Celebrating 100 years AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY bulletin emerging ceramics & glass technology JUNE/JULY 2021 Student perspectives on facing uncertainty New issue inside: Ceramic Glass MANUFACTURING Materials Genome Initiative at 10 years | 2021-2022 ACerS Board members and directors PREPARING FOR CONTINGENCIES HELPED COMPANIES GROW DURING THE PANDEMIC THE ROCKY ROAD BACK TO \'LIVE IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC FROM A TRADE SHOW PERSPECTIVE When it comes to Heat, We Sweat the Details! Your firing needs are unique. So why use an “off the shelf” kiln in your process? At Harrop, we get it. That\'s why, for over a century, we\'ve been putting in the hard work to design and service custom kilns. Is it harder to do things this way? Yes. Is the extra effort worth it? You bet! At Harrop, we don\'t stop there. If you aren\'t sure what you need, we can help. Our laboratory can run tests to help identify your process boundaries. Through our toll firing facility, we can help to further define the equipment/ processing combination that works best for your material. And if you are not ready for a new kiln, we can toll fire your material to help meet your production needs. Does your current kiln company sweat the details? 1002 ANNIVERSARY 2019 th HARROP Fire our imagination www.harropusa.com 1.614.231.3621 contents feature articles Human Welfare Computational Tools Experimental Digital Data Tools Materials Innovation National Security Infrastructure 24 Clean Energy Next Generation June/July 2021 • Vol. 100 No.5 Materials Genome Initiative 10 years later: An interview with James Warren In this interview, James Warren of NIST talks about the Materials Genome Initiative\'s goals and successes and what the future holds. by Eileen De Guire department News & Trends Spotlight Research Briefs 32 3 10 22 Student perspectives on facing uncertainty Cover image credit: Mohammad Bagher Adib Behrooz, Unsplash columns Into the Bulletin Archives1960s...... by Lisa McDonald Business and Market View Text analytics: Global markets by BCC Publishing Staff 8 Chair\'s update on PCSA activities and welcome to the student ACerS Bulletin issue by Michael Walden Congressional Visits Day 2021 recap by Yolanda Natividad Embracing growth when experiments stall by Kimberly Gliebe Building confidence when facing the uncertainty of switching fields by Nathaniel Olson Finding jobs and traveling as an international student in the US by Iva Milisavljevic The two-body problem: Planning a career when married by Riley Winters Harnessing the potential energy of uncertainty by Elisa Zanchi Using themes to find comfort in uncertainty by Collin Holgate The difference in thinking between Chinese and German scientific research scholars when facing unknown challenges by Bo Chen Facing uncertainty in new types of jobs by Aubrey L. Fry Cover image Credit: Mohammad Bagher Adib Behrooz, Unsplash meetings MCARE 2021 combined with the 4th Annual Energy Harvesting Meeting. resources Calendar Classified Advertising Display Ad Index. Vol. 2-Ceramic & Glass Manufacturing Preparing for contingencies helped companies grow during the pandemic Ceramic Glass MANUFACTURING PREPARING FOR CONTINGENCIES HELPED COMPANIES GROW DURING THE PANDEMIC THE ROCKY ROAD BACK TO \"LIVE\": IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC FROM A TRADE SHOW PERSPECTIVE 42 44 62 64 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 1 AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY Obulletin Editorial and Production Eileen De Guire, Editor edeguire@ceramics.org Lisa McDonald, Associate Managing Editor Michelle Martin, Production Editor Tess Speakman, Senior Graphic Designer Editorial Advisory Board Darryl Butt, University of Utah Michael Cinibulk, Air Force Research Laboratory Michael Hill, Tev Tech Inc. Eliana Muccillo, IPEN-SP, Brazil Oomman Varghese, University of Houston Kelley Wilkerson, Missouri S&T Customer Service/Circulation ph: 866-721-3322 fx: 240-396-5637 customerservice@ceramics.org Advertising Sales National Sales Mona Thiel, National Sales Director mthiel@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5834 fx: 614-794-5822 Europe Richard Rozelaar media@alaincharles.com ph: 44-(0)-20-7834-7676 fx: 44-(0)-20-7973-0076 Executive Staff online www.ceramics.org June/July 2021 Vol. 100 No.5 in g+ f http://bit.ly/acerstwitter http://bit.ly/acerslink http://bit.ly/acersgplus http://bit.ly/acersfb http://bit.ly/acersrss As seen on Ceramic Tech Today... Video: NASA technology extracts from Martian atmosphere oxygen To achieve future manned missions to Mars, we must be able to extract oxygen from the Martian atmosphere. An experimental instrument aboard the Perseverance rover called MOXIE succeeded in extracting oxygen for the first time during a test on April 20. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech Mark Mecklenborg, Executive Director and Publisher mmecklenborg@ceramics.org Eileen De Guire, Director of Technical Publications and Communications edeguire@ceramics.org Marcus Fish, Development Director Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation mfish@ceramics.org Michael Johnson, Director of Finance and Operations mjohnson@ceramics.org Mark Kibble, Director of Information Technology mkibble@ceramics.org Sue LaBute, Human Resources Manager & Exec. Assistant slabute@ceramics.org Andrea Ross, Director of Meetings and Marketing aross@ceramics.org Kevin Thompson, Director of Membership kthompson@ceramics.org Officers Dana Goski, President Elizabeth Dickey, President-Elect Tatsuki Ohji, Past President Stephen Houseman, Treasurer Mark Mecklenborg, Secretary Board of Directors Mario Affatigato, Director 2018-2021 Darryl Butt, Director 2020-2023 Helen Chan, Director 2019-2022 Monica Ferraris, Director 2019-2022 William Headrick, Director 2019-2022 Eva Hemmer, Director 2020-2023 John Kieffer, Director 2018-2021 Makio Naito, Director 2020-2023 Jingyang Wang, Director 2018-2021 Stephen Freiman, Parliamentarian Read more at www.ceramics.org/MOXIE Also see our ACers journals... Artificial intelligence and machine learning in glass science and technology: 21 challenges for the 21st century By Ravinder, V. Venugopal, S. Bishnoi, et al. International Journal of Applied Glass Science Relationship of structure and mechanical property of silica with enhanced sampling and machine learning By Y. Deng, T. Du, and H. Li Journal of the American Ceramic Society Literature mining for alternative cementitious precursors and dissolution rate modeling of glassy phases By H. Uvegi, Z. Jensen, T. N. Hoang Journal of the American Ceramic Society Ceramic materials for energy conversion and storage: A perspective By O. Guillon International Journal of Ceramic Engineering & Science Journal Applied Ceramic American Ceramic Society TECHNOLOGY Slags (BPS) Cements Species CaO Other ashes Glasses Silica species T Grants Clays Fly ashes Alumina species Al,O, Applied Glass Ceramic Engineering SCIENCE Read more at www.ceramics.org/journals & Science American Ceramic Society Bulletin covers news and activities of the Society and its members, includes items of interest to the ceramics community, and provides the most current information concerning all aspects of ceramic technology, including R&D, manufacturing, engineering, and marketing. The American Ceramic Society is not responsible for the accuracy of information in the editorial, articles, and advertising sections of this publication. Readers should independently evaluate the accuracy of any statement in the editorial, articles, and advertising sections of this publication. American Ceramic Society Bulletin (ISSN No. 0002-7812). ©2021. Printed in the United States of America. ACerS Bulletin is published monthly, except for February, July, and November, as a \"dual-media\" magazine in print and electronic formats (www.ceramics.org). Editorial and Subscription Offices: 550 Polaris Parkway, Suite 510, Westerville, OH 43082-7045. Subscription included with The American Ceramic Society membership. Nonmember print subscription rates, including online access: United States and Canada, 1 year $135; international, 1 year $150.* Rates include shipping charges. International Remail Service is standard outside of the United States and Canada. * International nonmembers also may elect to receive an electronic-only, email delivery subscription for $100. Single issues, January-October/November: member $6 per issue; nonmember $15 per issue. December issue (ceramicSOURCE): member $20, nonmember $40. Postage/handling for single issues: United States and Canada, $3 per item; United States and Canada Expedited (UPS 2nd day air), $8 per item; International Standard, $6 per item. POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 550 Polaris Parkway, Suite 510, Westerville, OH 43082-7045. Periodical postage paid at Westerville, Ohio, and additional mailing offices. Allow six weeks for address changes. ACSBA7, Vol. 100, No. 5, pp 1- 64. All feature articles are covered in Current Contents. 2 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 news & trends Obstacles and opportunities to commercializing carbon capture and storage Carbon capture and storage, or CCS, is the process of trapping carbon dioxide and storing it in such a way that it cannot affect the atmosphere. Bipartisan members of Congress have for years looked favorably on and funded CCS technologies and policies, yet investment in CCS technology has to date yielded underwhelming results. \"The 2000s saw the largest U.S. push to commercialize the technology, with private industry and government investing tens of billions of dollars in dozens of industrial and power plant capture projects. Despite extensive support, the vast majority of these failed,\" researchers explain in a recent openaccess article. The researchers come from the University of California, San Diego, along with colleagues from Carleton University (Canada) and Imperial College London (U.K.). In a UC San Diego press release, they explain that with so much riding on CCS technol A coal-fired power station in Mannheim, Germany. Many governments expect carbon capture and storage technologies to play an important role in combatting carbon emissions, but to date investments in such technologies have yielded underwhelming results. Custom designed furnace systems for the energy communities. ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED www.dkfdllc.com Deltech Kiln and Furnace Design, LLC. American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 3 Credit: stanze, Flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0) Onews & trends 4 Table I. The 12 CCS project attributes that can be evaluated quantitatively in a replicable manner. Hypothesis statements summarize how attributes could positively impact the likelihood of project success. Credit: Abdulla et al., Environmental Research Letters (CC BY 4.0) Category Engineering economics Financial credibility Local political features Project attribute Plant siting Capture technology readiness level Capital cost Employment impact Hypothesis statement Locating on brownfield sites entails less site preparation, less extensive development of new infrastructure, and less regulatory burden. Deploying technologies already demonstrated at scale reduces technical, system integration, and project execution risks. Cheaper projects are easier to finance and overall carry less risk. Projects that improve local or regional economies through employment are more likely to form coalitions in their favor. Projects that can demonstrate credible revenue streams or reduce their uncertainty are more likely to succeed. Credibility of incentives Projects that secure a greater share of their cost are more likely to succeed. Incentives that are unconditional and upfront are more credible. Credibility of revenues Population proximity Institutional setting Burden of CO2 disposal Broader political Regulatory challenges features Public opposition Industrial stakeholder opposition Corporate Partner News Projects in sparsely populated locales are more likely to succeed because they encroach on fewer people and organized interests. Projects benefit from jurisdictions with a legacy of supporting fossil infrastructure and attendant institutional memory in applying policy and regulatory frameworks. Projects requiring less onerous arrangements for capture, storage, monitoring, and verification entail less risk. Projects that encounter neither legal difficulties nor regulatory delays are more likely to succeed. Projects that enjoy support from environmental or civil society groups are more likely to succeed. Projects where concentrated industrial stakeholders align strategically with the developer are more likely to succeed. ALLE FACTORY PRETS PVT. LTB Allied Refractory Products India celebrates 10th anniversary Allied Refractory Products India celebrated its 10th anniversary in April. The facility in Sanand, Ahmedabad district manufactures high-quality refractory products to the same standards used at its headquarters in Columbus, Ohio. Since establishing itself in India in 2011, Allied saw significant growth in the refractory industry practices. During the early years, most foundries used sand in their holding and transfer ladles. Allied provided a more efficient way of transferring metals using monolithics to extend lining life and reduce cost. Allied also was a pioneer in introducing a range of premixed, boron oxide-silica-based linings for coreless induction furnaces, melting cast iron and ductile-base iron. One of Allied\'s most innovative technologies for the region is its large grain silica technology. Additionally, Allied introduced high alumina, spinel linings to replace the traditional method of using local magnesia. Learn more at www.alliedmineral.com. 100 ogy, \"Policy design is essential to help commercialize the industry because CCS projects require a huge amount of capital up front.” However, to design good policy, it is necessary to understand why investments in CCS projects to date have such a high failure rate. Historically, studies on CCS failures and successes relied on analyzing CCS projects individually or in small studies. The researchers for this study, though, chose to robustly analyze 39 projects selected from the U.S. Department of Energy\'s National Energy Technology Laboratory database. They used a linear regression model and a random forest model to identify functional relationships between 12 project attributes (see Table I) to project outcome. They also conducted an invitational workshop with CCS experts to learn their thoughts on each attribute\'s relative importance. Three attributes emerged as significant variables across both the statistical models and expert-derived model. 1. Capital cost: Projects with larger capital costs are more likely to fail. 2. Technological readiness: High levels of readiness improve the chances of project success. 3. Credibility of project revenues: More credible sources strongly increase odds of project success. CM Furnaces celebrates 75th anniversary CM Furnaces is currently celebrating its 75th anniversary. The company was started in 1946, primarily serving the lighting, molybdenum, and tungsten industry. It has grown since that time, providing furnaces for 12 different industries worldwide. CM is a major producer of laboratory and production furnaces for numerous applications. 100 Learn more at www.cmfurnaces.com. Furnaces ne 75 1946 Blanmfield 2021 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 On the other hand, three different attributes witnessed disagreement among models. 1. Regulatory challenges: While both statistical models found this attribute to be the fourth most important in explaining project outcome, experts ranked it seventh in importance. Analysis of the historical record suggests that projects that face permit denials, extended regulatory proceedings, or lawsuits are more likely to fail. 2. Employment impact: This attribute is important in the random forest model but not statistically significant in the linear regression; the experts judged it to be largely irrelevant. Analysis of the historical record reveals projects that propose more extravagant plans to improve economies through employment are those that are expensive, highprofile, and high-risk-all factors that increase odds of failure. 2 3. Burden of CO, disposal: Experts ranked this attribute fourth of 12 in importance, whereas it is insignificant in the statistical models. The experts stated that the visibility of documentary evidence (which the statistical models focus on) inherently ignores the groundwork that disposal requires on the part of project developers. A fourth attribute-credibility of incentives-was significant for both the linear regression and expert-derived models, but not in the random forest. However, the linear regression and expert-derived models felt incentives were significant for different reasons. The linear regression model found an inverse relationship between incentives and project outcome-successful projects rely less on incentives than those that fail. \"Projects with high price tags have generally received government incentives; they are flagship, high-profile, sometimes high-risk, demonstration projects. It is precisely these types of projects that often fail,... By contrast, projects that succeed are smaller, less costly, and rely less on incentives,\" the researchers write. Nonetheless, CCS experts argue incentives are essential to successfully commercializing CCS technologythough not necessarily in the form of funding for specific projects. \"In other words, experts believe that it is not direct support for the CCS industry that will lead to the largest volumes of CO₂ capture; rather, what matters most are incentives that encourage systematic decarbonization, such as government procurement of decarbonized industrial products or a broad low-carbon fuel standard,\" the researchers write. The open-access paper, published in Environmental Research Letters, is \"Explaining successful and failed investments in U.S. carbon capture and storage using empirical and expert assessments\" (DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abd19e). 100 A Deltech Furnaces An ISO 9001:2015 certified company KI Control Systems are Intertek certified UL508A compliant www.deltechfurnaces.com Please join us in supporting the Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 5 O bulletin timeline By Lisa McDonald Into the Bulletin Archives-A look back at our 100 years in print Since May 1922, the ACerS Bulletin has served the ACerS community, providing them updates on member news, Division meetings, and the latest research in ceramics and glass. In celebration of Volume 100 this year, the Bulletin editorial team is running a special column in each issue of the 2021 Bulletin that looks at the history of the Bulletin by decade. This issue highlights the 1960s. We hope you enjoy following the journey of the Bulletin from its early years to today. As an ACerS member, you have access to all 100 years of the Bulletin on the Bulletin Archive Online at https://bulletin-archive.ceramics.org. 100 Into the Bulletin Archives-1960s The Bulletin regularly featured a buyer\'s guide section since the 1930s, but the first instance of an annual ceramic company directory appeared in the January 1964 issue. About 1,000 companies were listed in the first edition; by the end of the decade, the sixth edition contained about 1,300. While the use of big data for materials design is a hot topic in current times (see page 24 for our interview on the Materials Genome Initiative), INT 13 KYANITE MINING CORP. OLDEST PRODUCERS KYA CONC VICE ALO 96 Credit: ACers Bulletin (June 1969) Vol. 48 Iss. 6, p. 638 1960s Telephone Number 4 TWX Number While ACers held exhibitions at its meetings before (see May 1922, p. 10), the first Annual Exposition took place at the 71st Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C. The exposition contained displays by 116 participating companies. Example: 1 Company Name 2 Address JONES CLAY PRODUCTS CO. (A) 268-8645 (614) 614-759-0014 4055 N. High St., Columbus, Ohio 43214 Manufacturers of high grade stiff mud face brick and shale commons; reds, buffs; beiges, pinks, blacks, and grays; standard and Norman brick. Plants in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and California. Lester Jones (R); Arthur Steele (S-T); Peter Lynn (Plant Manager); Don Brewster (SM); George Kline (PA); Bill Smith (AM). E: 430 5 Description of Company 6 Names and Titles of Officials 7 Number of Employees Credit: ACers Bulletin (January 1964) Vol. 43 Iss. 1, p. 38. the use of computers to accelerate research was just beginning to take hold in the 1960s. This budding trend can be tracked throughout the Bulletins of this decade. For example, ⚫ July 1966: Announcement for a joint seminar on the application of computers and computer technol ogy in the ceramic industry, to be held by the National Institute of Ceramic Engineers and the Ceramic Educational Council. (p. 675) • March 1968: A summary of the Northern Ohio Section\'s technical session on the use of computers by ceramic producers (p. 321) and an article on using computers to perform whiteware control tests (pp. 287-291). • June 1968: Several articles exploring the use of computers for materials design, including one on using computerized process control for ferrite core manufacturing (pp. 569-571) and one on using computers to process data in production of glass containers (pp. 576-577). The role of computers in emerging space applications also made an appearance in the August 1962 issue, in an article discussing ceramic-metal science and technology in the Space Age. \"It appears then that Materials Science looms large as we face the challenge of the \'space age.\' It is indeed already in action. Computers take data on properties of materials and conditions to be met and solve (let us hope) the problems of what to use. Speaking of computers, Richard Hamming of the Bell Telephone Laboratories recently suggested (as quoted from Space Age News) that processes required to program a problem for a computer can illuminate methods of solving the problem by pointing out An example listing that shows companies how their information will be presented in the new ceramic company directory. CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 details and techniques previously overlooked without actually utilizing the computer.