior Technical Ceramics Sapphire Corporate Partners AGC Inc Almatis, Inc Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Central Ohio Technical College CeramTec GmbH CoorsTek Grow Platform GmbH- CERIX- A Bosch Company HarbisonWalker International Harper International II-VI Aerospace & Defense I Squared R Element Co., Inc KYOCERA International, Inc McDanel Advanced Ceramic Technologies LLC Monofrax LLC Specialty Glass, LLC Trans-Tech Inc Zircar Ceramics, Inc Corporate Partners 3DCERAM-SINTO Inc 3M Company Adamant Co Ltd AdValue Technology LLC Akron Porcelain & Plastics Company Allied Mineral Products, LLC ALTEO Gardanne AluChem, Inc American Elements APC International Ltd Applied Ceramics, Inc Applied Research Center Associated Ceramics & Technology Inc. Astral Material Industrial Co., LTD. 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Exothermics, Inc Ferro-Ceramic Grinding Inc Fineway Ceramics FIVEN AS Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies & Systems IKTS Free Form Fibers Fritsch Milling and Sizing, USA Inc Fusion Ceramics Inc Gasbarre Products (PTX Pentronix, Inc) GE Global Research Center General Shale Brick Inc GeoCorp, Inc Gorka Corporation Greenlee Diamond Tool Company Haiku Tech, Inc Henry Brick Hindalco Industries Limited Hitachi High Technologies America, Inc Höganäs Germany GmbH International Ceramic Engineering Ivoclar Vivadent AG Iwatani Corporation of America JADCO Manufacturing, Inc Japan Fine Ceramics Center Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Keith Company Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Kyanite Mining Corporation KYOCERA Corporation Lithoz America, LLC Lucideon Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Materials Research Furnaces, LLC Materion Ceramics Mohr Corporation Centorr Vacuum Industries, Inc Ceramco Inc Ceramic Color & Chemical Mfg. 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All Rights Reserved. 田 AMERICAN ELEMENTS yttrium iron garnet glassy carbon photonics THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURER ® fused quartz beamsplitters piezoceramics europium phosphors additive manufacturing ITO H 1.00794 Hydrogen transparent conductive oxides sol-gel process Li 6.941 Lithium Be 9.012182 Beryllium B C N raman substrates barium fluoride 10.811 Boron 12.0107 Carbon 14.0067 Nitrogen Oxygen zeolite anode oxides TiCN 11 19 Na 22.98976928 Sodium K 39.0983 Potassium 12 20 Mg 24.305 Magnesium Ca 40.078 Calcium 21 Sc 44.966912 Scandium 22 sapphire windows Ti 47.867 Titanium 24 V Cr Mn 50.9415 Vanadium Rb 85.4678 Rubidium 38 Sr Strontium 39 Y 88.90585 Yttrium Zr 91.224 Zirconium 41 Nb 92.90638 Niobium 87.62 56 Cs Ba La 132.9054 Cesium 138.90547 Lanthanum 137.327 Barium 89 72 88 Ra Ac 104 Hf 178.48 Hafnium Ta 180.9488 Tantalum 42 51.9961 Chromium 43 54.938045 Manganese 44 27 anti-ballistic Fe Co Ni Cu Zn 55.845 Iron 45 58.933195 Cobalt 46 58.6934 Nickel 47 63.546 Copper Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag 95.96 Molybdenum (98.0) Technetium 101.07 Ruthenium 106 W 183.84 Tungsten 107 77 65.38 Zinc 13 31 48 49 Cd 102.9055 Rhodium 106.42 Palladium 107.8682 Silver 112.411 Cadmium Re Os Ir 186.207 Rhenium 108 190.23 Osmium 105 Db Sg Bh Hs 192.217 Iridium Pt Au Hg 195.084 Platinum 111 196.966569 Gold 200.59 Mercury 2 112 Ds Rg Cn 81 III-IV semiconductors 113 Al 26.9815386 Aluminum Ga 69.723 Gallium 14 32 Si 28.0855 Silicon 15 33 bioimplants P 30.973762 Phosphorus Ge As 72.64 Germanium 74.9216 Arsenic 34 0 S 32.065 Sulfur Se 78.96 Selenium 17 In 114.818 Indium 50 Sn 118.71 Tin 51 Sb 121.76 Antimony Te Tellurium 53 TI 204.3833 Thallium Nh 114 Pb 207.2 Lead FI 115 Bi 208.9804 Bismuth 116 85 F 18.9984032 Fluorine CI 35.453 Chlorine Br 79.904 Bromine 126.90447 lodine Po At (209) Polonium Mc Lv 117 (210) Astatine 10 54 118 He 4.002602 Helium Ne 20.1797 Neon Ar 39.948 Argon Kr 83.798 Krypton Xe 131.293 Xenon Rn (222) Radon Ts Og 109 110 Rf Mt (226) Radium (227) Actinium (267) Rutherfordium (268) Dubnium (271) Seaborglum (272) Bohrium (270) Hassium (276) Meitnerium (281) Darmstadtium (280) (285) Roentgenium Copernicium (284) Nihonium (289) Flerovium (288) Moscovium (293) Livermorium (294) Tennessine ZnS 87 Fr (223) Francium Si3N4 quantum dots epitaxial crystal growth Ce Pr 140.116 Cerium 140.90765 Praseodymium Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd cerium oxide polishing powder Er Tm Yb 167.259 Erbium 168.93421 Thulium 91 Th Pa 92 144.242 Neodymium 93 (145) Promethium 94 150.36 Samarium 95 151.964 Europium 157.25 Gadolinium 97 Tb Dy Ho 158.92535 Terbium 162.5 Dysprosium 164.93032 Holmium Np Pu Am Cm Bk 100 101 102 Lu 173.054 Ytterbium 174.9668 Lutetium Es Fm Md No 103 Cf Lr 232.03806 Thorium 231.03588 Protactinium 238.02891 Uranium (237) Neptunium (244) (243) Plutonium Americium (247) Curium (247) Berkelium (251) Californium (252) Einsteinium (257) Fermium (258) Mendelevium (259) Nobellum (262) Lawrencium transparent ceramics SiALON GDC scintillation Ce:YAG sputtering targets deposition slugs MBE grade materials chalcogenides superconductors nanodispersions fuel cell materials TM (294) Oganesson YSZ ribbons silicates termet h-BN InGaAs rutile spintronics YBCO perovskites laser crystals CVD precursors Now Invent. 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