\" -ACerS Bulletin, Vol. 41., Iss. 8., August 1962 (p. 524) The Society added one Division and changed the name of another during the 1960s. The Enamel Division was renamed Ceramic-Metal Systems to better represent the Division\'s expanding interests, as detailed in the November 1961 issue. Four years later, the Nuclear Division was established in December 1965. The February 1966 issue explains that the Board received a petition to create a Nuclear Division in September 1959, but it wasn\'t until July 1965 that the proposal was considered and approved. The biggest shakeup to the Society took place in 1969, when the Board thoroughly revised and updated the Constitution and Bylaws. The March 1969 issue provides a detailed guide listing the changes approved for adoption, contingent upon acceptance by the members. Some of the notable changes include • Article III, Membership: Qualifications for the grades of membership are moved from the Constitution to DIVISIONS OF THE SOCIETY During the 1960s, the Society had 10 Divisions. • Basic Science • Electronics • Ceramic-Metal Systems (previously Enamel) • Glass • Materials and Equipment • Nuclear (new) • Design the Bylaws, leaving only the grades of membership listed in the Constitution. • Article VI, Nominations and elections: Constitutional provision barring the president-elect from serving on the Nominating Committee, thus making it • Refractories • Structural Clay Products • White Wares impossible for them to take part in the choice of their successor. • Article X, Divisions: Prohibition against voting or holding office simultaneously in more than one Division. A world leader in bioactive and custom glass solutions Mo-Sci offers a wide variety of custom glass solutions and will work with you to create tailored glass materials to match your application. Contact us today to discuss your next project. mo-sci.com/contact Glass \"Glass and You\"; 28 min, 16mm, sound, color. The story of glass, from its beginning 75,000 years ago to its tremendous contribution to art, the sciences, and industry today. (8) \"Magic Fiber\"; 14 min, 16mm, sound, color. The manufacturing of fiberglass reinforced plastic. (9) \"Old to New in Glass\"; 22 min, 16mm, sound, color. Illustrates the glass industry from beginning to today\'s products. (9) \"Success Story\"; 28 min, 16mm, sound, b/w. Shows. facilities and production at Owens-Corning Fiberglas. (9) \"To Greater Vision\"; 28 min, 16mm, sound, b/w. The story of the manufacturing of glass used in optical instruments and eyewear. (10) \"Sealed in Glass\"; 27 min, 16mm, sound, b/w. An award winning film which traces the history of glass. containers. (13) \"Space Building for Man\"; 25 min, 16mm, sound, color. The installation of thermopane in new buildings. (14) Several times throughout the 1960s, the Bulletin published a list of films pertaining to ceramics and related fields. The list was a continuing project of the Missouri Chapter of Keramos. The number following each film indicates the distributor who offered it. Credit: ACerS Bulletin (July 1966) Vol. 45 Iss. 7, p. 676 mo.sci CORPORATION www.mo-sci.com .573.364.2338 ISO 9001:2008 • AS9100C @moscicorp f @MoSciCorp linkedin.com/company/moscicorp in American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 7 business and market view A regular column featuring excerpts from BCC Research reports on industry sectors involving the ceramic and glass industry. bcc Research Text analytics: Global markets By BCC Publishing Staff Tex ext analytics is the practice of using technology to gather, store, and mine textual information to translate large volumes of unstructured text into quantitative data to uncover insights, trends, and patterns that can be used to inform smarter business decisions. BCC offers two ways for you to learn about this important topic, through their full-length report and a shorter innovation spotlight. Highlights from the report The text analytics market is expected to grow from $5.9 billion in 2020 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23.0% to reach $16.6 billion in 2025. Drivers for this market include • The rise in adoption of predictive analytics and sentiment analytics by various industries, • Continuous improvements in language processing algorithms, and • Increasing attractiveness of social media analytics. Restraints for this market include • Dearth of technical expertise and technological awareness, and • Data security and privacy issues. Globally, retail and travel businesses are the two lead runners, followed by healthcare, in the implementation of text analytics. In the past year, however, the COVID-19 pandemic further propelled the market for text analytics in the life sciences and healthcare industries, which needed to analyze research documents from all over the world across different languages to come up with new drugs or courses of treatment. 80 Table 1. Text analytics processing technologies Technology Statistical technique Linguistic technique Machine learning Details Computers that use statistical pattern learning to classify and reveal patterns such as entities, intents, and relationship in text. Linguistic pattern recognition using rules hand-coded for each use case, domain, or language. Subject matter experts, or crowdsourcing platforms, create labelled training data that an algorithm uses to identify patterns in the data. Capabilities • More efficient/cost-effective • • • • Hybrid approach A mix of all of the above technologies. • Highlights from the innovation spotlight The innovation spotlight for text analytics includes an interview with Megaputer Intelligence Inc. (Bloomington, Indiana), a developer of data and text mining software. An excerpt of the interview is below. than manually coding rules. Proactively surfaces new patterns in data. Self-learning. Language independent. Good user control. Results are easy to interpret. • Can check and correct spelling/grammar. Highest accuracy. • Lower efforts than creating linguistic rules. • Results are easy to interpret. Training data is a high-effort, high-cost process. BCC: Where do you see text analytics taking the industry in 15 years? Megaputer: In 10-15 years, we will see the advent of new hardware tools that use different physical principles of operation and different logic of their organization that will be much more similar to the operation of the human brain. Simultaneously, additional research will reveal new ways to train text analysis systems to make the depth, accuracy, and speed of their analysis similar to those of a human. Text analytics and voice analytics will be combined in a single field: when processing voice data the new tools will be preforming simultaneous analysis of the tone and content of the data. New techniques for analyzing images and streaming video data will help with building multi-media data analysis solutions that will CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Applies each technology to different parts of the text analytics process and therefore shares a similar strength. Adoption challenges Requires efforts to make insights actionable, as patterns can be unintuitive or be statistical artifacts. • No grammar check available for text. Costly to update with new rules. • Low accuracy as patterns miss alternate phrasings or capture unrelated text. • Not self-learning/improving. • Models are often opaque. • No grammar checks are available for text. • Applies each technology to different parts of the text analytics process and therefore shares the same cautions. be integrating data received through different channels. We will see an increasing number of operations automated through the use of Al-based text analytics solutions. And before long, we might be forced to rethink our own position and even purpose in the new world where machines become capable of performing yet more intelligent operations that previously could be handled only by humans. About the author BCC Publishing Staff provides comprehensive analyses of global market sizing, forecasting, and industry intelligence, covering markets where advances in science and technology are improving the quality, standard, and sustainability of businesses, economies, and lives. Contact the staff at info@bccresearch.com. Resources BCC Publishing Staff, \"Text Analytics: Global Markets\" BCC Research Report IFT221A, April 2021. BCC Publishing Staff, “Innovation Spotlight: Megaputer: Text Analytics\" BCC Research Report IFT225A, April 2021. www.bccresearch.com. 100 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 World A of and Science submit your abstract before July 31, 2021 PACRIM 4TH PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE Technology ON CERAMIC AND GLASS TECHNOLOGY including Glass & Optical Materials Division Meeting (GOMD 2021) Dec. 12-17, 2021 | Hyatt Regency Vancouver | Vancouver, BC, Canada ceramics.org/pacrim14 Organizing Chair: Michael C. Halbig, NASA Glenn Research Center michael.c.halbig@nasa.gov The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org ●acers spotlight SOCIETY DIVISION Welcome new ACerS corporate partners ACerS is pleased to welcome its newest Corporate Partners: GE Global Research - PRCO America Inc SECTION - Shandong Shengquan New Materials Co., Ltd CHAPTER - Synthera Biomedical Private, Ltd To learn about the benefits of ACerS corporate partnership, contact Kevin Thompson, NEWS membership director, at (614) 794-5894 or kthompson@ceramics.org. 100 ceramic Tech chat ine American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org www.ceramics.org/ceramic-tech-chat Ceramic Tech Chat guests highlight ACerS international scope Hosted by ACerS Bulletin editors, Ceramic Tech Chat talks with ACerS members to learn about their unique and personal stories of how they found their way to careers in ceramics. New episodes publish the second Wednesday of each month. In the April episode of Ceramic Tech Chat, Rattikorn Yimnirun, dean of the School of Energy Science and Engineering at Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, and his colleagues Naratip Vittayakorn and Jakrapong Kaewkhao discuss the current state of the ceramics industry in Thailand, how they cofounded the Thailand Chapter of ACerS, and what role they see the Chapter playing in the country\'s local ceramic community. In the May episode of Ceramic Tech Chat, Scott McCormack, assistant professor of materials science and engineering at the University of California, Davis, discusses how he overcame learning challenges during his elementary school years, how he helps his own students learn the sometimes scary topic of thermodynamics, and his experience setting up a university research program as a young professor. Listen to Yimnirun and McCormack\'s interviews and all of our other Ceramic Tech Chat episodes at http://ceramictechchat.ceramics. org/974767. 100 Ceramics in Thailand: Rattikorn Yimnirun and colleagues Thermodynamics in the classroom and lab: Scott McCormack 10 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Remembering Della Roy, Distinguished Life Member and Fellow Della M. Roy, ACerS Distinguished Life Member and FACerS, died March 27, 2021, at age 94. She was a Pennsylvania State University emeritus professor of materials science, founding member of the Penn State Materials Research Laboratory (now the Materials Research Institute), and research professor at Arizona State University. \"Della was one of our true pioneers in materials,\" says Clive Randall, FACerS, director of MRI and distinguished professor of materials science and engineering. \"Her research gave her many accolades in the past, but it also laid down the foundation for the development of lower-CO₂ emission production methods of cements, which are critical to creating future infrastructure with lower climate impact.” Roy was born Nov. 3, 1926, as Della Marie Martin in Merrill, Oregon. After graduating high school at age 16, she enrolled at the University of Oregon, where she earned a bachelor\'s degree in chemistry in 1947. From there, she went to Penn State, receiving her master\'s degree in minerology in 1949. During her graduate work, she shared an office and lab with fellow graduate student Rustum Roy, who also became a significant figure in materials research as a Penn State professor and founding member of the MRL. They married in June 1948, a marriage that spanned 62 years until Rustum\'s death in 2010. Roy was known for her work in advanced concrete materials for pavements, chemically bonded cements, ancient cement-based building materials, and high-temperature cements for geothermal wells. Her patents range from porous biomaterials for bone repair to methods for radioactive storage. Other areas of research include chemically bonded ceramics, crystal growth and crystal chemistry, and phase equilibria. Della Roy\'s Penn State career inspired other female scientists, and her work led to a series of pioneering moments for women in STEM. In 1987, she was the first female materials scientist and the first Penn State woman to be inducted into the National Academy of Engineering. With Rustum Roy\'s induction into the NAE in 1973, the Roys were the first spousal couple to be so honored. In 1971 she cofounded the journal Cement and Concrete, the first in its field, and served as its editor until 2005. She authored more than 400 publications and was the first woman elected to the World Academy of Ceramics. She received the ACerS Jeppson Medal in 1982 and the Cements Division L.E. Copeland Award in 1987. She was an honorary member of the Institute for Concrete Technology and a recipient of the first annual Golden Goose Award, given by Congress to honor federally funded research leading to major breakthroughs in scientific, technological, medical, public health, and other fields of benefit to the public. The legacy of the Roys as leaders in science continues through the Rustum and Della Roy Innovation in Materials Research Award at Penn State to honor interdisciplinary materials research that yields innovative and unexpected results. Three awards are granted annuallytwo graduate student awards and one postdoctoral or junior faculty award. Memorial contributions to the award fund may be made to Penn State\'s Office of Donor and Member Services. Roy is survived by two sons, their wives, and two grandchildren. Adapted from a Penn State Materials Research Institute obituary by Jamie Calvin Oberdick published April 9, 2021. https:// www.mri.psu.edu/mri/news/penn-statemourns-loss-della-roy 100 TT TevTech Materials Processing Solutions CUSTOM DESIGNED VACUUM FURNACES FOR CVD AND CVI Unsurpassed thermal and deposition uniformity Exceptional Automated control systems providing consistent quality product Pilot Scale systems available for rapid product development Systems installed and operating in Asia, U.S. and Europe ASME SETTING THE STANDARG ASME SECTION VIII BPVC CERTIFIED OVER 125 YEARS EXPERIENCE www.tevtechllc.com American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org 100 Billerica Ave Billerica, MA 01862 sales@tevtechllc.com Call (978) 667-4557 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 11 12 acers spotlight more Meet the 2021-2022 officers and Board members SOCIETY DIVISION SECTION CHAPTER NEWS FOR MORE INFORMATION: ceramics.org President-elect Mathur SANJAY MATHUR Director and chair Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Cologne Cologne, Germany ACerS has played a decisive role in the formation of my professional career and in the propagation of my research interests in ceramic and glass. Therefore, it is a privilege to seek the support of the membership to serve The American Ceramic Society as the president-elect. My engagement with ACerS has shown me the strength of productive and ever-lasting global networks, which forms the basis of my aspiration. Inheriting the strong legacy of the past presidents and other leaders and mentors with whom I had served the Society in different capacities, I am committed to making ACerS membership more valuable to all ceramics and glass professionals worldwide. The post-pandemic phase will bring new paradigms in scientific communities that will affect our operations, and it is crucial that the Society stays agile to respond to emerging challenges and to maintain its attractiveness as the first stop address for professionals in the field. In this context, ACerS\' professional networks and global partnerships are more relevant than ever to promote its vision and mission of being an inclusive organization. The diversity reflected in our membership portfolio brings new opportunity to expand our human network through dynamic local sections and vibrant international chapters. One of the flagship activities of the Society includes the journals and Bulletin, and I will work with the editors to increase the visibility and impact of our scientific publications. I will strive to focus on the educational and professional priorities of our younger members across the globe and across backgrounds by implementing new volunteering and reward programs. I will contribute to the core mission of ACerS by intensifying cooperation across all divisions of ACerS and with other international professional societies. My core belief is that continuing progress in ceramic and glass industries is imperative for addressing some of the most pressing needs of our planet in the energy, mobility, and health sectors, and therefore strengthening industry-academia partnerships will be an absolute priority of my term. I believe that The American Ceramic Society, with its strong industrial base and association with Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation, is well-positioned to create a global network of corporate members and to be proactive in scientific advocacy, which I will make a priority by interacting with international scientific organizations. Over the years, ACerS generously rewarded my volunteering engagements, and should I get the opportunity to serve as the ACerS president, I will work hard to reciprocate my enriching experiences and will continue my campaign for bringing new perspective of internationalization and diversity to make ACerS a home society for our members and to support career advancement of young professionals. Directors Breder KRISTIN BREDER Senior principal scientist Saint-Gobain Research North America Northborough, Mass. ACerS has been my primary professional organization for most of my career. I have experience from working on ceramic research in industry, national labs, and academia in three different countries. CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 ACerS has given me the opportunity to network, attend conferences, publish, and participate in committees. I would like to take my experience to the Board to contribute to strengthening and growing ACerS as a preferred professional organization for industrial and academic professionals alike. I would like to contribute to the opportunities for members to be able to participate and exchange research and ideas. I also think it is important that students discover the many options for doing industrial research. A stronger organization is a more diverse organization. I would like to work on that aspect, to make everyone not only feel that they belong in ACerS but that they belong in our profession. Increasing diversity will require welcoming and acceptance of new groups of professionals. I would like to explore collaborations with organizations whose mission it is to increase diversity in the STEM fields. Ceramics research and education in the U.S. have traditionally been very strong; however, a continued focus is needed to keep the field active and relevant. I would like to see ACerS collaborating with other professional groups and organizations like the National Science Foundation to push for a better national strategy for ceramics research in the U.S. Graeve OLIVIA A. GRAEVE University of California, San Diego Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Director of the CaliBaja Center for Resilient Materials and Systems Faculty director of the IDEA Engineering Student Center San Diego, Calif. I joined the American Ceramic Society in 1997 as a doctoral student and became immediately involved with the local Northern California Section, which provided a great deal of encouragement and support for my doctoral work. This early interaction shaped my views about ceramic science and engineering and what it means to work in this field as a scientist, but also as an advocate for the field, especially among underrepresented minorities and women. As a member of the Society\'s Board of Directors, I plan to work closely with the entire Board to develop and implement new advocacy strategies, especially those that will nurture and grow the next generation of diverse ceramic scientists. During the past six years, it has been my privilege to serve as director of UC San Diego\'s IDEA Inclusion, Diversity, Excellence, and Achievement Engineering Student Center. During this time, I have been responsible for establishing a strategic plan for the IDEA Center; implementing a variety of new programs in support of all engineering students, including the Engineering Learning Communities, the Summer Engineering Institute, and the Academic Achievement Program, among many others; and to champion and help promote the success of underserved students. From these experiences I learned about developing human resources; establishing effective collaborations among staff, faculty, and students; implementing actionable agendas that inspire and motivate; and defining purposeful visions that support students in the best possible way. It is my hope to offer these experiences and acquired skills to the Society by serving on the Board. Jiang SHIBIN JIANG President and CEO AdValue Photonics Inc. Tucson, Ariz. As an active ACerS member since 1993, I served in various societal and divisional capacities. I integrated my professional career with The American Ceramic Society. My professional career and my businesses benefit significantly from ACerS while I devoted time and resource to ACerS as a volunteer. I am enthusiastic about the potential growth and the continued success of ACerS, and I am willing to contribute more to ACerS. It is a privilege to be considered for the Board of Directors. To ensure ACerS as a long-term, global leading professional society, one of the key issues is to further strengthen the collaboration among students and professionals in both academia and industries in the world. My industrial and academic working experiences and multinational background enable an in-depth understanding of each part\'s needs and concerns, which can help ACerS to plan and foster initiatives and professional outreach that will advance ACerS\' mission and organizational growth. As a member of the Board of Directors, I will contribute my time, experiences, and resources to ACerS long-term and short-term plans and strategies. Specifically, I would devote my energy toward (i) enhancing industrial participation in ACerS activities, especially for exhibits at various ACerS meetings, which can improve industrial and academic interactions and generate more revenue for ACerS; (2) broadening technical conferences coverage to drive ACerS become more relevant in the world of materials science and engineering; (3) raising funds to support more young professionals, especially students, to attend ACerS conferences and encouraging them to be actively involved in ACerS activities at different levels; (4) developing new joint technical conferences with other societies such as SPIE, OSA, and IEEE to promote materials applications; (5) strengthening international collaborations with other countries to ensure ACerS long-term global leadership. 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 13 acers spotlight more 2021-2022 ACers officers SOCIETY DIVISION SECTION CHAPTER NEWS IN MEMORIAM Ronald Caporali Mark J. Davis Robert DeVries Lyle Ramon Iles Haber Kirby Nesbitt Michel Poulain Della Roy Some detailed obituaries can also be found on the ACerS website, www.ceramics.org/in-memoriam. The new slate of ACerS officers for 2021-2022 has been determined. There were no contested offices and no write-in candidates, automatically making all nominees “elected.\" ACerS rules eliminate the need to prepare a ballot or hold an election when only one name is put forward for each office. The new term will begin Oct. 21, 2021, at the conclusion of ACerS Annual Meeting at MS&T. ACerS President-elect To serve a one-year term from Oct. 21, 2021, to Oct. 13, 2022 Sanjay Mathur ACers Board of Directors To serve three-year terms from Oct. 21, 2021, to October 2024 Kristin Breder Olivia Graeve Shibin Jiang Division and Class Officers To serve a one-year term Oct. 21, 2021, to Oct. 13, 2022, unless otherwise noted Art, Archaeology and Conservation Science Division Chair: Marie Jackson Vice chair: Jamie Weaver Secretary: Christina Bisulca Treasurer: Fumie Iizuka Trustee: Darryl Butt Basic Science Division Chair: Yiquan Wu Chair-elect: Wolfgang Rheinheimer Vice chair: Edwin García Secretary: Amanda Krause Secretary-elect: Ricardo Castro Bioceramics Division Chair: Ashutosh Goel Chair-elect: Bikramjit Basu Vice chair: Kalpana Katti Secretary: Annabel Braem Cements Division Chair: Shiho Kawashima Chair-elect: Dimitri Feys Secretary: Wil V. Srubar III Trustee: Jeffrey Thomas Education and Professional Development Council Co-chair: Ashley Hilmas, 2021-2022 Co-chair: TBD Electronics Division Chair: Claire Xiong Chair-elect: Jenny Andrew Vice chair: Ed Gorzkowski Secretary: Matjaz Spreitzer Secretary-elect: Elizabeth Paisley Trustee: Steven Tidrow Energy Materials and Systems Division Division chair: Kyle Brinkman Vice chair: Krista Carlson Secretary: Eva Hemmer Program committee chair: Yang Bai Engineering Ceramics Division Chair: Hisayuki Suematsu Chair-elect: Palani Balaya Vice chair/Treasurer: Thomas Fisher Secretary: Jie Zhang Trustee: Michael Halbig Parliamentarian: Dileep Singh Glass & Optical Materials Division Chair: Gang Chen Chair-elect: Joseph Ryan Vice chair: Irene Peterson Secretary: Michelle Korwin-Edson Manufacturing Division Chair: William Headrick Chair-elect: Weston Wright Vice chair: Ashley Hampton Secretary: Joseph Szabo Counselor: William Carty Refractory Ceramics Division (term begins March 2021) Chair: Dawn Hill Vice chair: Kelley Wilkerson Secretary: Robert Hunter Program chair: Austin Scheer Trustee: Louis J. Trostel, Jr. Structural Clay Products Division (term begins March 2021) Chair: Jed Lee Chair-elect: Holly Rohrer Vice chair: Jim Krueger Secretary: Bryce Switzer Trustee: John Dowdle 100 14 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Volunteer spotlight ACerS Volunteer Spotlight profiles a member who demonstrates outstanding service to the Society. Julian Jones is professor of biomaterials at Imperial College London. His research group focuses on 3D-printed biomaterials for regenerative medicine (bone, cartilage, wound healing) and bioactive nanoparticles for cancer therapy. In addition to his role as chair of the Bioceramics Division, Jones serves on ACerS Panel of Fellows, and he is chair of the 2021 Ross Coffin Purdy Award subcommittee. He also served the International Commission on Glass as chair of TC04 (Bioglasses) and as a member of the Coordinating Technical Committee, where he is currently vice-chair. Jones Jones was named an ACerS Fellow in 2015 and is a Fellow of the Society for Glass Technology. His awards include an International Society for Ceramics in Medicine Excellence Award, the Vittorio Gottardi Award from the International Commission on Glass, and the ACerS Robert L. Coble Award. Chris Perry is president of both Christy Refractories and Industrial Services. Previously, he held the role of vice president of engineering with additional responsibilities for R&D and quality control. He began his career at Christy Refractories as an application engineer and holds a Bachelor of Science degree in ceramic engineering from Missouri University of Science and Technology. Perry Perry has been active with ACerS since 2014. He served as the chair of the St. Louis Section for the past three years. He previously held the vice-chair and secretary positions. Perry also volunteered with the planning and coordination of the annual St. Louis Section/Refractory Ceramics Division annual refractories symposium. We extend our deep appreciation to Jones and Perry for their service to our Society! 100 ACers Dayton/Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Section announces new leadership New officers were elected March 4, 2021, at the annual meeting of the ACerS Dayton/Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Section. The section also established a Social Outreach position. Congratulations and welcome to the new officers. President: Derek King - Treasurer: Kara Martin - Secretary: Ashley Hilmas Social Outreach: Tulsi Patel 100 Names in the news Members-Would you like to be included in the Bulletin\'s Names in the News? Please send a current head shot along with the link to the article to mmartin@ceramics.org. The deadline is the 30th of each month. Padture Nitin Padture, Otis E. Randall University Professor of Engineering and the director of the Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, was presented the Presidential Faculty Award at Brown University on April 8. Cato T. Laurencin, Van Dusen Distinguished Professor at The University of Connecticut, was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Laurencin is the first surgeon in history to be elected to the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Medicine, the National Academy of Sciences, and the National Academy of Inventors. 100 Laurencin Starbar and Moly-D elements are made in the U.S.A. with a focus on providing the highest quality heating elements and service to the global market. 56 years of service and reliability 1²R ISQUARED RELEMENT I Squared R Element Co., Inc. Phone: (716)542-5511 Email: sales@isquaredrelement.com www.isquaredrelement.com American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 15 acers spotlight more ACerS Colorado Section hosted a proposal writing webinar on April 28 Amy Brice, proposal coordinator at Colorado School of Mines, shared a methodical SOCIETY approach to proposal development for any funding opportunity. Access a recording to the webinar as well as links to valuable resources at https://ceramics.org/sections/colorado. 100 Mentoring opportunities available to Colorado Section members DIVISION SECTION CHAPTER membership to ACers. The deadline for the program is May 30. Applications are located NEWS The ACers Colorado Section Mentorship Program connects professionals and students. The first 20 graduate students to sign up for a mentor will receive TWO FREE years of at https://ceramics.org/sections/colorado. Sign up for a mentor or a mentee today! This program is only available to members residing in the Colorado Section. 100 AWARDS DEADLINES Division Basic Science AND Award Nomination Deadline Roland B. Snow/ Ceramographic Competition October 8 Basic Science Graduate Excellence in Materials Science (GEMS) August 15 Bioceramics Young Scholar July 1 Bioceramics Global Young Bioceramicist July 1 Go Q Bioceramics Larry L. Hench Lifetime Achievement July 1 Bioceramics Tadashi Kokubo July 1 Engineering Ceramics Jubilee Global Diversity July 1 Engineering Ceramics James I. Mueller Lecture July 1 Engineering Ceramics Global Young Investigator July 1 16 FOR MORE Engineering Ceramics INFORMATION: GOMD ceramics.org/members/awards CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Bridge Building July 31 Norbert J. Kreidl Award for Young Scholars July 31 www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Northern California Section Young Professionals Seminars The Northern California Section began hosting weekly webinars with young professionals beginning May 6. These webinars are an opportunity for young professionals to present their work to undergraduate and graduate students. For a list of presenters, topics, and the link to the presentations, visit https://ceramics.org/sections/northerncalifornia-section. 100 ACerS Serbia Chapter to cohost ACA IX Conference The ACerS Serbia Chapter and the Serbian Ceramic Society will host the ACA IX Conference, \"New frontiers in multifunctional material science and processing,\" Sept. 20-22, 2021. The deadline to submit an abstract is June 15, 2021. Visit https://ceramics.org/wp-content/ uploads/2021/05/ACA-IX-2021 First-announcement.pdf for more information. 100 Save the date! ACerS Thailand Chapter plans ICAPMA-JMAG for December 2021 The ACerS Thailand Chapter is planning the Joint International Conference on Applied Physics and Materials Applications & Applied Magnetism and Ferroelectrics for Dec. 1-4, 2021. The abstract submission deadline is Aug. 31, 2021. Learn more at https://ceramics. org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Thailand.jpg. 100 Contacts Klaus van Benthem benthem@ucdavis.edu John Blendell blendell@purdue.edu Julian Jones julian.r.jones@imperial.ac.uk Julian Jones julian.r.jones@imperial.ac.uk Julian Jones julian.r.jones@imperial.ac.uk Julian Jones julian.r.jones@imperial.ac.uk Michael Halbig michael.c.halbig@nasa.gov Valerie Wiesner valerie.l.wiesner@nasa.gov Palani Balaya mpepb@nus.edu.sg Hisayuki Suematsu suematsu@vos.nagaokaut.ac.jp John Mauro jcm426@psu.edu Description The Roland B. Snow award is presented to the Best of Show winner of the Ceramographic Exhibit & Competition, an annual poster exhibit to promote the use of microscopy and microanalysis as tools in the scientific investigation of ceramic materials. The GEMS awards recognize the outstanding achieve ments of graduate students in Materials Science and Engineering. The award is open to all graduate students who are making an oral presentation in any symposium or session at the ACerS Annual Meeting at Materials Science & Technology (MS&T) meeting. The award recognizes excellence in research among current degree-seeking graduate students and postdoctoral research associates. The award recognizes the outstanding young ceramic engineer and material scientist, who has made significant contributions to the area of Bioceramics, for human healthcare around the globe. The award is presented to a deserving individual(s) in recognition of lifetime dedication, vision, and accomplishments in advancing the field of Bioceramics, particularly towards innovation in the field and contribution of that innovation to translation of technology towards clinical use. The award is presented in recognition of their outstanding achievements in the field of bioceramics research sand development. The award recognizes exceptional early- to mid-career professionals who are women and/or underrepresented minorities (i.e. based on race, ethnicity, nationality and/or georaphic location) in the area of ceramic science and engineering. This award recognizes the enormous contributions of James I. Mueller to the Engineering Ceramics Division and the field of engineering ceramics. It is the intent of this award to recognize the accomplishments of individuals who have made similar contributions. The award recognizes the outstanding young ceramic engineer and scientist whose achievements have been significant to the profession and to the general welfare of the community around the globe. Nominations are open to candidates from industry, academia, or government-funded laboratory across the world. The award recognizes individuals outside the United States who have made outstanding contributions to engineering ceramics. The award recognizes research excellence in glass science and is open to all degreeseeking graduate students (MSc or PhD). American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 17 acers spotlight more Society Awards Nomination Deadline Contacts 18 AWARDS AND Darshana and Arun Varshneya Frontiers of Glass Lectures DEADLINES ACerS Fellow STUDENTS AND OUTREACH Sept. 1, 2021 Sept. 2, 2021 ACerS PCSA #MaterialsLifeChallenge Are you a student interested in winning a free registration to ACerS Annual Meeting at MS&T21? ACerS President\'s Council of Student Advisors (PCSA) is running the #MaterialsLifeChallenge with a free student registration as the grand prize. The aim of this challenge is to celebrate the diverse experiences of life as a student, scientist, engineer, researcher, or all of the above. Each month, from April to September, the PCSA will post a challenge prompt. To enter, create and post a short video or reel responding to the month\'s specific Erica Zimmerman ezimmerman@ceramics.org Erica Zimmerman ezimmerman@ceramics.org (April to September 2021) #MaterialsLife Challenge Cars PCSA Social Media Competition MONTHLY $25 AMAZON GIFT CARD PRIZES prompt using the hashtag #MaterialsLife and tagging @acerspcsa on Instagram before the last day of the month. The person whose video receives the most \"likes\" each month will receive a $25 Amazon gift card. Additionally, points will be assigned to the top three videos each month (three for 1st place, two for 2nd place, and one for 3rd place). The person with the most points at the end of the challenge will receive free registration to MS&T21 in October. Anyone may enter, but only students are eligible to win the grand prize. To see the monthly prompts, follow ACerS PCSA on Instagram at www.instagram.com/acerspcsa. By posting a video with the tag #MaterialsLife, you are consenting to allow ACerS to save and use your video for educational purposes. 100 ACerS offers complimentary membership for recent graduates and those who are new to the Society Did you know that ACerS offers a one year complimentary Associate Membership FOR MORE for those who have recently completed their studies with plans to enter the workINFORMATION: www.ceramics.org/students force, and also for individuals that have never before been ACerS members? ACerS is a truly global community, and an Associate Membership connects you to more than 10,000 professionals from more than 75 countries. More than 35% of our members live and work outside North America. They collaborate and inspire one another through participation in Divisions, Classes, Sections, and Technical Interest Groups. Learn more about Associate Membership at http:// CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Description The Frontiers of Glass Science and the Frontiers of Glass Technology lectures encourage scientific and technical dialog in glass topics of significance that define new horizons, highlight new research concepts, or demonstrate the potential to develop products and processes for the benefit of humankind. Elevation to ACers Fellow recognizes outstanding contributions to the ceramic arts or sciences; through broad and productive scholarship in ceramic science and technology, by conspicuous achievement in ceramic industry, or by outstanding service to the Society. ACerS 2021 Society awardees announced Congratulations to the latest group of Society awardees! The 2021 awardees are available at https:// bit.ly/2021 societyawards. Biographies and photos of the 2021 awardees will be posted on www.ceramics.org over the next few months, and they will be featured in the September 2021 issue of the Bulletin. The awards will be presented October 18 at the ACerS Honors and Awards Banquet at ACerS Annual Meeting at MS&T in Columbus, Ohio. Be sure to purchase your banquet tickets before the MS&T meeting. 100 www.ceramics.org/associate-and be sure to share this information with your colleagues who are not yet enjoying the many benefits of ACerS membership. For more information, contact Yolanda Natividad, member engagement manager, at ynatividad@ceramics.org. 100 PCSA Humanitarian Pitch Competition at MS&T21 The President\'s Council of Student Advisors is hosting the Humanitarian Pitch Competition for you to pitch your ideas to a panel of judges about solutions to a challenge that a community is experiencing. Assemble a team of up to four participants to develop a solution to a real-world problem using materials science. Both undergraduate and graduate students are eligible to participate. Visit www.ceramics. org/pitchcomp to submit your abstracts by Sept. 10, 2021. 2019 Humanitarian Pitch Competition 1st place winners: The PSU Piezos from Penn State University. GASBARRE POWDER COMPACTION SOLUTIONS GLOBAL SUPPORT TEAM ON-SITE SERVICE Engineered Solutions FOR POWDER COMPACTION CNC HYDRAULIC AND ELECTRIC PRESSES Easy to Setup and Flexible for Simple to Complex Parts 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org HIGH SPEED PTX PRESSES Repeatable. Reliable. Precise. 814.371.3015 press-sales@gasbarre.com www.gasbarre.com COLD ISOSTATIC PRESSES Featuring Dry Bag Pressing GASBARRE POWDER COMPACTION SOLUTIONS CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 19 Credit: The PSU Piezos from Penn State University acers spotlight CERAMICANDGLASSINDUSTRY FOUNDATION CGIF and ACers developing new scholarship for minority students The Ceramic and Glass Industry Foundation and ACerS established the Underrepresented Student Scholarship Fund to offer new scholarship opportunities for student members of two vital organizations: the National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE) and the Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers (SHPE). Initially, the scholarship fund will provide at least one $5,000 scholarship each year to a materials science student member of each organization. In the future, we hope to expand this initiative to include additional groups of underrepresented students to further strengthen the diversity of our ceramic and glass materials community. To demonstrate our commitment to this valuable program and encourage the support of our members, ACerS and the CGIF will contribute up to $10,000 each in matching funds for the Underrepresented Student Scholarship Fund in 2021. In short, this means that your gift in support of this new scholarship will be tripled! Please join us in this important effort by giving online at https://ceramics.org/donate or contact Marcus Fish at 614-794-5863. NSBE, founded in 1975, strives to stimulate and develop student interest in the various engineering disciplines while supporting and promoting the aspirations of collegiate and precollegiate students and technical professionals in engineering and technology. The organization encourages members to seek advanced degrees in engineering or related fields and to obtain professional engineering registrations. SHPE, founded in 1973, has grown to be the largest association in the nation for Hispanics in STEM. The organization empowers the Hispanic community to realize its fullest potential and to impact the world through STEM awareness, access, support, and development. SHPE\'s vision is a world where its members are highly valued and influential as leading innovators, scientists, mathematicians, and engineers. Please give generously to the Underrepresented Student Scholarship Fund and have your gift tripled. There is no better way to show your support of the Society\'s efforts to embrace inclusion of all people as a core value to the advancement of our discipline, our industry, and the global society in which we live and work. Donate online at https://ceramics.org/donate. 100 ACERS ANNUAL MEETING at Technical Meeting and Exhibition MS&T21 MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY OCT. 17-21, 2021 | COLUMBUS OH MATSCITECH.ORG/MST2021 20 20 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 CALL FOR ABSTRACTS DEADLINE SEPT. 6, 2021 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS (EMA 2022) JAN. 18-21, 2022 | DOUBLETREE BY HILTON | ORLANDO, FLA., USA ceramics.org/ema2022 Organized by the ACerS Electronics and Basic Science Divisions The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org research briefs Ceramics and graphene open up new possibilities for bone-like materials By Letizia Diamante, science writer and coordinator of the \"Diversity in Graphene\" initiative This article originally published April 1, 2021, on the Graphene Flagship website. Republished with permission. Graphene Flagship Partnering Project CERANEA develops graphenefilled ceramic sandwiches that deliver materials with enhanced properties and functionalities. The mineralized structures of some bones, seashells, and trees have something in common: their composition varies gradually throughout their volume, providing multiple functional roles at once. These are classified as functionally graded materials (FGMs) and can also be artificially engineered with tailored properties for numerous applications, including biomedical implants, optoelectronic devices, sensors, and batteries. The Graphene Flagship Partnering Project CERANEA was funded through FLAG-ERA Joint Transnational Call 2017 to develop FGMs with graphene in ceramic matrices. The project involves researchers at the Graphene Flagship Partners Eotvos Lorand Research Network, the Centre for Energy Research (ELKH CER, Hungary) and the Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Fraunhofer IKTS, Germany), and Graphene Flagship Associate Member Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovakia). We speak with Csaba Balázsi, CERANEA Project Leader and scientific advisor at Graphene Flagship Partner ELKH CER, to learn more about their strategies, accomplishments, and the potential application of ceramic-graphene FGMs in coatings and orthopedics. Q: Which type of functionally graded materials are you studying? A: FGMs are sandwich-structures made of several functional layers. We produce different stacks for novel types of composites, optimized for the desired combinations of electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. These stacks contain graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), or other layered materials, as well as ceramics, such as silicon nitride, silicon carbide, and zirconia. Graphene additives are important fillers that increase the wear resistance and conductivity of ceramic matrices. Graphene also improves the thermal quality and the ability to withstand cracking. The key lies in the careful composition of these composite materials, which defines their porosity and conductivity. For example, we can create a sandwich-structure made with ceramics as the bottom layer, a mixture of ceramics and graphene as the intermediate layer, and a foam-like structure of graphene as the top layer. As the graphene concentration increases from bottom to top, so does the porosity and conductivity of the material. Q: Why are these graphene-enabled layered structures important? A: Layered structures can deliver the performance desired by industry. These materials are more resistant than current ceramics against damages caused by electrical arcing, so can be used as longlasting coatings for contacts, switches, or wearable parts. In CERANEA, we are demonstrating the feasibility of producing these coatings at an industrial-scale and in an economically affordable manner. Graphene can replace precious metals, such as gold or silver nanoparticles, leading to a more sustainable and resource-efficient fabrication. These composites will be suitable for engineering applications, such as structural health monitoring systems. Furthermore, composites with graphene, silicon nitride, or silicon nitride-zirconia are being studied as novel biomedical implants in orthopedics. The shape, morphology, and composition of natural bone vary: certain parts are denser, while others are more spongy. Similarly, varying amounts of graphene in the ceramics-graphene Research News Transforming atmospheric carbon into industrially useful materials Researchers at the Salk Institute transformed tobacco and corn husks into silicon carbide and quantified the process with more detail than ever before. The three-step process, which requires about 177 kW/h of energy to make 1.8 g of SiC, involves 1) growing the plants; 2) freezing and grinding the harvested plants into a powder and then treating it with several chemicals, including a silicon-containing compound; 3) petrifying the powdered plants, a process that involves heating the material up to 1,600°C. The team hopes to explore this process with a wider variety of plants. For more information, visit https://www.salk.edu/news. 100 Strategic formulation of common cement could have a big impact on water purification Researchers from C-Crete Technologies and Rice University created cement that does double duty as a structural material and as a passive photocatalytic water purifier with a built-in means of replenishment: simply sand down the material\'s surface to refresh the photocatalytic quality. Of five readily available cements, White Portland Cement, two types of volcanic ash-based Portland Cements, and a commercially available photoactive cement all proved to have the replenishable photocatalytic quality. The most common cement, ordinary Portland cement, did not. For more information, visit https://phys.org/chemistrynews/materials-science. 100 22 22 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Credit: CERANEA composite result in different porosity. For this reason, our sandwich-structures made with ceramics and graphene could be applied to bone reconstruction. Q: What is novel and unique about your approach? A: We evaluated the concept of sandwich structures in composites in terms of synthesis procedures, functionalities, and microstructures. These investigations can give new insight into the design of newgeneration composites made of ceramics and layered materials, and identify possibilities for further optimization. We are producing graphene via conventional powder technologies, and we manufacture these FGMs with one-step sintering and hot isostatic pressing. In this way, we obtain different layers with varying compositions, from 5% to 30% graphene by weight. These show improved mechanical properties and electrical and thermal conductivity, compared to the state-of-the-art functional ceramics. To reach the desired performance, we analyzed these materials at all scales, from the macro to the microlevel. We gathered information about their morphology, components\' type and homogeneity, graphene oxidation level, and porosity. Q: Which have been your most important achievements so far? A: We devised a new method for preparing multilayered graphene and graphene oxide (GO) starting from commercially available microsized graphite powder. We mill it to reduce its particle size and promote the intercalation and exfoliation of graphite into multilayered graphene particles. This simple and efficient process leads to the production of 100 grams of multilayered graphene in one batch, but it can be easily expanded to 100 kilograms in industrial processes. The graphene particles are then oxidized into GO using a combination of strong oxidizing agents, thermal oxidizing and sonication. We also carried out comprehensive morphological characterizations to reveal GO\'s structure and size. 30% 5% 30% 5% 30% 1mm Sintered sample made of five-layered Si̟¸№/graphene composite with 5% or 30% graphene by weight. We also studied ceramics based on silicon nitride and zirconia with varying amounts of multilayered graphene. We identified the optimal graphene, silicon nitride, and zirconia ‘sandwich\'-a layer of 30% multilayer graphene (MLG) by weight sandwiched between two layers of 5% MLG. This configuration resulted in a two-to-three-fold improvement in mechanical properties, compared to the opposite ratio (30-5-30 wt.% MLG). Sandwich composites are valuable models for understanding the relation between composition and structure of materials, especially in the context of potential health monitoring applications. In our most recent publication, we used X-ray microscopy in a state-of-the-art synchrotron source to study our ceramicgraphene composites in 3D, as well as their cracking and degradation mechanisms. Our method for preparing these carbon-rich samples could be relevant for other researchers working in this field. References Balázsi, Katalin, et al. \"Examination of milled h-BN addition on sintered Si3N4/hBN ceramic composites.\" Processing and Application of Ceramics 12.4 (2018): 357-365. Furko, Monika, et al. \"An economic and facile method for graphene oxide preparation from graphite powder.\" Resolution and Discovery 4.1 (2019): 21-25. Lamnini, Soukaina, et al. “Influence of structure on the hardness and the toughening mechanism of the sintered 8YSZ/MWCNTS composites.\" Ceramics International 45.4 (2019): 5058-5065. Lamnini, Soukaina, et al. \"The role of the attrition milling on the grain size and distribution of the carbon nanotubes in YSZ powders.\" Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio 58.3 (2019): 126-133. Hanzel, Ondrej, et al. \"Highly electrically and thermally conductive silicon carbide-graphene composites with yttria and scandia additives.\" Journal of the European Ceramic Society 40.2 (2020): 241-250. Balázsi, K., et al. \"Porous sandwich ceramic of layered silicon nitride-zirconia composite with various multilayered graphene content.\" Journal of Alloys and Compounds (2020): 154984. Balázsi, K., et al. \"Graphene added multilayer ceramic sandwich (GMCS) composites: Structure, preparation and properties.\" Journal of the European Ceramic Society (2020). Liao, Zhongquan, et al. \"Microstructure and fracture mechanism investigation of porous silicon nitride-zirconia-graphene composite using multi-scale and in-situ microscopy.\" Nanomaterials 11.2 (2021): 285. 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 23 MATERIALS GENOME INITIATIVE TRUCT GOOD LIBRATY Credit: N. Hanacek/NIST Materials Genome Initiative 10 years later: An interview with James Warren By Eileen De Guire In June 2011, President Barack Obama\'s Office of Science and Technology Policy released a white paper called \"Materials Genome Initiative for Global Competitiveness\" that got the attention of the materials science community.\" The goal of the MGI was to reduce the time for materials development-to-deployment by 50%, or about 10 years-and for less cost. The MGI was motivated by a vision to accelerate the pace of new materials development to address urgent national challenges in clean energy, national security, and human welfare. Those developing the MGI concept to catalyze quicker lab-to-market products using new materials understood that success would require building an infrastructure of computational tools, experimental tools, collaborative networks, and digital data. The white paper was prepared by an ad hoc group of the United States National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) with representation from most federal agencies that fund significant materials research, includ ing several offices each from Department of Energy, Department of Defense, National Science Foundation, and Department of Commerce. A four-part strategic plan drove the first decade of MGI: 24 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS • Equip the next-generation materials workforce; • Enable a paradigm shift in materials development; • Integrate experiments, computation, and theory; and Facilitate access to materials data. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 NSTC established the Subcommittee of the Materials Genome Initiative, which maintains a website of interagency activities and resources pertaining to the MGI (https://www. mgi.gov). Since 2011, the MGI grew to include more federal agencies and broader participation from the original agencies. The subcommittee is working on a new strategic plan to guide the MGI into its second decade and leverage the significant advances of the first decade. As the MGI stands on the threshold of a new decade, ACerS marks this milestone with an interview with James Warren, director of the NIST Materials Genome Program. Warren was part of the 2010 ad hoc interagency committee that produced the original MGI whitepaper. Since then, he has tirelessly advocated for the MGI, working with government, academic, and industry stakeholders to build the infrastructure to realize the vision set 10 years ago. Warren talks about the genesis of the MGI, the journey of the first 10 years, and what the future holds. This interview is condensed from a longer conversation, which will be published as an ACerS Ceramic Tech Chat podcast on June 9, 2021. Find it at https://ceramics.org/ ceramic-tech-chat. Q. The Materials Genome Initiative is 10 years old. What drove the idea behind the MGI and how did the materials community react to the white paper? A. The MGI, when it was rolled out, was a collection of ideas that were not terribly new. There had been a large number of reports over the last few decades that preceded the rollout looking at how one could accelerate the design, discovery, and deployment of new materials faster by tightly integrating modeling with experiment and better data management. These ideas were starting to bear enormous fruit. The earlyto mid-2000s started to see reports coming out calling for integrated computational materials engineering. A lot of the database efforts in the computational regime, mostly around density functional theory, were yielding true payoffs. And so the idea for the initiative had been sort of bubbling in the firmament of materials science and related disciplines like chemistry. When the Obama Administration approached the National Science Technology Council saying, “Hey, we think something like a materials genome initiative would be a good idea,\" there were a lot of people in government who thought, \"Yes, we can make that work.\" And, I am laughing now because, of course, the one thing that we did not love was the name! I think there was a great deal of delight over a major initiative in materials coming out of the government. The only other one really at that point was a nanotechnology initiative, which was very substantial. The notion that there would be something that went beyond nano and also had an emphasis on computation was very exciting. Q. One of the goals of the MGI right from the start was to build an infrastructure that would support its goals. What progress has been made on building some of these computational tools, the experimental tools, the collaborative networks, the digital databases, and American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org data access that was part of the vision? A. The MGI is a bit sneaky compared to a lot of these other initiatives because the focus is really on the evolution of this infrastructure. In that sense it is a \"meta\" initiative. That is, we are trying to build the things that allow us to make the materials. It is a little bit abstract. A lot of these tools are about managing data, or how James Warren you do a computation. It\'s not like we want to make the next great battery. We want to make the technologies that allow somebody to make the next great battery. In terms of specific infrastructure, they are all over the place. One of the marquis examples is the DOE\'s Materials Project. There are a lot more resources, like the Materials Data Facility and Materials Commons, which NIST and the DOE fund, respectively, which are more sort of generic data hosting efforts that have made a great deal of progress. There are a lot of efforts at NIST and at other places trying to think about better ways of curating and managing data so that other people can find that data and reuse that data in ways that are more efficient and robust. How do you merge data sets? How do you gain extra value from that information? There is a tremendous amount of effort. You mentioned software tools and computational tools. We fund a lot of these sustainable software efforts, which the MGI is happy to build upon for computational research in predictive materials research. And then there is also this whole community building activity. And that is almost a whole separate conversation about how we engage. (See sidebar: Materials Research Data Alliance) Q. You talked about the MGI predating or anticipating some of the big advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Do you think those changes were coming anyhow or did the MGI help push them forward? A. I don\'t want to take too much credit! In other words, I think they would have happened. And I think that the MGI is a framework for understanding how to accelerate materials discovery, design deployment, etc. Essentially all AI is a system to use data to develop a model. Well, the MGI is largely about taking advantage of modeling and integrating with experiment to accelerate materials discovery. So, AI as a paradigm is just another suite of tools to allow us to do that acceleration. Plus, the MGI is to a large extent about data management. Al needs data. The MGI also is poised to provide the raw materials for an AI effort and you have to make the MGI data \"AI ready.\" And the Al itself can be integral to an MGI effort. It is that twofold aspect that I think is the overlap. I think the MGI provides an incredibly useful template for articulating what can be done and can also be integrated with the broader efforts. CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 25 Materials Genome Initiative 10 years later: An interview with James Warren Q. What kind of impact has the MGI had on data-to-data driven discovery of ceramic and glass materials? A. Can I point to some broad-base answers to that question? Probably not. Can I find superb articles of recent provenance that do precisely what you are talking about? Yeah, sure. One of my colleagues Jason Hattrick-Simpers and collaborators have a very nice paper that came out a couple of years ago. It was about a glassy metal they discovered using a combination of high-throughput experiment and machine learning to find and then to fabricate. That is just one example. The number of people now who are trying to use these techniques is large because it is clear that for materials discovery, anything that can increase your efficiency is something worth exploring. Adding robotics and intelligent systems to help you decide which experiments to do next is where a lot of the action is on this front. I do not want to sell theory short because I am a theorist. One of the fun challenges, and where you will see a lot of the intellectual energy going right now, is how do you fuse classical theory and predictive models using AI techniques, which are purely data driven. How do you merge those two efforts? There are a lot of smart people thinking about it, but it is not like there is a canonical known answer. And whether there will be eventually, I do not think we know the answer to that. Materials Research Data Alliance-MaRDA A grassroots community grows in response to MGI MaRDA―the Materials Research Data Alliance-coalesced from discussions and working sessions at the 2019 NSF-funded Summit on Big Data and Materials Cyberinfrastructure, which brought together 80 leaders from across the materials data landscape. That event revealed a community with similar values and goals interested in building a culture of data sharing and the kind of work it enables. MaRDA aims to connect and develop the community needed for sharing materials research data to foster a materials data infrastructure combining software, hardware, and community-wide standards for access, interoperation, and use of materials data. \"That\'s a big goal, but that\'s why it takes a community effort. In fact, a central outcome of the 2019 Summit was agreement that there are shared incentives that span academia, industry, national labs, beamlines, publishers, funders, and anyone interested in materials research and associated data,\" says David Elbert, research scientist at Johns Hopkins University and chief data officer of PARADIM (Platform for the Accelerated Realization, Analysis, and Discovery of Interface Materials), an NSF Materials Information Platform. MaRDA held its first Annual Meeting in February 2021 via WebEx. Co-organizer Cate Brinson says, \"Over 130 people attended the three day meeting, covering the significant topics of FAIR materials data, connecting materials data infrastructure, and integration into education. The strong participation in a virtual event is evidence of the urgent need and passion for a grassroots approach to solving materials science data challenges.\" Brinson is Sharon C. and Harold L. Yoh, III Distinguished Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science at Duke University and co-founder of MaterialsMine. The work to advance specific aspects of these goals will be done through Working Groups. Any MaRDA member may propose or join a Working Group. Membership in MaRDA is open and free to anyone interested in a community approach to accelerating data-driven materials research. To date, five MaRDA Working Groups (below) have been established. 26 1. MDI Provider Integration and Interoperability 2. Documenting Interoperable Data and Modeling Resources 3. Workflow Interoperability 4. Materials Data Repository Priorities 5. Data Dictionaries Working Group For information about MaRDA and Working Groups, visit https://www.marda-alliance.org. CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Q. Do you think we will ever be able to design a material for an application from first principles? A. If you are talking to somebody who is trying to make a semiconductor material for application in a nanoscale electronics, we are already doing that. We are already using quantum mechanics and designing materials and manufacturing. In those cases, you are effectively using modern technology to build materials atom by atom. And there you can immediately see the connection between some of these tremendously fundamental computations and the material itself. The materials are existing at the nanoscale or smaller even. The wires and the vias in microelectronics, these are now down to three nanometers. The process is just mind boggling. I can guarantee that semiconductor companies are modeling these things all the way down. In other words, they are using MGI techniques. They have to be, right? The effects of the sizes are quantum. You know the leakage issues that they are suffering have got to be all there. As for structural materials? If I told you that you needed to design a plane wing or build the alloy for a plane wing using molecular beam epitaxy, you would say \"I can\'t afford that. It is not a good idea.\" So instead you take the material, melt it in a bucket, and pour it in a mold. You are trying to make mass quantities and you have to make compromises. This processing technique is going to end up with a mess inside that system, a mess that you probably would rather not have in there. But you are going to have to live with it. [Integrated computational materials engineering] is about managing the costs by being able to predict these internal structures. Am I ever going to be able to do a first principles computation of a turbine blade? The answer is no, never. You are going to have to make all sorts of compromises and intermediate calculations now. I\'ve dreamt for 30 years that computation would eventually be good at internal pattern recognition and can do its own coarse graining. You could imagine doing a calculation at a level, then it [AI] finds a pattern and does the next order calculation at the next pattern level up. www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 If you look at what AI is doing right now, it is kind of like that. It is finding patterns in systems and effectively trying to coarse grain. That is how you can get these predictions out. So I may have to eat my words where I said \"never.\" It could be again in my lifetime that we see computations that can start with Schrödinger\'s equation, and some few other things, and really make macroscale calculations or predictions. Q. We have mostly talked about basic science and research. How do the MGI principles apply to engineering situations? For example, QuantumScape [San Jose, Calif.] recently announced development of new ceramic electrolyte materials for high-density, solid-state lithium-ion batteries. While the company did not reveal their R&D methodol ogy, how could some of the ideas we have discussed have been used? A. It turns out that the company [QuantumScape] has an explicitly MGI approach. That is, they are doing computation to predict the materials and then down selecting and doing real experiments on a much-reduced number of potential compounds. And if they are not already, they are going to be using AI. I can guarantee it. Companies are trying to use these techniques because they can actually make money and make new materials for their designs. A major aerospace company I am aware of is now doing simultaneous design of new materials and the rocket engines that they are building. I think they got the materials development insertion time down to 18 months from what used to be about 30 years. It is completely, unbelievably mind boggling. This is the goal of the MGI. We are really trying to make it easier for people, companies, researchers, whomever, to use these ideas and tools. The government is funding this initiative to lower the barrier to entry for these ideas so that more manufacturers can do it with lower resources [initial upfront costs] so they can see the return on the investment quicker. This will help the billiondollar revenue companies, and it also will allow more players in the field. you So asked me about engineering impact; that is what this is about. It is already demonstrable. Human Welfare Computational Tools Experimental Digital Tools Data Materials Innovation National Security Infrastructure Q. What are some of the barriers to realizing the MGI\'s full potential, including workforce development needs? A. Workforce development is a big piece of this. You have to have the people that can use the infrastructure to reap the benefits of these developments. To make that happen, there have been a number of efforts, and there are more and more all the time. Another wonderful benefit of the Al revolution is more interest in that field. Because of that, there are programs that are springing up in materials design and the application of AI to materials design at a number of universities. I think you are going to see materials departments, chemistry departments, lots of different kinds of engineering, any place there are materials looking at these things and trying to figure out ways to de-silo the AI efforts, which mostly have been taught by electrical engineering or computer science. It is just going to become another tool. Computational work is part of most undergraduate and graduate training, including some undergraduate programs American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org Clean Energy Workforce Wor Next Generation in materials. The same thing is going to be true for the MGI-style design. It would be crazy not to. Q. What does the future of the MGI look like, as it turns that corner of 10 years and looks to the future? A. At least two ideas are in the front of my mind. One is this deeper integration with manufacturers. We need to figure out the engagement models and the discussions needed to get them these tools. We must figure out what the barriers are to adoption, what are their incentive problems. It\'s complicated, and it\'s very company dependent. A big focus of the MGI going forward is getting us all the way out on the TRL [technology readiness level] scale. Beyond that, I want to see a lot more focus on the integration piece. It always has been at the heart, but there are a lot of gaps. The distance between the gaps is now starting to become small enough that we can really start to knit this thing together. And as we start to see more interoperation of various resources and CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 27 Credit: NIST Materials Genome Initiative 10 years later: An interview with James Warren scales, I think this is going to start to accelerate the MGI. In the Human Genome Project, there were some very nonlinear moments in how the cost of sequencing changed. It started at nearly a billion dollars for the first one, and now you do your cat for 100 bucks or something like that. And I would imagine that we are going to see similar kinds of changes, where suddenly something that is going to drive the cost of certain pieces way down and then you start to attack some other element in the structure. As people start to see the value proposition in these kinds of approaches, it becomes obvious to people and we start to see real disruptive rapid change in the way that things get done. There is no question in my mind that materials science is likely one of the most lucrative aspects of the application of Al because you are going to make stuff that people want. It is really that simple. The economic potential is so enormous that I do not think most companies have been able to really grapple with it yet, although you\'re starting to see it. The capacity to make things more cheaply and easily, which is what the MGI is about, has got to be at the center. Q. What role do you see the federal agencies having for the future of MGI? A. We are trying to be very careful to figure out what is the government\'s role. Certainly, the government\'s role is not to say that this kind of research is important, without understanding what the community thinks is important. All the agencies have missions, and how do we fund the research that will meet our missions? We will think about the technologies there and also understand what the industry needs so that we are there for them. And if that means understanding Al and how everyone can use it more easily and more intelligently, then that\'s where we\'ll go. So then the question might be when does the government step back? And usually, the answer is when the private sector stepped in and solved the problem so it\'s not a precompetitive situation any longer. That\'s great. That\'s called winning, right? In a certain sense, you could say the MGI would be done when everyone says \"yeah, that is the way we do things” and \"we have all these tools at our disposal.\" References 1\"Materials Genome Initiative for Global Competitiveness,\" White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, June 2011. https://www.mgi.gov/sites/default/files/documents/materials_genome_initiative-final.pdf (Accessed April 27, 2021) 100 28 ACERS - NIST PHASE EQUILIBRIA DIAGRAMS NIST STANDARD Reference DatABASE 31 4 +5 CONTAINING 30,834 DIAGRAMS TRUSTED. COMPREHENSIVE. CONVENIENT. SMART. PORTABLE. UNIQUE. UP-TO-DATE. AFFORDABLE. Download a free demo! The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org No price increase in 2021 NIST UITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PHASE Equilibria Diagrams www.ceramies.org/buyphase CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 C NORTH AMERICA\'S LEADING ADVANCED CERAMIC INDUSTRY ceramics expo EXPO AND CONFERENCE AUG. 30* - SEPT. 1, 2021 // THE HUNTINGTON CONVENTION CENTER, CLEVELAND, OHIO *MONDAY AUGUST 30 - EXHIBITOR AND VIP NETWORKING RECEPTION (INVITE ONLY) Source cutting-edge advanced ceramics materials and technologies from 300+ leading suppliers & manufacturers. Understand the latest industry developments from 30+ expert speakers and game-changers. Gain a 360° view of the ceramic materials market: new material formulations and the future material requirements of end-user markets. Learn the latest innovative forming processes for unique geometries and high surface area parts. Register for a free pass now at www.ceramicsexpousa.com In partnership with The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org 1836 Alfred University OUTSIDE of ORDINARY CACT Center for Advanced Ceramic Technology Students at Alfred Receive Real-World, Hands-On Industrial Experience in Ceramics & Glass Erin Congdon B.S Ceramic Engineering 21\' Following a successful internship at Corning Incorporated focused on glass fractography, Erin will be joining Corning\'s Gorilla Glass Development Group. Working with Dr. Darren Stohr, Alfred\'s SEM Microscopist, Erin performed a range of mechanical testing, data analysis and fractography analysis projects which provided her the experience needed in her new position at Corning. LITHOZ Ryan Fordham B.S. Mechanical Engineering 19\' Masters Degree, Materials Science and Engineering 21\' Ryan will be joining Lithoz, a leader in the development of lithography-based ceramic additive manufacturing equipment, this year as a Lithography-Based Ceramic Manufacturing (LCM) Engineer. In this role, Ryan\'s work will focus on R&D, feasibility, and application development projects. During his time at Alfred, Ryan worked as a data manager at the Finger Lakes Institute, and later interned at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Undergraduate and Graduate Student Opportunities for: Paid Internships National & International Trade Shows Industry-Sponsored R&D Industry-Standard Accreditations At Alfred, we build student\'s resumes with Industry-Recognized Credentials: Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt NIKE ASKCHEMICALS INVESTMENT CASTING FILTERS Lanapes ede be Students learn the principles behind Six Sigma methodology - the implementation of a measurement-based strategy that focuses on process improvement and variation reduction - and obtain their Yellow Belt certification. Lean Six Sigma emphasizes cutting out unnecessary and wasteful steps in the creation of a product so that only steps that directly add value to the product are taken. Each semester, student teams work hands on with regional employers to apply what they\'ve learned in class to solve real manufacturing challenges. Recent projects with ASK Chemicals in Alfred, NY who specializes in custom ceramic filters, and Integrity Metal Fabrication & Repair in Wellsville, NY focused on identifying sources of waste and processes to reduce waste For more information visit: www.Alfred.edu 1836 Alfred University OUTSIDE of ORDINARY Student perspectives O bulletin annual student section Chair\'s update on PCSA activities and welcome to the student ACerS Bulletin issue Kaplyn Kirchner Rachel Sherbonde Gar Wacious Victoria Mair Christos Sofas Victoria Chinen By Michael Walden, PCSA Chair T ☐ of the ACerS Bulletin he June/July issue offers students a chance to document their experiences entering the field of ceramic and glass materials. These students, who began or continued their scholarship during the COVID-19 lockdowns, faced uncertainty in navigating remote-learning college classes and the challenge of conducting in-lab research during a global pandemic. While these reasons for feeling uncertain may be rather new, the common thread of uncertainty which persists even in more \"normal\" times serves to connect the students of today to students who have gone before. The articles in this year\'s student issue of the Bulletin explore the many ways students face uncertainty while undertaking a college degree program, whether moving to a new country, changing one\'s major, or dealing with stalled experiments, among other challenges. In many cases, students have paved their own roads: not the road more traveled or even the road less traveled, but new roads that were not even on the map before. One of the main difficulties that students face when transitioning from undergraduate studies to professional occupations or graduate research is the absence of an \"answer key.\" Success is not a quantitative measure of performance (a \"grade\") that adheres to some universal standard. Rather, success is like using a pottery wheel-it is formed by Megan Lance Avity Dicks Dren J Kala Cetoller Fox Thorpe Shannonces Rogers Spencer Zoel Ow Anna De Mar Vrushali Kahan Marconie Aubery Fry one\'s own hand, rather than through the use of a mold. The students who have written the following articles, like many of their peers, are forming their careers by their own hands. Their careers may be international or multidisciplinary; through a diversity of experience, the future of the ceramics field is made stronger and all the brighter. This outlook on the future has been a unique focus of the ACerS President\'s Council of Student Advisors (PCSA) during the 2020-21 term, ever since the quarantines led to our welcoming the new class of delegates with a virtual rather than in-person annual business meeting last October. The PCSA currently comprises 41 delegates, representing 25 universities and four countries. Despite never meeting in-person, these delegates successfully maintained the status quo set by the Council in previous years and also extended and strengthened the operations of the Council in virtually all facets. For example, . The Programming Committee supported new opportunities for networking and professional development at virtual conferences, substituting for in-person analogues of activities which could not take place this year. • The External Partnerships Committee expanded the size of its mentorship program by over 60% since 2019-20. Start he Virtual PCSA business meeting of the PCSA annual meeting in October 2020. • The Outreach Committee presented technical demonstrations and information about access to STEM and ceramics studies in more classrooms than ever before. The new trial liaison program with the Colorado Section of ACerS is exploring a range of opportunities for implementing the existing national programs of the Council at a more focused, local level. We hope that the following articles remind you of the types of uncertainty you may have faced at the beginning of your career in ceramic and glass materi als. For current students, the following articles may serve as lampposts, illuminating newly-paved boulevards as well as well-trodden paths walked by students of all backgrounds and in all corners of the world. The PCSA is and shall long be an organization focused on connecting current and future leaders of The American Ceramic Society. Michael Walden is a Ph.D. candidate at Colorado School of Mines, located in the city of Golden, Colo. As the 2020-21 chair of the PCSA, he strives to encourage the creative ambitions of its delegates. His vision of the best version of the PCSA is one that continuously looks toward the future, anticipating all the roads it may travel next. 100 32 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Congressional Visits Day 2021 recap By Yolanda Natividad ACers liaison to the Material Advantage Student Program The Material Advantage Student Program\'s Virtual Congressional Visits Day (CVD) was held this year ☐ from April 20-22, 2021. The CVD is an annual event that gives students an opportunity to visit Washington, D.C., to educate congressional decision makers about the importance of funding for basic science, engineering, and technology. While we were not able to physically be in D.C. this year, we did offer a virtual CVD program for Material Advantage students. The CVD experience began with a virtual welcome event on April 20, featuring talks by • Alex Martin, 2019-2020 TMS/MRS Congressional Science & Engineering Fellow • Matthew Hourihan, American Association for the Advancement of Science • Megan Malara, 2020-2021 TMS/MRS Congressional Science & Engineering Fellow After the talks concluded, the students were provided with a chance to go into break-out rooms to further organize their teams and to do some role-play in advance of their appointments in the following days. This year\'s student attendees worked hard to schedule congressional visits with legislators and staffers for April 21 and 22. Despite their hard work, it proved to be a difficult task to schedule congressional visits due to a variety of factors outside of attendees\' control. On the evening of April 22, the Washington, D.C. Chapter of ASM International and the Washington, D.C./Maryland/ Northern Virginia Section of The American Ceramic Society cohosted an event, which gave the students an opportunity to network with local professionals in the D.C. area. Additionally, the Washington, D.C. Chapter of ASM arranged for a speaker from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, who presented a talk on Advances in Personal Protection (PPE) Strategies and Technologies. The Material Advantage CVD event was attended virtually this with a total of 27 students and faculty from the following universities: year Boise State University California State Polytechnic University, Pomona Iowa State University Michigan Technological University Missouri University of Science and Technology Purdue University San Jose State University University of Tennessee, Knoxville University of Maryland, College Park University of Michigan University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Credit: Pexels ( Continued thanks to David Bahr, head and professor of materials engineering at Purdue University, and Iver Anderson, senior metallurgist at Ames Laboratory and adjunct professor in the materials science and engineering department at Iowa State University, for conducting the training on how to visit with legislators and for their assistance over the years in helping to coordinate CVD. Bahr and Anderson both serve on the Material Advantage Committee, the advisory committee that provides recommendations and feedback about the program to the four partnering organization\'s leadership. An additional thank you to Stephen Kampe, chair and professor of materials science and engineering at Michigan Technological University, for helping to cohost the virtual CVD welcome event this year. We hope to be back in-person in D.C. again for the 2022 CVD event. If you are a student and did not get a chance to participate this year, make sure that you plan to register EARLY for the 2022 CVD event. Or if you are a professor/faculty advisor, make sure to plan on gathering a group together from your university. For future updates, visit the Material Advantage website at www.materialadvantage.org. It is an opportunity that you will not want to miss! 100 N MATERIAL ADVANTAGE The Student Program for Materials Science and Engineering AISTASM TMS The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org ASSOCIATION FOR IRON & STEEL TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL The Minerals, Metais & Materials Society American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 33 33 34 Student perspectives Embracing growth when experiments stall By Kimberly Gliebe Gliebe As a Ph.D. student studying thin film deposition, I feel fortunate that the internships I had during my undergraduate studies enabled me to experience research early, which confirmed that research is the career path I want to pursue. The internships also introduced me to the uncertainty that is inherent to research when things do not go as planned. My first big experience with uncertainty was during a project at the Wright Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio, which took place during and after the senior year of my undergraduate degree. The Air Force project involved laser annealing a premade film to change its electronic properties for use in an integrated circuit. Several months after the project started, the laser that was central to my experiments began experiencing problems-it was unable able to reach its maximum level of power. I had no knowledge of the technology behind lasers and could not fix the problem myself. After weeks of discussions with the company that manufactured the laser and thousands of dollars, a company representative came to inspect and fix the laser. This problem was unavoidable on my part, and yet it set my work back several weeks. I had to learn to be patient with this process and find other ways to use my time, such as reading literature about laser annealing and teaching myself basic Python programming skills. These activities enabled me to better plan experiments once the laser was fixed. The Air Force experience prepared me for the beginning of my Ph.D., when a pump that was central to the deposition setup for growing my thin films was sent out for repairs (Figure 1). Initially we thought the pump would be repaired in a few weeks to a month, but it ended up taking almost half a year before we got the pump back. Because of: my internship, I had learned other ways to fill my time when experiments stall. I enrolled in more classes, took my qualifying exam a year earlier than necessary, and heavily focused on literature searches, which gave me a better foundation of knowledge for writing proposals for fellowships. Although I kept busy, this period was very difficult for me. Sometimes my successfulness as a Ph.D. student feels tied to how many experiments I am doing and the quality of my lab work. I had to remind myself that even though results from experiments are important, it is not the only aspect of a Ph.D. The papers that I read about novel oxide structures and the application of machine learning to microscopy helped me to see how crucial data science is becoming for materials work-something I could never have envisioned back when I started my Ph.D. It guided my research from being about doing as many physical experiments as possible to instead spending more time critically analyzing results through machine learning. I have enjoyed this aspect of my work so Figure 1. Pulsed laser deposition setup. The spherical chamber (center) is where deposition takes place, and the two red turbo pumps connected to the back of this chamber (lower left) bring it all the way to vacuum. One of the turbo pumps is what needed to be sent for repairs at the beginning of my Ph.D. research. much that I now am considering a career in data science for materials in the future. I am glad that I learned to use times of uncertainty as periods of growth and reflection rather than setbacks. I hope that regardless of the uncertainties I may face in the future, I will push forward and find creative ways to keep working and learning. Kimberly Gliebe is a third-year Ph.D. student in the materials science and engineering department at Case Western Reserve University. Her research focuses on understanding the growth of thin films by pairing data science with microscopy techniques. When not researching, she likes to run and play board games, as well as host events through her university\'s Graduate Materials Society. 100 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Credit: Kimberly Gliebe Building confidence when facing the uncertainty of switching fields By Nathaniel Olson Olson In a career, especially in research, there is little certainty except for the inevitable uncertainty. Uncertain situations can be either sprung on you or jumped into willingly, yet both types can pose a serious challenge to your comfort and confidence. However, your perception of and reaction to this challenge can make uncertain situations an opportu nity for growth. My story is an example of jumping into uncertainty willingly by switching fields for my Ph.D. I majored in chemical engineering as an undergraduate, but during my studies, I saw glimpses of materials science through research at the Ohio State University on catalysts. In 2017, an internship experience at NASA Glenn Research Center on high-temperature aerogels and composite materials helped me realize that I wanted to learn about and work in the field of materials science. To pursue this path, I had to pivot my education and pursue a Ph.D. in materials science. When starting my Ph.D., I felt woefully unprepared on fundamental knowledge that I believed my peers and mentors would expect me to have, such as not knowing one unit cell from another or what a \"grain” is. Now in my third year, I have come to realize how to make the most of uncertainty and how to use it as an opportunity for personal and professional growth. I will offer three pieces of advice that I find particularly useful in overcoming uncertainty. First, be unafraid to ask questions. This advice is applicable to all parts of life, but it is especially important when you do not know something and are surrounded by people that do. In my experience, conversations with my research group members have proved extremely fruitful in identifying new and interesting routes for my research that I otherwise would not have pursued. Remember, it is important to consider questions on your own first to develop intuition, but do not overthink yourself out of asking. Second, seek out the right mentors and colleagues, as they can guide you and provide tools to overcome uncertainty. My mentors have been a crucial part of my growth thus far. My undergraduate mentor introduced me to research, showing me how to ask questions and design experiments to answer them. My mentor at NASA allowed me to explore research in materials science and expanded my connections in the field. My Ph.D. GLENN RESEARCH CENTER Nate at the NASA Glenn Research Center during his 2017 summer internship. Credit: Nathaniel Olson mentor advanced my skills in project development and challenged me to think deeper about my work. Third, do not forget your own value and what you may be able to teach others based on your own background. We each have a unique story and lessons learned from it. A fresh perspective and enthusiasm can often make up for shortcomings of formal training. My background in chemical engineering allows for a unique systems-level perspective and has equipped me with fundamental knowledge of thermodynamics and transport phenomena that continues to inform my research in materials science. While I try my best to consistently implement this advice, I often waver in my ability to take on uncertainty. I sometimes doubt myself and will choose to struggle on my own rather than reach out to peers and mentors for help, fearing I will give the impression of ineptness. However, when I do follow my advice and I reach out to mentors, friends, and peers, I am able to make the most of uncertainty by simultaneously learning from others while expressing my own ideas. Ultimately, while putting yourself in uncertain situations does not make future ones any less uncertain, they build your confidence by letting you know you can succeed in handling them. Nathaniel Olson is a third-year Ph.D. student in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His research focuses on developing porous materials (aerogels) with improved thermal stability for use as insulation in aerospace applications. Outside of research, Nate is a major LEGO enthusiast and amateur race car driver, racing with the National Auto Sport Association and the Illini Motorsports Formula SAE team. 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 35 55 Student perspectives Finding jobs and traveling as an international student in the US By Iva Milisavljevic Milisavljevic \"You\'re starting a new chapter in your life! That must be so exciting!\" When a friend of mine said this to me right before my move four years ago from Serbia to the United States to start my Ph.D. in ceramic engineering, excitement was certainly one of my top emotions. But though the decision to pursue a doctorate in another country was one of the best decisions I have made, there are a few aspects of it I had not considered that ended up affecting my life very much. I knew that Ph.D. studies and research would be hard at times and fails would be almost inevitable. However, for an international student, the uncertainties are not bound only to the Ph.D. After earning their degree, international students face uncertainties finding a job so that they can stay in the country. Not so many companies are willing to hire a person who is still on a student visa, which significantly reduces the number of job opportunities an international student can apply for. Fortunately, in the United States, international students that graduate with a degree in one of the STEM fields have the opportunity to stay for an additional three years to gain more experience through an initiative called Optional Practical Training.¹ However, if the student does not secure a job right after graduation, they then are required to leave the country and lose a chance to stay a bit longer. Therefore, preparing for the long process of a job search during the Ph.D. studies is one of the tactics that international students use to make the whole period less stressful. In light of the current COVID-19 pandemic and dozens of imposed restrictions, especially in terms of traveling, international students faced additional uncertainties when the government started debating whether international students would be able to stay in the U.S. or even enter the country if their university only offered online courses.² As explained in the previous paragraph, physically being in the country plays a huge role in securing a job after graduation, so the possibility that international students would have to leave created much confusion and fear for the students. Fortunately, the government ultimately rejected this decision,³ so international students, including myself, were able to continue with their work and studies. However, for me and many students, staying in the country was only a partial win-the ability to travel back home to visit family remains a challenge. Specifically, it is returning to the U.S. after traveling that I see as the greatest challenge. In most cases, my one-year visa expires during the time when I would travel back for the holidays. So, my return to the U.S. would require me to apply again for a U.S. visa and go to the embassy for an interview. Although I am sure my name would not raise a red flag during the background check, there is still 36 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Even though traveling to my home country can be challenging, being a graduate student in the United States provides me many opportunities to travel in this country instead, such as to the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. that small percent of a chance that I might get rejected and not be able to come back to the U.S. This small possibility has always given me a sense of discomfort, but I personally am willing to take the risk to travel home. The current pandemic, though, has only complicated travel even more. In the end, I want to emphasize that, usually, international students can manage these uncertainties fairly well through forethought and careful planning. By staying informed about current policies and opportunities, you will know how to act and not lose your nerve when the time comes. References ¹Optional Practical Training Extension for STEM Students (STEM OPT), U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. https://www.uscis. gov/working-in-the-united-states/students-and-exchange-visitors/ optional-practical-training-extension-for-stem-students-stem-opt 2M. Jordan, Z. Kanno-Youngs, and D. Levin, “Trump visa rules seen as way to pressure colleges on reopening,\" The New York Times, 7 July 2020. 3N. Anderson and S. Svrluga, \"Trump administration backs off plan requiring international students to take face-to-face classes,\" The Washington Post, 14 July 2020. Iva Milisavljevic is a fourth-year Ph.D. student in ceramic engineering at Alfred University. Her research focus is on novel solid-state single crystal growth technique and transparent ceramics for various optical applications. In her spare time, she enjoys practicing yoga and drawing funny doodles, as well as hiking, camping, and all sorts of outdoor activities. 100 a Milisavljevic www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 The two-body problem: Planning a career when married By Riley Winters As an undergraduate student studying materials science and engineering at Boise State University, I faced uncertainty in many ways through my education, from changing majors (from finance to materials science) to research focus (electrical properties to nuclear energy). These choices often are very personal decisions that are decided based on how it will shape your future career plans. However, these choices do not always just affect you-when you are married, you must consider how your decisions align with your spouse\'s plans as well. Winters In my case, I originally was certain that I wanted to work in the semiconductor industry, and I set out to learn as much as possible about electrical properties of materials. However, in my second semester of undergrad, I joined the Advanced Materials Laboratory (AML) as an oxide nuclear fuels student researcher, which led me to intern at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) as an expansion on my research in the AML. I spoke with many researchers and other students while interning at ORNL, and I toured the University of Tennessee Nuclear Engineering graduate program. These experiences ignited my passion for nuclear energy research given that the motivation for such research is to develop an emission-free, consistent, and reliable energy source. So, I decided that getting a Ph.D. was the best option for pursuing a career in nuclear energy. However, while my personal feelings about the decision were set, I needed to consider how pursuing a Ph.D. would affect my husband. He graduated in 2018 with a bachelor\'s in materials science and engineering and already had a job in the semiconductor industry in Boise, Idaho, which is 4+ hours from any nuclear-related industries. If I went the nuclear route, we would have to move, and most likely he would have to switch industries. After a lot of discussion, it was clear that we were both supportive of each other\'s career goals and were willing to make compromises for each other. We each made of a list of what was important to us in a career choice, including things like location, industry, materials type, and education level. The most important factors to us were location and industry. We wanted a location that we could enjoy outside of work and be near our families, as well as one that supported our desired industries. To supplement both factors, we also considered material type. If I were to compromise on the industry, I would still like to work with ceramic materials. Part of the decision was made easy when I received an email from my university\'s advising department letting me know about a ceramics engineering R&D internship at a company that manufactures thermistors, located in Boise. I was excited when I realized that many of the skills and experiences I 000 Riley with her husband and Australian Shepherd dog at their home in Boise, Idaho. gained when working with oxide nuclear materials would transfer seamlessly to working on thermistors, so I applied. I started the internship this past August and felt like it cleared up all my career path uncertainty. I feel fulfilled in this position, as I can conduct research and experimentation in addition to process improvements. While I am no longer connected with the nuclear industry, thermistors do have a significant impact in many areas, including military, medical, and countless everyday appliances. Additionally, this industry is one that I can be successful in with just a bachelor\'s degree, but I can remain open to getting a postgraduate degree in the future. Between these aspects and the fact that my husband can stay at his job, which he has been at now for two years, my choice was made. I will be graduating in May 2021 and my internship will become a full-time position as ceramics process engineer right here in Boise. Riley Winters is ceramics process engineer at QTI Sensing Solutions. Her research focus is process development for thermistor manufacturing, including tape casting, rheology, and sintering. Outside of work, she enjoys gardening and does agility with her Australian Shepherd dog. 100 American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 37 332 38 Student perspectives Harnessing the potential energy of uncertainty By Elisa Zanchi Zanchi Uncertainty can be defined quite literally as the absence of certainty. In other words, someone experiencing uncertainty is unsure and/or ignorant of future developments or consequences following from a current situation, which leads to a state of doubt, insecurity, and anxiety. While uncertainty can be experienced to varying degrees, it generally can be traced to either external or internal factors. External factors, such as when you are waiting for an answer from someone or the results of an experiment, often trigger uncertainty due to featuring an outcome beyond your control. But for uncertainty coming from internal reasons, such as when you find yourself at a crucial crossroads that requires major decisions on your personal or professional life, you can experience uncertainty because the outcome is entirely in your hands. Two events of my academic life brought me face-to-face with these two types of uncertainty-first, the choice of my master\'s thesis; and second, the decision to do a Ph.D. The degree of doubt that I experienced on these two occasions differed noticeably and reflected the new strategies that I have matured over time to react to uncertainty. Being born and raised in stable family conditions, neither external nor internal uncertainty played a significant role in my early life. Many of the choices I made both in personal life and career path were chosen in a light-hearted manner. However, when the time came to decide on my MSc thesis, for the first time I realized that a choice could have consequences on my future career. On the one hand, I had the option to focus on an easy topic, allowing me to graduate quickly and find a job close to my family and friends. On the other hand, I could take the chance to go abroad and be part of an innovative project, involving a huge personal and financial investment. I found myself trapped in uncertainty, making lists of pros and cons that were influenced by an aura of insecurities: the fear of not being able to overcome possible obstacles (e.g., language, being independent, getting along with new people) and of meeting others\' expectations. After pouring over the pros and cons, I finally had a paradigm shift. I wanted to challenge myself and realized that embracing uncertainty was an opportunity to discover who I could become outside of my comfort zone. Thus, in the end, I decided for the second thesis option. From that experience I learned that while a high level of uncertainty can cause high amounts of stress, it also entails a huge number of possibilities. Uncertainty and action are similar to how potential and kinetic energy are strongly dependent on each other: an uncertain situation holds a lot of potential to be transformed into the kinetic energy of our action. Picture of the DTU Risoe Campus in Denmark, where I conducted research for my master\'s thesis and began to appreciate the opportunities to which uncertainty can open your eyes. Following my master\'s, I was caught again in a moment of indecision when deciding whether to pursue more education or to find a job. Compared to my MSc thesis, which involved a lot of internal uncertainty, a Ph.D. project would introduce a lot of external uncertainties because, as a Ph.D. student, it is not only required to plan my own work but also that of collaborators, students, and technicians, which is a complex task with probabilities of failure that would have long-term consequences. Fortunately, the lessons I learned about handling my internal uncertainty when choosing a MSc thesis allowed me to accept this feeling as an alarm bell informing me that I was at a relevant crossroads and it was time to ponder over the next steps. Now, at the beginning of my professional life, I see how uncertainty gives me the chance to make decisions based on my aspirations instead of going by default for the safest and most convenient option. Elisa Zanchi is a second-year Ph.D. student in materials science and technology at Politecnico di Torino, Italy, under the supervision of Prof. F. Smeacetto. She works on the synthesis of innovative glass-ceramic sealants and ceramic coatings for steel interconnects and their integration in solid oxide cell stacks. In her spare time, she enjoys hiking, playing tennis, and crafting handmade jewelry. 100 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Credit: Elisa Zanchi Using themes to find comfort in uncertainty By Collin Holgate There are few questions I find more frustrating than \"What do you see yourself doing in five years?\" Blessedbe those capable of constructing grand life visions-I am not one of them. I do not know what I want to do with my Ph.D. in materials science once I receive it. Holgate Life transitions-especially those that are uncertain-are scary. But we can build some comfort with this uncertainty by changing the question. Rather than focusing on what you plan on doing later in life, you should explore what you want life to feel like. In other words, instead of choosing a specific goal or aiming for a particular job, you can develop a general theme for your life that helps to guide decisions when they come up. Finding a theme can take quite a bit of self-exploration. Evaluating how you prioritize things like money, independence, time off, mentoring opportunities, location, and possibility for impact can help you identify the factors necessary for attaining long-term fulfillment. You will not have it all early in your career, so it is important to know which aspects you are willing to sacrifice for others. For example, one of the big themes in my live is helping people. I\'m willing to sacrifice money to satisfy that desire. Priorities evolve over the years, but themes are flexible and can be reworked when the time feels right. Once you have an idea of your priorities, explore career paths that offer some overlap. The point is not to find the perfect path but rather to discover your priorities in lots of different paths. For example, my desire to help people can be satisfied through mentoring others. Career paths as a professor, an industrial research scientist (at the right company), or as a teacher all offer opportunities to be a mentor, and I believe any of these roles would fulfill me. Be creative in Your career is a labyrinth of different paths—but developing themes for rather than specific goals can help you navigate the many options. your search and keep an open mind! Search within and beyond the scope of your technical expertise. However, be aware of education sunk-cost fallacies, or the belief that you must continue on a certain path because you\'ve already invested a lot of time, effort, or money in it. This type of thinking that your education is only good for one type of job-entirely discounts the personal growth and transferrable skills you have gained. Your education, no matter what you do after, is never wasted. As a starting point for exploring possible careers, I highly suggest visiting your university career center-such centers can be a repository of information and tools. (If you\'re not currently affiliated with a university, the career website through the University of California, Santa Barbara offers diverse and well-organized information, much of which is publicly available.\') Perhaps a couple of career paths have really piqued your interest. If so, pay attention to what skills and experiences would make you a competitive candidate; work to build these skills, especially those you are currently missing. Remember, our themes can guide us even if no particular path hit home. For example, I tried to maximize mentoring and leadership opportunities American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org your life throughout graduate school, experiences which will help me in my future, regardless of the exact path I choose. Even if you are years away from graduating, start thinking about your themes now. Early introspection will allow you to catch more opportunities. Developing a theme will not completely erase feelings of uncertainty, but hopefully those feelings will be more comfortable, especially for those unable to laser focus on a specific goal. Work on exploring yourself. Your career is a labyrinth of different paths. Even if the route ahead is foggy, when you arrive at a fork, your theme can illuminate the way. References UC Santa Barbara Career Services, https://career.ucsb.edu Credit: Mohammad Bagher Adib Behrooz, Unsplash Collin Holgate is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of California, Santa Barbara, working under the direction of Professor Carlos Levi. His research investigates the thermodynamics and kinetics of how molten sand and ash degrade the protective coatings used in jet engines. Outside of research, he has been involved with organizing and running UCSB\'s annual Beyond Academia career exploration conference. He also enjoys spending time in nature by exploring the mountains and coast of California. 100 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 39 Student perspectives The difference in thinking between Chinese and German scientific research scholars when facing unknown challenges By Bo Chen Chen My name is Bo Chen, a Ph.D. student in chemical engineering at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany. I am originally from China, and I completed my bachelor\'s and master\'s degrees there before moving to Germany for my Ph.D. I chose to pursue my Ph.D. in another country because I believe getting out of your comfort zone exposes you to new opportunities that broaden your academic horizons and comprehension of different cultures. I chose to study in Germany because Germans are known for their scrupulousness, which is a good characteristic to have when performing research. In Germany, I have experienced a completely different scientific research atmosphere and way of thinking compared to China. In my opinion, both the Chinese and German approaches to research have their pros and cons, which means we can learn a lot from each other. I believe that this exchange of information is a necessity of international academic collaborations. From what I have experienced, Chinese scholars spend far more time than German researchers in aggressively pursuing a solution to challenges-it is normal for some Chinese research scholars to work more than 12 hours a day, six or seven days a week. This diligence is due to cultural and national conditions that emphasize efficiency. In experiments, Chinese scholars usually pay more attention to the results because they like to pursue a high impact factor for the subsequent paper. In terms of social interactions with colleagues, there is an obvious hierarchy between superiors and subordinates in Chinese laboratories, both at universities and research institutions. I believe this hierarchy can greatly limit the enthusiasm and motivation of researchers, and it also can limit Me traveling in the Czech Republic. I believe the process of actively interacting with various cultures exposes you to new opportunities that broaden your academic horizons. the communication between colleagues, which inhibits a lot of interesting ideas. After several years of study and exchange in Germany, I have identified several significant differences in the academic environment here compared to China. The most impressive thing about German scholars is their passion and enthusiasm for research. While scrupulously approaching unknown challenges step-by-step, they spend time looking to understand the reasons for their results rather than just focusing on the results themselves; they discuss intensely with their colleagues. I am excited to witness this kind of love for one\'s job. It is this kind of love that makes them full of passion for unknown challenges and also makes them full of possibilities in scientific research-professor and student alike can speak freely and humbly like friends and discover new possibilities through comparing their different viewpoints. However, because German scholars attach great importance to family and personal time, they typically spend less time in the lab than Chinese scholars, which often leads to slower progress. These differences are just a few of the ones that I have observed in how the scientific research process is conducted in China and Germany. In the process of actively interacting and colliding with various cultures, I developed my own approach to research that I will likely take with me after graduation. I hope that more international young scholars will give up their prejudices and communicate with each other seriously and profoundly. When we face unknown challenges, we can walk hand-in-hand to overcome difficulties. I firmly believe that the future will be full of possibilities. Bo Chen is a Ph.D. student at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany. His research focuses on solid electrolytes for batteries. He likes traveling and reading. 100 40 40 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 Facing uncertainty in new types of jobs By Aubrey L. Fry Fry I am a first-generation college student. I cannot remember having a conversation about college with anyone-not a parent, teacher, or friend-before my junior year of high school. I grew up in farm country, and a four-year college was not the default expectation for high school graduates in my town. Like many of my peers, I grew up working physically demanding jobs-gardening, mowing, throwing hay, tending to animals. Though I am extremely grateful for these jobs, I knew I didn\'t want to do such work forever. However, I didn\'t know what I did want to do either. When I started research for my master\'s in materials science and engineering, the work was unlike my previous job experiences. This type of exercise was unfamiliar to me, and I felt much more uncertain of my aptitude to succeed. Unlike manual labor, the fruits of performing scientific research did not culminate at the end of each day—I could work 50+ hours a week and feel that I had accomplished nothing. But accomplishments did come over time, and they were marked with great satisfaction and pride. When I neared the end of my master\'s program, my advisor offered me to stay in his group for a Ph.D. I declined his offer because I wanted to explore other materials and other places before choosing a Ph.D. program. While I enjoyed research, I felt that I needed more experience to know if I wanted to dedicate my life to such a career. So I interviewed for a research position at a government lab after just one year in materials science. The position involved fundamental research in glass and ceramics, and it was my first \"real world\" interview. The interview process was intense. The day\'s agenda was set to last only a few hours, but it ended up going all day. 461 NAVY NE My visit to the USS Midway Museum during the International Conference on Sintering 2017 in San Diego, Calif. I met with branch heads and senior scientists, gave a presentation on my research, and toured the labs. That was the first time I presented my research (or any research, in any capacity), and to my pleasant surprise it was the most enjoyable part of the interview process. \"Wow, maybe I could really be good at this,\" I thought to myself. That glimmer of confidence was quickly snuffed out during my oneon-one interviews, which felt like one long oral exam-I was bombarded with hours\' worth of questions. I gave my best responses and hypothesized about things I did not know the answers to. The most stressful interview was when one scientist pointed out every materials-related word I misused or mispronounced; I felt so over my head, and my inferiority complex grew. Later that afternoon, hours after the designated end time, I left the building and walked to my car in a nearly empty parking lot. I felt so unprepared and like a fraud, and I was sure everyone there thought the same. After what felt like three months— which was only three weeks-I got a call from the government lab, offering me the position. Even though I felt so behind during the interview, what American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org EX mattered is that I demonstrated my potential and willingness to learn-key qualities for growing in any job. Credit: Aubrey Fry That was the best first job I could have asked for. Research became more familiar to me and I became more comfortable knowing that the delayed reward of fundamental research was truly satisfying. I learned so much in my two years at that job, and at the end of the experience, I earned a Department of Defense SMART scholarship, which allowed me to return to graduate school for my Ph.D. I am immensely grateful for those in my life that have seen potential in me even when I do not see it myself. I must constantly remind myself to face uncertainty as an opportunity. And when I do, I count it as a success. Aubrey Fry is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University. She researches silicate glass composition-structure-mechanical property relations with a focus on exploiting topological adaptability under stress. Aside from glass science, she is passionate about music and painting, and enjoys camping and water sports. 100 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 41 REGISTER NOW MATERIALS CHALLENGES IN ALTERNATIVE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY 2021 (MCARE 2021) 4TH ANNUAL ENERGY HARVESTING SOCIETY MEETING (EHS 2021) July 19-22, 2021 For the latest live virtual conference schedule, visit ceramics.org/mcare2021 MATERIALS CHALLENGES IN ALTERNATIVE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY (MCARE 2021) Organized by The American Ceramic Society and its new Energy Materials and Systems Division, MCARE 2021 is a premier forum to address opportunities of emerging materials technologies that support sustainability of a global society and address development of affordable, sustainable, environmentally friendly, and renewable energy conversion technologies. This cutting-edge virtual international conference features live plenary and invited talks, thematically focused technical sessions, and poster presentations, enabling participants to network and exchange ideas with professional peers and acclaimed experts. The conference atmosphere engages and promotes live virtual participation of scientists and engineers of all ages to include students and early-stage researchers and will include several student-focused events. MCARE 2021 ORGANIZING CO-CHAIRS Eva Hemmer (lead organizer) University of Ottawa, Canada ehemmer@uottawa.ca Gabrielle Gaustad Alfred University, U.S.A. gaustad@alfred.edu Steven C. Tidrow Alfred University, U.S.A. tidrow@alfred.edu Sanjay Mathur University of Cologne, Germany sanjay.mathur@uni-koeln.de Yoon-Bong Hahn Jeonbuk National University, Korea ybhahn@jbnu.ac.kr MCARE 2021 TECHNICAL PROGRAM S1: Materials for Solar Fuel Production and Applications S2: Advanced Materials for Energy Storage S3: Joint with EHS Symposium 4: Challenges in Thermal-toElectrical Energy Conversion Technology for Innovative Novel Applications S4: Advanced Materials for Perovskite and Next Generation Solar Cells S5: Spectral Conversion Materials for Energy Applications S6: Joint with EHS Symposium 1: Materials, Components and Devices for Self-powered Electronics S7: Advanced Materials & Nanodevices for Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Applications S8: Advanced Materials for Fuel Cells and High Temperature Electrolysis S9: Critical Materials for Energy Applications S10: Lifecycle Impacts of Clean Energy Materials S11: Materials for Super Ultra-Low Energy and Emission Vehicles S13: Theory and Experiment Meeting in Energy Materials Research S14: Chemical and Biological Sensors: Materials, Devices and Systems S15: Young Scientists Forum on Future Energy Materials and Devices S16: Frontiers of Solar Energy Harvesting and Functional Nanomaterials: New Materials for Photovoltaics, Solar Fuels and Multifunctional Optoelectronic Devices 42 42 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ceramics.org/mcare2021 Hosted and organized by: Energy Materials and Systems Division Also organized by: The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org ENERGY HARVESTING SOCIETY e O KICHE The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers 4TH ANNUAL ENERGY HARVESTING SOCIETY MEETING (EHS 2021) Since its inception, the EHS workshop has been highly successful in bringing the academic community from around the world together to openly discuss and exchange ideas about energy harvesting. Those researching energy harvesting know it has become the key to the future of wireless sensor and actuator networks for a variety of applications, including monitoring of temperature, humidity, light, and location of individuals in a building, chemical/gas sensor, structural health monitoring, and more. Join us to share your research in this area and to freely discuss and network with colleagues from around the globe interested in energy harvesting solutions. This 4th annual meeting will feature live plenary lectures, invited talks, and contributed talks within the following topical areas: • Energy harvesting (e.g., piezoelectric, inductive, photovoltaic, thermoelectric, electrostatic, dielectric, radioactive, electrets) • Energy storage (e.g., supercapacitors, batteries, fuel cells, microbial cells) • Applications (e.g., structural and industrial health monitoring, human body network, wireless sensor nodes, telemetry, personal power) • Emerging energy harvesting technologies (e.g., perovskite solar cells, shape memory engines, CNT textiles, thermomagnetics, bio-based processes) • Energy management, transmission, and distribution; energy-efficient electronics for energy harvesters and distribution Fluid-flow energy harvesting •Solar-thermal converters • ⚫ Multi-junction energy harvesting systems • Wireless power transfer EHS 2021 CO-CHAIRS Shashank Priya The Pennsylvania State Jungho Ryu Yeungnam University, Korea jhryu@ynu.ac.kr Yang Bai University of Oulu, Finland yang.bai@oulu.fi University, U.S.A. sup103@psu.edu EHS 2021 TECHNICAL PROGRAM S1: Joint with MCARE Symposium 6: Materials, Components and Devices for Self-powered Electronics S2: Integrated Energy Harvesting and Storage Systems for Wearables and loT S3: Multi-functional Energy Conversion Materials and Devices for Energy Harvesting and/or Sensing S4: Joint with MCARE Symposium 3: Challenges in Thermal-to-Electrical Energy Conversion Technology for Innovative Novel Applications S5: Special Symposium - Celebrating 20 years of Energy Harvesting SYMPOSIUM 6: Special Symposium—European Energy Harvesting Workshop with Special Honor to Professor Pim W.A. Groen (by invitation only) American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 | www.ceramics.org CELEBRATING 100 YEARS 43 resources Calendar of events June 2021 21-24 The NSMMS & CRASTE Joint Symposia - Bethesda North Marriott Hotel & Conference Center, Rockville, Md.; https://www. usasymposium.com/space/default.php 28-30 MagForum 2021: Magnesium Minerals and Markets Conference Grand Hotel Huis ter Duin, Noordwijk, Amsterdam; http://imformed.com/getimformed/forums/magforum-2020 July 2021 5-9 12th Workshop for New Researchers in Glass Science and Applications - VIRTUAL EVENT ONLY; www.icglass.org 19-22 Materials Challenges in Alternative & Renewable Energy 2021 (MCARE 2021) combined with the 4th Annual Energy Harvesting Society Meeting (EHS 2021) - VIRTUAL EVENT ONLY; https://ceramics.org/mcare2021 August 2021 31-Sept 16th Ceramics Expo Huntington Convention Center of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio; https:// ceramics.org/event/6th-ceramics-expo September 2021 NEW DATE 15-16 ceramitec conference 2021 - Messe München, Munich, Germany; https://www. ceramitec.com/en/trade-fair/ceramitecconference 20-22 Serbian Ceramic Society ACA IX conference - Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Serbia, Belgrade; http://www.serbianceramicsociety.rs/ index.htm October 2021 12-15 International Research Conference on Structure and Thermodynamics of Oxides/carbides/ nitrides/borides at High Temperature (STOHT) Arizona State University, Ariz.; https://mccormacklab. engineering.ucdavis.edu/events/ structure-and-thermodynamicsoxidescarbidesnitridesborides-hightemperatures-stoht2020 17-21 ACerS 123rd Annual Meeting with Materials Science & Technology 2021 Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, Ohio; https://ceramics.org/mst21 Pan 18-20 Flourine Forum 2021 Pacific Hanoi, Vietnam; http://imformed.com/get-imformed/ forums/fluorine-forum-2020 25-27 China Refractory Minerals Forum 2021 - InterContinental, Dalian, China; http://imformed.com/ get-imformed/forums/china-refractoryminerals-forum-2020 November 2021 1-4 ➡82nd Conference on Glass Problems Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, Ohio; http://glassproblemsconference.org December 2021 12-17 14th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology (PACRIM 14) – Hyatt Regency Vancouver, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; www.ceramics.org/PACRIM14 January 2022 18-21 Electronic Materials and Applications 2022 (EMA 2022) DoubleTree by Hilton Orlando at Sea World Conference Hotel, Orlando, Fla.; https://ceramics.org/ema2022 23-28 46th International Conference and Expo on Advanced Ceramics and Composites (ICACC2022) - Hilton Daytona Beach Oceanfront Resort, Daytona Beach, Fla.; https://ceramics.org/icacc2022 March 2022 15-18 17th Biennial Worldwide Congress Unified International Technical Conference on Refractories Hilton Chicago, Chicago, III.; https://ceramics.org/unitecr2021 May 2022 22-26 Glass and Optical Materials Division Annual Meeting (GOMD 2022) - Hyatt Regency Baltimore, Baltimore, Md.; https://bit.ly/3ftnJql June 2022 22-26 ACerS 2022 Structural Clay Products Division & Southwest Section Meeting in conjunction with the National Brick Research Center Meeting Omni Charlotte Hotel, Charlotte, N.C.; https://bit.ly/31zyfob July 2022 24-28 Pan American Ceramics Congress and Ferroelectrics Meeting of Americas (PACC-FMAS 2022) Hilton Panama, Panama City, Panama; https://ceramics.org/PACCFMAS July 2024 14-19 International Congress on Ceramics - Hotel Bonaventure, Montreal, Canada; www.ceramics.org Dates in RED denote new event in this issue. Entries in BLUE denote ACerS events. denotes meetings that ACerS cosponsors, endorses, or otherwise cooperates in organizing. denotes virtual meeting 44 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 JUNE/JULY 2021 • VOLUME 2 • ISSUE 2 Ceramic Glass www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing MANUFACTURING PREPARING FOR CONTINGENCIES HELPED COMPANIES GROW DURING THE PANDEMIC THE ROCKY ROAD BACK TO \'LIVE\': IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC FROM A TRADE SHOW PERSPECTIVE THERE\'S ALWAYS SOMETHING NEW TO LEARN IN ACERS LEARNING CENTER. ACerSONLINE UPCOMING LEARNING Center ceramics.org/onlinecourses ADVANCED THERMAL PROPERTIES OF REFRACTORIES Brought to you by the Edward Orton Jr. Foundation and ACerS Learn from a combination of lectures and live laboratory demonstrations Dates: July 6, 8, 13, and 15, 2021 Time: 11 a.m.-3 p.m. EDT (lunch break from 12:30-1:30) Instructor: Joseph Homeny REGISTER TODAY! • • ENROLL IN PRERECORDED COURSES Taught by leading experts Ask instructors questions • Learn at your convenience Build new skills COURSES - Introduction to Ceramic Science, Technology, and Manufacturing - Ceramic Manufacturing Technology - Statistical Process Control in Ceramic Processing - Dispersion and Rheology Control for Improved Ceramic Processing - Drying of Ceramics The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Orton Materials Testing & Research Center Looking for training customized to your company? Do you want a course taught privately to your employees? Call Customer Service at 614-890-4700 for details, or contact Kevin Thompson at kthompson@ceramics.org to learn about training benefits for our Corporate Partners. www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing CONTENTS Ceramic Glass Vol. 2, No. 2 MANUFACTURING Executive Director & Publisher Mark Mecklenborg Editorial & Production Eileen De Guire Director of Technical Content and Communications edeguire@ceramics.org David Holthaus Content Editor dholthaus@ceramics.org Lisa McDonald Associate Managing Editor Tess Speakman Senior Graphic Designer Kerry Burgdorfer Graphic Designer Michelle Martin Production Editor Editorial Advisory Board Carolyn Primus, Primus Consulting William Carty, Alfred University 4 INDUSTRY NEWS PREPARING FOR CONTINGENCIES HELPED COMPANIES GROW DURING THE PANDEMIC by David Holthaus 9 THE ROCKY ROAD BACK TO \'LIVE\': IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC FROM A TRADE SHOW PERSPECTIVE By Emma Stokes 12 ADVERTISERS LIST AND EDITORIAL CALENDAR 1 Daniel Tipsord, TevTech LLC James Hemrick, Reno Refractories Inc. Keith DeCarlo, Blasch Precision Ceramics John Mastrogiacomo, Kyocera International Inc. Steve Houseman, Harrop Industries Customer Service & Circulation ph: 866-721-3322 fx: 240-396-5637 customerservice@ceramics.org Advertising Sales National Sales Mona Thiel, National Sales Director mthiel@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5834 fx: 614-794-5822 Europe Richard Rozelaar media@alaincharles.com ph: 44-(0)-20-7834-7676 fx: 44-(0)-20-7973-0076 Editorial & Advertising Offices The American Ceramic Society COVER IMAGE CREDIT: CORNING INC. Subscribe to DECEMBER 2020 VOLUME ISSUES Ceramic Glass MANUFACTURING www.amics.organicandylavinanalacturing Quality aufacturing STA 550 Polaris Pkwy., Suite 510 Westerville, OH 43082 Ceramic & Glass Manufacturing is published four times per year by The American Ceramic Society. The American Ceramic Society is not responsible for the accuracy of information in the editorial, articles, and advertising sections of this publication. Publication of articles does not comprise endorsement, acceptance, or approval of the data, opinions, or conclusions of the authors on the part of the Society or its editors. Readers should independently evaluate the accuracy of any statement in the editorial, articles, and advertising sections of this publications. Vol. 2, No. 2, pp 1-12. SETTING THE STANDARDS: HOW STANDARDS ENHANCE QUALITY AND PROMOTE REL JAPAN FINE CERAMICS ASSOCIATION AND ITS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION ACTIVITIES FOR FINE CERAMICS A SHORT LIST OF STAND Chadrant ORGANIZATIONS Ceramic Glass APRIL 2021 OLEME 2 S Ceramic Glass www.ring A BRIGHT AND BOLD FUTURE AHEAD: MANUFACTURING HOW CERAMIC ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING IS DRIVING GROWTH THE PROMISING PATH FORWARD FOR ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED CERAMICS ALFRED UNIVERSITY-CACT SUPPORTS LAUNCH COMPANY AT INCUBATORWORKS MANUFACTURING Make sure you keep pace with the ever-changing fields of ceramics and glass with a subscription to Ceramic & Glass Manufacturing. For your free subscription, go to www.ceramics.org/ CGMsubscribe. 47 2 48 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY NEWS O-I GLASS PLANS $75M EXPANSION IN COLOMBIA O-I Glass, Inc. said it will invest approximately $75 million in an expansion at its facility in Zipaquirá, Colombia. The project, when completed by the end of 2022, is expected to add nearly 2% of capacity to the company\'s Americas segment and will produce about 500 million bottles annually. The expansion will add a fourth furnace to the plant, which was expanded in 2019. O-l said it is still committed to reducing debt and has expanded its divestitures target to $1.15 billion or more by the end of 2022 to support the Zipaquirá expansion. Perrysburg, Ohio-based O-I Glass operates 72 plants in 20 countries. AGI glaspac\'s Bhongir plant in southern India. AGI GLASPAC EXPANDS ITS BHONGIR PLANT AGI glaspac said it plans to invest Rs 55 crore (about US$7.4 million) to build a new furnace for its Bhongir plant in Telangana, southern India. It is part of an investment from its Gurgaon, India-based parent company, HSIL Limited, amounting to Rs 220 crore (about US$29.4 million). With the new furnace, the plant will be able to produce 154 tons of specialty glass for carbonated water, sparkling wine, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. AGI glaspac partnered with Germany-based machinery maker Horn Glass Industries AG for the technology. VISY UPGRADES GLASS RECYCLING FACILITY Visy plans to build a $35 million glass recycling facility at its complex in Laverton, Western Australia. It will double the center\'s recycling capacity from 100,000 tons of glass each year to 200,000, the company said. Visy is a packaging and resource recovery company with more than 120 sites across Australia, New Zealand, and Thailand, and offices in Asia, Europe, and the U.S. The new facility in Laverton, Australia, will be able to sort glass down to 3 mm. A rendering of Photocentric\'s planned research center. R&D HUB FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PLANNED IN THE UK Photocentric, a manufacturer based in Peterborough, England, is planning a 3D printing center of excellence and a research and development hub at its University of Peterborough site. The center of excellence will cost approximately 1.8 million pounds to build and will make the resins for printing, 3D printers, and 3D printed parts, the company said. It is expected to be completed in November. The R&D hub should be completed a year later and will feature three state-of-the-art print farms for industrial parts, dental aligners, and ceramics. www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing STOELZLE GROUP ACQUIRES PENNSYLVANIA GLASS PLANT Austria-based Stoelzle Glass Group acquired the Monaca, Pa., glass factory from Anchor Hocking Glass Co., a subsidiary of the Oneida Group. It is Stoelzle\'s seventh glass plant, its first plant in the United States, and its first outside Europe. Stoelzle Glass Group is a producer of high-end packaging glass for the spirits, consumer, perfumery, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical markets. Rochor Hocking Stoelzle said it will invest in and modernize the Monaca, Pa., plant. 3 LG Energy Solution LG said it plans to invest $4.5 billion in its U.S. business by 2025. EV BATTERY MAKERS SETTLE LEGAL DISPUTES LG Energy Solution and SK Innovation announced an agreement to settle all legal disputes relating to electric vehicle batteries in the United States and Korea. Under the agreement, SK Innovation will pay LG 2 trillion won (US$1.8 billion) in lump-sum payments and a running royalty. The companies agreed to withdraw all pending legal disputes in the U.S. and Korea. LG had accused Seoul-based SK of misappropriating technology related to electric vehicle batteries. Both companies supply electric car batteries to major automakers. CORNING EARNS SECOND US GRANT FOR VIAL MANUFACTURING Corning Inc. was awarded $57 million in additional funding from the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), part of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to further increase domestic manufacturing of pharmaceutical glass tubing and vials to support the COVID-19 mass vaccination effort. The award is in addition to a $204 million contract announced in June 2020, for a total of $261 million invested in Corning\'s pharmaceutical vial and tubing manufacturing capacity. Corning said it has met every milestone to date under the original contract. Corning is scaling up its vial and tubing capacity to meet demand. KYOCERA CONNECTS WITH COOKING AND FOOD INFLUENCERS Kyocera has offered ceramic cutlery since 1984. Kyocera\'s U.S. consumer products group enlisted ExpertVoice, an advocacy marketing platform, to introduce the company\'s ceramic knives and kitchen tools to a variety of experts. The program will provide cooking, kitchen, and food experts with information and experience on Kyocera\'s proprietary ceramic knives and kitchen products. ExpertVoice connects brands with a network of more than 1 million influencers across more than 30 product categories. VERALLIA PLANS TO EXPAND IN BRAZIL Paris-based Verallia said it will invest about 60 million euros in its Jacutinga, Brazil, plant to build a second furnace. This investment will more than double the plant\'s production capacity from 1 million bottles per day to 2.3 million in 2023, when the furnace will be running at full capacity. The expansion aims to meet increased demand in the beer and alcoholic segments with amber and green bottles, the company said. Verallia operates 32 glass production facilities in 11 countries. Verallia\'s plant in Jacutinga, Brazil. 40 49 50 4 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING PREPARING FOR CONTINGENCIES HELPED COMPANIES GROW DURING THE PANDEMIC By David Holthaus No one could have predicted a global pandemic. But a crisis? Those happen, in varying degrees, on a regular basis. Companies that were prepared for the next crisis not only survived the last year but, in some cases, found new opportunities, and even grew. They did so against the odds during a once-in-a-hundred years emergency—the COVID-19 pandemic that has proven fatal to more than 3 million people and impacted business around the world. CocksTex Top: A rendering of CoorsTek\'s finished plant in Thailand. Bottom: Construction proceeds on Coors Tek\'s Thailand plant. Credit: Coors Tek Inc. www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglass manufacturing Despite restrictions on travel, CoorsTek, the Golden, Colo.-based maker of advanced technical ceramics, accomplished the planning, design, and initial stages of construction of a large, new plant in Thailand with few delays. The company had wanted to expand its presence in the growing markets of Southeast Asia, and in mid-2019, its board gave the green light to a plan to build a large manufacturing plant in the province of Rayong, Thailand. Before the virus emerged, CoorsTek already had a team in place in the region that was working on securing land and establishing vital relationships with the Thailand government and agencies that would be involved in the construction, says Andy Filson, Coors Tek\'s chief operations officer. It also had hired its first employee for the facility, the plant manager. \"Fortunately, pre-COVID, we had already selected Rayong, Thailand, as our location to expand, purchased land, and we began building relationships with the industrial park operators and government officials involved with foreign direct investments,\" Filson says. Some of leadership of the Thailand project team were already on the ground in South Korea working on a project in that country, where CoorsTek operates a large manufacturing facility. Even as COVID emerged, some countries in the region had reciprocal agreements to permit travel between them, Filson says. The CoorsTek team found a window to travel from South Korea to Thailand, quarantine for two weeks, and be tested to allow for travel within the country. Andy Filson In April and May 2020, as the virus spread, Thailand closed its borders, which resulted in a slight delay in progress. After that, the country permitted a limited number of entries and mandated curfews and restrictions on in-person gatherings, efforts that limited the spread of the virus. \"CoorsTek got a jump on establishing protocols to keep people safe, even before public health agencies were prescribing such practices,\" Filson says. \"Globally, we implemented strict guidelines around social distancing, even on the production floor, with flexible schedules and machine assignments, wearing of masks, entry screenings, and regular sanitizing of workspaces. We were ready when the Thailand mandates were announced,\" he says. \"Our practice is to follow local regulations or our global standards, whichever has tighter restrictions.\" The relationships that CoorsTek already established with government agencies and with the owners of the industrial park where the new plant would be built, connections that would be critical anytime, were especially important as travel and meeting restrictions were put into place. \"We needed to leverage these early relationships to continue expansion planning via online methods versus in person,\" Filson says. \"We selected construction partners that already have a presence and extensive experience building in Thailand, so it all came together pretty seamlessly.\" Like the rest of the world, the company made use of online meeting tools and other options for regular communication, including GoPro cameras and drone footage that permitted video from the site to be shared in near real-time. \"Use of such virtual tools got us close to having an onsite presence, so an expert on one side of the world could work with someone on the other side of the world, and both be looking at the same thing,\" Filson says. \"This became critical not only for progress on the Thailand expansion, but also enabled Coors Tek to continue to move product lines around the world, improving our ability to keep employees safe, serve customers, preserve cash, and preserve jobs.\" In the first phase, the company will build more than 110,000 square feet of manufacturing space, which is expected to be completed sometime in the third quarter of this year. Plans call for an expansion to more than 400,000 square feet over several years. \"That will make Thailand one of the major manufacturing hubs for us and well-positioned for growth in that region,\" Filson says. In addition to the expansion in Thailand, CoorsTek also continued to grow business throughout the pandemic. As a critical infrastructure business, the company kept the lights on even during the strictest portions of the lockdown to produce orders for critical components for medical equipment, semiconductor manufacturing, utilities, and other infrastructure. \"Keeping our employees safe during this time was our number-one concern, so we had to implement strict protocols almost overnight,\" says Filson. \"The extraordinary flexibility and commitment shown by our employees around the world, working collaboratively with constant communications to all of our stakeholders, enabled the company to have far fewer internal COVID cases than what the world was experiencing, and prevent interruptions to our business.\" In Saxonburg, Pa., the pandemic caused the leadership of Du-Co Ceramics to realize how essential its products are. The company makes ceramic insulators that are components of heaters, igniters, and sensors that wind up in larger products. The company often does not know what the end products are, but the pandemic changed that. As shutdown orders came down in March 2020 across the U.S., many manufacturers were declared essential businesses and permitted to remain open. They needed parts. 5 51 6 52 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING \"Within weeks, we had letters from more than a hundred of our customers saying they were essential manufacturers,\" says Du-Co president Tom Arbanas. \"We were learning that our ceramic insulators were ending up in many critical applications,\" he says. \"Pharmaceutical, medical, steel mills, defense products, foods, transportation, and energy.\" One critical product they are used in is hospital ventilators. One of the first calls Du-Co received after the shutdown was from a customer that makes heaters for the machines that were suddenly in high demand. The customer needed as many parts as Du-Co could produce, and as quickly as it could make them. \"We did our best to fulfill orders quickly and keep our customers operating,\" Arbanas says. It was able to do that partly because of decisions made long before the pandemic to keep a large amount of raw materials in its inventory. Du-Co ships a million parts a day out of its Saxonburg plant and burns through 300,000 pounds per month of talcs, clays, flux and other materials, Arbanas says. The pandemic disrupted the manufacturing supply chain, but the company\'s practice of stockpiling raw material meant it could continue to fulfill orders, sometimes when other vendors could not. That spelled opportunity for the company. So did the decisions of some of its customers to \"reshore\" some of their purchases to U.S. companies as supplies from overseas became delayed or halted. \"Our sales team reached out to some of our customer base to tell them the benefits of buying their products within the United States,” Arbanas says. \"That was another area we\'ve seen some growth in.\" The sales team has not physically gone out on the road yet, but it will soon, he says. H SCIENCE TEACHERS Du-Co management is continually looking for ways to become more self-sufficient, Arbanas says. It is working on making its own firing fixtures, for example, and is getting close to being able to do that. Pandemics, thankfully, are rare occurrences. But supply chain disruptions are not, and Du-Co\'s efforts to be self-sufficient helped it weather the impact of the February storm in Texas, where some of its raw material is mined, and of the six-day blockage of shipping through the Suez Canal in March. \"Things like that seem to come up periodically,\" Arbanas says. Supplying essential parts to essential manufacturers has provided a morale boost to employees through the pandemic. \"It\'s given our workforce a sense of pride knowing we\'re helping keep America safe and running,\" Arbanas says. Employees at Corning Inc. (Corning, N.Y.) are helping to get America and the world-vaccinated. Thanks to research efforts begun more than a decade ago, Corning was able to quickly step up its production of the glass vials needed to hold COVID-19 vaccines and get them to the vaccine makers to help meet the extraordinary demand. Corning had been in the pharmaceutical vial business for decades, including the years in which the polio vaccine was being administered in the \'50s and \'60s. But the industry commoditized, and Corning exited it nearly 30 years ago. But in 2010, executives from pharmaceutical maker Merck approached Corning CEO Wendell Weeks, who served on Merck\'s board of directors, and asked if Corning could help solve manufacturing concerns that Merck and other drug makers had with traditional vials made with borosilicate glass. yar-12 grade ere Science Kit Du-Co Ceramics president Tom Arbanas, far right, during a pre-COVID trip to the National Science Teachers Association Conference. Credit: Du-Co Ceramics Friction on the outer surface of borosilicate vials can cause them to bunch together and create backups in the high-output manufacturing environments where vials are filled and capped, Corning says. That can cause damage and breakage. The glass can also flake, or delaminate, on the inside, potentially contaminating the drug. That led to an FDA advisory in 2011 on the potential for glass fragments in injectable drugs, and to several manufacturer recalls. Corning researchers experimented with more than 200 different glass compositions before landing on an aluminosilicate glass that it says is 10 times stronger than conventional vials and more chemically durable on the inside, avoiding the delamination problem. In addition, Corning says a production line using vials made with this glass, which they call Valor Glass, can fill up to 750 vials a minute, nearly double the maximum speed that conventional vials www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing 7 Corning\'s Valor Glass lab. Credit: Corning, Inc. Corning\'s glass composition melting process. Credit: Corning, Inc. YOUR Alumina VALUABLE PARTNER IN MATERIAL SCIENCE Sapphire .Alumina • Sapphire ⚫Quartz Quartz can tolerate. That has put the product in high demand during the unprecedented national and global vaccination effort. \"We\'re fortunate to have a transformative product,\" says Brendan Mosher, vice president and general manager of Corning Pharmaceutical Technologies. \"It wasn\'t really meant for pandemic response, but in hindsight, it\'s really the perfect packaging for a pandemic response. It\'s the strongest and fastest-to-fill vials ever made.\" Drug maker Pfizer, whose COVID vaccine must be stored at ultracold temperatures, signed a long-term purchase and supply agreement with Corning for Valor Glass, the glass maker says. The U.S.government took note, and in June 2020, announced a $204 million grant to Corning to ramp up manufacturing of the vials. The grant helped add capacity almost immediately at Corning\'s Big Flats, N.Y. plant, led to increased production at its glass tubing ⚫Boron Nitride .High Purity Powders .Laser Marking Machine ⚫Laser Machining Http://www.advaluetech.com Tel: 1-520-514-1100, Fax: 1-520-747-4024 Email sales@advahetech.com 11585. Chrysler Ave, Tucson, AZ 85713, USA A AdValue Technology Boron Nitride High Purity Powders Laser Machining Laser Marking Machine 53 8 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING Trade shows plan return to in-person events Trade shows and conferences are slowly emerging from the pandemic-enforced virtual world. Two of the largest ceramic industry events are currently planning to be held in person this year. Ceramics Expo Ceramics Expo is planning for an in-person event from Aug. 30 to Sept. 1 in Cleveland, Ohio. The sessions will focus on the theme of enabling a clean, efficient, and electrified future. Conference organizers say they will follow physical distancing and crowd-density guidelines recommended by local government authorities, will minimize wait times at registration, and increase entry points to facilitate quicker admittance. They also plan to increase aisle widths and use dedicated travel lanes to help manage traffic. As far as face masks, organizers say they \"will take the necessary measures with regards to face coverings based on medical guidance at the time of the show.\" Up-to-date information is available at www.ceramicsexpousa.com. Read more about Ceramics Expo\'s response to the pandemic on p. 9, \"The rocky road back to \'live.\"\" ceramitec The ceramitec conference and exhibition is scheduled to take place in Munich on Sept. 15–16. Conference topics include technical ceramics, additive manufacturing, powder metallurgy, process control, and equipment supply and materials. \"Personal exchange and interaction are irreplaceable—especially in industries with short innovation cycles,\" Ceramitec: announcing the event. says in Current information and registration are available at www.ceramitec.com. The American Ceramic Society rescheduled or canceled several events based on guidance from the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as from local government and public health authorities. The Society maintained a series of professional development webinars and online events through the pandemic. A list of upcoming events is available at www.ceramics.org/meetings-events. \"We appreciate the efforts of our organizers, volunteers, vendors, and partners to work with us and respond to a fast-changing situation in a way that allows us to continue to serve our members and mission,\" says Mark Mecklenborg, ACerS executive director. plant in Vineland, N.J., and will accelerate by roughly two years its plans for a high-volume manufacturing facility in Durham, N.C., Mosher says. The federal government\'s Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) followed up that grant with one for $57 million, announced in March. In addition to Pfizer, Corning is supporting other leading vaccine producers, with glass tubing in some cases, and directly with vials in others, Mosher says. \"The expansion we\'re doing now would be challenging under any conditions,\" Mosher says. \"It\'s probably one of the fastest, most aggressive expansions Corning has ever done.\" Pandemic travel and meeting restrictions have made it more difficult to move people and equipment around the country and the world, but the company is four to five months ahead of plan on the new North Carolina facility, he says. Other glass makers also responded to the global need for pharmaceutical vials. Schott AG, based in Mainz, Germany, is on track to deliver vials for more than 2 billion vaccine doses through 2021, the company says. In March, it announced that its pharmaceutical packaging business unit had delivered enough vials to provide more than 1 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines. In early 2019, Schott announced a multiyear, $1 billion global investment in pharmaceutical glass and packaging facilities. \"The entire industry is successfully working together to ensure an adequate supply,\" Frank Heinricht, CEO of Schott AG, said in March. \"We\'re also working with our government partners to evaluate ways to improve the supply chain and expand production capacity.\" \"I In June 2020, Italy-based Stevanato Group agreed to supply 100 million glass vials to hold up to 2 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine to the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, a global partnership that is funding and coordinating the development of COVID-19 vaccines. Last September, in the midst of the pandemic, as vaccine demand ramped up, Stevanato inaugurated its Technology Excellence Center in Boston, where it works with pharmaceutical companies and others to improve drug-container systems and reduce the time to market. \"We can anticipate challenges, and present viable, robust solutions that save development time and resources,\" says Paolo Patri, Stevanato\'s chief technology officer. The planning of these companies and many others will help end the pandemic and prepare them for whatever the next crisis will be. ▼ 54 www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing THE ROCKY ROAD BACK TO \'LIVE\': IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC FROM A TRADE SHOW PERSPECTIVE By Emma Stokes Exhibition organizer Smarter Shows shares how they navigated the pandemic to continue bringing industry professionals together virtually while planning the return to live events. D uring the early winter months of 2020, we here in the small city of Brighton on the south coast of the United Kingdom watched with increasing interest and, gradually, concern, the speed at which something called \"coronavirus\" grew in significance. By late February, we saw an undeniable shift in the communications we received from the advanced engineering and manufacturing communities that we serve globally. 20 Smeman Coumic C ceramics THANK YOU TO OUR SPONSORS TIM JET T APPORTERE THANK YOU FOR VISITING C ceramics expo S SEE YOU NEXT YEAR MAY 5-6,2020 Smartershows ceramics Sale YOU TO OUR SPOR 9 Ceramics Expo 2019, pictured, took place in Cleveland, Ohio. The 2020 event took place virtually because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Credit: Smarter Shows 59 55 10 56 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING By early March, we faced an incredibly difficult decision. We were scheduled to run our B2B tradeshow Foam Expo alongside the Adhesives & Bonding Expo in Michigan just a few short weeks later. We had 450 exhibitors and many thousands of attendees ready and prepared to descend on the Suburban Collection Showplace exhibition center in Novi, just outside of Detroit, on March 24. With the global situation changing at pace, we needed to carefully consider our response. On March 9, we formally took the decision to postpone that event― the health and safety of our attendees were paramount. A couple of days later, I took a call from my daughter\'s nursery. My youngest, then 4, was being sent home. She had a slight temperature, and under new guidance from the government, she now needed to stay away for a full two weeks. I left the office immediately. Little did we know that two days later we would close the office entirely and send all staff to work from home. It feels naïve to think back now, but we initially thought this situation would be an unusual one that we would need to carefully manage for a few short weeks. Here we are 14 months on-a live B2B events company with no live events to our name since November 2019. The postponement or \"deferral\" of live events would become a regular occurrence for our business and so many others like ours across the world as we all tried to predict the unpredictable. We worked with venues to secure new dates; with hotel partners to secure new room blocks; with contractors to defer contracts; and with exhibitors, speakers, media partners, and attendees to try to understand and keep on top of the disparate and ever-changing regulatory environment related to live events. In addition, corporate policies concerning live events, as well as organizational and individual views on the topic, proved just as wide ranging. The \"right\" thing to do was never an easy answer to find. Ceramics Expo was our second event to be postponed in the spring of 2020. Initially scheduled for early May in Cleveland, Ohio—as it has been since its inception in 2015—we postponed to September 2020 and finally had to accept that we could not successfully deliver a live event at all in 2020. Despite the regulatory environment in theory permitting events to happen in autumn, fundamentally live events were not what our communities wanted at that time. Ceramics Expo is typical of our portfolio of events, being very much focused on advanced manufacturing and engineering challenges spanning a wide range of end-user industries. A great many of our exhibitors rely on meetings such as Ceramics Expo to meet with prospective clients, partners, and suppliers in a tangible, face-to-face environment. So, what do you do if you are in the business of bringing people together but you cannot bring people together? We set about getting back to basics and understanding the true value that we create via Ceramics Expo, along with our other events, and investigating ways in which we could replicate that value for our participants in the absence of being able to run the show in the normal way. CoonsTicc 200 HOO Ceramics Expo is planned to return in-person to Cleveland, Ohio, at the end of August. Credit: Smarter Shows Such was the unanticipated nature of the pandemic. It\'s true to say that it caught the world and indeed almost every industry off guard. Hence, we first undertook to publish a series of free COVID-impact reports. Led by our highly experienced conference production team, the Ceramics Expo industry report involved extensive research with around 200 industry professionals from throughout the ceramics manufacturing supply chain. The report was highly insightful and enabled benchmarking against customers, competitors, partners, and suppliers, but it also permitted organizations to see the bigger picture and thus be able to plan and reprioritize their activities accordingly. The report was published in May 2020 to resounding success, and its findings were discussed in a complimentary webinar in the same month with valuable commentary from key industry players Cerion Nanomaterials, Kyocera, C Foam, and Precision Ceramics. We are incredibly proud of the contribution that the report made in informing and reassuring people at an unnerving and challenging time for all. When the time came to admit that live events would not happen at all in 2020, our \"Connect\" virtual events were born. The digital answer to a B2B exposition in the middle of a global pandemic-Ceramics Expo Connect-enabled participants to hear from and interact with great speakers, browse and meet with exhibitors, and network with a wide range of attendees. I don\'t think the team will mind me saying that an unfamiliar and bumpy road lay ahead. We had some good experience already at running digital content via our webinars―however, this undertaking was much more significant. We tried to replicate practically every part of a live show in digital form. The weeks leading up to the virtual shows proved incredibly challenging and, looking back, this experience was hardly surprising. We had to source and collaborate with a new technology platform to host and provide the technical infrastructure for the show. Many providers existed long before the pandemic, but none could have foreseen or been truly prepared for the uplift in demand that the pandemic would throw their way from event organizers the world over trying to pivot to the www.ceramics.org/ceramicandglassmanufacturing new \"norm.\" Furthermore, our own team had to quickly learn the platform from scratch and learn digital event delivery as did our speakers, exhibitors, and attendees. Despite a well-thought-out educational program, we saw an unprecedented level of questions, queries, and the ever-feared technical glitches. Nevertheless, we are very pleased to say that the overwhelming response to the event itself was positive—delivering as it did to over 1,600 attendees involved in more than 30 hours of events, meetings, and sessions over four days, including 34 speakers from industry leaders such as Ford, DuPont, Samsung, and GE Aviation. The event achieved its objective in assisting businesses to collectively overcome the impact of travel restrictions and concerns around meeting face-to-face. There also were some very valuable lessons learned along the way. First, we were very pleased to see a huge uplift in international participation in Ceramics Expo as a result of moving to digital last year. With location not being a consideration, we were able to see the true global appetite for learning and connecting across this industry, and this observation is certainly something that we are motivated to continue to develop and nurture. We saw that content can be delivered in a highly effective and accessible manner online. We are now committed to a much more comprehensive digital content program spanning the entire year and thus better serving our communities by bridging the gaps between the live shows. This program will include tried and tested formats, such as our webinars and industry reports, in addition to new opportunities led by feedback from our communities, such as our Lunch & Learn product-focused briefing and Q&A sessions. Furthermore, we permanently developed the exhibitor listings on our websites to facilitate vital connections throughout the year via the new \"Connect Exhibitor\" functionality and further via the ability for exhibitors to upload a variety of rich content to educate browsing visitors on their products and services. While we value the opportunities that the events of the past year have afforded us to improve and innovate, I am certain that I speak for the entire team in saying that we couldn\'t be happier to be looking eagerly ahead at running our full complement of eight live events this year, beginning in mid-July, and with Ceramics Expo 2021 ready to return August 30September 1. We look forward to seeing you in Cleveland. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Emma Stokes is joint managing director at Smarter Shows. Contact Stokes at emma.stokes@smartershows.com. C ceramics expo Ceramics Expo 2021 August 30-September 1 Advanced ceramics: enabling a clean, efficient & electrified future We are delighted to bring Ceramics Expo back to Cleveland, Ohio, after a wait of more than two years. We are thrilled to say that the appetite to be back at the live show has never been greater within the ceramic manufacturing community that we serve. Over 250 exhibitors will meet with thousands of attendees at the show\'s new home in downtown Cleveland-the Huntington Convention Center. Visit the exhibition to source new materials, components, and technologies; network with like-minded professionals; discuss challenges and opportunities; and gain the latest industry intelligence and knowledge. The theme of the event this year is \"Advanced ceramics: enabling a clean, efficient & electrified future.\" The industry-leading conference allows our speakers to share their technical expertise in ceramics and provide real-world case studies, profile new technologies and materials, and disseminate information on key industry trends. Speaking companies confirmed this year include Kyocera, GE Aviation, Coors Tek, Northrup Grumman, Skyworks, and Morgan Advanced Materials, plus many more. The American COROTIC Society Credit: Erik Drost, Flickr (CC BY 2.0) 11 12 58 CERAMIC & GLASS MANUFACTURING ADVERTISERS INDE JUNE/JULY 2021 • VOLUME 2 • ISSUE 2 ADVERTISERS Ad Value Technology www.advaluetech.com 53 VOLUME 2 Ceramic Glass The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org Inside front and Inside back covers Issue American Elements www.americanelements.com MANUFACTURING April 2021 Theme Additive manufacturing: Where are the opportunities? 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Contact Kevin Thompson at kthompson@ceramics.org or 614-794-5894 to learn more. www.ceramics.org/corporate H AMERICAN ELEMENTS yttrium iron garnet glassy carbon THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURER Ⓡ fused quartz beamsplitters photonics piezoceramics europium phosphors additive manufacturing III-IV semiconductors ITO H 1.00794 Hydrogen He transparent conductive oxides sol-gel process Be B C N O barium fluoride 10.811 Boron 12.0107 Carbon 15.9994 14.0067 Nitrogen Oxygen 18.9984032 Fluorine RO 88.90685 Yttrium Fe 55.845 Iron PU zeolite anod oxides TiCN ZnS 19 87 Li 6.941 Lithium Na 22.98976928 Sodium K 39.0983 Potassium Rb 85.4678 Rubidium Cs 132.9054 Cesium Fr (223) Francium Si3N4 12 20 38 56 88 9.012182 Beryllium Mg 24.305 Magnesium raman substrates 21 Ca Sc 40.078 Calcium Sr 87.62 Strontium Ba 137.327 Barium 39 89 44.955912 Scandium La 138.90547 Lanthanum Ra Ac quantum dots 22 72 sapphire windows Ti 47.867 Titanium Zr 91.224 Zirconium Hf 178.48 Hafnium Rf (267) Rutherfordium 23 41 73 105 V 50.9415 Vanadium Nb 92.90638 Niobium Ta 180.9488 Tantalum Db 19 24 42 74 25 Cr Mn 51.9961 Chromium 43 54.938045 Manganese Mo Tc 95.96 Molybdenum 106 W 183.84 Tungsten 75 (98.0) Technetium Re 186.207 Rhenium 44 Ru 101.07 Ruthenium Os 190.23 Osmium epitaxial crystal growth Ce Pr 140.116 Cerium 60 61 (226) Radium (227) Actinium 104 107 108 Sg Bh Hs (268) Dubnium (271) Seaborglum (272) Bohrium (270) Hassium imu, 45 77 anti-ballistic 28 Co Ni Cu 58.933195 Cobalt 46 58.6934 Nickel Rh Pd 102.9066 Rhodium Ir 192.217 Iridium 109 Mt (276) Meitnerium ༞ ཿ།སྐག ། 78 110 Palladium Pt 196.084 Platinum Ds 47 79 111 Zn 63.546 65.38 Copper 48 Zinc Ag Cd 107.8682 Silver 80 112.411 Cadmium Au Hg 196.966569 Gold 112 200.59 Mercury Rg Cn (280) (281) (285) Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium 13 49 81 113 ΑΙ 26.9815388 Aluminum 14 32 Si 28.0855 Silicon 15 33 bioimplants P 30.973762 Phosphorus Ga Ge As 69.723 Gallium 50 72.64 Germanium 74.9216 Arsenic 34 S 32.065 Sulfur Se Selenium 114.818 Indium Sn 118.71 Tin 51 Sb 121.76 Antimony Te 127.6 Tellurium 53 TI 204.3833 Thallium Nh (284) Nihonium 82 114 Pb 207.2 Lead FI (289) Flerovium 83 115 Bi 208.9804 Bismuth Mc (288) Moscovium 116 Po (209) Polonium Lv (293) Livermorium 85 117 cerium oxide polishing powder Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb 140.90765 144.242 (145) Promethium 150.36 Samarium 151.964 Europium 157.25 Gadolinium 158.92535 Terbium 162.5 Praseodymium Neodymium 97 94 Np Pu Am Cm Bk 98 164.93032 Holmium 167.259 Erbium 101 168.93421 Thulium Lu 173.054 Ytterbium 102 Dysprosium Cf 99 Es 100 Fm Md No 174.9668 Lutetium 103 Lr 231.03588 Protactinium 238.02891 Uranium (237) Neptunium (244) Plutonium (243) Americium (247) Curium (247) Berkelium (251) Californium (252) Einsteinium (257) Fermium (258) Mendelevium (259) Nobelium (282) Lawrenclum Th 232.03806 Thorium 91 Pa transparent ceramics SiALON GDC scintillation Ce:YAG sputtering targets deposition slugs MBE grade materials chalcogenides superconductors nanodispersions fuel cell materials TM Now Invent. beta-barium borate alumina substrates The Next Generation of Material Science Catalogs F CI 35.453 Chlorine Br 79.904 Bromine 126.90447 lodine 36 54 4.002602 Helium Ne 20.1797 Neon Ar 39.948 Argon Kr 83.798 Krypton Xe 131.293 Xenon At Rn (210) Astatine Ts (294) Tennessine 118 (222) Radon Og (294) Oganesson YSZ ribbons silicates termet h-BN InGaAs rutile spintronics YBCO perovskites laser crystals CVD precursors silicon carbide solar energy photovoltaics lithium niobate Over 15,000 certified high purity laboratory chemicals, metals, & advanced materials and a state-of-the-art Research Center. 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Wilson pwilson@ceramics.org ph: 614-794-5826 fx: 614-942-5607 CELEBRATING 100 YEARS NIST MS 8520 Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA 301-975-6009 | phase2@nist.gov The American Ceramic Society www.ceramics.org NIST www.ceramics.org | American Ceramic Society Bulletin, Vol. 100, No. 5 REGISTER TODAY ACERS ANNUAL MEETING at Technical Meeting and Exhibition MS&T21 MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY OCT. 17-21, 2021 | GREATER COLUMBUS CONVENTION CENTER | COLUMBUS, OHIO, USA Organizers: The American Ceramic Society MATSCITECH.ORG/MST21 AIST TMS www.ceramics.org ASSOCIATION FOR IRON & STEEL TECHNOLOGY The Minerals Metals & Materials Society WHERE MATERIALS INNOVATIONS HAPPENS 田 AMERICAN ELEMENTS yttrium iron garnet glassy carbon THE ADVANCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURER ® fused quartz beamsplitters photonics piezoceramics europium phosphors additive manufacturing III-IV semiconductors H 1.00794 Hydrogen transparent conductive oxides sol-gel process B barium fluoride 10.811 Boron zeolite anod oxides TiCN ZnS 19 Li 6.941 Lithium Na 22.98976928 Sodium K 39.0983 Potassium Rb 85.4678 Rubidium Cs 132.9054 Cesium 4 12 20 56 Be 9.012182 Beryllium Mg 24.305 Magnesium raman substrates 21 Ca Sc 40.078 Calcium Sr 87.62 Strontium 57 44.965912 Scandium 88.90585 Yttrium 40 72 sapphire windows Ti 47.867 Titanium Zr 91.224 Zirconium Ba La Hf 137.327 Barium 89 138.90547 Lanthanum (226) Radium (227) Actinium 178.48 Hafnium N 27 anti-ballistic Cu Zn \"V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu 41 73 50.9415 Vanadium 42 51.9961 54.938045 55.845 Chromium Manganese Iron 58.933195 Cobalt Nickel 63.546 Copper Nb Mo Tc 92.90638 Niobium Ta 180.9488 Tantalum 74 Molybdenum 75 (98.0) Technetium 76 Ru Rh 101.07 Ruthenium 77 102.9055 Rhodium 78 65.38 Zinc Pd Ag Cd 106.42 Palladium \"W Re Os Ir Pt 106 183.84 Tungsten 107 186.207 Rhenium 190.23 Osmium 109 192.217 Iridium 79 107.8682 Silver 80 112.411 Cadmium Pt Au Hg 195.084 Platinum 111 196.966569 Gold 112 200.59 Mercury 13 31 49 81 113 ΑΙ 26.9815386 Aluminum 14 32 12.0107 Carbon Si 28.0855 Silicon Ga Ge 69.723 Gallium In 114.818 Indium TI 204.3833 Thallium 82 72.64 Germanium Sn 118.71 Tin Pb 207.2 Lead 15 33 51 bioimplants 83 N 14.0067 Nitrogen P 30.973762 Phosphorus As 74.9216 Arsenic Sb 121.76 Antimony Bi 208.9804 Bismuth 52 15.9994 Oxygen S 32.065 Sulfur Se 78.96 Selenium Te 127.6 Tellurium 285 F 18.9984032 Fluorine CI 35.453 Chlorine Br 79.904 Bromine 126.90447 lodine 10 18 86 He 4.002602 Helium Ne 20.1797 Neon Ar 39.948 Argon Kr 83.798 Krypton Xe 131.293 Xenon Po At Rn (209) Polonium 110 Ds Rg Cn Nh 114 FI 115 Mc 116 Lv 108 Hs Mt (268) Dubnium (271) Seaborglum (272) Bohrium (270) Hassium (276) Meitnerium (281) Darmstadtium (280) Roentgenium (285) Copernicium (284) Nihonium (289) Flerovium (288) Moscovium (293) Livermorium 117 87 Fr (223) Francium 88 Ra Ac 104 Rf (267) Rutherfordium 105 Db Sg Bh epitaxial crystal growth Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd cerium oxide polishing powder Ho Er Tm Si3N4 quantum dots 140.116 Cerium Ce Pr 144.242 (145) Neodymium Promethium 150.36 Samarium 151.964 Europium 9:3 96 Th 140.90765 Praseodymium 91 Pa 231.03588 Protactinium 92 U 238.02891 Uranium 232.03806 Thorium ལྱཱ།གས Tb Dy Ho 157.25 158.92535 162.5 Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium 164.93032 Holmium 167.259 Erbium Thulium 101 97 100 102 Yb Lu 174.9668 Lutetium 173,054 Ytterbium 103 Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr (237) (244) (243) (247) Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium (247) Berkelium (251) Californium (252) Einsteinium (257) Fermium (258) Mendelevium (259) Nobelium (262) Lawrencium transparent ceramics SiALON GDC scintillation Ce:YAG sputtering targets deposition slugs MBE grade materials chalcogenides superconductors nanodispersions fuel cell materials TM Now Invent. beta-barium borate alumina substrates The Next Generation of Material Science Catalogs (210) Astatine Ts (294) Tennessine 118 (222) Radon Og (294) Oganesson ITO YSZ ribbons silicates termet h-BN InGaAs rutile spintronics YBCO perovskites laser crystals CVD precursors silicon carbide solar energy photovoltaics lithium niobate Over 15,000 certified high purity laboratory chemicals, metals, & advanced materials and a state-of-the-art Research Center. 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